Strawberry plant named ‘USDA Lumina’

This invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of strawberry plant named ‘USDA Lumina’. The new early-season cultivar is primarily characterized by large, bright, glossy, sweet fruits resistant to anthracnose fruit rot.

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Description

Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: ‘USDA LUMINA’ is a new strawberry plant that is Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier.

Variety denomination: The new strawberry plant claimed is of the variety denominated ‘USDA Lumina’ Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier.

BACKGROUND OF THE NEW PLANT

The present invention relates to a new and distinct strawberry cultivar designated ‘USDA Lumina’. This new strawberry cultivar was discovered in Beltsville, Maryland, in Spring 2019 and originated from a cross between the female parent B2475 (unpatented) and the male parent B2197 (unpatented). The original seedling of the new cultivar was asexually propagated in Beltsville since 2019 by rooting daughter plants from stolons of the mother plant. The present invention has been found to be stable and reproduce true to type through successive asexual propagations rooting daughter plants from stolons.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The cultivar ‘USDA Lumina’ is an early-season strawberry cultivar resistant to anthracnose fruit rot. Fruit yields are higher than other early-season cultivars. It has sweet fruit which are very attractive, brightly colored, glossy, and with uniform symmetry.

DESCRIPTIONS OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

The accompanying color photographs show typical specimens of the new cultivar at various stages of development as nearly true as it is possible to make color reproductions.

FIG. 1 shows a six-plant plot of ‘USDA Lumina’ during fruiting.

FIG. 2 shows the uniform shape and variation in size of ‘USDA Lumina’ fruit from a single harvest of a six-plant plot.

FIG. 3 shows the glossiness of ‘USDA Lumina’ fruit.

 DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW CULTIVAR

The following description of ‘USDA Lumina’ is based on observations taken from 2020 through 2023 growing seasons in in evaluations in Beltsville, Maryland, 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 7b. This description is in accordance with UPOV terminology. Color designations, color descriptions, and other phenotypical descriptions may deviate from the stated values and descriptions, depending on variation in environmental, seasonal, climatic, and cultural conditions. ‘USDA Lumina’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The botanical description of ‘USDA Lumina’ was taken from plants nine months after establishment in the field. Color terminology follows The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart, London (R.H.S.86).

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

Table 1 shows selected characteristics of the new cultivar compared with plant characteristics of ‘Earliglow’ (unpatented) and ‘Galletta’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 19,763). Characteristics include fruit diameter and length, and the length/width ratio, average fruit weight, sweetness (Brix), acidity (pH and TA), and yield (weight and berry number).

TABLE 1 ‘USDA Characteristic Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ ‘Galletta’ Diameter fruit (cm) 5.0 3.8 4.8 Length fruit (cm) 3.9 3.6 3.6 Ratio fruit length/width 1.3 1.1 1.3 Weight fruit (g) 14.1  6.9 17.1  Brix (percent soluble solids)  9.13 10.87  8.07 pH  3.73  3.67  3.58 Titratable acidity (TA)  0.92  1.01  0.89 Yield (kg/plant)  1.00  0.55  0.86 Yield (non-decayed berries/plant) 53.9  73.7  43.6 

Table 2 shows plant characteristics of the new cultivar compared with plant characteristics of ‘Earliglow’ and ‘Galletta’. Plant characteristics include plant height, diameter, number of crowns per plant, habit, density of individual plants and vigor.

TABLE 2 ‘USDA Characteristic Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ ‘Galletta’ Plant height (cm) 23.5  20.8  18.5  Plant diameter (cm) 46.2  45.5  37.7  Number of crowns 5.3 4.2 2.5 plant Habit Upright open Upright open Upright open globose globose globose Density of indi- Medium to Medium Not dense vidual plant dense Vigor Medium to Medium to Medium strong strong

Table 3 shows leaf characteristics of the new cultivar compared with leaf characteristics of ‘Earliglow’ and ‘Galletta’. Leaf characteristics include leaf type, leaf shape, leaf length, leaf width, terminal leaflet length, terminal leaflet width, terminal leaflet length to width ratio, leaf margins, shape of teeth, leaf serrations per leaflet, upper and lower leaf surface color, number of leaflets, terminal leaflet apex shape, terminal leaflet base shape, glossiness upper side leaf surface, texture upper side leaf surface, texture underside leaf surface, and leaf arrangement.

