Abstract: An arrangement for producing photographs which may be used for photogrammetric surveys of spatial objects, in which control points are established in the spatial object. Two photographs are taken using central projections with different positions of the projection center. The control points are the component of a mobile control point system having a reference with four points with known position coordinates constituting a quadrangle. At least two space points located outside the reference plane, have unequal or identical position coordinates relative to the reference plane. At least the space position coordinates of one space point and the space position coordinates of the other space point are known, and at least six such points appear on each of the two photographs. To increase the accuracy of determining the unknown in the transformation equations, a reference plane with more than four points, preferably sixteen points, is introduced into the spatial object to be measured.

Abstract: A gauging attachment for machines utilizing a pantograph mechanism including a gauging assembly having a master gauge plate adapted to be coupled to the pantograph mechanism. A series of gauges are selectively engageable with the gauge plate to correctly position the workpiece. A clamping plate secures the workpiece to the master plate and in engagement with the gauge. The entire gauging assembly moves in response to motion imparted to the pantograph at a stylus. The stylus is traced along templates selectively interchangeable in a removable template tray. The attachment is adjustable and once set maintains a predetermined position with respect to the workpiece to facilitate repetitive operations without further adjustment.

Abstract: An annular slide member has an inner circular surface and a circular slot formed in its inner surface. The slide member is rotatably mounted for free rotation about its axis. A guide device, adjustable in length, is provided as a variable length diameter of the slide member and is fixed in the slot of the slide member so that it is freely rotatable with the slide member about the axis of the slide member for marking a circle or part of a circle of any diameter smaller than that of the slide member.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the wear of a shaft bearing includes a source of fluid, a valve, and a linear transducer. The transducer has a probe which may be urged aganst the shaft by admitting fluid from the source to a chamber in the transducer. As the probe is urged against the shaft, voltages provided by the transducer change in a relationship to the movement of the probe. The voltage change is monitored to measure the shaft bearing wear. Upon completion, the fluid is vented, which allows the probe to return to a rest position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of measuring the directional properties of the surface of shafts by pressing a measuring contact terminal against the surface of an objective shaft which is horizontally and rotatably supported, to thereby measure the amount of movement in the axial direction of the contact terminal caused by the rotation of the object shaft.

Abstract: A magnetic compass has been devised which is of the type having a pivot point displaced above the plane of the permanent magnets so that the distance of displacement of the pivot point with respect to the center of force will reduce the tilt angle or tipping otherwise caused by changes in latitude when the compass is to be operated in different parts of the world and a spherical needle bearing can be employed at the pivot point as a result of the increased pendular effect achieved by displacing the pivot point above the magnets. The need for a lift assembly to cushion the pivot point is eliminated while providing for an extremely rugged and versatile magnetic compass which will serve as a light, portable pocket transit capable of measuring horizontal and vertical angles as well as being used as a prismatic compass, level, clinometer, plumb or alidade.

Abstract: A method for freeze drying a previously frozen product by placing the product in a fluidized bed of a finely divided solid purticulate water vapor adsorbent and adjusting the partial pressure of water vapor to a level at which frozen water in the product will sublime.

Abstract: A machine for drying granular materials such as sand and gravel. The machine includes coaxial inner and outer cylinders. Moist sand is introduced into an inlet end of the inner cylinder and gravel is introduced into the inlet end of the outer cylinder. The sand is moved along the inner cylinder by impellers toward the outlet end of the inner cylinder in heat exchange relation with the inner cylinder while the sand is heated to evaporate water therefrom. The heated sand is directed from the outlet end of the inner cylinder into an inlet end portion of the outer cylinder to mix with the gravel. Impeller assemblies mounted on the interior of the outer cylinder raise the sand-gravel mixture as the cyliners rotate to cause the sand-gravel mixture to advance along a space between the cylinders toward the outlet end of the outer cylinder and to cascade against an outer wall of the inner cylinder.

