Tunable imaging members and process for making

- Xerox Corporation

A method for forming an electrostatographic photoreceptor includes the steps of selecting a desired sensitivity range and a desired light intensity for a photoreceptor and forming the photoreceptor having the desired sensitivity range and desired light intensity. The photoreceptor includes a supporting substrate and a photogenerating layer including a charge generating material, formed by coating the photogenerating layer on the supporting substrate. The charge generating material is formed by a process including dispersion milling a photogenerating material for a selected period of time, selected in accordance with the desired sensitivity range and the desired light intensity, to adjust the desired sensitivity range and desired light intensity of the photoreceptor.

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Claims

1. A method for forming an electrostatographic photoreceptor, comprising:

(a) selecting a desired sensitivity range and a desired light intensity for a photoreceptor; and
(b) forming said photoreceptor having said desired sensitivity range and said desired light intensity comprising a supporting substrate and a photogenerating layer comprising a charge generating material by coating said photogenerating layer on said supporting substrate;
wherein said charge generating material is formed by a process comprising dispersion milling a photogenerating material for a selected period of time, selected in accordance with said desired sensitivity range and said desired light intensity, to adjust said desired sensitivity range and said desired light intensity of said photoreceptor.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said photogenerating layer comprises a separate charge generating layer and a separate charge transport layer, and said charge generating material is contained in said charge generating layer.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said photoreceptor has a sensitivity in a range of from about 40 to about 90 V-cm.sup.2 /erg at a V.sub.ddp of 600 V.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said photoreceptor has a light intensity in a range of from about 7 to about 25 erg/cm.sup.2 at 100 V.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein said photoreceptor forming step comprises providing said supporting substrate, applying a blocking layer to said supporting substrate, applying said charge generating layer over said blocking layer, and applying said charge transport layer over said charge generating layer.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein particles of said charge generating material have an average particle size of from about 0.03 to about 0.20.mu.m.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein particles of said charge generating material have an average particle size of from about 0.05 to about0.15.mu.m.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said charge generating material is selected from the group consisting of amorphous selenium, trigonal selenium, selenium alloys, metal-free phthalocyanine pigments, metal phthalocyanines, dibromoanthanthrone, squarylium, quinacridones, dibromo anthanthrone pigments, substituted 2,4-diamino-triazines, and polynuclear aromatic quinones.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein said photogenerating material and said charge generating material are benzimidazole perylene.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said benzimidazole perylene is selected from the group consisting of bisbenzimidazo(2,1-a:1',2'-b')anthra(2,1,9-def:6,5,10-d'e'f')diisoquinolin e-6,11-dione and bisbenzimidazo(2,1-a:2',1'-a')anthra(2,1,9-def:6,5,10-d'e'f')diisoquinolin e-10,21-dione.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein said period of time is from about 2 to about 100 hours.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein said dispersion milling is conducted in a milling apparatus selected from the group consisting of a jar mill, a ball mill, an attritor, a sand mill, a paint shaker, a dyno mill, and a drum tumbler, said milling apparatus including a grinding media selected from the group consisting of round, spherical or cylindrical grinding beads of steel balls, ceramic cylinders, glass balls, round agates and stones.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein said dispersion milling grinds said photogenerating material to a smaller size to form said charge generating material.

14. A method for tuning sensitivity and light intensity of an electrostatographic photoreceptor, comprising:

(a) selecting a desired sensitivity range and a desired light intensity for a photoreceptor;
(b) dispersion milling a photogenerating material for a period of time sufficient to provide said photogenerating material with said desired sensitivity range and said desired light intensity; and
(c) forming said photoreceptor having said desired sensitivity range and said desired light intensity by a process comprising coating a photogenerating layer comprising a charge generating material onto a supporting substrate.

15. An electrostatographic photoreceptor having a specific desired sensitivity range and specific desired light intensity, produced by the process of claim 1.

16. An electrostatographic photoreceptor having a specifically-tuned sensitivity range and specifically-tuned light intensity, produced by the process of claim 14.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein said charge generating material is selected from the group consisting of amorphous selenium, trigonal selenium, selenium alloys, metal-free phthalocyanine pigments, metal phthalocyanines, dibromoanthanthrone, squarylium, dibromo anthanthrone pigments, and substituted 2,4-diamino-triazines.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein said dispersion milling is conducted in a milling apparatus and consists essentially of milling said photogenerating material with a grinding media and optionally a solvent.

Referenced Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
3871882 March 1975 Wiedemann
3904407 September 1975 Regensburger et al.
4251612 February 17, 1981 Chu et al.
4265990 May 5, 1981 Stolka et al.
4419427 December 6, 1983 Graser et al.
4469523 September 4, 1984 Ganci
4557868 December 10, 1985 Page et al.
4578333 March 25, 1986 Staudenmayer et al.
4587189 May 6, 1986 Hor et al.
5019473 May 28, 1991 Nguyen et al.
5084100 January 28, 1992 Bauman
5225307 July 6, 1993 Hor et al.
5484674 January 16, 1996 Hor et al.
Foreign Patent Documents
30 19 326 December 1981 DEX
Patent History
Patent number: 5686213
Type: Grant
Filed: Jul 31, 1996
Date of Patent: Nov 11, 1997
Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Stamford, CT)
Inventors: Robert T. Cosgrove (Rochester, NY), John S. Chambers (Rochester, NY), Huoy-Jen Yuh (Pittsford, NY)
Primary Examiner: John Goodrow
Law Firm: Oliff & Berridge
Application Number: 8/691,064
Classifications
Current U.S. Class: Radiation-sensitive Composition Or Product (430/56); Process Of Making Radiation-sensitive Product (430/127)
International Classification: G03G 5043;