Abstract: A capacitive dynamometer comprises an elastic body with a measuring cavity which is deformed in different directions when a mechanical force to be measured is applied to the elastic body. Deformation of the inner wall of the cavity in different directions are picked up in the form of changes of capacity in opposite senses by means of capacitor electrodes co-operating with the inner wall. By applying these changes of capacity to a differential capacity measuring device, a signal may be obtained which is representative of the force to be measured and is not influenced by changes of temperature, because these will change the capacity values of all electrodes in the same sense.

Abstract: An arrangement for measuring forces and pressures comprises a high-pressure ensitivity metal wire embedded in a low shear force material, such as flexible rubber, which is compressible within a load cell by means of a movable piston. The ends of the metal wire are connected to shank(s) of a jacket thermo-element which can be drawn out of the load cell under internal pressure.

Abstract: There is provided load measuring apparatus for determining loads applied to a rolling element bearing. A rolling element of such a bearing is provided with a substantially centrally disposed cavity within which is supported sensing means adapted to monitor a dimension of said cavity. When a bearing is loaded, the rolling elements will distort and the applied load is a function of the amount of distortion of the rolling elements. The load measuring apparatus is calibrated to provide the load from the output of the sensing means.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing compression and tension springs, comprising a base member having an anchor end with fixed means adjacent thereto to orient one end of a spring to be tested and an actuation end with movable means for orienting the other end of the spring, a pressure system including a fluid pressure cylinder connected to the movable means for effecting longitudinal movement thereof away from the anchor end means, valve means for establishing fluid pressure communication between a pressure source and the pressure cylinder and a pressure gauge responsive to such pressure fluid communication, shut-off valve means for limiting movement of the movable means, and other valve means for releasing pressure from the pressure system; and a method for the comparative testing and mating of springs into matched sets.

Abstract: Apparatus for towing an instrumentation "fish" in such a manner as to decouple it from vertical displacements of a towing vessel and tow line. The fish is secured to the tow line by a single pulley, on which it can move up and down the tow line, and upper and lower tethers are secured to the fish, and to upper and lower tether points on the tow line above and below the fish. Drag forces on the tethers provide a vertical restoring force on the fish, tending to maintain it in an equilibrium position between the upper and lower tether points. A wing on the fish provides substantial resistance to vertical heave, so that relatively rapid vertical movements of the tow line are heavily damped and have practically no effect on the fish.

Abstract: Two pressure-receiving members are provided within a proportional valve interconnecting a main pipe and a bypass line.The ratio of the rate of fluid flow in the main pipe to the rate of fluid flow in the bypass is held constant by moving vertically a valve plug within the proportional valve by the forces developed by the differential pressure placed across each of these two pressure-receiving members and by adjusting the rate of fluid flow in the bypass so as to keep a constant ratio of the pressure differential created across a restriction in the main pipe to the pressure differential created across a restriction in the bypass. Therefore the rate of fluid flow in the main pipe can be determined from a measurement of the rate of fluid flow in the bypass.

Abstract: A compound meter assembly is provided having primary and secondary passageways housing a high flow rate meter and a low flow rate meter, respectively. A flow responsive first valve is disposed within the secondary passageway and moves to a substantially closed position when the liquid flow is increasing through the secondary passageway and exceeds a first predetermined rate. Upon substantial closing of the first valve the liquid flow is diverted from the secondary passageway to the primary passageway. A pressure responsive second valve is disposed within the primary passageway and is held in a closed position with respect to the primary passageway while the pressure drop is below a first predetermined amount across the meter. The second valve is forced to an open position when a substantial pressure impulse is momentarily exerted on the second valve. The pressure impulse is created when the liquid flow is diverted from the secondary passageway by substantial closing of the first valve.

Abstract: A liquid level detecting device which comprises an annular float adapted to float constantly on the surface of a body of liquid subjected to level detection, a barrel passing through the float so as to guide the motion of the float, permanent magnets disposed in the float and a magnetically operatable lead switch disposed in the barrel permits the detection of liquid level to be effected on the principle that the lead switch is magnetically turned into its ON state at the time that the float, while in motion, reaches the position at which the barrel incorporates the lead switch.

