Abstract: Endblocked methylpolysiloxane fluids, such as trimethylsiloxane-endblocked polydimethylsiloxanes, are made more resistant to thermally induced siloxane rearrangement by incorporating therein certain amounts of titanium-, zirconium-, or hafnium-containing compounds. Incorporation of these compounds may be accomplished either by mixing organosiloxy derivatives of Ti, Zr, or Hf with the fluid or by mixing certain organic derivatives of Ti, Zr, or Hf with the fluid and heating the mixture to decompose the added organic derivative. Furthermore, incorporation may be accomplished either by mixing the correct amount of the Ti, Zr, or Hf compound with the fluid or by mixing an excessive amount of the Ti, Zr, or Hf compound with the fluid to form a thermal-stability additive which may be diluted with additional fluid to achieve the correct amount of Ti, Zr, or Hf compound.

Abstract: Alcohols, particularly linear saturated primary alcohols, are manufactured from CO and H.sub.2 in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least 4 essential elements, copper, cobalt, a third metal selected from chromium, iron, vanadium and manganese, and at least one alkali metal. A preferred method for manufacturing the catalyst is also described; it comprises the use of a complexant, such as citric acid.

Abstract: Biologically active derivatives of benzamide and methods for preparation thereof are disclosed. These derivatives specifically have anti-fungal activity and are characterized by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is H or a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical of 1-6 carbons; R' is a nitro group, a halogen, a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical of 1-6 carbons, a cycloalkyl radical of 5 or 6 carbons, or a phenyl, benzyl, or naphthyl radical that is mono- or bis-substituted with a lower alkyl or alkoxy radical; X is H, a lower alkyl radical, or a halogen; and Y is O or S.

Abstract: A process for producing polycarbonate oligomers by the reaction of dihydroxy compounds with phosgene, which comprises contacting a mixture of a dihydroxy compound and an aqueous alkali solution with phosgene in the presence of an organic solvent in a tubular reactor to perform a first-stage reaction, introducing the first-stage reaction mixture into a tank-type reactor equipped with a stirrer and containing the aqueous alkali solution and a solution in the organic solvent of a polycarbonate oligomer formed by the reaction of the first-stage reaction product in a second stage, and performing the second-stage reaction while stirring the reaction mixture in the tank-type reactor and maintaining it at a predetermined temperature by sufficient removal of the heat of reaction.

Abstract: Process for preparation of monomers of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R is hydrogen or methyl; X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of NO.sub.2, halogen, --CN and --CF.sub.3 ; andm and n can range from 0 to 3.Typical monomers embraced by the above formula can be prepared by Lewis Acid catalyzed esterification of methacrylic acid with a diazo derivative of an electron acceptor such as 9-diazo-2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone. These monomers can be used with other binders or polymerized by standard, free-radical techniques to polymers capable of forming self-supporting films which are useful in electrophotographic imaging members and methods.

Abstract: Photoconductive compositions comprising an insulating polymeric matrix and a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is --H or --CN;R', r", r'" and R.sup.iv are independently selected from an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 1 - 10 carbon atoms; phenyl; or substituted phenyl wherein said substituents are capable of releasing electrons to relatively electron deficient centers within the compound; amino; diarylamino; dialkylamino or alkoxy; n can range from 0 up to the potential number of positions of substitution on the aromatic ring system. These compositions have good spectral response in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum and are suitable for use in electrostatographic imaging members and methods.

Abstract: An alkyl ester of a chloro- or bromo-fluoroacetic acid is reacted with chlorosulfonic acid to produce the corresponding acid chloride. Exemplary is the reaction of ethylchlorofluoroacetate with chlorosulfonic acid at 120.degree.-200.degree. C to produce chlorofluoroacetyl chloride.

Abstract: There are prepared acyl cyanides of the formula ##STR1## where R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and which also can be substituted by one or more phenyl groups or halogen atoms, preferably chlorine, or R is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, which can have one or more 1 to 3 carbon atoms alkyl or halogen, preferably chlorine, substituents wherein in all of the above set forth substitutions the halogen atoms and the phenyl groups are not on the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group or R is a substituted phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a substituted naphthyl group or a five membered heterocyclic group, e.g., furyl, thienyl or alkyl substituted thienyl wherein the substituents on the phenyl or naphthyl are halogen atoms, nitro groups or alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An indandione pigment having high tinting strength and good weatherability and light fastness of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN A is a phenylene or naphthylene group optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group or a nitro group; n is 2 or 1; and B represents a direct bond or an n valont aromatic radical.The pigment mentioned above can be prepared by reacting an indandione derivative of the formula ##STR2## (E is an alkoxy group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an amino group; and G is an oxygen atom, or ##STR3## in which Q is a lower alkyl group, and Q.sub.2 is a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group) with an amino compound of the formula H.sub.2 N--B--NH.sub.2 ]n-1.

