Abstract: Various compounds are disclosed to be useful in the flavouring of tobacco products. Many of said compounds are also useful as odoriferous ingredients and/or as flavouring agents in general for foodstuffs, beverages and pharmaceutical preparations.

Abstract: A cigarette making machine for making cigarettes containing a core of material different from that of a surrounding annulus of tobacco comprises a conveyor, a conveyor band for forming a continuous substantially flat initial layer of tobacco on the conveyor, a further conveyor band for feeding a core onto the initial layer of tobacco, side walls for at least partially confining the sides of the core along a predetermined distance after the core has been fed onto the initial layer of tobacco, and a shower for feeding tobacco onto side portions of the initial layer, on opposite sides of the core, while the core is being confined by the side walls.

Abstract: Particles of a tobacco stream are first expanded by passing across a high-frequency field wherein they are exposed to the action of electromagnetic waves which effect a vaporization of moisture in the capillaries with attendant increase in volume. The thus expanded particles of the tobacco are thereupon conveyed through a drying zone wherein the particles are externally heated by hot air for a short period of time to thus effect rapid drying of strata immediately adjacent to external surfaces of the particles and to thereby stabilize the particles against shrinkage. In the last step, the tobacco stream is forcibly cooled with air to effect a condensation of vaporized moisture in the capillaries. The expansion of tobacco can be enhanced if the tobacco stream is caused to pass through a bath containing freon or another organic fluid having a boiling point lower than water before the tobacco stream is conveyed across the high frequency field.

Abstract: An improvement to a mouthpiece to facilitate giving up the smoking habit is disclosed wherein the sole locations of direct contact between the diluting body and the metallic sleeve is a pair of peripheral ribs on the diluting means.

Abstract: Process and composition for permanent waving of human hair containing hair-softeners and keratein so as to reduce damage to the hair.

Abstract: A cosmetic stick for applying colouring matter to the skin comprises a rigid pencil shaped carrier for a cylindrical applicator which consists of a piece of soft plastics foam with a storage capacity for one application of colourant.

Abstract: A durable dental floss comprised of aromatic polyamide fibers having at least 85 percent of the amide linkages attached directly to two aromatic rings. The floss is heat stable, hydrophobic and has a high tenacity.

Abstract: The fabric end wall of a camper is fastened to the outer side of a frame member by a fastener detachable from inside the camper, to provide an escape opening in an emergency. The fastener comprises a pair of slotted tubular fastener elements on the outer side of the frame receiving a folded edge of the fabric wall and a flexible element in the fold and tubular elements to secure the edge of the fabric wall, the flexible element being accessible at its central portion for withdrawal to release the fabric wall.

Abstract: This invention discloses a novel collapsible tent which is designed to reduce the humidity therein and which utilizes novel ground-holding means to hold it securely to the ground when erected. The tent covering comprises separate inflatable sections which is suspended over a triangular tent-type configuration of tubular support pieces. The tent is secured to the ground by utilizing expandible plugs which comprise a tapering casing with an expandible ring on its lower section. The casing is inserted into the ground and a screw-type device is inserted therein. This causes the casing to expand and to apply radial pressure to the ground thus providing a secure connection to the ground. The tent also utilizes novel eave troughs which are designed to be able to be used as a carrying case for the tubular support pieces once disassembled.

Abstract: An umbrella including a shortenable frame having dome ribs and a crown at the end of a stick. A cover is supported by the dome ribs and is attached to the crown and peripherally to the ends of the dome ribs. The cover is also attached to the dome ribs at intermediate points between the ends of the dome ribs and the crown. The cover includes a plurality of radially extending stiffened areas including a flexible hinge area at a position such that each radially extending stiffened portion is separated into at least two radially aligned portions whereby the cover material can fold therebetween. The full extent of the radially extending stiffened areas is provided on the portion of the cover between the crown and the intermediate attachment points.