Abstract: A wet/dry bulb hygrometer of the psychrometer type is used for monitoring and/or controlling humidity of a gaseous fluid having contaminants therein. The wet bulb sensor of the hygrometer is provided with a wick which is movable over the wet bulb sensor so that a fresh wicking surface is presented to the gas stream and contaminants will not render the sensor useless for accurate measurements. The hygrometer is used to monitor and/or control humidity and temperature in a textile processing environment wherein lint, fumes, condensable oils, tints and resins would tend to foul a stationary wick of a web bulb sensor and, consequently, a wick material is moved into and through the hygrometer over the wet bulb sensor and then out of the hygrometer, thus, always presenting a fresh wicking surface for the gaseous fluid stream.

Abstract: A fire, temperature or heat detection system is disclosed which comprises a cable having at least two conductors separated by insulation whose electrical characteristics vary with temperature, and means connected to the conductors of the cable for detecting variations in the electrical characteristics of the insulation.

Abstract: A temperature measuring probe which includes thermo-wires extending between bead-like temperature sensors and a coupling device which connects the probe to indicating or control equipment. A terminal member is provided at one end of the probe body with an arc-shaped transition member being provided between the probe body and the terminal member. The transition member has a substantially round cross-sectional configuration with the terminal member having a shallow rectangular cross-sectional configuration so that a substantially laminar flow of coolant through the probe body is achieved.

Abstract: Apparatus for collecting, storage and transporting liquid samples for industrial and diagnostic purposes consisting of a pliable liquid absorbent member manipulated by a handling stick for transferring the absorbent member containing the liquid sample into a sealable pouch having a flexible transparent wall and after removing the handling stick sealing the container for storage and transporting to a testing laboratory.

Abstract: Golf clubs are dynamically tested and matched with other clubs by measuring and recording angular velocity and centrifugal force along the axis of a club shaft as the club is swung on an arcuate path in a manner closely duplicating an actual golfer's swing. The club handle is clamped to a linear slide carried by a rotary slide housing having an angle of inclination approximating the lie angle of a golf club during use. Adjustable power rotational drive means swings the club and centrifugal force developed at a given angular velocity of the club displaces the linear slide to activate associated hydraulic devices which measure and record centrifugal force along the club shaft axis in relation to angular velocity of the club. Club weights are then added or removed until the desired angular velocity and centrifugal pull are achieved.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring distance between a gauge head orifice, and the front planar surface of an object by sensing acoustic pressure near the gauge head orifice. The acoustic pressure is initially generated by an audio oscillator activating a speaker which emits acoustic waves through a first orifice. Acoustic pressure is sensed through a second orifice, proximate to the first, and the pressure is converted to an electrical signal which is processed to yield a distance signal for a display. Two similar distance gauges spaced apart on opposite sides of a planar member at a known distance are used to compute the thickness of the planar member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the ultrasonic detection of pipe cavity in hot slabs, blooms, and billets to determine the optimum cropping length. An ultrasonic transducer surrounded by a water-jacket for circulating a cooling medium is embedded in a blade of the crop shear of a primary mill. The pressure of the shear blade against the workpiece is utilized to create the proper acoustic couple between the workpiece and the transducer.

Abstract: A three bellows transducer having two absolute bellows of equivalent configuration that isolate the motion detecting coils from the pressure media and respond only to change in line pressure to provide a zero shift and a large differential bellows that responds to a pressure differential to provide an electrical output which is a function of such pressure differential.

Abstract: A gauge assembly is disclosed having a casing formed of two separate cup members joined together in back-to-back relationship so as to form a relatively thick partition wall within the casing. The wall acts to reduce the possibility of parts being projected forward toward an observer in the event the gauge actuating mechanism, which is located behind the partition wall in the casing, should fail.