Abstract: Catalyst consisting of a reaction product of a copper compound with N-methyl-pyrrolidone which accelerates the reaction of nitrochlorobenzenes with aromatic amines.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing unsaturated ketones especially terpenoid ketones, by subjecting a substituted propargyl alcohol of formula (II) ##STR1## wherein R is a group containing 1 or 2 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl- or alkylene units containing 4 carbon atoms each to a thermal treatment sufficient to rearrange its structure in order to obtain structurally isomeric unsaturated ketones of formula I ##STR2## wherein one of the substituents X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 is hydrogen and the other and Z.sub.2 together form a bond. The process can be effected in the presence of an isomerization catalyst, which leads to high percentage of .alpha...beta.,.gamma...delta.-unsaturated ketones. The ketones of formula I are useful as perfumes and as intermediates for the production of terpenoid compounds.

Abstract: Described is a mixture of 1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)-4-methyl-cis-2-pentene-1-one, 1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)-4-methyl-trans-2-pentene-1-one, and 1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)-4-methyl-3-pentene-1-one and a mixture of 1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)-cis-2-pentene-1-one, 1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl) -trans-2-pentene-1-one and 1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)-3-pentene-1-one, useful in augmenting or enhancing flavors and perfume and perfumed article aromas.

Abstract: Novel cyclohexane derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and X represents an epoxy or hydroxy group; are useful as aroma chemicals.

Abstract: Described are the compounds 1-(2-propenyl-3-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-.DELTA..sup.3 -cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde and 1-(2-propenyl)-4-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-.DELTA..sup.3 -cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde; and a process for preparing same by means of reacting an allylic halide with a mixture of 3 and 4-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-.DELTA..sup.3 -cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde using a phase transfer agent in a two phase system according to the reaction: ##STR1## wherein the carboxaldehyde moiety is bonded to the alpha-carbon atom or the beta-carbon atom, X is chloro or bromo and M is alkali metal, processes for adding such 1-(2-propenyl)-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-.DELTA..sup.

Abstract: Production of quaternary phosphonium halides of the general formula:[R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 P]X,in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 stand for identical or different alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X stands for halogen, especially for chlorine or bromine. The compounds are more especially made by flowing hydrogen phosphide or a primary phosphine R.sup.1 PH.sub.2 or secondary phosphine R.sup.1 R.sup.2 PH or tertiary phosphine R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 P and an alkyl halide R.sup.4 X in a molar ratio from 0.02 to 10, at a temperature from 100.degree. to 500.degree. C, under a pressure of up to 10 atmospheres gauge and for a period from 0.5 to 500 seconds over a catalyst and separating the resulting quaternary phosphonium halides from the reaction gas.The halides so made are used for making trialkylphosphine oxides and trialkylphosphines.

Abstract: A method of producing trinitromethane comprising reacting isopropyl alcohol with nitric acid, wherein the reaction is maintained within a temperature range of from about 25.degree. to about 85.degree. C to produce said trinitromethane and recovering the trinitromethane so produced. It is a particular advantage of the present method that no catalyst is required.

Abstract: An aromatic hydrocarbon is contacted under hydroalkylation conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising at least one ruthenium compound and at least one nickel compound supported on a calcined, acidic, rare earth-treated crystalline zeolite.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing an aluminum halide or its complex catalyst from a polymerization product comprising the steps of adding to the polymerization product an aprotic polar solvent in an amount of 1.0 through 6.0 mol per one mol of the aluminum halide in the catalyst present in the product and sufficiently mixing them at a temperature of 70.degree. through 150.degree. C, and then, filtering the mixture at a temperature of 70.degree. through 150.degree. C. The addition of the aprotic polar solvent remarkably facilitates the separation of the catalyst from the polymerization product.

Abstract: There is disclosed a composition of matter which is an adhesion promoter for silicone rubbers which adhesion promoter consists of an organopolysiloxane resin mixed with an epoxy functional or alkenyl functional organopolysiloxane.