Abstract: A carrier attachment including a rigid tray section and a pocket section is suspended by connecting straps from one side of the top frame member of an invalid walker. The tray section can be swung to operative position above and supported by the top frame member.

Abstract: A fluid flow shut-off device has a number of valves which upon lateral tilting movement of the device selectively move to block flow, regardless of the direction of tilting movement.

Abstract: A pressure balancing valve has a pair of fluid ducts for hot and cold water, a butterfly type valve is located in each duct, a pressure cavity is provided that is in communication with each duct, and a resilient diaphragm mounted in the cavity converts pressure differential between the ducts into positional displacement of a rod-like pressure plate linkage secured to the butterflies. The butterflies pivot to alter fluid flow in the ducts until substantially equal pressures appear at the outlets of the ducts.

Abstract: In a control valve assembly of the kind set forth for vehicle braking systems a valve-operating member for operating first and second valves is guided to slide in a bore in a piston. The valve-operating member is adapted to permit the second valve to close and the first valve subsequently to open when the first piston is returned to an inoperative retracted position in response to the pressure of fluid remaining the pressure space when the applying force is relieved, the pressure space being defined between the first piston and a second piston.

Abstract: A relief valve for limiting the pressure of the output of a feed pump being furnished to a main hydraulic pump is provided not only with a bore through the valve disk leading to a chamber at the rear of the guide piston for counteracting, as relief valving continues, the force of the spring tending to keep the valve closed, but also a pressure piston, in the form of an annular flange on the guide piston, subdividing an outer cylindrical space into two chambers respectively connected to a constriction in a hydraulic conduit, so that the amount of flow through the constriction will additionally modify the limit pressure at which relief valving takes place. The device is used to reduce the limit pressure when the feed pump provides excessive oil feed to the main pump.

Abstract: A transfer conveyer for a monorail-supported slurry transportation system has a bottom frame which is formed through a 180.degree. arc. An input ramp and an output ramp and rollers are radially journaled along the bottom frame. The side frames are constructed around the bottom frame, and a plurality of rollers is journaled in the side frame. A transport system is attached to the frames, and an apparatus is attached between the transport system and the frame to change the angle of the bottom frame with respect to the horizon. The input and output ramps are also pivotally attached to the frame in order that they may be swung horizontally with respect to the frame to properly align the input and output ramps with the overhead monorail transportation system.

Abstract: Many chemical reactions involving high pressures are carried out in reactor or distillation vessels. As a safety feature, the vessel is usually connected into an alarm system designed to shut it down if an overpressure condition occurs. During a routine safety check of the alarm system the vessel is isolated from the system by manually closing a valve. Following the safety check, the valve must again be opened to connect the vessel into the system. Some situations may require that a valve be left in closed position following a safety check, or some other operation.The valve of this invention can only be closed or opened with a key member which engages the valve stem. The key is an integral part of the equipment carried by the technician who makes the safety check, so that the act of disengaging the key from the valve stem ensures that the valve is left in either open or closed position, as desired.

Abstract: A wasp excluder and exhaust port protector for railway air brake systems. A housing adapted to be screw connected to the exhaust port of an air brake system has a cylindrical bore in the outlet end portion. A valve having a unitary body of rubber-like material is wholly contained within the bore to provide mechanical protection for it. The body has a ring portion slidably fitted within the bore and sealed against a seat within the housing. The valve body has a disc portion integral with the ring and formed with a plurality of internally concave, externally convex, radially extending hollow ribs. The ribs have radial slits extending along the middle portions of the ribs and meeting in the center of the disc portion to define a plurality of elastic sectors connected to the ring portion.

