Abstract: A tunneling shield for shielding the area of a tunnel between first and second tunnel machine assemblies which are longitudinally, relative to the axis of the tunnel, movable relative to each other comprising a plurality of extendable and retractable support beams, the longitudinal axes of which are substantially parallel with the axis of the tunnel. The support beams may be disposed near the wall of the tunnel at circumferentially spaced intervals from each other an connected at each end to a first and second tunnel machine assembly by flexible joints. Each of the support beams may comprise first and second telescopically engagable members to effect extension and retraction of the support beams in response to relative movement between the first and second machine assemblies.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for minimizing the energy consumption of an air conditioning system by selecting the position of the outside air damper which will require the lowest total energy input into the system. The system includes sensors for generating signals dependent upon the temperature and humidity of the outdoor air, return air and discharge air, a damper position controller for generating a damper position signal dependent upon these outputs and a control means for receiving said damper position signal for adjusting the position of the outdoor air damper at a position requiring the lowest total energy input into the system for establishing a desired set of conditions.

Abstract: A preassembled unit for subcooling the refrigerant in existing air conditioning and refrigeration systems to a temperature less than its saturated vaporization temperature. The unit is installable in existing refrigeration systems and has the capability to increase the efficiency of such systems. A coaxial tube heat exchanger includes a refrigerant tube to be connected between the system condenser and expansion valve, and a cooling medium tube through which a flow of cooling water is provided. A thermostatically-operated control valve is utilized to adjust the flow of water in response to the refrigerant outlet temperature. The control valve ensures that only the minimum quantity of water necessary to reduce the refrigerant temperature to a selected value is used. The heat exchanger and control valve are completely enclosed in a block of plastic foam to prevent a high ambient temperature from affecting these elements.

Abstract: A jewel for wear by television actors which consists of light-reflecting light-transmitting material. The jewel has cusps with external surfaces which reflect rays of light frontally approaching the jewel at Brewster's angle, thus substantially eliminating or greatly diminishing the amount of reflected light from such rays. A layer of carbon black may be used to absorb light portions which enter the jewel.

Abstract: A mechanical shaft-coupling device fitted with at least one steel ball, inserted at the coupling part of driving and driven shafts, engages with both the driving and driven shafts under normal load to transmit normal torque but, shifts its position to cut the transmission with the driven shaft in over-loaded condition so that the driving shaft idles and no over-torque works on the driven shaft.

Abstract: A fiber feeding device for a multi-color pile fabric knitting machine. The device comprises several units feeding fiber roving of different color onto a common carding cylinder. Said fiber feeding units are operated independently from each other.

Abstract: A flat bed or circular knitting machine has an additional bed which accommodates in grooves or tricks pairs of yarn-guide members which are controlled alternatively by cams to co-operate with needles of the machine. The ends of each yarn-guide member carries a hook which co-operates with an eyelet to effect the actual guiding function.

Abstract: Fine gauge knitting machines utilized in the production of hosiery and comprising needle cylinders three and three-quarter to four inches in diameter and carrying 300 to 469 needles are modified for the production of outerwear garments and the like knitted with relatively large loose loops by replacing the sinker caps thereof by sinker caps which are 0.060 to 0.100 of an inch less in interior diameter than those used in such machines for the production of hosiery, and replacing the sinker throw-in cam and the sinker throw-out cam by cams which differ from those used in the machine for the production of hosiery to use this additional space for sinker movement, by replacing the sinkers by sinkers having bottom legs 0.030 to 0.075 of an inch shorter than those used in corresponding conventional machines for the production of hosiery, and by replacing a stitch cam or cams by those which are 0.038 to 0.