Abstract: A storable, rapidly hardening epoxy resin adhesive consisting ofA. a polyglycidyl compound having a softening temperature between 40.degree. and 90.degree. C,b. a 2,5-di-(.omega.-aminoalkyl-1')-pyrazine of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 3 to 6, and C. A COPOLYMER OF ETHYLENE, ACRYLIC ACID AND ACRYLATE HAVING A MELTING RANGE FROM 70.degree. TO 110.degree. C, said epoxy resin adhesive contains, per 1 equivalent of glycidyl groups, 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of hydrogen atoms bonded to nitrogen of the 2,5-di(.omega.-aminoalkyl-1')-pyrazine and, per 100 parts by weight of the polyglycidyl compound, contains 3 to 20 parts by weight of the copolymer of ethylene, acrylic acid and acrylate.

Abstract: A normally-solid, bioabsorbable, hydrolyzable, polymeric reaction product of (A) a polyglycolic acid composition and (B) a polyester of diglycolic acid and an unhindered glycol and to the process of preparing the same and the use of said polymeric reaction product as a sterile surgical element and as a device for the controlled continuous administration of a predetermined dosage of a drug to a living animal.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions consist of a blend of:A. 10-90% by weight of a polycarbonate of a dihydric phenol and a derivative of carbonic acid.B. 10-90% by weight copolymer of three components:(aa) a rubbery block polymer prepared in a stereospecific system using from 5 to 35% vinyl aromatic compound and from 65 to 95% conjugated alkyldiene,(bb) an amino nitrogen derivative of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, and(cc) vinyl aromatic composition,Said copolymer containing from about 5% to about 35% rubbery block polymer, from about 5% to about 35% amino nitrogen derivative of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, and from about 60% to 90% vinyl aromatic composition.

Abstract: There are provided compositions comprising (a) an aromatic polycarbonate resin; and (b) a precompounded polymer system comprising an olefinic resin and a selectively hydrogenated elastomeric block copolymer resin, alone or in further combination with an aromatic polycarbonate or styrene resin and, optionally a hydrogenated elastomeric block copolymer resin. The use of (a) and (b) together provides high impact strength and unexpectedly superior flowability in the molten state.

Abstract: A comb-like copolymer comprising an alkenyl aromatic polymer by way of trunk and a saturated polyester by way of branch is incorporated in an unsaturated polyester resin to which an alkenyl aromatic polymer is added for reducing the cure shrinkage of the resin so as to impart dispersion stability to said alkenyl aromatic polymer.

Abstract: A material useful as a separator in batteries and a process for making the material is provided. This material is a polyolefin having grafted to it side chains derived from an ethylenically unsaturated ionogenic monomer and cross-linked with sulfur.

Abstract: By block-copolymerizing a vinyl aromatic compound and a conjugated diene in a hydrocarbon solvent with an organolithium compound as initiator, there is obtained a block copolymer which comprises in the molecule three blocks of homopolymerized vinyl aromatic compound, randomly copolymerized vinyl aromatic compound and conjugated diene, and homopolymerized diene, respectively. The resulting block copolymer is transparent and excellent in mechanical properties, and is suitable for use in the manufacture of sheeting, film, and various molded articles.

Abstract: A sintered granulate produced from acrylo-nitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer powders. The copolymer powder is exposed to a high pressure and heated to a temperature below the melting point and extruded through nozzles, and the extruded product is chopped into granulate.

Abstract: Acrylonitrile/vinyl acetate/styrene copolymers containing a high proportion of acrylonitrile (50-80% by weight) which undergo no discoloration and result in highly transparent products when thermoplastically processed are produced by continuous emulsion copolymerization the monomers in a tube reactor in which comparatively little back mixing occurs (plug flow = laminar flow = non-stationary state).

Abstract: Process and apparatus for the production of rubber sheets such as tire treads having a surface design in which the rubber is at least partially cured in a mold.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing blown articles is disclosed wherein the article is manufactured from a parison having a high degree of multi-axial orientation. The method permits molecular orientation within the parison to be superposed with orientation imparted during the blowing step, whereby a blown article of greatly improved properties is manufactured.

Abstract: Silicon carbide sintered moldings having a high strength and a high oxidation resistance at high temperatures are produced by mixing SiC matrix powders with a binder consisting of an organosilicon high molecular weight compound having silicon and carbon as the main skeleton components and containing at least one foreign element other than silicon, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, molding the mixture into the desired shape and baking the formed molding at high temperatures.