Abstract: A pressure sensing apparatus for measuring ice pressure forces while embedded in an ice pack is disclosed. The pressure sensing apparatus is thin in comparison to its width and length, having a stiffness similar to the average anticipated stiffness of the embedding material. The apparatus includes a housing having a first and second substantially flat plate connected at their outer edges and sensitive to external ice pressure forces. A thin member is supported within the housing between the first and second plate by a plurality of standoffs or ribs which subjected the member to reverse curvature bending upon the application of external pressures to the first and second plates. Wire resistance strain gauges are attached to the thin member to measure the strain of the member when subjected to the bending. In this manner, the pressure against the sensor can be correlated with the strain measurements resulting on the member.

Abstract: The number of steps taken while walking are counted by straining a fatigue life gauge to change its electrical resistance each time the device is stepped on by a subject. The change in resistance of the fatigue life gauge is measured to ascertain the approximate number of steps taken.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting crack length of a test piece in a fatigue test wherein crack length is automatically detected and the tip of the crack is displayed on a monitor.A test piece having a crack thereon is irradiated by a Strobo light through an optical-scope. Reflected beams from the test piece are focused on a camera tube by passing through the optical-scope thereby forming an image of the crack on the camera tube.The image is then picked up by a scan converter memory so as to be memorized for an extended period.The memorized image is then introduced into an image analyser while monitored on a monitor screen. The tip of the crack is analysed and calculated in the image analyser and the position of the optical-scope is adjusted accordingly.A command controller is employed to control an overall time sequence of the entire apparatus.

Abstract: An electromechanical switching system which includes a multi-stage gearbox which has a plurality of manually selectable gear ratios corresponding to a plurality of positions of components which are movable between these positions, apparatus for automatically locating the components in the position corresponding to the selected gear ratio, and a device for locking the gearbox in a selected gear ratio while the operation is running. The position of the components is monitored and an indication provided the operator to prevent the start before the components are correctly positioned.

Abstract: A steering column assembly comprising an elongate upper column member for connection with a steering wheel and an elongate lower column member for connection with a steering box. One member is telescopically received within the other for sliding movement between operative and inoperative positions. The outer member has a first length of its internal surface adjacent the received end of the inner member when in said operative position that is dimensioned to fit closely on the inner member. The outer member has a second length extending from its first length toward its receiving end which is of greater internal dimension than said first length to provide a clearance.

Abstract: A motion transmitting remote control assembly of the type for transmitting forces along a curved path by a flexible motion transmitting core element movably supported within a conduit. An elongated adjustment member having teeth disposed on the bottom flat side of its irregular shaped cross section is attached to the conduit at one end and extends through a passageway in a support member adapted for attachment to a support structure. An L-shaped metal latch member is supported in a guideway in the support member and includes an aperture with a tooth extending along one edge of the aperture for engaging the teeth along the bottom of the adjustment member. A spring biases the latch member in a direction so that the tooth in the aperture thereof engages the teeth along the adjustment member. A pair of flanges extend into the passageway of the support member adjacent one end to define a generally T-shaped opening.

Abstract: A spring actuated differential mechanism for controlling the angular position of one or more vanes which is particularly suitable for use in a guidance system for a guided weapon. A pair of vanes are mounted on an axle and a bevel differential is mounted centrally between them. The pivots of one set of bevels is normal to and solid with the vane axle and meshing therewith is a second set of bevels coaxial with but free on the vane axle. Each bevel of the second set of bevels is connected to one of a pair of large pinion gears which are induced to turn in opposite directions by an associated coil spring. Each of these pinion meshes with a small pinion, rotation of which is governed by a low power solenoid controlled escapement. Momentary energization of one solenoid permits a desired rotation of the associated escapement and a correspondingly smaller rotation of the associated large pinion and bevel.