Abstract: An article of clothing or the like employing crocheted material which is completely reversible. The material has a pattern which employs a succession of arrangements employing a strand of yarn. The strand has a loop and a first extension. The first extension passes to the right of the loop over the periphery thread and a single crochet stitch is formed at the end thereof. The first extension then turns back upon itself to form a second extension. The second extension passes rearwardly under the periphery of the loop and then forwardly over the periphery of the loop and underneath the rearwardly passing portion of the second extension to pass over the first extension. A crochet single stitch is formed at the end of each extension.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for treating materials.The apparatus comprises a chamber defining a treatment space for treating the textile materials and having an inlet for introducing said textile materials to be treated and an outlet for extracting the treated materials. An endless conveyor traverses the treatment chamber, extending through said inlet and said outlet and conveying said textile materials in said treatment chamber. Means for feeding a treatment agent into said treatment space and means for creating at the inlet and/or said outlet of said treatment chamber, a pressure zone and/or a temperature zone to maintain within the treatment space a gas pressure and/or a temperature higher than that and/or those existing outside said treatment chamber are provided.The apparatus avoids the undersireable flows of gas at said inlet and outlet of said treatment chamber and allows regular treatment operations of the textile materials.

Abstract: A padlock is disclosed in which a U-shaped shackle is mounted in a lock body of laminated metal construction. The heel and toe ends of the shackle are slidably mounted within openings formed in the body. A pair of lock plates are captured for sliding movement within a laminated subassembly in the body. Detents on the lock plates engage notches which are formed on sides of the heel and toe when the shackle is moved to its locked position. A key-operated lock barrel is provided with an operating member which turns a pair of cams to slide the lock plates inwardly and away from their normally locked positions. Springs are mounted within the subassembly for yieldably urging the lock plates apart toward their locked positions.

Abstract: An adjustable combination lock key safe includes telescoping inner and outer stamped sheet metal cylinders, the outer of which releasably carries a U-bolt shackle for securing the key safe to a mounting member such as a door knob and the inner of which carries locking means adapted to lockingly engage the shackle and outer cylinder to thereby maintain a secured relationship therebetween, the inner cylinder including a storage area for retaining contents such as a key or other desired limited access articles and having a multiple disc combination lock with an outer knob and dial for effecting release of the locking means and an inner adjustable dial for changing the combination of the lock whereby the key depositor may select a unique combination so as to provide limited access to the key safe for use of the contents therewithin.

Abstract: A clamp encircles the filler pipe of a fuel tank below the filler cap. Two like diametrically opposed standards extend upwardly above the cap. Loops on the standards accommodate an elongated U-shaped removable shackle of a padlock to be secured between the standards, directly above the cap.

Abstract: A releasable key ring connector comprises plug and socket members shaped to fit together snugly but to separate upon pressure placed on one of them. Key supporting means on each member accommodate separate key rings.

Abstract: For use in a rolling mill, a deformable, deflection roll with a continuous, unitary surface and a system for detection of roll deflection when a strip of sheet material is passed over the roll. The roll construction may include a dimpled or perforated surface or a multilayered roll may be provided of appropriate materials. The deflection detection system typically employs an optical scanning technique.This invention relates to the processing of metal strip particularly that which has been reduced to its final thickness by cold rolling. Ideally, metal strip should be of constant thickness throughout and should also be completely flat. This flatness should also be retained even after the strip is sheared or slit into smaller portions, for this operation frequently releases residual stresses in the metal.In practice strip flatness is extremely difficult to accomplish, and there is a tendency to overroll portions of the strip giving rise to the formation of centre or edge waves.

Abstract: Nuclear fuel rod cladding tubes are sized internally to diameters precisely fitting nuclear fuel pellets with which the tubes are charged, by externally applying hydraulic pressure to short lengths of each tube, the pressure being applied while the tube is stationary and the tube then moved to bring a new length within the hydraulic pressure zone. The volume of the hydraulic liquid used and the pressure applied to this liquid is such that the liquid is compressed slightly so that the length being sized yields, the expansion of the liquid then completing the sizing. The lengths being sized step-by-step are internally supported by either the fuel pellets or a mandrel having the same diameter as the pellets.

Abstract: A paired-roll straightening machine designed for straightening rolled shapes, round and shaped tubes and rolled section stock comprises a number of stationarily installed stands mounting pairs of driving shafts which form passes by their rolls, corresponding to the cross section of an article being straightened. The rolls form pairs with some of the pairs intended for propelling the article and the remaining pairs for bending the article. Each roll of the pairs intended for bending the article is provided with an individual drive for rocking in a given plane. In addition, each bending pair of rolls is provided with an additional drive for combine rocking of both rolls of the pair in a plane perpendicular to the given one. This allows for multiplanar elastoplastic bending of the article to be performed in the course of straightening.