TABLE 3 ‘USDA Characteristic Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ ‘Galletta’ Leaf type Semi- Semi- Semi- evergreen evergreen evergreen Leaf shape Trifoliolate Trifoliolate Trifoliolate with ovate with ovate with ovate leaflets leaflets leaflets touching touching touching to over- to over- to over- lapping lapping lapping Leaf length (cm) 12.8 15.0 12.9 Leaf width (cm) 16.0 17.3 15.9 Terminal leaflet 8.7 8.8 8.3 length (cm) Terminal leaflet 6.9 7.8 7.1 width (cm) Terminal leaflet 1.3 1.1 1.2 length width ratio Leaf margins Serrate Serrate Serrate Shape of teeth Apiculate Apiculate Apiculate Leaf serrations 27.7 26.8 26.3 per leaflet Color mature Yellow-Green Green Green leaves upper Group 146A Group 137A Group 137A surface Color mature Yellow-Green Green Green leaves lower Group 147B Group 137C Group 137C surface Number of 3 3 3 leaflets Terminal leaflet Obtuse Obtuse Obtuse apex shape Terminal leaflet Acute cuneate Acute cuneate Acute cuneate base shape Glossiness upper Semi-gloss Semi-gloss Semi-gloss side leaf surface Texture upper Very slightly Very slightly Very slightly side leaf surface rugose rugose rugose Texture under- Very slightly Very slightly Very slightly side leaf surface reticulate reticulate reticulate Leaf arrange- Individual tri- Individual tri- Individual tri- ment foliate leaves foliate leaves foliate leaves attached to attached to attached to compressed compressed compressed stem (crown) stem (crown) stem (crown) at ground at ground at ground level level level

Table 4 shows information about the petiole, the petiolule, the bract and the stipule of the new cultivar compared to ‘Farliglow’ and ‘Galletta’. This includes petiole length, petiole diameter, petiole pubescence, petiole color, petiolule color, petiolule length, petiole hair attitude, bract frequency and color, texture petiole, and stipule length, width and color.

TABLE 4 Charac- ‘USDA teristic Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ ‘Galletta’ Leaf petiole 15.0  16.9  12.6  length (cm) Petiole dia-  0.36  0.32  0.41 meter (cm) Petiole tex- Smooth Smooth Smooth ture Petiole Sparse Very sparse Moderately pubescence dense Petiole hair Upwards to Outwards Outwards attitude outwards Petiole Yellow Green Yellow Green Yellow Green color Group 144A Group 144B Group 144B Petiolule Yellow Green Yellow Green Yellow Green color Group 144A Group 144B Group 144B Petiolule  0.84  0.52  0.58 length (cm) Bract 1 to 2 per 1 to 2 per 1 to 2 per frequency florescence, florescence, florescence, generally generally generally unifoliate unifoliate unifoliate Bract color Yellow Green Yellow Green Yellow Green Group 144A Group 144B Group 144B Stipule 3.6 3.1 2.8 length (cm) Stipule  0.59  0.49  0.70 width (cm) Stipule color Yellow Green Yellow Green Yellow Green Group 144A, Group 144B, Group 144B, Grayish Red Grayish Red Grayish Red Group 182B Group 182B Group 182B

Table 5 shows stolon characteristics of the new cultivar compared to ‘Farliglow’ and ‘Galletta’. These characteristics include the number of stolons, the anthocyanin coloration of the stolons, the thickness of the stolons, and the pubescence of the stolons.