Abstract: A bridge playing apparatus is disclosed that is adapted for use with a bridge column of a newspaper, magazine or the like. The apparatus comprises an outer housing member having a pair of windows cut therethrough and two inner members slidably disposed within the outer housing. Through relative sliding action of the inner members relative to the outer housing, the printed indicia relating to the player's hand, sequential bidding, and the dummy are selectively exposed or covered. The apparatus allows the player to study his hand without peeking at the dummy or his opponents' hands and then bid his hand and compare his bid with the bids suggested in the column by incrementally uncovering a portion of the column corresponding to the sequential bidding information. The player may then expose the dummy hand and plan his play. Then, all of the hands may be uncovered and the player may then ascertain how well the hand was played.

Abstract: An apparatus for teaching electro-cardiography and vector-cardiography comprises, in its preferred form, a portable box having a first mirror attached to the box body and a second mirror attached to the inside of the lid so as to be normal to the first mirror when the lid is open. The first and second mirrors are marked to indicate the electrode leads on a patient in the horizontal and frontal planes, respectively. Between the mirrors is a loop-mounting means for mounting therebetween one of a series of vector-cardiographic loops representative of normal and pathological heart conditions. Orthogonal projections of any particular loop are reflected by the mirrors and such reflections can be used to assist in teaching electro-cardiography. A third Sagittal plane mirror may also be mounted, when the box is open, in orthogonal relation to the first and second mirrors for the teaching of vector-cardiography.

Abstract: Improved artificial palate for use in dynamic palatographical speech researches and improvements in the method of fabricating such artificial palate are provided. The artificial palate comprises a shell body mold-formed with an electrically insulative plastic material in conformity with individual user's palate. A flexible insulative circuit board includes a plurality of sensing electrodes provided in the board over the area thereof and lead wires printed on both surfaces of the board for connecting the respective electrodes to terminals arranged on both surfaces of the board adjacent an edge thereof. The circuit board is embedded in the shell body exposing the sensing electrodes on the inner surface of the body to be in contact with user's tongue during the use. Insulation coated wires connect the electrode terminals to the exterior and form means for mounting the artificial palate in user's mouth when embedded in the plastic material contiguous to the shell body.

Abstract: A diagonostic test for students which has physical structure facilitating the grading thereof and which contains means for prescribing additional study materials for remediation.

Abstract: A form book for compiling a document from a plurality of individual elements containing information. The form book includes a ring binder, a plurality of element holding members attached to the rings of the binder, a plurality of elements containing information arranged in stacks within the holding members with one edge held by the rings of the binder and at least the top element in each stack held by the holding member. The preceding holding member is adapted to hold at least one edge of elements removed from the following holding member. A method using the described form book and an element adapted for use with the form book.

Abstract: A cutting tool for attachment to the end of a tractor mounted ripper shank for use in severing wooden debris below the ground surface. A tool socket receives the lower end of the ripper shank while a blade block secured to the socket is provided with a transverse cutting edge. Inclined gussets extending intermediate the socket and the blade block serve to reinforce the block and further function to impart upward movement to severed debris causing same to be displaced upwardly and outwardly toward the ground surface.

Abstract: A suction dredger, comprising a vessel and a suspension conveying conduit provided with a pump and having a nozzle suspended by means of at least one cable of a lifting device on the vessel, is improved for preventing breaking of the cable or damage of other dredger parts. To this aim the lifting device comprises a cable length variator having a piston movable in a cylinder, a pick-up system for picking up the travel of the piston, a fluid conduit communicating with the cylinder for supplying and discharging fluid and control circuitry for controlling the supply and discharge of the fluid so in dependence on the travel picked up by the pick-up system, that the piston is pushed backwards into a prescribed stretch.

Abstract: A needlework stand for holding rectilinear needlework stretcher frames at any desired work position is disclosed, including a base, a bracket for releasable attachment of the needlework stretcher frames and support for mounting the bracket on the base, the support including provision for universal angular positioning and vertical adjustment of the stretcher frame relative to the base. This abstract is not to be construed in any way to define or limit the invention set forth below.

