Common name: Japanese gentian.
Botanical classification: Gentiana L. hybrid.
Variety denomination: ‘Ashiro 29-2005’.
BACKGROUND OF THE NEW VARIETY The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Japanese gentian, Gentiana L., which has been given the variety denomination ‘Ashiro 29-2005’.
This new gentian is a double flower type and has about 1-2 (1.5 on average) side shoots with only one node. It is adapted for use as cut flowers or pot flowers.
ORIGIN OF THE VARIETY The variety resulted from a multiple-step cross-breeding program starting from a group of unpatented varieties. The ancestor varieties were unpatented strains owned by the applicant, having the company-internal names: ‘17INP’ which belongs to the species Gentiana triflora, and ‘26-904’, ‘12-316-3’, ‘17SUP’, and ‘8-130SP6A1’, which belong to the species Gentiana scabra. Group crosses and/or self-crosses with a single individual were performed. The program had seven steps, as shown in the map of FIG. 6, which also indicates the company-internal names of the intermediary, unpatented strains. At each step, the individuals with good plant and flower shape were selected. The corresponding species identification is ((scabra x triflora) x scabra)) x ((scabra x triflora) x scabra)).
With respect to the direct parents ‘28-2001’ and ‘27-836-18’, the instant variety ‘Ashiro 29-2005’ has a triploid and double-flowered flower type, whereas ‘28-2001’ has tetraploid and single-flowered flower type, and ‘27-836-18’ has diploid and double-flowered flower type.
The multiple-step cross-breeding program was performed over multiple growing seasons up to 2018; in September 2018, selection of the variety was performed. We asexually reproduced the variety by vegetative reproduction through cuttings, tissue culturing via lateral bud culture, and in October 2020, the new variety was found to be stable and asexually reproduced true to type in successive generations.
The variety was developed and propagated in Iwate, Japan.
The variety can be propagated by cutting (optimal timing is mid-February) and/or tissue culturing via lateral bud culture.
Cultivation of the variety does not require particular conditions. Maintenance and storage method of the plant material can be by tissue culture via lateral bud culture.
The variety is adapted for use as cut flowers or pot flowers.
SUMMARY OF THE VARIETY The variety is distinguished by double flower type and has about 1-2 (1.5 on average) side shoots with only one node, as compared to ‘Shine Blue Ashiro’ variety which is single flower type and has about 6 side shoots with only one node. ‘Shine Blue Ashiro’ is unpatented.
A comparison with ‘Shine Blue Ashiro’ variety is presented as follows in Table 1:
TABLE 1
‘Shine Blue Ashiro’ ‘Ashiro 29-2005’
Flower type Single double
Number of side shoots with 6 1-2
only one node (1.5 on average)
Additional distinguishing characteristics of the ‘Ashiro 29-2005’ plant are the five (5.0 on average) lobes of the paracorolla, and the strong purplish-blue color (94B on R.H.S. Colour Chart) of the secondary lobes with acute apex in-between the main lobes of the corolla.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the accompanying drawings, which are as nearly true as is reasonable possible to make in a color illustration of this type:
FIG. 1 is a color photograph showing the ‘Ashiro 29-2005’ plant as grown in a culturing bed;
FIG. 2 is a color photograph showing flowers of the ‘Ashiro 29-2005’ plant;
FIG. 3 is a color photograph showing flowering stages of flowers of the ‘Ashiro 29-2005’ plant;
FIG. 4 is a color photograph showing petals of flowers of the ‘Ashiro 29-2005’ plant;
FIG. 5 is another color photograph showing flowers of the ‘Ashiro 29-2005’ plant;
FIG. 6 is a map showing the steps of the cross-breeding program from which the variety was obtained.
Due to chemical and/or digital development, processing and printing, the plants or portions of plants depicted in the photographs may or may not be precisely accurate, when compared to the actual botanical specimens.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The plants in the botanical description below and shown in the Figures were grown in Iwate, Japan. The plants were collected in October 2020 at age 16 months.
Colors are given according to The 2015 R.H.S. Colour Chart.