Abstract: A valve assembly for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid through a subsea control system providing hydraulic control of underwater equipment and having a female member adapted to be connected to the underwater equipment and having a retrievable male member coacting with the female member in which each of said members includes a plurality of flow control passageways. A laminated manifold block having top, middle and lower layers is connected to the top of the male member and supports a plurality of individual valve housings releasably secured to the top layer of the manifold block for receiving control valves. The laminated manifold block includes fluid supply, fluid exhaust and fluid outlet passageways between the control valves and the controlled underwater equipment. The laminated manifold block is longer than the width of the male member thereby accommodating larger control valves to provide an adequate volume of fluid for control purposes.

Abstract: A priming valve for a liquid fuel supply system is arranged in parallel with a fuel metering device and includes a shuttle control element which opens the priming valve during movement, the priming valve being shut at opposite ends of movement of the shuttle. The shuttle is moved by an operating pressure derived from the priming valve inlet via a restrictor and applied to respective ends of the shuttle by a change-over control valve which is operated to deliver a priming charge of fuel.

Abstract: A mixing valve having one single control device by which the fluid output and the temperature of the fluid output are regulated independently. The valve has two plates, one slidable on the other, one plate having an orifice in fluid communication with the valve's outlet and the other plate having two orifices in fluid communication with the hot and cold inlets to the valve, respectively. The orifices are rectangular with longitudinal and transverse axes parallel, respectively. Two-way movement of a handle is transmitted to the said one plate causing it to slide on the other in two directions such that the overlap of the inlet orifices by the outlet orifice is altered. This regulates the rate of flow through the orifices and the ratio of hot and cold fluid in the main output.

Abstract: A selection valve, creating a minimal flow-through turbulence for use in the administration of three separately supplied intravenous fluids, for selecting with one-handed operation any one of the fluids connected or a mixture of any two fluids adjacently connected, is provided having a body with a cylindrically shaped cavity containing three closely positioned ports and a separately positioned port. A cylindrically shaped rotor may be disposed within the cavity and rotated to position a single passageway part thereof between the outlet and an inlet port. The outlet end of the passageway may be shaped to enable the exposure of the outlet port for any inlet port position. Preferably the valve body is mounted to a support structure which in turn may be secured to an immobile surface.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive regulating valve formed of a spring mounted within a conduit in which fluid flow is to be regulated. The fluid flow is regulated by the pressure responsive expansion and contraction of the axially deformable spring whose successive convolutions alternately increase and decrease the free-flow volume of the space surrounding the spring as the spring responds to alternate increases and decreases of pressure exerted thereon.

Abstract: There is provided a device for carrying flexible cables or pipes from a fixed connection point to a mobile consumer. The device consists of a flexible support tube which may be either formed from a profiled strip would on itself with intermeshing edges, or a corrugated tube. In order to limit the flexibility of the tube to one direction, there are provided a series of spacers keeping a longitudinally continuous zone of the tube at a substantially constant length. The tube can thus only bend by compression or extension of the zone immediately opposite the zone of constant length. The spacers may take various forms such as a continuous strip secured to one surface of the tube, or a series of individual spacers entering formations in the tube. The individual spacers may in fact be individually secured to the tube or they may be carried on a strip.

Abstract: A flexible article, such as a hose pipe, which comprises a body including polymeric material and having a surface layer of non-woven filamentary material applied to the body, the filamentary material being impregnated with a polymeric material.

Abstract: Ferrous metal is provided with a corrosion resistant coating having a surprisingly great ability to retard the formation of rust when subjected to salt spray testing. Successive thin layers of copper and nickel are electroplated on steel tubing after which the tubing is terne coated by hot immersion. The corrosion resistance which is achieved by this combination of layers greatly exceeds the sum of the corrosion resistance of each layer when used alone.

Abstract: A strong modular cylinder is made to a selected length by using rods through rings and spacers to tension the cylinder and helical truss rods to give further strength. The ring configuration provides a large open area which can be compartmented for adaptations such as of suction or vacuum boxes.

Abstract: To insert an effect thread into a fabric being woven a warp is opened and an effect thread is inserted from one side into the open warp. It is then engaged from the open side of the warp and retained until such time as it can no longer be withdrawn from the warp due to its own tension.