Abstract: A viewer for the successive viewing of a number of transparent images, comprising a casing with a viewing aperture provided with a lens and a counter-aperture aligned therewith which apertures are formed in two opposite faces of the casing, and further comprising a carrier which is detachably fitted in the casing and which supports a number of images in such a way that they are visible from both sides of the carrier, which carrier can be advanced by means of an advancing member that is connected movably to the casing and that is operated manually. The carrier comprises a strip-shaped slide which can move lengthwise through the casing by operating the advancing member and which is provided with means for detachably fixing a film strip thereon.

Abstract: A display device having a base, a first display, and a rotary drive for rotating the first display about a preselected rotation axis. Second and third displays are connected to the drive through a suitable connecting structure so as to be moved reciprocably relative to each other while being rotated about the preselected axis concurrently with the first display. The connecting structure may include a control lever which is pivotally mounted with portions at opposite sides of the pivot connected to the second and third displays, respectively, for effecting reciprocal movement thereof toward and from each other. The connecting structure may include a motion translating structure effecting operation of the reciprocating structure as the result of the rotation of the first display about the preselected rotation axis.

Abstract: A firearm having marking elements as an integral part of its bore surface which are arrayed according to a code indicating the identification number of the firearm so that any bullets fired therefrom will bear markings corresponding to the marking element array which markings will indicate the identification number of the firearm. The marking elements being an integral part of the firearm cannot be removed without damaging or disabling the firearm. A wide variety of marking element arrays are possible so that a large number of identification numbers may be encoded.

Abstract: A stern fishing system utilizing a power block and purse seine net which is launched and retrieved from the stern of a fishing boat. When the net has been pursed, it may contain fish such as tuna, as well as a number of porpoises. For ecology reasons, the porpoise should be released unharmed. Such release is accomplished by driving the fishing boat forward so as to cause the edge of the net most aft of the fishing boat to be temporarily submerged permitting the trapped porpoise to leap from the confines of the net and back into the open sea.

Abstract: A fishing lure comprising a hollow body in which is encapsulated a solid state electric circuit, including light emitting diodes (LED's). Two LED's are seen through translucent eyes and a plurality of LED's are arrayed along each side of the body. An LED flasher/oscillator and a capacitor causes the LED's to flash on and off intermittently. A magnetic reed switch contained within the body is disposed alongside a non-magnetic tube containing a permanent magnet therein. By jarring the body, the magnet is moved from one end of the tube to the other, and at one end it causes the magnetic reed switch to close and energize the circuit and activate the lure.

Abstract: A fish lure has a top plate-like strip mounted on a closed loop and extending diametrically across the loop perpendicularly to a fishing line affixed to the top of the loop. A pair of bottom plate-like strips are mounted on the loop in the bottom part thereof and extend at an angle with each other. Each of the bottom strips is mounted on the loop at one end in angular relation with the top strip. Each of the bottom strips is essentially planar and curves slightly at its farther end from the loop. Fishing hooks are affixed to the distant ends of the bottom strips.

Abstract: An animal trapping apparatus has a pair of box-shaped jaws that are held in a closed position by a biasing means at one of their ends and which are retained in an open trigger set position, against the force of the biasing means, by an actuator rod that extends between the other ends of the jaws. A sensitive triggering device for this trap is achieved by positioning the lower bait carrying end of the rod for pivotal rotary movement on the inner base surface of one of the jaws and by providing a bent catch portion on its upper end that is readily disengageable from the other jaw whenever a slight contact is made with its bait retaining end and simultaneous turning of the rod on the inner base surface occurs.

Abstract: Disclosed is a padded jaw animal trap with a shock absorber means built into the padding on each jaw in order to reduce the peak loads encountered when the jaw closes on an animal's leg. A cavity is provided between the padding face and the jaw of the animal trap such that the cavity separates the animal's leg from the steel jaw. The cavity may be filled with a gas, liquid or foamed elastomer in order to perform its function of reducing the initial shock loads when the trap closes about an animal. Preferred embodiments include an apparatus to retain the padding on the jaw of an animal trap along with a U-shaped jaw construction which facilitates mounting of padding material on an animal trap jaw.

