System and method for transmitting network packets adapted for multimedia streams
A system and a method for transmitting network packets are provided. The system includes an information module, a scheduling module, and a forwarding module. The information module receives and records media information of a plurality of multimedia streams. The scheduling module calculates a guaranteed bit rate of each multimedia stream according to the media information provided by the information module, and rearranges isochronous packets of the multimedia streams in the first time slots of a plurality of clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rates so that the transmission of the isochronous packets satisfies the guaranteed bit rates. The length of each clock cycle is a predetermined length. The length of the first time slot and the predetermined length are in a predetermined ratio. The forwarding module transmits all the packets of a clock cycle to a network at every a time interval of the predetermined length.
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This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 98144305, filed on Dec. 22, 2009. The entirety of the above-mentioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of specification.
BACKGROUND1. Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a system and a method for transmitting network packets adapted for transmitting isochronous packets of multimedia streams.
2. Description of Related Art
With development of digital home appliances, applications of enjoying high quality real-time video services through a network are greatly increased. For example, a residential Ethernet is used to connect every room in the home, and multimedia data in a digital versatile disc (DVD) player located in a bedroom can be viewed via a television located in a living room in real-time through network streaming. The conventional Ethernet applies a carrier sense multiple access communication protocol with collision detection (CSMA/CD) to compete with each other for the same bandwidth to transmit packets. Such mechanism is not suitable for transmitting time-sensitive packets such as video and audio files since a transmitting time is liable to be delayed to decrease a quality of service (QoS). Therefore, under an environment of limited bandwidth and in case that file transmission trends to be more complicated, to effectively adjust the bandwidth to increase a system performance is an important issue.
An institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.1 p/q is a standard established for resolving the transmission QoS issue, in which a tag of 4 bytes is added in a header of layer 2. The front two bytes are fixed to be 8100H, which serve as an identification of an Ethernet packet type. The first 3 bits of the next 2 bytes are used for storing priorities. A transmission packet can be classified into 8 priorities, and the higher priority denotes a higher sending priority. If the priorities of isochronous packets of a video/audio file are increased, the transmission delay of the conventional Ethernet due to that all of the packets have the same priority can be ameliorated.
A U.S. Patent application No. US2007/0025385 provides a concept of time slot to monitor an applicable bandwidth of the network, and a counter is used to count a time interval for transmitting the isochronous packets. When the applicable bandwidth is relatively great, a relatively fast bit rate is used to transmit the isochronous packets, and when the applicable bandwidth is relatively small, a relatively slow bit rate is used to transmit the isochronous packets.
SUMMARYIn one exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure is directed to a system and a method for transmitting network packets, in which a plenty of multimedia streams can be accommodated in a limited bandwidth, so as to achieve a better usage rate of the network bandwidth to guarantee a quality of service (QoS).
In one exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure provides a system for transmitting network packets. The system includes an information module, a scheduling module, and a forwarding module. The information module receives and records media information of a plurality of multimedia streams. The scheduling module calculates a guaranteed bit rate of each of the multimedia streams according to the media information provided by the information module, and rearranges isochronous packets of the multimedia streams in first time slots of a plurality of clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rates, so that the transmission of the isochronous packets satisfies the guaranteed bit rates. A length of each clock cycle is a predetermined length, and a length of the first time slot and the predetermined length are in a predetermined ratio. The forwarding module transmits all the packets of one of the clock cycles to a network at every a time interval of the predetermined length.
In one exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for transmitting network packets. The method is performed by a media server and can be described as follows. First, media information of a plurality of multimedia streams provided by the media server is received and recorded. A guaranteed bit rate of each of the multimedia streams is calculated according to the media information. Isochronous packets of the multimedia streams are rearranged in first time slots of a plurality of clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rates, so that the transmission of the isochronous packets satisfies the guaranteed bit rates. Then, all the packets of one of the clock cycles are transmitted to a network at every a time interval of a predetermined length.
In order to make the aforementioned and other features and advantages of the present disclosure comprehensible, several exemplary embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiment of
The system 200 for transmitting network packets includes a classification module 210, an information module 220, a scheduling module 230, a fragmentation module 240, a synchronization module 250, and a forwarding module 260. A network interface module 270 is an interface between the system 200 for transmitting network packets and a network. The classification module 210 stores an asynchronous queue 212 and a plurality of isochronous queues 214, wherein each of the isochronous queues 214 corresponds to one of four multimedia streams S1-S4 provided by the media server. Although four isochronous queues 214 and four multimedia streams S1-S4 are illustrated in
Then, the classification module 210 receives packets from the application layer, and classifies a type of the received packet, and stores each isochronous packet of the received multimedia streams S1-S4 into a corresponding one of the isochronous queues 214 according to the media information provided by the information module 220 (step 420), and further stores received asynchronous packets into the asynchronous queue 212 (step 430). In the present embodiment, each of the isochronous packets includes the session ID of the corresponding multimedia stream. The classification module 210 receives the media information provided by the information module 220, and allocates four corresponding isochronous queues 214 according to the session IDs in the media information of the multimedia streams S1-S4. The classification module 210 further compares the session IDs of the isochronous packets with the session IDs of the multimedia streams S1-S4, so as to store each isochronous packet into the corresponding isochronous queue 214 of the corresponding multimedia stream.