TABLE 5 ‘USDA Characteristic Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ ‘Galletta’ Stolon pro- 9.3 2.3 7.7 duction per plant Stolon color Yellow Green Yellow Green Yellow Green Group 144A, Group 144B, Group 144B, Grayish Red Grayish Red Grayish Red Group 182B Group 182B Group 182B Stolon antho- Medium Strong Medium cyanin Stolon thick-  0.27  0.28  0.26 ness (cm) Stolon Medium Medium Medium pubescence

Table 6 shows inflorescence characteristics of the new cultivar compared to ‘Earliglow’ and ‘Galletta’. These characteristics include inflorescence position relative to foliage, flower type, flower size, petal shape, relative petal spacing, petal apex shape, petal margin, petal base shape, petal length, petal width, petal length/width ratio, number of petals, petal color, Stigma color, style color, anther color, filament color, and flower truss type.

TABLE 6 ‘USDA Characteristic Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ ‘Galletta’ Inflorescence Slightly below Level to slightly Slightly below position to level above to level Flower type Complete Complete Complete simple simple simple Flower dia- 3.1 2.3 1.9 meter (cm) Petal shape Circular to Circular to Circular to obovate obovate obovate Petal spacing Overlapping Separate to Overlapping overlapping Petal apex shape Circular Circular Circular Petal margin Entire Entire Entire Petal base shape Obovate Obovate Obovate Petal length (cm) 1.16 0.91 0.82 Petal width (cm) 1.14 0.74 0.93 Petal length/ 1.02 1.25 0.88 width ratio Petal count 5.0 5.0 5.2 Petal color White Group White Group White Group 155D 155D 155D Stigma color Yellow-Orange Yellow-Green Yellow-Orange Group 20C Group 150C Group 18B Style color Yellow-Green Yellow-Green Yellow-Green Group 150B Group 154B Group 151D Anther color Yellow-Orange Yellow-Orange Yellow-Orange Group 20A Group 21A Group 21B Filament color Yellow-Green Yellow-Green Yellow-Green Group 150C Group 154C Group 154D Anther count 23.6 22.3 24.6 Blooming habit Cyme Cyme Cyme

Table 7 shows fruit characteristics of the new cultivar compared to ‘Earliglow’ and ‘Galletta’. These characteristics include number of berries per truss, fruiting truss attitude, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit length/width ratio, fruit weight, relative fruit size, predominant fruit shape, difference in shape between primary and secondary fruit, band without achenes, evenness of fruit surface, top color, non-blush side color, blush side color, internal color, achene color, achene count per fruit, insertion of calyx, pose of calyx segments, size of calyx in relation to fruit, ease of calyx removal, firmness of flesh, evenness of flesh color, distribution of flesh color, sweetness, acidity, Brix, pH, titratable acidity, texture when tasted, time of flowering, harvest maturity (50% of plants with ripe fruit), type of bearing, and yield.