Abstract: A method is disclosed wherein the teeth of a saw are set and, after setting a certain number of teeth and simultaneously with setting the last tooth, the saw blade is cut off and the cutting tool is withdrawn from the cutting zone before the saw is fed along the pitch. The machine includes a frame which carries an appliance for gripping the saw on the sides, a mechanism for the pitch feed of the saw, tooth-setting tools secured on the ends of the arms which are kinematically linked with a machine drive, and a pair of knives for cutting off the saw blade. The knives are located after the tooth-setting tools in the direction of pitch feed. One of these knives is secured on the saw-gripping appliance, while the other one is kinematically linked with one of the arms carrying the tooth-setting tool for joint movement with the latter. The machine provides for manufacturing saws with any required number of teeth.

Abstract: A device for tensioning a screw bolt wherein the device comprises a lifting cylinder having a piston and arranged on a support ring and means responsive to the piston for engaging the screw bolt in a positive locking manner including: a first member engaged by the piston; a second member hinged to the first member; and guide surfaces for pressing the second member against an engagement surface of the screw bolt in a positive engaging and self-locking manner.

Abstract: An apparatus for recovering in usable form the undamaged portion of a damaged roll of paper. The roll of paper is supported on its core so as to permit unreeling. A pivotable cutting assembly is positioned so that its power driven blade cuts the undamaged portion away from the damaged portion as it is unreeled. A roller means is positioned so as to support from below the damaged portion of the roll.

Abstract: A continuous material, such as a block of urethane foam, is moved at a constant speed in a longitudinal direction on an infeed conveyor. A stationary cutting platen is situated at the end of the infeed conveyor. A cutting saw is movable in the longitudinal and vertical direction above the platen. A piece of the material, once cut, is carried away by an outfeed conveyor adjacent the platen. The movement of the conveyors and the longitudinal and vertical movements of the cutting saw are coordinated so that the cut of the material is always completed over the cutting platen.

Abstract: A feeding and cutting device in which a continuous web of sheet material provided with spaced transverse central slits is step advanced by feeding means along a web path to cutting means comprising a movable blade and a stationary blade arranged on opposite sides of said web path on a fixed cutting plane substantially at right angles to said web path, said feeding means advancing the web so that, at the end of each advancing step, one slit is located a short distance downstream from said cutting plane; reciprocating pushing means being operable, at the end of each advancing step, in a direction towards said stationary blade and parallel to said cutting plane to engage the web downstream from said one slit so as to depress the leading edge thereof; and return feeding means being operable, in a direction opposite to said feeding means and before operation of said movable blade, to displace said web backwards until said depressed leading edge engages a lateral downstream edge of said stationary blade.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for punching spaced binding holes in discrete stacks of bound pages, the apparatus being characterized by a front stop member and a conveyor belt releasing member whose motion is synchronized with the punch strokes. This action together with use of a joined punch and die assembly in the apparatus adapt the resulting structure for rapid, accurate punching of binding holes in pages received in discrete stacks from a high speed automatic stitcher-binder or the like.

Abstract: A cut-off saw assembly for building logs wherein each log is positively advanced to a stop area comprising an array of power actuated stops at varying distances from a cut-off saw, the saw being actuated after the log has been stopped and clamped firmly to a table through which the saw blade is advanced and retracted.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus for severing a wire continuously advanced through the apparatus along a wire path in a feeding direction parallel to the wire axis, comprises a carriage supported for displacement parallel to the feeding direction; two cutting members connected with the carriage; a support arm articulated to at least one of the cutting members; a displaceable anchor member to which the support arm is articulated by means of a support joint arranged on the support arm at a distance from the cutting member; a drive for moving the carriage in and opposite the feeding direction to cause, with the cooperation of the anchor member and the support arm, a motion of the cutting member in an arcuate path towards and, subsequent to severing, away from the wire and the other cutting member; and a force-exerting arrangement for shifting the anchor member to effect a displacement of the support joint and the support arm for affecting the course of the arcuate path of the cutting member.

Abstract: Trimmer apparatus for trimming the edge of an endless belt of felt, fabric, or other similar material. The apparatus provides quick-release pins for easy removal of the cutting apparatus from the mounting brackets. The mounting brackets are adjustable in both the vertical and horizontal direction to provide the desired knife orientation. A mounting bracket angle retainer maintains the mounting brackets in a perpendicular relationship to one another while still permitting both folding and adjustment of the mounting brackets.