For example, the rearranging module 234 may arrange enough isochronous packets to satisfy the guaranteed bit rates in the first time slot of each clock cycle according to the guaranteed bit rates of the multimedia streams S1-S4. As shown in
If a guaranteed bit rate required by a certain multimedia stream is 2X bytes per clock cycle, the rearranging module 234 arranges two isochronous packets of such multimedia stream in each clock cycle, so as to guarantee the guaranteed bit rate.
Next, the forwarding module 260 transmits all of the packets of a current clock cycle to the network at every a time interval of the clock cycle according to the transmitting sequence arranged by the rearranging module 234, as that shown in
If there is a plurality of the same systems for transmitting network packets in a local network, the synchronization module 250 can ensure that these systems for transmitting network packets do not affect the transmission quality of service (QoS) to each other. The synchronization modules 250 of the systems for transmitting network packets can mutually exchange the respective media information, i.e. synchronize the media information of all of the multimedia streams in the whole network. In this case, the scheduling module 230 does not rearrange the isochronous packets only according to the media information of the multimedia streams provided by the media server to which the scheduling module 230 belongs, but rearranges the isochronous packets in the first time slots of each clock cycle according to the media information of all of the multimedia streams in the whole network.
According to a fragmentation mechanism of the fragmentation module 240, a remaining bandwidth of each clock cycle can be used to transmit more packets. The fragmentation mechanism of the isochronous packets is shown as
A fragmentation mechanism of the asynchronous packets is shown as
In summary, according to the aforementioned system and method for transmitting network packets, a plenty of multimedia streams can be accommodated in the limited bandwidth. The media servers of the same network can mutually exchange media information, so that they do not influence each other's respective transmission QoS. According to the packet fragmentation mechanism, the packets can be arranged into the remaining bandwidth, so that the usage rate of the network bandwidth is increased, and the QoS is guaranteed.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present disclosure cover modifications and variations of this disclosure provided they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A system for transmitting network packets, comprising:
- an information module, receiving and recording media information of a plurality of multimedia streams provided by a first media server and a second media server, wherein the media information comprises a frame rate and a frame size of each of the multimedia streams;
- a scheduling module, calculating a guaranteed bit rate of each of the multimedia streams according to the frame rate and the frame size, rearranging isochronous packets of the multimedia streams in first time slots of a plurality of clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rates so that the transmission of the isochronous packets satisfies the guaranteed bit rates of all of the multimedia streams, determining a transmitting sequence of the isochronous packets in each of the clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rate of each of the multimedia streams such that each of the clock cycles includes the isochronous packets provided by both of the first media server and the second media server, and using a linked list to link the isochronous packets provided by the first media server in each of the clock cycles according to the transmitting sequence, wherein a length of each of the clock cycles is a predetermined length, a length of the first time slot and the predetermined length are in a predetermined ratio; and
- a forwarding module, transmitting all the packets of a current one of the clock cycles provided by the first media server to a network according to the transmitting sequence at every a time interval of the predetermined length, wherein the isochronous packets provided by the first media server transmitted in each even one of the clock cycles are more than the isochronous packets provided by the first media server transmitted in each odd one of the clock cycles, and the isochronous packets provided by the second media server transmitted in each odd one of the clock cycles are more than the isochronous packets provided by the second media server transmitted in each even one of the clock cycles.
2. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
- a synchronization module, synchronizing the media information of all of the multimedia streams in the network, wherein the scheduling module rearranges the isochronous packets in the first time slots of the clock cycles according to the media information of all of the multimedia streams in the network.
3. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
- a classification module, storing a plurality of isochronous queues, wherein each of the isochronous queues corresponds to one of the multimedia streams, and the classification module stores each of the isochronous packets provided by the first media server into one of the isochronous queues according to the media information provided by the information module.
4. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 3, wherein the media information of each of the multimedia streams comprises a session ID, each of the isochronous packets comprises the session ID of the corresponding multimedia stream, and the classification module allocates the isochronous queues according to the session IDs provided by the information module, and further stores each of the isochronous packets provided by the first media server into the corresponding isochronous queue of the corresponding multimedia stream according to the session ID of the particular isochronous packet.
5. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 3, wherein each of the isochronous queues is a linked list.
6. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 3, further comprising:
- a fragmentation module, wherein when an isochronous packet is waiting to be transmitted in a clock cycle while a bandwidth of the first time slot of the clock cycle is insufficient, the scheduling module activates the fragmentation module, and the fragmentation module divides the isochronous packet into a plurality of small packets according to remaining bandwidth of the first time slots of the clock cycle and follow-up clock cycles, and then the scheduling module arranges the small packets into the remaining bandwidth of the first time slots of the clock cycle and the follow-up clock cycles.
7. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 3, wherein the classification module further stores an asynchronous queue, and the classification module stores received asynchronous packets into the asynchronous queue.
8. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 7, wherein each of the clock cycles comprises the first time slot and a second time slot, and the forwarding module uses the first time slot to transmit the isochronous packets of a current clock cycle, and uses the second time slot to transmit the asynchronous packets in the asynchronous queue.
9. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 7, wherein when there is no isochronous packet to be transmitted in a clock cycle, or when transmission of the isochronous packets of the clock cycle has been completed before the first time slot ends, the forwarding module switches immediately to transmit the asynchronous packets in the asynchronous queue.
10. The system for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
- a fragmentation module, wherein when an asynchronous packet is waiting to be transmitted in a clock cycle while a bandwidth of a second time slot of the clock cycle is insufficient, the scheduling module activates the fragmentation module, and the fragmentation module divides the asynchronous packet into a plurality of small packets according to remaining bandwidth of the second time slots of the clock cycle and follow-up clock cycles, and then the scheduling module arranges the small packets into the remaining bandwidth of the second time slots of the clock cycle and the follow-up clock cycles.
11. A method for transmitting network packets, performed by a first media server, comprising:
- receiving and recording media information of a plurality of multimedia streams provided by the first media server and a second media server, wherein the media information comprises a frame rate and a frame size of each of the multimedia streams;
- calculating a guaranteed bit rate of each of the multimedia streams according to the frame rate and the frame size;
- rearranging isochronous packets of the multimedia streams in first time slots of a plurality of clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rates, so that transmission of the isochronous packets satisfies the guaranteed bit rates of all of the multimedia streams, wherein a length of each of the clock cycles is a predetermined length, and a length of the first time slot and the predetermined length are in a predetermined ratio;
- determining a transmitting sequence of the isochronous packets in each of the clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rate of each of the multimedia streams such that each of the clock cycles includes the isochronous packets provided by both of the first media server and the second media server;
- using a linked list to link the isochronous packets provided by the first media server in each of the clock cycles according to the transmitting sequence; and
- transmitting all the packets of a current one of the clock cycles provided by the first media server to a network according to the transmitting sequence at every a time interval of the predetermined length, wherein the isochronous packets provided by the first media server transmitted in each even one of the clock cycles are more than the isochronous packets provided by the first media server transmitted in each odd one of the clock cycles, and the isochronous packets provided by the second media server transmitted in each odd one of the clock cycles are more than the isochronous packets provided by the second media server transmitted in each even one of the clock cycles.
12. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:
- synchronizing the media information of all of the multimedia streams in the network; and
- rearranging the isochronous packets in the first time slots of the clock cycles according to the media information of all of the multimedia streams in the network.
13. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:
- storing a plurality of isochronous queues, wherein each of the isochronous queues corresponds to one of the multimedia streams; and
- storing each of the isochronous packets provided by the first media server into one of the isochronous queues according to the media information.
14. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 13, wherein the media information of each of the multimedia streams comprises a session ID, each of the isochronous packets comprises the session ID of the corresponding multimedia stream, and the method for transmitting network packets further comprises:
- allocating the isochronous queues according to the session IDs; and
- storing each of the isochronous packet provided by the first media server into the corresponding isochronous queue of the corresponding multimedia stream according to the session ID of the particular isochronous packet.
15. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 13, wherein each of the isochronous queues is a linked list.
16. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 13, further comprising:
- dividing an isochronous packet into a plurality of small packets according to remaining bandwidth of the first time slots of a clock cycle and follow-up clock cycles when the isochronous packet is waiting to be transmitted in the clock cycle while a bandwidth of the first time slot of the clock cycle is insufficient; and
- arranging the small packets into the remaining bandwidth of the first time slots of the clock cycle and the follow-up clock cycles.
17. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 13, further comprising:
- storing an asynchronous queue; and
- storing received asynchronous packets into the asynchronous queue.
18. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 17, wherein each of the clock cycles comprises the first time slot and a second time slot, and the method for transmitting network packets further comprises:
- using the first time slot to transmit the isochronous packets of the current clock cycle; and
- using the second time slot to transmit the asynchronous packets in the asynchronous queue.
19. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 17, further comprising:
- immediately switching to transmit the asynchronous packets in the asynchronous queue when there is no isochronous packet to be transmitted in a clock cycle, or when transmission of the isochronous packets of the clock cycle has been completed before the first time slot ends.