TABLE 7 ‘USDA Characteristic Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ ‘Galletta’ Number of berries 5.0 7.7 5.7 per fruiting truss Fruiting truss Prostrate Prostrate Prostrate attitude Diameter fruit 5.0 3.8 4.8 (cm) Length fruit (cm) 3.9 3.6 3.6 Ratio fruit length/ 1.3 1.1 1.3 width Weight fruit (g) 14.1 6.9 17.1 Relative fruit size Medium to Small Medium to Large Large Predominant fruit Ovate to Conic with Ovate to shape conic neck conic Difference in None, uni- None, uni- Moderate, shape between form form primaries have primary and some ridging secondary fruits Band without Slight Moderate None to achenes slight Evenness of fruit Even to Slightly Even to surface slightly uneven slightly uneven uneven Color of top of Red Group Red Group Red Group fruit 44A 46B 45A Blush side color Red Group Red Group Red Group 45A 46A 46A Non-blush side Red Group Red Group Red Group color 44B 44A 45A Internal flesh Orange-White White Group Orange-White color Group 159D, 155D, Red Group 159D, Red Group Group 44A Red Group 44A, 44A, Red Red Group 44C Group 44C Achene position At surface At surface At surface to slightly raised Achene color Red Group Red Group 46B, Yellow-Green 45A, Yellow Yellow-Green Group 153B, Group 153A, Group 152C, Greyed-Orange Yellow-Green Greyed-Orange Group 166B Group 152C Group 166A Achene count 305 252 304 Insertion of At surface Necked At surface calyx to slightly to necked necked Pose of calyx Reflexed Reflexed Reflexed segments Size of calyx Smaller to Same to Same to in relation to slightly larger slightly larger slightly larger fruit Ease of calyx Difficult Difficult Difficult removal Firmness of Medium to Medium Medium to flesh firm firm Evenness of Uneven Uneven Uneven flesh color Distribution Red Group 44C Red Group 44A Red Group 44C of flesh color core, Orange- core, then White core, Orange- White Group Group 155D halo White Group 159D halo, area and radiant lines, 159D area near near calyx, and through Red calyx and radiant radiant lines, Group 44A lines through Red through Red outer ring Group 44A outer Group 44A ring outer ring Sweetness Sweet Very sweet Mild Acidity Mild Medium Tart Brix (percent 9.13 10.87 8.07 soluble solids) pH 3.73 3.67 3.58 Titratable 0.92 1.01 0.89 acidity (TA) Texture when Smooth to Fine, some- Fine, some- tasted Creamy what smooth what smooth, slightly gummy Time of April to April to April to flowering May May May Harvest matur- Mid to late Mid to late Mid to late ity (50% of May May May plant with ripe fruit) Type of Short Day/ Short Day/ Short Day/ bearing June Bearing June Bearing June Bearing Yield (non- 53.9 73.7 43.6 decayed berries/ plant) Yield (kg/plant) 1.00 0.55 0.86

Table 8 shows the fruit quality of the new cultivar compared to ‘Earliglow’ and ‘Galletta’ after one week and two weeks in refrigerated storage. The postharvest fruit quality characteristics include the percentage of stored fruits that are marketable, degraded, or rotted after one week and two weeks in refrigerated storage.

TABLE 8 Percentage marketable Percentage degraded Cultivar Week 1 Week 2 Week 1 Week 2 ‘USDA 91 bcd 53 bc 45 bcd 94 bcd Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ 98 a 51 bc 46 bcd 97 abc ‘Galletta’ 95 ab 42 cde 28 d 98 a Percentage rotted Cultivar Week 1 Week 2 ‘USDA 2 cde 20 abc Lumina’ ‘Earliglow’ 1 e 2 ef ‘Galletta’ 1 e 1 f

COMPARISON WITH PARENTAL GENOTYPES

When ‘USDA Lumina’ is compared to female parent, B2475 (unpatented), the fruits have better symmetry and are less susceptible to Botrytis fruit rot. When ‘USDA Lumina’ is compared to male parent, B2197 (unpatented), the fruits a more desirable, less mealy texture and are less susceptible to Botrytis fruit rot.

Claims

1. A new and distinct cultivar of strawberry plant named ‘USDA Lumina’, substantially as described and illustrated herein.

Referenced Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
PP19763 February 24, 2009 Ballington
Other references
  • CPVO OCVV on p. 15, col. 5 at No. 40 retrieved on Feb. 6, 2024 at https://cpvo.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/TP/fruits/TP_022-2_Strawberry.pdf, 2009, pp. 1 and 15. (Year: 2009).
  • International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, ISHS Scripta Horticulturae No. 18, Ninth ed. 2016, 2 cover pages and p. 30. (Year: 2016).
Patent History
Patent number: PP36100
Type: Grant
Filed: Sep 6, 2023
Date of Patent: Sep 10, 2024
Assignee: The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture (Washington, DC)
Inventors: Kimberly S. Lewers (Columbia, MD), John Enns (Hyattsville, MD)
Primary Examiner: June Hwu
Application Number: 18/242,722
Classifications
Current U.S. Class: Strawberry (PLT/208)
International Classification: A01H 5/08 (20180101); A01H 6/74 (20180101);