Abstract: Apparatus for bending a thin flexible and narrow strip having a flat longitudinally extending base portion and a central longitudinally extending rib projecting upwardly from the base portion at right angles thereto, the upper edge of the rib being sharpened, the strip being of the type adapted to be attached to a printing cylinder and used for perforating or shearing paper sheets being printed, the apparatus being adapted to bend the strip at right angles to the base portion thereof to form a predetermined geometric shape, such as a rectangular shape for cutting rectangular windows in the paper sheets. The apparatus comprises a stationary die mounted on a supporting base. The stationary die is provided with a recess at the lower portion thereof extending around the entire periphery and inwardly into the stationary die a distance slightly less than one-half of the width of the base portion of the strip.

Abstract: An apparatus for the insertion and withdrawal of the rollers of a roll stand with a transfer car which is moveable in the roller direction, the rollers from the side in a horizontal position being pushed into the roll stand and withdrawn from the roll stand. A coupling drive is arranged on the transfer car, which drive comprises at least two equally long carrier arms which are coupled with each other over a cycloid transmission. A clamping head is arranged at the front free end of the carrier arms for the clamping and horizontal movement of the rollers on their mounting journals. A straight line guide device for the clamping head is arranged parallel to the cycloid transmission on the carrier arms.

Abstract: In a machine for reducing the cross-section of a number of wires by drawing each of them through a respective series of dies of decreasing diameter, a corresponding series of individual capstans is used for drawing each wire through its series of dies, and each one of several drive shafts supports at spaced positions along its length the capstans of a respective drawing stage of each series. Each capstan is driven by the shaft on which it is mounted, and the drive mechanism for the shafts can be adjusted, by presetting or otherwise, to give different peripheral speed ratios to the capstans, to suit different die sets and/or to compensate for wear. The capstans are mounted between bearings supporting the shafts, and the drive mechanism is located outside the bearing at the relevant end of the shaft. Preferably mechanism coupling adjacent shafts alternates between the two ends of the machine.

Abstract: Steering means, particularly for use with internal pipe bending mandrels, wherein upper and lower driven wheels are mutually expanded against the pipe wall by an intermediate free-floating hydraulic cylinder, and wherein at least one of the upper and lower driven wheels are rotatably disposed to provide steering. The steering assembly is affixed as a support at one end of the mandrel and serves to keep the mandrel upright within the pipe.

Abstract: A torque wrench tester comprising a single elongate deflection beam, a plurality of torque wrench engaging input shafts drivingly connected with the beam at points spaced longitudinally thereof and each to deflect the beam in response to a predetermined range of torsional forces applied thereto and a single dial indicator related to the beam to increase deflection thereof and having calibrations for each range of forces to be measured.

Abstract: A method of installing or adjusting belt weighing machines to reduce errors in the weights recorded applies to machines having a conveyor belt (25) which is driven over a series of idler rollers (22, 24, 23) in which one or more idler rollers (24) are supported by a weight sensing system. In a first adjustment the isolation of the weighlength is improved in a static test by altering the separation between the first threshold idler roller (A, A') and either the adjacent non-weighed idler roller (B, B') or the next but one weighed idler roller (D, D'). In a second adjustment the theoretical weighlength is adjusted by moving the first threshold idler rollers (A, A') to compensate for the disparity between static and dynamic test results.

Abstract: A hydraulic rock drill having a hydraulic drill drive motor, a hydraulic feed motor, and a hydraulic impact unit and associated pumps for supplying hydraulic fluid under pressure and provided with an automatic control system including a valve controlling the flow to the impact unit under the dependence of the pressure in the rotation motor circuit such as to reduce the power of the impact unit when the pressure in the drive motor circuit exceeds a permissible pressure and vice versa. Additionally, the hydraulic system preferably includes an additional flow control valve such as to decrease the feed power when the impact power increases.