Abstract: An electromagnetic pickup device for use in a tone generator of an electronic piano includes a plurality of vibratory reeds and pole pieces of pickups which are so shaped that each reed and pole piece are opposed to each other in a range from the neutral position of the reed to a position within its maximum vibrating amplitude at one side. In output signals of the pickups, the balance of fundamental and odd- and even-numbered harmonics is improved to generate a tone which is close to that of a normal string piano.

Abstract: A system for the selection and phase control of humbucking coils in electromagnetic guitar pickups to permit the musician to easily select different sounds using digital memory means for storing different combinations of gate control bits to select the pickup coils to be used, the phase of the coils selected and the output level of the selected coils combined. A three-way switch is used to count up, count down or hold a memory address for selection of a combination. The address is displayed for verification. Memories may be prestored ROMs, or alterable RAMs in which write enable control is controlled by a three-way switch. Three address counters may be provided to permit the musician to quickly select from three predetermined combinations through operation of a three-way switch.

Abstract: A tone synthesizer in which a musical tone of selected fundamental frequency is generated with a resonance effect at selected harmonics of the tone. The resonance effect is produced by adding an amplitude modulated carrier signal to the musical tone, the carrier signal being modulated by a signal having the fundamental frequency of the musical tone and the carrier frequency being an integral multiple of the fundamental.

Abstract: There is described a tone generator in which waveform amplitude data is generated from a table of sinusoid values in an addressable memory by changing the addresses as a function of time in a periodic or sinusoidal manner. The effect is to produce a sequence of sinusoidal values from the table which correspond to a series of points on a frequency modulated carrier signal. By making the effective modulation frequency equal to the carrier frequency, the resulting frequency modulated signal corresponds to a carrier with side bands that correspond to harmonics of the carrier. The relative amplitudes of these harmonics can be varied as a function of time to produce the sliding formant effect of a synthesizer.

Abstract: In a circuit for simulating the sound produced when a stringed instrument, such as a bass viol, is plucked, square wave signals of different frequencies from a tone generator are combined to produce a synthesized sawtooth waveform which is applied to a low pass filter to remove the extremely high order harmonics, and then applied to an amplifier the gain of which is controlled in accordance with an envelope signal having a fast attack and a relatively slow decay. The resulting amplified signal is applied to an off-center-biased amplifier which alters the harmonic content of the output signal as a function of decay time such that when the signal is acoustically reproduced it closely simulates the sound produced when a bass viol string is plucked.

Abstract: A stringed musical instrument comprised of a support, a plurality of strings secured to the support and adapted to vibrate when strummed, the strings defining a playing area and being arranged in groups of octaves. A set of manually operable keys is disposed outside of the playing area with each key being associated with a corresponding one string in each octave. A damper bar is secured to each key and extends in a direction transverse to the strings and is disposed beneath the strings. One end of each damper bar is coupled to a pivot point and a plurality of damper elements are secured to each damper bar, the damper elements on one bar being associated with, and positioned beneath, a respective one string in each octave. All of the strings are accessible for strumming from above, and the strings can be strummed over substantially the entirety of the playing area including portions of the strings which overlie the damping elements. Bias elements bias all of the damper bars to a quiescent position.

Abstract: The invention as described herein consists of a string mounting apparatus as may be used with stringed musical instruments to improve the quality of the sounds emanating therefrom and to provide high quality reproductions of sounds as the musical instrument is played.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for indicating finger pattern information for a musical stringed fingerboard instrument comprising at least one type of first indicia in a fingering pattern specified by pairs of coordinates representing allowable locations for fingering the stringed fingerboard instrument to sound musical tones of a chord or scale, and a repositionable string stop series for selecting a correlation of the ordinal number of at least one string stop of the stringed fingerboard instrument with the indicia of the fingering pattern.