Abstract: A portable, hand held, air suction and blower unit comprising an air inlet assembly with sequentially arranged nozzle, flexible inlet tube, and diffuser, all detachably connected to the front end of the unit body. The diffuser cooperates with the front end of the body to form a bayonet type joint therebetween. An air inlet passage extends rearwardly from the front end of the body to the tangential fan which is journaled at the rear of the body. The fan is powered by a manually wound flat spiral spring, which spring drives the fan through a gear train. An air outlet passage extends forwardly from the fan to an outlet opening also located at the front of the unit body. A removable, pervious receptacle, with an open forward end, is located in the front portion of the air inlet passage and serves to collect particles or objects which are drawn into the body by the flowing air.

Abstract: A gun-like toy device for producing controllable audio and visual effects simulating a fictitious futuristic space-age weapon. The device has a general hand gun shape with a handle attached to a central body section that has an audio speaker on its upper side and a barrel-like front end portion with attached lamps. Packaged within the body and handle are electronic components comprising battery power means, timer means for causing the lamps to flash at a controllable rate, audio generation means connected to said speaker and said power means, control means for preselecting the level and frequency and thus the characteristic mode of the sound produced by said audio generation means and a mode switch means for selecting either a continuous high pitch warbling sound or a single "shot" or blast sound that rapidly decays when a trigger means on said handle is pulled to "fire" the gun and simultaneously activate said lamp means and said audio generation means in the preselected mode.

Abstract: A plant growing device includes a two sectional base having an upper and a lower portion, wherein a mechanism is provided for the controlled rotation of the upper portion relative to the stationary lower portion, and a flower pot containing a plant is positioned on top of the upper portion. A mechanism for delivering a controlled supply of water is coupled to the mechanism for rotation.

Abstract: A rooting media in the form of a resilient, integral body of spongy open-celled hydrophilic polymer forming a first essentially continuous phase extending throughout the body and having passages therethrough forming a second essentially continuous phase extending throughout the body, a quantity of particles of soil mixture distributed throughout the body of spongy polymer and held thereby with a substantial portion of the surface area of the particles of soil mixture exposed and in communication with the passages, the exposed particles of soil mixture providing colloidal contact exchange surfaces in communication with the passages and having collectively a porosity maintenance capacity and a water holding capacity and an ion exchange capacity and a pH buffering capacity; also disclosed is a method of making such a body of rooting media, as well as a release agent useful in that method; there further is disclosed a particular form of rooting media for use in propagation by air layering and a method of propagat

Abstract: A plant aerator tube includes an elongated tubular member having opposed ends with a central axial bore extending between and through the ends. A plurality of radial openings communicate the interior of the bore with the exterior surrounding of the tubular member with a number of the openings being disposed below the surface of a plant support media when implanted therein so that air from above the media level is delivered to the root system of the plant supported in the media.

Abstract: A protective enclosure for building openings such as windows and doorways wherein the protective enclosure comprises a peripheral frame member that circumscribes the openings and pivotally mounts a transparent shielding unit. The unit which may function as a window or door, depending upon the application, is provided with a unique hinge and locking arrangement which facilitates the easy opening and closing of the unit with respect to the opening; yet one which provides security against the unauthorized entry through the opening in that the unit may not be removed from the building opening from the outside of the building when the unit is in a closed position.

Abstract: A grinding machine operating according to the plunge principle is disclosed, in which a plurality of machining units, each independent of the remaining ones, are mounted on a translatable table. If, for instance, a camshaft must be plunge-ground, each cam of a pattern piece is sensed by an independent sensing means and a grinding unit is approached to the cam of the workpiece and grinding is completed until the sensing means have indicated that the desired dimension has been attained.

Abstract: A lightweight, portable, fluid-driven orbital wet sander or the like comprising a fluid-driven, nutating action motor including a rod-like output element and a sanding or scrubbing device directly linked to a projecting end of the output element. The nutating action motor is mounted on a plate which includes a gripping element mounted on one side thereof to permit the sander to be easily held by the user. The sanding or scrubbing device is mounted in a spaced relation to the mounting plate by a transversely yieldable support means attached to and projecting from the side of the mounting plate opposite the handle side. The projecting end of the output element extends from the nutating motor through the spacing between the mounting plate and utilization device to a universal joint connection with the utilization device. The motor includes a housing confining a wobble plate which is driven with a nutating action by a controlled flow of fluid (typically water) through the housing.

