Method and apparatus for reaming an acetabulum
A method and apparatus for repairing a cavity in bone may can include a longitudinal shaft having a distal end and a proximal end. A cutting tool can be selectively attachable to the distal end. A one-piece guide can have a body defining an opening and including a locator member extending therefrom. The locator member can be engageable to a first portion of the bone providing a reference point relative to the cutting tool while the cutting tool engages a second portion of the bone during cutting. The body can be slidably advanced onto the longitudinal shaft through the opening from the proximal end to an operating location in an assembled position. During operation, the body can define a handle concentric with the longitudinal shaft.
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This invention relates generally to a method and apparatus for use in orthopedic surgery and, more particular, to a method and apparatus for positively positioning a tool while reaming an acetabular defect during orthopedic surgery.
BACKGROUNDA natural hip joint may undergo degenerative changes due to a variety of etiologies. When such degenerative changes become so far advanced and irreversible, it may ultimately become necessary to replace a natural hip joint with a prosthetic hip. If the acetabulum needs repair, all remnants of articular cartilage may be removed from the acetabulum and an acetabular prosthesis which will accommodate the head or ball of the hip prosthesis may be affixed to the acetabulum.
In some instances however, it may also be necessary to remove a defect located adjacent the acetabulum. It some cases, it may be difficult to accurately manipulate a tool such as a reamer at the defect. Sometimes the defect may be removed by hand instruments.
SUMMARYAn apparatus for repairing a cavity in bone can include a longitudinal shaft having a distal end and a proximal end. A cutting tool can be selectively attachable to the distal end. A one-piece guide can have a body defining an opening and including a locator member extending therefrom. The locator member can be engageable to a first portion of the bone providing a reference point relative to the cutting tool while the cutting tool engages a second portion of the bone during cutting. The body can be slidably advanced onto the longitudinal shaft through the opening from the proximal end to an operating location in an assembled position. During operation, the body can define a handle concentric with the longitudinal shaft.
According to additional features, the body can define an arm operably connected between the locator member and the body. The arm can define a first section arranged generally parallel to an axis defined by the longitudinal shaft and a second section arranged at an angle relative to the axis. A third section of the arm can be operably coupled between the locator member and the second section. The third section can be arranged generally parallel to the first section. The locator member can define a spherical outer engaging surface. The locator member can define a concave recess defined on an inner surface. The concave recess can accommodate the tool during operation.
A method for reaming a cavity in bone can include reaming an acetabular cavity with a reamer having a longitudinal shaft. A guide member can be attached to the longitudinal shaft. The guide member can be positioned in the reamed cavity thereby providing a reference point relative to the reamer. The guide member can define a handle concentric with the longitudinal shaft. The handle can be grasped with a first hand while the longitudinal shaft is grasped with a second hand. A defect adjacent to the reamed cavity can be reamed with the reamer.
Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed description and various examples, while indicating various embodiments of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the following claims.
The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The following description of various embodiment(s) is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application or uses.
With initial reference to
With continued reference to
The rotational force of the driver may be communicated to the cutting head 30 by way of a reamer drive shaft 36 within the longitudinal shaft 18 operably connecting the mating structure 34 with the cutting head 30. A stop member 40 may be provided intermediate the proximal and distal ends 20 and 22. In one example, the stop member 40 may cooperate with the hub 32 to capture the reamer guide 14 therebetween during operation. As will be described in greater detail herein, the longitudinal shaft 18 of the reamer 12 may slidably translate through the reamer guide 14 in a first direction (leftward as viewed from
In one example, the stopper 40 may be moveable between an operating position (
According to one example, the stopper 40 may define a pin having a biasing member 44. The biasing member 44 may normally bias the stopper 40 in the operating position. The stopper 40 may be depressed in a direction toward the longitudinal shaft 18 thereby overcoming a bias of the biasing member 44 until the distal surface 46 of the reamer guide 14 passes over the stopper 40. Once the proximal surface 42 of the reamer guide 14 passes completely over the stopper 40, the biasing member 44 may urge the stopper 40 outward and to the operating position. It is appreciated that the configuration of the stopper 40 is merely exemplary and that other arrangements are contemplated. It is further appreciated that the cutting head 30 shown is merely exemplary and that other cutting heads may be used.
