Vehicle
A vehicle in free space or air, with external surfaces primarily fashioned from planar facets. The planar facets or panels are angularly positioned to reduce scattered energy in the direction of the receiver. In particular, radar signals which strike the vehicle are primarily reflected at an angle away from the search radar or are returned to the receiver with large variations of amplitude over small vehicle attitude changes.
Latest Lockheed Martin Corporation Patents:
Claims
1. A vehicle including flight control means and propulsion means, comprising:
- a fuselage and wings; and
- a plurality of surfaces defining the exterior of said fuselage and wings, said surfaces consisting of a series of facets.
2. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein substantially all of said facets lie in a different plane.
3. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein substantially the entire exterior of said vehicle comprises said facets.
4. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein said facets are angularly positioned to be least reflective of electromagnetic radiation in the direction of radiation detection devices.
D52066 | May 1918 | Stout |
D134182 | June 1942 | Wagner |
D172465 | August 1954 | Del Mar |
D183349 | August 1958 | Johnson |
D198249 | May 1964 | Sleeman, Jr. et al. |
D199104 | September 1964 | Sleeman, Jr. et al. |
D205169 | June 1966 | Petry |
D212720 | November 1968 | Petry |
D220589 | April 1971 | Richitelli |
D238483 | January 1976 | Swanson |
D244265 | May 10, 1977 | Opfer |
D254903 | May 6, 1980 | Holmen et al. |
D278700 | May 7, 1985 | Powers et al. |
D305325 | January 2, 1990 | Andrews |
D306997 | April 3, 1990 | Andrews |
D308043 | May 22, 1990 | Butler |
D332080 | December 29, 1992 | Sandusky, Jr. et al. |
D356900 | April 4, 1995 | Weir et al. |
1936786 | November 1933 | Gebhert |
2527918 | October 1950 | Collard |
2998947 | September 1961 | Griffith |
3427619 | February 1969 | Wesch et al. |
3432609 | March 1969 | Duvall et al. |
3487410 | December 1969 | Barnett et al. |
3509568 | April 1970 | Mannig et al. |
3625459 | December 1971 | Brown |
3719244 | March 1973 | Miller et al. |
3756540 | September 1973 | Williams |
3838425 | September 1974 | Ishimitsu et al. |
3997899 | December 14, 1976 | Rolsma |
4019699 | April 26, 1977 | Wintersdorf et al. |
4030098 | June 14, 1977 | Nahmias |
4115775 | September 19, 1978 | Harrington |
4148032 | April 3, 1979 | Kelly et al. |
4327884 | May 4, 1982 | Lawhorn |
4354646 | October 19, 1982 | Raymer |
4501784 | February 26, 1985 | Moshinsky |
4700190 | October 13, 1987 | Harrington |
4924228 | May 8, 1990 | Novak et al. |
4990923 | February 5, 1991 | Delfeld |
5014060 | May 7, 1991 | Novak et al. |
5016015 | May 14, 1991 | Novak et al. |
5063384 | November 5, 1991 | Novak et al. |
5128678 | July 7, 1992 | Novak et al. |
5150122 | September 22, 1992 | Bell |
5276447 | January 4, 1994 | Shingo |
5415364 | May 16, 1995 | Grant |
5420588 | May 30, 1995 | Bushman |
5488372 | January 30, 1996 | Fischer |
1-277716 | June 1991 | JPX |
852881 | November 1960 | GBX |
2 029 714 | September 1978 | GBX |
- Jackson, Jane's All the Worlds Aircraft, MBB Lampyridae, p. 109, Dec. 1995. Dane, Popular Mechanics, America's Invisible Warship, Jul. 1993. Aviation Week & Space Technology, "Northrop's 1976 Stealth Fighter Proposal", p. 23, Feb. 1992. Sweetman et al, Lockheed F-117A Operation and Development of the Stealth Fighter, 1990 (including discussion of A-12 aircraft). Lowry et al, Structural Concepts and Aerodynamic Analysis for Low Radar Cross Section (LRCS) Fuselage Configuratons, Sikorsky Aircraft Division, United Technologies Corp. (Jul. 1978) pp. 1-42. Jenkins et al, "Fundamentals of Optics", Fourth Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc. Chapter 