Abstract: An improved loom of the shuttleless type, which comprises for each weft inserter a magnetic guiding device mounted in the slay of the loom and having a ferromagnetic core, of elongated shape, with a coil wound longitudinally around the core. A pair of plates is engaged longitudinally on the opposite sides of the core and laterally delimiting the coil. The plates are positioned in planes perpendicular to the upper base of the slay and face a direction parallel to the direction of motion of the weft inserters. There are also provided a pair of non magnetic spacing plate members placed between the plates so as to define together with the plates themselves a rectangular housing within which is enclosed said coil. The plates thus define with their edges past the spacing plates, as the current passes through the coil, a magnetic guiding path within which run the weft inserters moving over the slay of the loom.

Abstract: A web or belt, particularly for transporting moist corrugated cardboard, has an inner woven layer of high tensile strength, and two outer woven layers consisting of threads made of heat and abrasion resistant polyester and highly hygroscopic fibers, such as cellulose fibers. The warp threads of the outer layers pass over at least two weft threads staggered in longitudinal direction to avoid formation of a transverse groove across the web or belt.

Abstract: A woven fabric for reinforcing a resilient material such as rubber or a suitable synthetic material wherein the warp of the fabric consists of individual steel filaments held together in warps by the weft of the fabric.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming twisted pairs of electrical conductor wire cut to predetermined lengths and having one wire end of a pair longitudinally offset from the adjacent end of the other wire of the pair. The apparatus includes plural wire preparation units which operate to cut predetermined lengths of wire and strip insulation from one or both ends of each wire. The wire preparation units are operable to feed prepared wires to a rotary wire carrier which includes a plurality of pairs of side by side elongated wire receiving tubes. The wire carrier is rotatably indexable from a wire receiving position to a position where a wire offsetting device comprising a fluid operated clamp and linear actuator operates to longitudinally offset one wire of a pair of wires prior to a twisting operation. The wire carrier is further indexable to a position wherein a pair of wires becomes engaged with a wire tensioning device and the adjacent ends of a pair of wires are gripped by a twisting and pulling apparatus.

Abstract: A filling device for delivering liquid to a container, such as a storage battery, with valve actuating means for automatically cutting off liquid flow when the liquid level reaches the level of the discharge nozzle and which is operated by having a vacuum formed within the discharge nozzle wherein the liquid inlet passage to the valve is restricted to substantially reduce the rate of liquid flow from a liquid supply line into the valve chamber and the discharge nozzle is provided with a narrow liquid outlet passage formed around the end of a vacuum line connected with said valve actuating means with the size of the inlet and outlet passages being coordinated so that liquid flow is cut off only when the liquid in the container being filled reaches the level of the lower end of said discharge nozzle.

Abstract: A tool for removing shavings from wood has a rotary main body portion provided with recesses extending inwardly from the peripheral surface and receiving elongated plate-like holders for flat blades made of sheet steel. Each blade is formed with openings for locating pins on the respective holder, and each holder is urged toward an internal surface of the body portion by a spring-biased wedge. Strip-shaped guide members are adjustably connected with the holders and are slidable in grooves machined into the internal surfaces of the body portion. A blade can be removed or inverted by moving the respective wedge away from the holder and by thereupon moving the holder axially of the body portion so that the blade can be lifted off the locating pins. The holders and the guide members have cooperating surfaces along which the holders can slide to thereby move the cutting edges of the blades toward or away from the axis of the body portion.

Abstract: The rough hewn bench plane attachment of the present invention allows a standard bench plane to be converted into a hewing tool that is able to create hewn lumber similar in shape and design to hand-hewn lumber. The attachment incorporates a chassis assembly mounted under the front knob of the bench plane. An eccentric rolling assembly connects to the chassis assembly and causes an eccentric rolling effect as it rolls over the lumber. This eccentric movement of the wheels causes the bench plane to correspondingly move in an eccentric manner with respect to the workpiece so that a cutting iron of the invention replacing the regular cutting iron of the plane generates varying depth gouges in the lumber workpiece. The cutting iron of the invention has an arcuate cutting edge that enhances the hewing of the lumber by varying the transverse depth of the cutting edge in the lumber workpiece.