Abstract: A dense polycrystalline silicon nitride body is produced by hot-pressing a particulate mixture of silicon nitride and a beryllium additive.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of plastic containers. In a first embodiment of the invention a tubular length of thermoplastic material is severed from an extruder and blown into a preform shape in a movable preform mold. After completion of the cycle, the preform mold opens and returns to the extruder for a new section of material. The preform shape remains in the location where it was formed. Return of the preform mold moves the previously completed preform shape into registry with a conditioning mold. At this location, it is grasped by an indexable neck clamp. After completion of the thermal conditioning provided by the conditioning mold, the preform shape is indexed to a final shape mold where it is given its final configuration. The completed container is then indexed to a removal station for ejection from the forming process.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reinforcing bottles with a tubular netting embedded in an exterior surface of the bottle. A tubular netting section is initially compressed in an axial direction to increase its diameter. The compressed netting is positioned over a preformed parison of a thermoplastic material. The compressed netting is then released to re-expand axially and contract diametrically, until the netting contacts the parison. The parison is finally transferred to a blow mold and blown into a finished bottle. During the blowing operation, the netting is embedded into and reinforces the walls of the blown bottle. Depending upon the materials from which the netting and bottle are formed, the netting may also weld to the bottle wall to further increase the strength of the bottle.

Abstract: Process for producing conductive cured products are disclosed. In one embodiment a copper compound is reacted with a reducing substance capable of reducing said copper compound to metallic copper, in the presence of a metallic copper powder on a substrate, thereby reducing the copper compound to metallic copper and forming a conductive connected unit of said metallic copper powder, and the connected unit is then subjected to cure molding with a resinous curable component to integrate the constituent elements into the conductive cured product. In a second embodiment, the ligand portion of a copper compound of a ligand capable of reducing copper in a compound state is reacted with the copper moiety present in said copper compound in the presence of a metallic copper powder on a substrate. The copper moiety is reduced and precipitated to form a conductive connected unit of a metallic copper powder and the connected unit is then subjected to cure molding with a resinous curable component.

Abstract: Rigid shaped articles are formed by providing a novel thermosetting phenol-formaldehyde resin having a characteristic structure and infra-red spectrum as a coating over the surfaces of a plurality of individual elements, forming the coated elements into a shape and thermosetting the resin of the coating.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously coating a thread or core with a thermoplastic is disclosed wherein a flowing stream of the plastic, in the form of a melt or liquid monomer is used to convey the core from one or more elongated and heated guide tubes into and through one or more elongated and cooled molding tubes axially aligned with each guide tube whereby the thread or core is automatically centered in the tubes and a uniform outer coating of hardened plastic is applied. The liquid monomer can be treated with a suitable activator or catalyst before entry into the mold tubes or at an intermediate mixing zone located between the exit part of the guide tubes and the inlet part of the cooling tubes. The mixing zone is larger in volume than the tubes and provides an off-center convolution about the exit ports of the guide tubes and coaxial conical exit ports converging into the entry ports of the molding tubes.

Abstract: A unitary, three-dimensional flexible shell of plasticized polyvinyl chloride of substantially uniform thickness. The shell is produced by spraying a thin layer of a polyvinyl chloride plastigel comprising a dispersion of polyvinyl chloride in a plasticizer onto the surface of a three-dimensional mold corresponding to the outer face of the shell while the mold surface is maintained between room temperature and 100.degree. C. The plastigel during use has a viscosity of 20,000 to 50,000 cps and at least 110,000 cps after 48 hours rest and contains no particles which are sedimentable at these viscosity levels. The layer of polyvinyl chloride is then heated in order to gel the layer.

Abstract: A thermoplastic container having multilayered sidewalls is compression molded from a multilayer billet having a first and a second thermoplastic layer, the layers being so adapted that when the thermoplastic material of the layers is heated to the heat softened state and a compressive force is imposed thereon, the layers are extruded at differential flow rates into a molding cavity whereby the fastest moving layer forms the flange and exterior surface portions of the container and the slower of the layers forms the interior surface of the multilayer container.A multilayer container, having improved gas barrier properties, which can be sealed by double seaming to metal end closures without fracture, is obtained when the faster moving of the billet layers is comprised of a relatively flexible thermoplastic resin material and the slower moving of the layers is formed from a thermoplastic resin having incorporated therein materials which improve the gas barrier properties of the resin.

Abstract: Sodium thiosulfate is purged from a sulfur dioxide removal system involving contact of a sulfur dioxide-containing gas with a solution containing sodium sulfite to absorb sulfur dioxide from the gas. A portion of the liquid from a desorption zone containing a minor amount of sodium thiosulfate and a relatively large amount of sodium bisulfite, is treated to reduce the amount of water in the medium so that solids are precipitated from the liquid phase. The insolubles containing sodium sulfites are removed from the liquid. The liquid separated from the solids can be discarded and thereby purge thiosulfate more selectively with respect to other sodium salts. Also, the sodium values of the sodium thiosulfate-containing purge liquid can be recovered in active form by chemical reduction, and, preferably, carbonation. A sodium sulfate purge material from the absorption-desorption system can also be subjected to the chemical reduction system for further recovery of active sodium values.