Abstract: A device for determining the rheological properties of a liquid comprises an inner bearing member having a horizontally disposed outer cylindrical surface and an outer bearing member having a horizontally disposed inner cylindrical surface, each cylindrical surface constituting a bearing surface of predetermined grit. A liquid sample is introduced between the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, which are disposed eccentrically relative to one another. Relative mechanical movement of the members, which is related to both shear and displacement of the liquid disposed between them, provides an indication of the rheological properties of the liquid.

Abstract: This invention provides for the ultrasonic testing of hot, moving metal plate, to detect faults therein. A testing shoe has a surface intended to be juxtaposed against the metal plate, and includes an ultrasonic probe member with an adjacent face parallel with but slightly recessed from the shoe surface. An internal cooling chamber encircles the probe member and has an outlet adjacent the generating face. Cooling liquid is conveyed to the cooling chamber, and exits across the generating face and along a pre-cooling channel in the shoe surface extending away from the probe member in the direction opposite the direction of movement of the metal plate with respect to the shoe.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the approximate optimum moisture content required to facilitate compaction of earthy and/or granular material wherein a sample of the material to be compacted is subjected to compressive force while contained within a container and then removed therefrom and examined for behavior characteristics which give indication of its existant moisture content relative to the optimum requirement for best compaction of the sampled material.

Abstract: Apparatus for determining the dynamic complex hardness of resilient roll coverings including a portable housing for positioning directly on the resilient roll covering to be tested. The portable housing includes an adjustable probe coupled to force and displacement transducers. The adjustable probe is placed in contact with the resilient roll covering and vibrated. The transducers produce output signals in accordance with the force encountered by and displacement of the probe during displacement of the surface of the resilient roll covering. The output signals from the transducers are coupled to dynamic hardness and loss angle circuitry for providing direct measurements of the magnitude and phase angle of the dynamic complex hardness.

Abstract: A gage for measuring accumulated fatigue damage, or accumulated strain experience, and remaining fatigue life in a structure subjected to repeated loadings in relation to predictions or calibration tests. The disclosed embodiment has a thin, nominally rectangular metal base of uniform thickness which has a very narrow crack-like slit cut in one side and a teflon parting strip attached to the base underlying the slit. When the gage is attached to a structure with a suitable adhesive and the structure is subjected to repeated loading, a fatigue crack immediately begins at the inner end of the slit and increases in length as an approximately linear function of the accumulative fatigue damage strains incurred by the structure. The crack in the gage occurs in advance of and independently of any crack in the structure itself.

Abstract: A method for dynamically testing the operation of a vehicle anti-skid brake system and for making a record thereof includes engaging a wheel of the vehicle with a rapidly rotating roller or the like and accurately measuring and recording changes in an appropriate operating characteristic of the wheel while the vehicle brakes are being fully applied with sufficient power to rapidly slow the roller to essentially zero rpm and simultaneously to cause the anti-skid system, if operating properly, to rapidly release and reapply brake force in a manner to cause the wheel speed to decrease in stepwise fashion. The rotating roller slips relative to the vehicle wheel during application of brake force so that the wheel will be accelerated by the roll during release of brake force.

Abstract: A fabric is tested for its sewability -- its likelihood of suffering seam damage during making-up into garments or other textile articles -- by an instrument which effects or attempts needle penetration simulating a machine sewing operation and indicates the incidence of excessive penetration forces.

Abstract: A device for measuring heat consumption in individual apartments in a centrally heated building. The device includes a temperature transducer for measuring the representative temperature in each apartment and an outside temperature transducer for measuring outside air temperature. A measuring pulse generator cyclically and sequentially supplies measuring pulses to the outdoor transducer and simultaneously to a selected one of the inside transducers. The outside temperature and selected inside temperature transducers generate electrical pulses corresponding to the temperatures measured by them. These pulses are supplied to a differential circuit which converts the electrical pulses into an electrical difference signal indicating the difference between inside and outside temperatures for the selected apartment.