Abstract: A hemispherical palm grip is rotatably mounted on one end of a shank. The other end of the shank carries a conventional ball detent adapted to engage a variety of tool heads, such as wrenches, screwdriver bits, chucks, sockets, twist drills and the like. By engaging the palm grip with the palm of one hand while exerting torque on the tool head, as by a ratchet wrench held in the other hand and engaging the shank, the shank is conveniently maintained in proper alignment with the piece being worked on, the shank being rotated by the ratchet handle while the palm grip remains stationary.When less torque needs to be applied, the ratchet wrench can be dispensed with and the grips alone can be used. While holding the palm grip in the palm of the hand, the thumb and fingers are extended to engage a finger grip translatably mounted on a square in cross section portion of the shank, the finger grip being located adjacent the palm grip.

Abstract: A container and closure combination wherein the closure includes a stepped ledge area formed by two truncated conical sections that produce a structure resiliency enabling the generation of an effective seal between the mating parts.

Abstract: An erosion control bag of dark-colored fabric for underwater use and light-colored for other use is disclosed having a porosity of 10 to 35 cubic feet per minute so that air and water may escape from the bag as water and a filler are pumped into the bag. The bag has a self-sealing opening so that it can be filled while positioned in situ below water level.

Abstract: A cover flap is permanently, hingedly attached along one edge to the inner portion of an accessory side panel, the latter carrying a needlepoint foundation canvas. The flap is dimensioned to cover the inner surface of the canvas and there is means for removably securing the free portion of the flap in canvas-covering position. In one embodiment, the side panel is laminated, and the cover flap is formed by a portion of the inner side panel lamination, which portion is outlined by a U-cut.

Abstract: A pneumatic wheel comprising an inflatable element of substantially toroidal shape having a central tubular passage, and a hub disposed in the central passage. The hub and inflatable element are frictionally coupled without being physically secured together whereby since no physical connection exists between the hub and the inflatable element the latter can freely deform in the vicinity of the hub.

Abstract: A punctureproof non-pneumatic vehicle tire comprising two halves applied on a felly which is subdivided into two parts by a metal or plastic ring. The two symmetrical halves of the tire are built up of segments each of which consists of the tread, the foot, supported by a wire core, and a connecting part. This connecting part is curved and asymmetrically arranged so that the parts in adjacent segments are alternately directed towards the middle of the felly and the edge of the felly. The connecting parts substantially reduce the total mass of the tire and constitute the actual cushioning element.

Abstract: A bi-fold door assembly including a pair of bi-fold door panels hinged together and having means for fixed pivotal location provided at the upper and lower disposed corners of the first door panel and means for guided pivotal retention provided at the upper and lower disposed corners of the second door panel, on respective guide tracks. The pivotal location means including pivot brackets of a new and different design formed from a single stamping and the other means including slide blocks having snap lock engagement with guide pins used therewith and which are of a particular design to best serve their intended purpose.

Abstract: Automatic molding apparatus to make flaskless molds from match plate patterns using sand and binder pre-mix and an activator or catalyst includes form boxes having open faces and double wall construction with a continuous chamber between the walls. The inner wall is vented to the chamber to provide a gas flow passage. The apparatus also includes manifolds which clamp over openings in the top and bottom walls for innoculation and pneumatic withdrawal of activating or catalytic-reacting gases such as hot air or carbon dioxide which are innoculated at an innoculation station into the mold box to decrease the hardening time of the sand. The open faces of the mold box are closed by hinge plates or cover plates each rotated by a rack and pinion. The plates are further secured during sand filling by spring-loaded arms bearing against tapered ribs on the hinge plates.