Abstract: A suspended ceiling comprises a plurality of prefabricated coffer-type modules which are independently and adjustably suspended from the overhead building structure by hanger wires connected to eye-bolts mounted at the corners of the individual modules.Panels are provided between the modules to effect interconnection thereof and to complete the ceiling structure.Air handling openings are provided in the module frames and lighting fixtures may be mounted within the modules.

Abstract: An openable canopy housing having a series of movable, telescoping transparent arched panels which form the combination roof and sides. Part of the roof of the housing is formed by a horizontal beam which runs the length of the structure. The transparent panels can be selectively opened or closed to provide a structure which can be used for indoor as well as outdoor use.

Abstract: A wall structure comprising a plurality of vertically disposed and horizontally spaced columns secured to a supporting surface such as a floor or the like and extending upwardly therefrom. A vertically disposed panel member is positioned between adjacent pairs of the columns to create a wall surface. Each of the columns comprises a plurality of column members secured together by means of bolts to form the column. The panel members each have opposite side edge portions with arcuate lips or channels formed therein which are received between pairs of the column members and which engage flanges on the column members to prevent the separation of the panel members from the columns. Various embodiments of the columns are disclosed for creating corner columns, intermediate columns and dividing wall columns.

Abstract: A stable, multi-component footer is provided for supporting markers, memorials, gravestones and/or monuments in cemeteries and the like. The footer forms a hollow, generally rectangular structure for installation within a grave. It includes a pair of integral vertical side members which are spaced apart sufficiently to accommodate a casket therebetween. An upper horizontal support member extends between and is connected to the upper ends of the two side members, to provide a support plate for the monument. When the footer is assembled, its components are secured detachably by locking means comprising engageable complementary male and female elements. The locking means provides stability to the assembled footer, as well as ease of assembly. In its preferred form, the footer comprises two separate, complemental, interchangeable L-shaped components, one component being in the form of an inverted L and the other being in the form of an upright L.

Abstract: A case packer head including a grid frame for receiving a plurality of rows of abutted articles therein and a skid blade frame carried by the grid frame for article support and release action are provided, together with a movable support means for the downstream end of the grid frame, and a control member operably engages this support means to move the downstream end of the grid frame vertically so that the grid frame can be inclined downwardly for article loading action and be positioned horizontally for article drop.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the automatic evaluation of stereoscopic images by the determination of the maximum degree of correlation of identical images of an object reproduced by two objectives, for example for a range finder, wherein the two images are superimposed on one and/or two position frequency filters (82, 21, 31, 32) identical in their structures; the respective superimposed signal produced is fed respectively to one photoelectric receiver (13,14,43,44); and the output signals of the photoelectric receivers are used for indicating and/or control purposes. In one embodiment the position frequency filter (82) is moved and the output signals are correlated with each other. In another embodiment the output signals are subtracted from each other.

Abstract: A hay harvesting machine of the type having a mobile carrying frame and a header mounted thereto by a pivotal linkage including an upper link and a pair of lower swing links is provided with header flotation means pivotally connected to the lower swing links at points below a line interconnecting the pivotal mountings of said links to said header and said frame and below the latter pivotal connection in the operating position. The lifting cylinders are disposed wholly within the carrying frame.

Abstract: A rotary mower is provided with its knives secured to an elastic member and the elastic member is in turn secured to the rotating cutting element, such as a disc, of the mower. This permits the knife to move radially in response to the centrifugal forces on the elastic member. The elastic member preferably has bulged ends which are mounted in housings attached to the cutting element.

Abstract: Apparatus and process is provided in which a blast of air is directed into the tree to be harvested from the circumference of a circle which is apposed to the foliage expanse of the tree and is caused to move about the circumference of the circle as a rotating unit which rotates about the center of the circle. A plurality of nozzles may be arranged around the circumference of the circle and the blast shifted from one nozzle to the adjacent nozzle in succession alternatively. A nozzle delivering a continuous blast of air is mounted to rotate about the circumference of the circle. The rotating units are mounted on a mobile base so that they can be drawn horizontally along a row of trees.