With reference now to
With specific reference now to
The locator member 54 may define a spherical outer engaging surface 68. The locator member 54 may further define a concave recess 70 for accommodating the cutting head 30 in the assembled position, see e.g.
With continued reference to
Initially, a driver (not shown) may be operably coupled with the mating structure 34 to impart rotational force through a reamer drive shaft 36 to the cutting head 30. The acetabulum 80 may be generally hemispherically reamed until concentric removal of all acetabular cartilage and/or bone cement is achieved. Once the acetabulum 80 has been appropriately reamed, acetabular trial gauges (not shown), which are well known in the art, may be used to determine and confirm the diameter of the acetabular cup to be used. At this point, a surgeon may access the defect to be reamed and identify which reamer guide 52, 52′, 52″ (
Once the acetabulum 80 has been sufficiently prepared, the reamer guide 14 may be slidably inserted onto the longitudinal shaft 18 of the reamer 12. In one example, the driver may be disconnected from the mating structure 34 and the opening 56 of the reamer guide 14 advanced onto the proximal end 20 of the longitudinal shaft 18 (
As viewed in
Turning now to
A plurality of bone screw holes (not specifically shown) may be bored through holes 96 in the acetabular cup 90. Once fixation holes have been formed in the acetabulum 80, a depth gauge, as is also known in the art, may be used to determine the length of the fixation screws. With the length of the screws determined, a fixation screw or multiple screws (not shown) may be inserted into screw holes 96. Fixation screws (not shown) may be similarly used though bores 98 in the augment 92 to secure the augment.
Those skilled in the art can now appreciate from the foregoing description that the broad teachings of the present invention can be implemented in a variety of forms. Therefore, while this invention has been described in connection with particular examples thereof, the true scope of the invention should not be so limited since other modifications will become apparent to the skilled practitioner upon a study of the drawings, the specification and the following claims.
Claims
1. A tool for reaming a cavity in bone comprising:
- a longitudinal shaft having a distal end and a proximal end, said longitudinal shaft extending along a first axis;
- a cutting tool selectively attachable to said distal end opposite said proximal end;
- a guide having a body that defines a second axis through an elongated opening, the guide including a unitarily formed locator member extending therefrom, wherein said locator member includes a spherical outer engaging surface and defines a concave recess on an inner surface that accommodates said cutting tool, said locator member being engageable to a first portion of the bone providing a reference point relative to said cutting tool while said cutting tool engages a second portion of the bone during cutting;
- an arm operably connected between said body and said locator member, said arm having a first section that extends along a third axis that is parallel to and offset from said first axis; and
- wherein said body is slidably advanced onto said longitudinal shaft through said opening from said proximal end to an operating location intermediate said distal end and said proximal end in an assembled position, said first and second axes being collinear.
2. The tool of claim 1 wherein during operation said body provides a gripping portion for a user that is concentric with said longitudinal shaft.
3. The tool of claim 2 wherein said arm further includes a second section positioned intermediate said first section and said locating member and arranged at an angle relative to said first axis.
4. The tool of claim 3 wherein said arm includes a third section operatively coupled between said locator member and said second section, said third section extending along a fourth axis that is parallel to and offset from said third axis.
5. The tool of claim 3 wherein said arm includes a third section operatively coupled between said locator member and said second section, said third section extending along a fourth axis that is parallel to and offset from said third axis.
6. The tool of claim 1 wherein said longitudinal shaft includes a stop member arranged thereon, said stop member moveable between an install position wherein said opening of said guide slidably passes entirely over said stop member and an operating position wherein said guide is precluded from advancing beyond said stop member.
7. The tool of claim 6 wherein said stop member is moved to a position that is substantially flush with said longitudinal shaft in said install position.
8. The tool of claim 6 wherein said stop member comprises a spring biased pin.
9. The tool of claim 8 wherein said longitudinal shaft is selectively translatable through said opening of said body in the operating position, said stop member engaging said guide.