Abstract: Improvement in processes for the selective removal of sulfur dioxide with respect to carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing same wherein the gas mixture is contacted with an aqueous absorbent solution, such as an alkanolamine, an alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide, or sulfites thereof, to remove sulfur dioxide from the gas mixture and form a SO.sub.2 -rich aqueous absorbent solution which is moved to a stripping zone where sulfur dioxide is driven off to form a SO.sub.2 -depleted aqueous absorbent solution which is recycled and re-contacted with the gas mixture, the improvement comprising removing sulfur oxyanions of heat stable salts which accumulate in the aqueous absorbent solution by contacting it with an anion exchange resin having bisulfite anions displaceable by the heat stable sulfur oxyanions whereby the bisulfite anions of the resin are replaced by the heat stable divalent sulfur oxyanions which are thus taken out of the solution.

Abstract: A process for eliminating sulphur oxides from combustion exhaust gases, comprising the steps of dividing the combustion exhaust gases into a first stream and a second stream, and passing the first stream through a first activated carbon bed which was previously washed with water, thereby drying the activated carbon, cooling the first stream, and removing a substantial portion of sulphur oxides from the first stream by adsorption. The treated first stream is mixed with the second stream and together passed through a second activated carbon bed which was previously dried, thereby removing sulphur oxides by dry adsorption. A third activated carbon bed which was previously used in the dry adsorption step is washed with water, removing the previously adsorbed sulphur oxides therefrom. Each of the first, second and third activated carbon beds are cyclically treated by the drying, dry adsorption and washing steps.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate against hydrolysis comprising treating an aqueous suspension of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate at a pH of from 5 to 10 with a cyclic aminophosphonic acid of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 1 to 3, or a water-soluble salt thereof, in an amount of from 0.01 to 5% by weight with reference to the dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate; as well as tooth cleaning preparations containing the stabilized dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate.

Abstract: A process for preparing silicon nitride powder having a high .alpha.-phase content which comprises the steps of (a) providing a blended powder material composed of silica powder and amorphous carbon powder having an oil absorption of not less than 100 ml/100g, the weight ratio of the carbon powder to the silica powder being not less than 0.5, and then (b) nitriding and burning the blended powder material by heating in at a temperature of from 1300.degree. to 1700.degree. C while feeding a nitrogen-containing, non-oxidizing gas. The product obtained by this process is suitable as a raw material for the manufacture of high-density and high-strength sintered articles of silicon nitride.

Abstract: An improved process is described for the reduction of ammonium ions, while avoiding any increase in nitrate ion concentration, in a liquid stream recycled between a zone of synthesis of hydroxyl ammonium salt and a zone for synthesis of oxime, wherein the liquid stream is contacted with a gas stream consisting essentially of nitrogen monoxide and containing nitrogen dioxide at a pressure above 1 atmosphere, at a temperature of at least 80.degree. C., such that after the contact the molar NO.sub.2 /NO ratio of the gas stream is within the range of between about 10.sup.-1 to 10.sup.-4 :1.

Abstract: The alkali rich raw material batch required to produce soluble alkali metal silicate glass is effectively agglomerated by contacting a concentrated alkali metal silicate solution with the agitating raw materials. Hard agglomerates that are free-flowing, storable and provide important process advantages are formed.

Abstract: A gas mixture of silane and ammonia is heated at temperatures between about 600.degree. C and 1000.degree. C producing an amorphous powdery reaction product which, when heated at a calcination temperature of at least 1100.degree. C yields ultrafine Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 powder of high purity.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of carbon disulfide from a flue gas. A stream of sulfur dioxide is removed from a flue gas and introduced into a first reduction reactor containing a chromium promoted iron oxide catalyst where the sulfur dioxide is reduced to carbonyl sulfide. The carbonyl sulfide is introduced into a second reduction reactor which contains an active alumina catalyst. The carbonyl sulfide decomposes to carbon disulfide which is recovered.

Abstract: A pharmaceutically acceptable layered tablet containing nitrofurantoin in substained release form.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for treating the burned surface of an animal by administering to said surface a contact composition comprising a hydrophobic, bioerodible polymer containing an agent selected from the group consisting of antibacterial, antibiotic, antifungal, proteolytic enzyme and mixtures thereof, which composition when placed in contact with the burned surface maintains homeostasis including prevention of tissue dehydration and thermal loss, and as the polymer bioerodes over time, releases agent to produce a continuous chemoprophylatic or chemotherapeutic effect.