6. Ben R. Rich & Leo Janos, "Skunk Works", Little Brown and Company, Copyright 1994, pp. 1-105. F-117A Cost Performance and Contracts History, pp. 1-12, Ray Parson material supplied to Hallion, pp. 1-12. Interview: Ben Rich on Stealth 1-2, pp. 1-9. Interview with Denys Overholser, pp. 1-6. Warren Gilmour's notes, letter dated Mar. 24, 1981. Ben Rich--add stealth, pp. 1-6. Modern LO Technology as Recalled by Warren Gilmour, pp. 1-2. Pyotr Ufimtsev: "Godfather of Stealth", Academic Spotlight, p. 2. P. Ya. Ufimtsev, "Method of Edge Waves in the Physical Theory of Diffraction", Foreign Technology Division, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, 1962, pp. 1-223. A. Golden, Jr., "Radar Electronic Warfare", AIAA Education Series, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., pp. 106-119. Knott et al., "Radar Cross Section" 2nd Edition, 1993 Artech House, Inc., pp. 269-295. A.K. Bhattacharyya et al., "Radar Cross Section Analysis and Control" 1991 Artech House, Inc., pp. 234-239. W.D. Burnside et al, "Axial-radar cross section of finite cones by the equivalent-current concept with higher-order diffraction", Radio Science, vol. 7, No. 10, pp. 943-948, Oct. 1972. G. T. Ruck et al, "Radar Cross Section Handbook", vol. 2, Library of Congress Catalog Card no. 68-26774, pp. 473-537. F.N. Bradley, "Radar Cross Section of Flat Base Dielectric Cones", Bradley and Eastly: RCS of Dielectric Cones, pp. 1123-1125 (1965). J.W. Crispin, Jr., et al, "Radar Cross-Section Estimation for Complex Shapes", Proceedings of the IEEE, Aug., pp. 972-982. J.W. Crispin, Jr., et al, "Radar Cross-Section Estimation for Simple Shapes", Proceedings of the IEEE, pp. 833-848 (Aug. 1965). Muchmore, "Aircraft Scintillation Spectra", IRE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, pp. 201-212, (Mar. 1960). R. B. Watson et al, "On the Diffraction of a Radar Wave by a Conducting Wedge", Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 21, Aug., 1950, pp. 802-804. B. Sweetman, "Stealth Aircraft", Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Date, pp. 4-96, (1986). M. Dornheim, "Fly-by-Wire Controls Key To `Pure` Stealth Aircraft", Aviation Week & Space Technology/Apr. 9, 1990, pp. 36-41. "Future Strategic Manned Bomber Plan", Special Report, Aviation Week & Space Technology, Jun. 16, 1980, pp. 137-141. E.B. Cole, Jr., "Airplane Models Reveal", Electronics, Jan. 1995, pp. 122-125. T.P. Basserot, "The jet Fighter Radar Cross Section", IEEE Transaction on Aerospace and Electronics Systems, vol. AES-11, No. 4, Jul. 1975, pp. 523-533. The Engineering Index Annual--1977 Abstract No. 069687, p. 5318. J.H. Richmond, A Computer Program For Physical-Optics Scattering by Convex Conducting Targets--2430-7, May 1968, pp. 1-41. J.H. Richmond, A Computer Program For Physical-Optics Scattering By Convex Conducting Bodies, Technical Report 2097-7 Feb. 16, 1967, p. 12. "U.S. Companies Target Emerging Market For Dismantling CIS Nuclear Arsenal", Aviation Week & Space Technology/ Feb. 10, 1992, p. 23. "Popular Science", article, What's New, Stealthy Ship, p. 14, Oct. 1995. Shearman et al, "Radar Development to 1945" IEE Radar, Sonar, Navigation and Avionics Series 2, pp. 473-477. J. Jones, "Stealth Technology The Art of Black Magic", AERO, pp. 1-149. A.K. Marsh, "Stealth and Future Military Aircraft", Military Avionics, pp. 1-42.
Type: Grant
Filed: Oct 5, 1995
Date of Patent: Sep 14, 1999
Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Bethesda, MD)
Inventors: Richard Scherrer (Nordland, WA), Denys D. Overholser (Carson City, NV), Kenneth E. Watson (No. Hollywood, CA)
Primary Examiner: Daniel T. Pihulic
Law Firm: Oblon, Spivak, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt, P.C.
Application Number: 8/539,789
International Classification: H01Q 1700;