10. A tool for reaming a cavity in bone comprising:
- a longitudinal shaft having a distal end and a proximal end, said longitudinal shaft extending alone a first axis;
- a stop member extending from a first location on said longitudinal shaft;
- a hub extending from a second location on said longitudinal shaft, wherein a first distance is defined between said first and second locations;
- a cutting tool selectively attachable to said distal end;
- a guide having a body that defines a second axis through an elongated opening, the guide including a locator member extending therefrom, wherein said locator member includes a spherical outer engaging surface and defines a concave recess on an inner surface that accommodates said cutting tool, said locator member being engageable to a first portion of the bone while said cutting tool engages a second portion of the bone during cutting;
- an arm operably connected between said body and said locating member, said arm having a first section that extends along a third axis that is parallel to and offset from said first and second axes; and
- wherein said guide is movable along said longitudinal shaft between said hub and said stop member, wherein said guide includes a handle concentric with said longitudinal shaft, said handle having an elongated grasping portion that extends a second distance along said longitudinal shaft, said second distance being at least half of said first distance.
11. The tool of claim 10 wherein said arm further includes a second section positioned intermediate said first section and said locating member and arranged at an angle relative to said first axis.
12. The tool of claim 11 wherein said arm includes a third section operatively coupled between said locator member and said second section, said third section extending along a fourth axis that is parallel to and offset from said third axis.
13. The tool of claim 11, further comprising a set of locator members selectively attachable to said arm.
14. The tool of claim 11, further comprising a set of integrally formed locator members and arms selectively attachable to said body.
15. The tool of claim 10 wherein said longitudinal shaft includes a stop member arranged thereon, said stop member moveable between an install position wherein said opening of said guide slidably passes entirely over said stop member and an operating position wherein said guide is precluded from advancing beyond said stop member.
16. The tool of claim 15 wherein said stop member is moved to a position that is substantially flush with said longitudinal shaft in said install position.
17. The tool of claim 15 wherein said stop member comprises a spring biased pin.
18. The tool of claim 17 wherein said longitudinal shaft is selectively translatable through said opening of said body in the operating position, said stop member engaging said guide.
19. The tool of claim 10 wherein said body includes a first and a second body defining a first and a second opening, respectively, for receiving said longitudinal shaft, wherein said first body is selectively attached to said guide such that said longitudinal shaft defines a first offset relative to said locator member and wherein said second body is selectively attached to said guide such that said longitudinal shaft defines a second offset relative to said locator member, wherein said first and second offsets are distinct.
20. A tool for reaming a cavity in bone comprising:
- a longitudinal shaft having a distal end and a proximal end, said longitudinal shaft extending alone a first axis;
- a cutting tool selectively attachable to said distal end;
- a stop member extending from said longitudinal shaft;
- a guide having a body that defines a second axis through an elongated opening, the guide including a unitarily formed locator member extending therefrom, wherein said locator member includes a spherical outer engaging surface and defines a concave recess on an inner surface that accommodates said cutting tool, said locator member being engageable to a first portion of the bone providing a reference point relative to said cutting tool while said cutting tool engages a second portion of the bone during cutting;
- an arm operably connected between said body and said locator member, said arm having a first section that extends along a third axis that is parallel to and offset from said first and second axes; and
- wherein said body is slidably advanced onto said longitudinal shaft through said opening from said proximal end to an operating location in an assembled position and wherein during advancement of said body, said stop member moves to a depressed location relative to said longitudinal member such that an inner diameter defined by said opening accommodates said longitudinal shaft and said stop member while said body advances over said stop member to said operating position.
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Type: Grant
Filed: Jun 14, 2006
Date of Patent: Mar 2, 2010
Patent Publication Number: 20080009874
Assignee: Biomet Manufacturing Corp. (Warsaw, IN)
Inventors: Jason D Meridew (Syracuse, IN), Kim S Parcher (Etna Green, IN)
Primary Examiner: Thomas C Barrett
Assistant Examiner: David W Bates
Attorney: Harness, Dickey
Application Number: 11/453,312