Abstract: A mass flow meter including a fluid volume indicating means for measuring the volume of a fluid, a temperature sensor for indicating the temperature of the fluid being measured by the fluid volume indicating means, a density compensator connected to the volume indicating means and the temperature means to provide an indication of mass flow rate of the fluid material, and counting means to accurately accumulate the indication of mass units to provide the total mass of the fluid being measured. The signal output of the volume indicating means and the temperature sensor from the temperature sensor provide input pulses to the variable pulse width means in the density compensator to initiate an output measuring envelope pulse and to cut off the output measuring envelope pulse. The envelope pulse is an input density compensated envelope pulse to the counting means. The density compensator includes an oscillator producing a high frequency output to the counter means.

Abstract: A Karman vortex flowmeter in which the fluid to be metered is conducted through a flow tube having a relatively large diameter. A multiplicity of rod-like units are arranged in parallel relation across the tube to define an obstacle array. Each unit acts as a vortex shedder and is constituted by rod sections which are coupled together axially by flow-detecting probes. Each probe in the array is so located as to avoid mutual interaction with the other probes. The electrical signals derived from the probes are so weighted and averaged as to obtain an output giving the mean flow rate. Even when the flowmeter is installed in a flow line containing elbows and other profile-disturbing elements, precise flow measurement can be accomplished.

Abstract: A flowmeter utilizes an impingement plate as a measuring element, which is attached to yieldably resilient means, such as a tension or compression spring, elastic rubber or the like rod or tube disposed along the longitudinal axis of a tapered transparent sleeve within a housing inserted into a conduit through which a fluid, whose flow is to be measured, causes the deviation of the plate from a normal position depending on the volume rate of flow of fluid, passing through the tube and being readable on a scale.

Abstract: A fluid flow meter comprising a flow tube of generally circular cross section in which is mounted a pair of generally semicircular vanes arranged for pivotal movement about a common diametral axis, said vanes being biased by resilient means into positions so as to close the tube and fluid flow indicating means for measuring gas flow rates in the range including flare gas flows and furnace combustion air flows.

Abstract: A turbine-type flow meter is described as a construction enabling easy access to all parts for cleaning, servicing and replacement. Specifically, a three piece construction is presented including end caps housing vanes and a central main body for housing a metering rotor. The end cap construction provides the bearings for the rotor and the necessity for flow straighteners is eliminated by pre-selecting a sufficient distance between the rotor and vanes. Flow is measured by electrically counting the rotations of the rotor and means are provided both for sensing gaseous substances and to enable bi-directional flow.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for determining the location of a liquid-liquid or a liquid-gas interface in tanks or cavities and has particular use in determining the position of the explosive collar level in boreholes charged with water gel explosives. The apparatus consists of a sensing element which may be lowered into a cavity. Air is exhausted from the sensing element into the surrounding medium. Any restriction to air flow caused by the surrounding medium causes an increase in air pressure which increase signals the presence of an interface.

Abstract: This invention concerns an appliance for measuring pressures, particularly those above 5,000 bars.This appliance comprises in combination, a manometric gauge and a dynamometric ring equipped with stress gauges, the section of the ring being such that its deflection does not exceed 0.13% of the elastic limit of the steel.This appliance has the same characteristics as a manometric gauge, but its compactness, lightness and ease of handling mean that it can be used both in the laboratory and in industrial installations.

Abstract: A compression tester having a rotatably mounted dial disc cooperating with a stationary index line and a piston responsive to compression pressure movable against a spring for rotating the dial disc and a support plate for the dial disc providing for confined movement of the dial disc and low friction resistance to movement.

Abstract: A continuous motion propulsion apparatus wherein a quantity of liquid is rotated within an annular housing to centrifugally distribute the liquid thereabout in an annular channel. A deflection device is mounted within the housing and deflects the liquid inwardly from the annular channel at a predetermined position relative to an outside reference thereby creating an unbalanced centrifugal force which unidirectionally propels the apparatus with continuous motion.

Abstract: A parallelogram-type derailleur is provided with a curved guide member or sheave which increases the moment arm of the cable acting on the parallelogram by diverting the direction of pull on the cable 90.degree. and thus results in a longer stroke and less pulling power. A longer stroke is employed advantageously on a hand lever that can be moved through a circular shift range of about 180.degree. so that the hand lever can be moved into various shift positions merely by feel.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an adjustable V belt pulley which is readily adjustable so as to vary the pitched diameter of the pulley at which a conventional V belt operates between outwardly diverging annular sheave faces of the adjustable pulley. The disclosure also relating to a novel means including a compressible bushing adapted to surround a shaft and lock the adjustable pulley of the invention on the shaft when the relatively adjustable sheave members are clamped together by bolts which extend therethrough generally axially parallel to the axis of shaft receiving openings in the hubs of the sheave members.