Abstract: A haymaking machine for carrying out lateral discharge windrowing or central tedding, comprises a pair of rotary rake heads interconnected by a chassis. A control member causes the chassis to rotate about an axis parallel to the axis of the chassis. An intermediate element is articulated to the chassis about this axis and a beam extends between the chassis and a hitch device. The beam is articulated to the intermediate element about a vertical axis and is connected to the chassis.

Abstract: A mobile piecing device is providing for an open-end spinning machine of the type which has a plurality of separate spinning assemblies each having a rotatable storage spool for storing yarn as it is spun. Preferred embodiments of the invention include an auxiliary spool driving wheel for driving the storage spool during piecing operations, as well as a pair of feeding rollers for feeding the yarn to the spinning rotor and back to the spool. In order to prevent/reduce the formation of a loop and kinking of the yarn during the acceleration phase after the initial piecing, due to the different inertia movements of the spool and the thread and feed rollers, preferred embodiments of the invention include supplemental control mechanisms for controlling the course of the yarn between the feed rollers and the spool. In certain preferred embodiments, the driving mechanism for the spool is adjusted to assure corresponding rapid acceleration of the greater inertia spool as for the feed rollers and returning thread.

Abstract: A yarn rupture-suction installation or broken end-collecting installation for the drafting systems or drafting gears of spinning machines, comprising a respective suction head for each drafting system connected with an air pressure sink and having a substantially slot-shaped suction opening associated with a delivery or feed roller of each drafting system. The suction opening extends from one end situated close to the spinning triangle to an end situated closer to an air pressure sink in the direction of flow of the air.The method of operating such installation and for preventing clogging of the suction head thereof contemplates imparting to a ruptured yarn piece or broken end leading to the rupture location a different position than the path of travel of the fiber material which is further delivered to the drafting system.

Abstract: An electronic timepiece is disclosed which has at least one display function in addition to an ordinary time display function and comprises a sole electro-mechanical transducer for dividing a kept time and driving a first display function and a second display function separately.

Abstract: A digital display clock including a one-minute indicating wheel, a ten-minute indicating wheel and an hour indicating wheel which are driven by intermittent and segmental rotations through separately provided Geneva-gear mechanisms for each individual indicating section, a driving system arranged in the back of digital clock, so that the clock is able to provide a wide and effective display area in front of the clock and an excellent design for a 24 hour display digital clock with diversity.

Abstract: Timepiece comprises an upper case, a middle plate connected to the upper case, and a lower case connected to the upper case. Gear train and driving mechanism of the timepiece are supported by the upper case and the middle plate. Thus inspection and repair can be done very easily.

Abstract: An electronic watch comprising a level setting circuit which consists of a resistive device and a switching element connected between a switch and a power source. The resistance value of the switching element is much smaller than that of the resistive device and the switching element is rendered non-conductive when the switch is in its on state and is rendered conductive when the switch is in its off state.

Abstract: An electronic clock having a clock circuit in which reference clock pulses are frequency divided so as to be applied to a time indicating device for stepwise switching the time indication therein one by one unit of time for indicating the time, and the time indication is corrected stepwise one by one unit of time in timed relationship to the reference clock pulses by applying time correction pulses to the clock circuit until the correction of time is achieved. The device for correcting the time indication comprises a time correction signal generating circuit capable of applying time correction pulses of variable frequency to the clock circuit in timed relationship to the reference clock pulses so that the speed of the stepwise correction of time can be arbitrarily adjusted.

Abstract: A timepiece provided with a display device for warning a battery life is disclosed. The timepiece comprises a correction signal control circuit which is controlled by two exteriorly operable switches and which control a battery voltage detection circuit whose sampling operation together with the warning display are interlocked with the operation of one of the exteriorly operable switches which functions as a digit selection switch, correction switch and display change-over switch. A warning display for a short time can be noticed by a bearer by operating the exteriorly operable switch without fail.