Abstract: An apertured casting is made by first forming a duplicate in the shape of the finished casting, positioning refractory metal bodies such as wires in the duplicate at points corresponding to apertures or passageways in finished products, forming a ceramic coating on the duplicate, removing the duplicate material, firing the ceramic in a vacuum or inert atmosphere, vacuum casting the metal in the ceramic form, removing the ceramic form, heating the cast object in an atmospheric furnace to oxidize the refractory metal bodies and then leaching the oxidized refractory bodies from the casting with a molten caustic agent or acid solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved self-centering bottom block assembly for D.C. casting. The assembly comprises a bottom block which is slidably mounted on a supporting surface and which is provided with at least two guide extensions. Positioned below the D.C. mold are at least two recessed guide surfaces, the lower portion of which converges in the direction of the discharge end of the mold. The horizontal and rotational movement of the bottom block is restricted so as to ensure the insertion of the guide extensions into the recess defined by the guide surfaces and thereby guide the bottom block into the mold bore without contacting the mold body.

Abstract: Fixed seal means partition a disc type rotary regenerator for an automotive gas turbine engine into an inlet air heating section for conducting cool high pressure inlet air therethrough in one axial direction and an exhaust cooling section for conducting hot low pressure exhaust gas therethrough in the opposite axial direction. The seal means comprises a non-rotatable rubbing seal having an inner surface in sliding sealing engagement with an axial end surface of the regenerator and also comprises a channel shaped non-rotatable static seal having one channel side in sliding sealing engagement with a movement limiting stop fixed with respect to an outer surface of the rubbing seal at the low pressure side thereof and having a second channel side in sliding sealing engagement with a fixed housing portion of the engine.

Abstract: A sealed extensible bellows containing freon and a flexible wick provide a heat pipe, and fixed end of which is attached to a heat sink (a cold body), the other movable end of the bellows carries a thermally conductive plate that moves from a nonengaging relationship to an engaging relationship with a temperature regulated surface at a predetermined temperature of the cold body.

Abstract: A system for the mining of geothermal energy in which a plurality of geothermal wells radiate from a single surface site into a subsurface geothermal reservoir. The wells can be drilled by conventional slant drilling techniques and each may contain a closed end heat exchanger which receives water and generates steam. Some of the heat exchangers are disposed vertically and others are implanted horizontally. By alternating production of the wells in a programmed cyclical manner, convective movement of the hydrothermal fluid will occur within the geothermal zone. The generated steam is collected in a reservoir at the surface site and utilized to generate electricity. The condensate from the turbine can be recycled to the wells.

Abstract: A solar heating and cooling system comprising a double tiered solar collector and heat exchanger that is mounted on a roof at an angle ranging from 30.degree. to 45.degree. with respect to the horizontal, with its upper surface being blackened. Each tier of the heat exchanger includes a series of longitudinal channels, there being upper and lower manifolds communicating with all of the channels. A duct depends from the middle of the upper channel and is connected to an air blower that takes air from the premises being heated or cooled. Another pair of ducts depend from the lower manifold at the opposite end thereof and discharge heated air into the premises. A heat trap in the form of a transparent plastic sheet is removably mounted above the collector and heat exchanger in close proximity thereto.

Abstract: A heat transfer system for particulant material in which high or low temperature fluid carrying conduits are disposed in a trough into which the material to be treated is placed. A group of mixing paddles are driven along the trough which mixes and stirs the material and scrapes the material from the conduits. At the point where the conduits enter and exit the trough, the paddles are rotated by a cam follower arrangement to a profile position between the conduits and the conduits and trough sides. While in the profile position, the paddles pass through narrow slots in a stationary cleaning scrapper. Material is overhead fed into the trough and discharged from an opening in the bottom thereof after the material has made one pass along the length of conduits in the trough, having been carried along the trough by the raking action of the paddles.