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION TABLE 2
Stem Length: 57.8 cm
Thickness (main flowering 4.1 mm
stem):
Number of flowering stems 27.6
per plant (average):
Texture: smooth
Color: light yellow green (145B
on RHS Colour Chart)
Anthocyanin coloration at two absent
thirds from base:
Number of internodes longer 17.8
than 5 mm (average):
Length of internode in central 3.4 cm
third:
Side shoots: present
Number of side shoots with 1.5
only one node (average):
Number of side shoots with 4.0
more than one node (average):
Length of side shoots (average): 21.8 cm
Diameter of side shoots 2.5 mm
(average):
Texture of side shoots: smooth
Color of side shoots: light yellow green (145C
on RHS Colour Chart)
Position of longest leaf: in central third
Leaf Length: 7.2 cm
Leaf arrangement: opposite leaf
arrangement
Leaf attachment: sessile
Leaf apex: acuminate
Leaf margin: entire
Leaf base: rounded
Leaf texture (inner side): smooth
Leaf texture (outer side): smooth
Leaf color (inner side): moderate olive green
(137A on RHS Colour
Chart)
Leaf color (outer side): light yellow green (138D
on RHS Colour Chart)
Leaf venation pattern: parallel venation (three
lines)
Leaf venation color: light yellow green (150D
on RHS Colour Chart)
Width: 3.1 cm
Shape: lanceolate
Shape in cross section: folded upwards
Shape in longitudinal section: convex
Twisting: absent
Number of conspicuous veins: 3
Anthocyanin coloration: present, dark greyish red
(N186C on RHS Colour
Chart)
Inflorescence Distribution of flowers: clustered
Position of flowers: terminal and axillary
Number of inflorescences 197.3
per plant per season (average):
Plant: Number of terminal flowers 10.7
(average):
Typical growth habit: erect
Plant height (average): 57.8 cm
Plant spread (average): 43.0 cm
Plant shape: erect
Number of flowers per top: 10.7
inflorescence: others: 2.8
Number of flowers at central 2.8
flowering node (average):
Number of flowering node: 4.6
Flower bud Shape of bud: narrow oval
(about 4 days
before
flowering)
Length of bud (average): 39.5 mm
Diameter of bud (average): 9.3 mm
Color of bud: light purple (N82C on
RHS Colour Chart)
Flower Type: double
Time of flowering: early October
Flower longevity (potted plant): 11 days
Flower longevity (cut flower): 8 days
Corolla Depth: 47.1 mm
Diameter at middle third: 14.8 mm
Shape: campanulate
Diameter at top: 29.5 mm
Curvature of lobes: reflexed
Margin of lobes: entire
Texture of lobes: smooth
Color of outer side of lobes: very light purple (85C on
RHS Colour Chart)
Color of inner side of lobes: brilliant purplish blue
(94C on RHS Colour
Chart)
Tube length (average): 26.7 mm
Tube texture: smooth
Color of inner side of tube: very pale purple (85D on
RHS Colour Chart)
Color of upper part of brilliant purplish blue
inner side of tube: (94C on RHS Colour
Chart)
Color of outer side of tube: very light purple (85C on
RHS Colour Chart)
Color of upper part of light purple (85A on RHS
outer side of tube: Colour Chart)
Streaked pattern on outer present
side of tube:
Color of streaked pattern on light purple (N82C on
outer side of tube: RHS Colour Chart)
Number of lobes: 5
Length of lobes: 10.7 mm
Width of lobes: 10.2 mm
Shape of lobes: ovate
Shape of distal end of lobes: acute
Presence of secondary lobes: present
Shape of secondary lobes: acute
Shape of secondary lobe apex: acute
Margin of secondary lobes: entire
Length of secondary lobes 2.4 mm
(average):
Width of secondary lobes 3.3 mm
(average):
Texture of secondary lobes: smooth
Color of secondary lobes: strong purplish-blue (94B
on RHS Colour Chart) for
both surfaces
Paracorolla Presence of paracorolla: present
Number of paracorolla lobes 5.0
(average):
Calyx Anthocyanin coloration: absent
Length of tube: 14.5 mm
Diameter of tube: 5.6 mm
Shape of tube: funnel-shaped
Texture of tube (inner side): smooth
Texture of tube (outer side): slightly wrinkled
Shape of lobe: narrow lanceolate
Sepal Sepal number: 5
Sepal lobe shape: narrow lanceolate
Sepal length (average): 13.6 mm
Sepal width (average): 2.4 mm
Sepal apex: acute
Sepal margin: entire
Sepal texture (inner side): smooth
Sepal texture (outer side): smooth
Sepal color (inner side): deep yellowish green
(141A on the RHS Colour
Chart)
Sepal color (outer side): light yellow green (138D
on the RHS Colour Chart)
Reproductive Stamens and anther: stamens are mutated into
organs petals and there is no
anther
Pistil number: 1
Pistil length (average): 33.69 mm
Stigma (none)
Style (none)
Ovary color: light yellow green (145C
on RHS Colour Chart)
Roots Root shape: fine and fibrous
Pedicel No pedicel
Peduncle Peduncle length (average): 1.1 mm
Peduncle diameter (average): 2.09 mm
Peduncle texture: smooth
Peduncle color: light yellow green (145C
on RHS Colour Chart)
In the above chart, specific numbers correspond to average values.
Other features of the plant are as follows:
- Disease resistance: Normal resistance was observed for pests and diseases in Iwate, Japan, using pest control by chemical spraying for gentian.
- Cold hardiness: Strong, the variety can withstand winter in Iwate, Japan, including low temperatures of about −10° C. with abundant snow.
- Heat tolerance: Normal, the variety can withstand summer in Iwate, Japan, including high temperatures of about 35° C.
- Flower fragrance: Absent.