20. The method for transmitting network packets as claimed in claim 17, further comprising:
- dividing an asynchronous packet into a plurality of small packets according to remaining bandwidth of second time slots of a clock cycle and follow-up clock cycles when the asynchronous packet is waiting to be transmitted in the clock cycle while a bandwidth of the second time slot of the clock cycle is insufficient; and
- arranging the small packets into the remaining bandwidth of the second time slots of the clock cycle and the follow-up clock cycles.
21. A system for transmitting network packets, comprising:
- an information module, receiving and recording media information of a plurality of multimedia streams provided by a first media server and a second media server;
- a scheduling module, calculating a guaranteed bit rate of each of the multimedia streams according to the media information provided by the information module, and rearranging isochronous packets of the multimedia streams in first time slots of a plurality of clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rates, so that the transmission of the isochronous packets satisfies the guaranteed bit rates of all of the multimedia streams, wherein a length of each clock cycle is a predetermined length, and a length of the first time slot and the predetermined length are in a predetermined ratio;
- a forwarding module, transmitting all the packets of a current one of the clock cycles provided by the first media server to a network at every a time interval of the predetermined length, wherein the isochronous packets provided by the first media server transmitted in each even one of the clock cycles are more than the isochronous packets provided by the first media server transmitted in each odd one of the clock cycles, and the isochronous packets provided by the second media server transmitted in each odd one of the clock cycles are more than the isochronous packets provided by the second media server transmitted in each even one of the clock cycles; and
- a fragmentation module, wherein when an isochronous packet is waiting to be transmitted in a clock cycle while a bandwidth of the first time slot of the clock cycle is insufficient, the scheduling module activates the fragmentation module, and the fragmentation module divides the isochronous packet into a plurality of small packets according to remaining bandwidth of the first time slots of the clock cycle and follow-up clock cycles, and then the scheduling module arranges the small packets into the remaining bandwidth of the first time slots of the clock cycle and the follow-up clock cycles, wherein when an asynchronous packet is waiting to be transmitted in a clock cycle while a bandwidth of a second time slot of the clock cycle is insufficient, the scheduling module activates the fragmentation module, and the fragmentation module divides the asynchronous packet into a plurality of small packets according to remaining bandwidth of the second time slots of the clock cycle and follow-up clock cycles, and then the scheduling module arranges the small packets into the remaining bandwidth of the second time slots of the clock cycle and the follow-up clock cycles.
22. A method for transmitting network packets, performed by a first media server, comprising:
- receiving and recording media information of a plurality of multimedia streams provided by the first media server and a second media server;
- calculating a guaranteed bit rate of each of the multimedia streams according to the media information;
- rearranging isochronous packets of the multimedia streams in first time slots of a plurality of clock cycles according to the guaranteed bit rates, so that transmission of the isochronous packets satisfies the guaranteed bit rates of all of the multimedia streams, wherein a length of each of the clock cycles is a predetermined length, and a length of the first time slot and the predetermined length are in a predetermined ratio;
- transmitting all the packets of a current one of the clock cycles provided by the first media server to a network at every a time interval of the predetermined length, wherein the isochronous packets provided by the first media server transmitted in each even one of the clock cycles are more than the isochronous packets provided by the first media server transmitted in each odd one of the clock cycles, and the isochronous packets provided by the second media server transmitted in each odd one of the clock cycles are more than the isochronous packets provided by the second media server transmitted in each even one of the clock cycles;
- dividing an isochronous packet into a plurality of first small packets according to remaining bandwidth of the first time slots of a clock cycle and follow-up clock cycles when the isochronous packet is waiting to be transmitted in the clock cycle while a bandwidth of the first time slot of the clock cycle is insufficient;
- arranging the first small packets into the remaining bandwidth of the first time slots of the clock cycle and the follow-up clock cycles;
- dividing an asynchronous packet into a plurality of second small packets according to remaining bandwidth of second time slots of a clock cycle and follow-up clock cycles when the asynchronous packet is waiting to be transmitted in the clock cycle while a bandwidth of the second time slot of the clock cycle is insufficient; and
- arranging the second small packets into the remaining bandwidth of the second time slots of the clock cycle and the follow-up clock cycles.
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Type: Grant
Filed: Mar 8, 2010
Date of Patent: May 20, 2014
Patent Publication Number: 20110149967
Assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute (Hsinchu)
Inventors: Chi-Chun Chen (Hsinchu), Lung-Chih Kuo (Tainan County), Zhong-Zhen Wu (Kaohsiung)
Primary Examiner: Marsha D Banks Harold
Assistant Examiner: Christopher Wyllie
Application Number: 12/719,020
International Classification: H04L 12/43 (20060101); H04L 12/28 (20060101);