Abstract: A drive system comprising a first pulley operably connected to drive a second pulley by a continuous stiff belt having a driving face which is wrapped around both of said pulleys, means for causing the belt to slacken relatively to the pulleys, and guide means for bearing upon a face of the slackened belt generally opposed to said driving face, thereby shaping the slackened belt to prevent driving contact with at least one of the pulleys. The drive system can be used to drive a washing or dry cleaning machine at two or three different speeds depending upon which of two motors, connected to respective ones of the pulleys, is running.

Abstract: A torque multiplier tool engageable between a torque wrench and a piece of work, said tool comprising a body with an elongate support engaging reaction arm to stop rotating of the body, a wrench engaging input shaft rotatably carried by the body, a work engaging output shaft rotatably carried by the body spaced from and parallel with the input shaft, an input pinion on the input shaft, an output gear on the output shaft, a pair of idler units including idler shafts rotatably carried by the body and carrying driven gears and drive pinions engaged with the input pinions and the output gear at circumferentially spaced points between which a number of whole teeth and one-half of one tooth of said input pinion and of said output gear occur, whereby driving engagement through the tool is established by four engaged driving teeth three-fourths of the time and by three engaged driving teeth one-fourth of the time.

Abstract: Perforated information-bearing media in strip form, for example film in cinematographic devices, is driven either intermittently or continuously. The normally used Geneva stop (Maltese cross), which is connected via an output shaft to the sprocket engaging in the film perforations, can be disengaged from the continuously rotarily driven pin disc by axial displacement of either the Geneva stop of the pin disc effected by clutch means. For rewinding or unwinding the film at continuous high speed simultaneously with said clutch-disengagement between Geneva stop and pin disc, clutch members of a continuously driven, on the output shaft axially displaceable and free running clutch disc, engage in the slots or recesses in the Geneva stop at the position of the Geneva stop which corresponds to the frame standstill.

Abstract: A shift control device adapted for installation on a conventional pneumatic transmission control switch for trucks to convert its lever action to an easily controllable twisting or turning action and one that prevents inadvertent "down-shifting." The device includes a ball-like knob adapted for connection to the head of a standard pneumatic transmission control with a radially extending fork portion that fits over the lever for the control. The knob is rotatably supported on a central pin attached to the control head so that turning it will move the control level, its travel being limited so that downward force must be applied on the knob before the control lever can be moved to its low range position.

Abstract: This invention relates to a slack adjustment and take-up device for kinemc couplings of the rack and pinion type, particularly for the steering box of motor vehicles, in which a rotatably supported pinion engages with a rack guided in a translatory manner in the box. The main feature of this invention consists in that a threaded member is screwed into the box to thrust the rack on to the pinion, said threaded member being provided with circumferential markings which form a vernier system with corresponding markings on the box.

Abstract: Kinetic energy incident to the trip release and consequent rapid spinning and unwinding of rotating members in a chain operated railway car hand brake mechanism is substantially dissipated by energy absorbing means which frictionally engage the rapidly rotating members. The frictional engagement slows down the rotation of the members thus decreasing the shock to the members as they are rapidly stopped when the mechanism reaches full release. The rotation stoppage of the members is necessary to prevent the mechanism from winding in the wrong direction and thereby damaging the hand brake mechanism and brake components at opposite ends of the chain.

Abstract: The shaft to be operated is connected to a gear and is operable by an electrical device. This apparatus comprises a handwheel provided with a gear and integral with a rod movable between a coupling position in which the two gears are engaged and an uncoupling position to which it is elastically biased. A first pivotal arm has an end connected to move with the rod. A second pivotal arm is movable between a first and second position for locking the first arm in positions corresponding respectivey to the uncoupled and coupled states of the apparatus. A system controlled by the electrical device shifts the second arm to its first and second position when the electrical device is put in action and out of action respectively.