Abstract: A centrifugal aerosol dispenser assembly capable of dispersing a cloud of particulate aerosol material in a predetermined geometrical configuration. The dispenser assembly is formed of two parts, a mount and a dispenser. An ejector mechanism having a portion thereof on said mount and a portion thereof on said dispenser expels the dispenser from said mount with a spin motion. A plurality of dispensing compartments located within the dispenser contains the particulate material therein, and, at a predetermined time after ejection thereof releases its contents in a predetermined geometrical configuration due to the centrifugal forces acting thereon.

Abstract: A gun has a projectile housing and a cartridge chamber, aft thereof, aligned between a barrel and a breech bolt containing a striker. The striker is positioned to impact on primer caps of expendable propellant cartridges, which are placed in the cartridge chamber from a spring-loaded magazine or other conventional means and then ejected when spent. A helical projectile duct, concentric with a bore in the projectile housing intersects the bore just forward of the intersection of the bore with the cartridge chamber, for automatically placing projectiles, one by one, into the bore. A gas port leading from the cartridge chamber enters the projectile duct at a distance from the intersection of that duct with the bore such that gas therefrom will urge a selected number of projectiles into the bore whenever a cartridge is fired.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus with a vertical drive mechanism for in place machining f a valve seat which may include an annular turntable adapted to be rotatably mounted on the valve above the valve seat. A feed shaft is mounted through the turntable so as to be rotatable therewith, and a bottom of the feed shaft is adapted to receive a cutter for machining the valve seat. The vertical drive mechanism is mounted on the feed shaft and includes a nut threaded in the feed shaft and a gear combination. The gear combination may include a first portion which is fixedly connected to the nut, a second portion which operatively engages the first gear portion, and a third portion which operatively engages the second gear portion, the third gear portion being mounted for rotatable slidable friction engagement about the nut.

Abstract: A rotary hydraulic pump or motor has a piston-carrying rotor having a face engaging a port plate which includes a high pressure port. A valve arrangement is responsive to the pressures in the high pressure port and in successive ones of the rotor bores to provide that variation in these pressures causes variation of the position, relative to top-dead-center, at which successive rotor bores communicate with the high pressure port through by-pass passages, and thereby substantially equalize the pressures in the bores and the high pressure port. The port plate and rotor also include passages by which the pressures in the rotor bores can be increased rapidly after their respective top-dead-center positions.

Abstract: A fluid circuit including an actuator, a flow-direction change-over valve and a pressure source. The actuator includes a piston-rod-side chamber and a piston-head-side chamber which are partitioned by a piston. In a fluid path leading from the piston-head-side chamber to the flow-direction change-over valve, there is provided a flow-rate-control, pressure-regulating valve assembly for regulating a fluid pressure to be fed into the piston-head chamber, thereby saving energy required for a return stroke of a piston. In another fluid path leading from the piston-head-side chamber to the flow-direction change-over valve, there is provided a check valve and throttle valve assembly. The check valve in the valve assembly may be of a type which allows the flow of a fluid only in the direction towards the piston-head-side chamber (a meter-in control) or may be of a type which allows the flow of a fluid only in the direction from the piston-head-side chamber (meter-out control).

Abstract: Variable displacement cam driven piston pump having means for the stepless adjustment of the length of the pump stroke. The stroke adjusting means has pivotally mounted spaced parallel levers, the levers being interposed between the cam and the piston of the pump, the levers being mutually coupled in their movement by a means adjustably arranged along the length of said levers, said levers being disposed on the opposite sides of a plane defined by the contact points between the lever coupling means and the levers.

Abstract: Worm to rack piston seal for power steering gear having a resilient cylindrical body with internal thread construction conforming to the profile and lead of the worm for a rack piston nut. During powered right and left turns, the seal is pressure loaded radially for improved fluid sealing and relaxed during low pressure conditions when there is no steering input for improved returnability of the rack piston nut to its centered position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming reinforced top file folders wherein a paperboard web is first sent through a cutting and scoring station where the web is severed transversely and the various score lines are formed therein, including one which is a relatively short distance behind the leading edge of the portion thus severed. In a subsequent station, an adhesive is applied in the form of a stripe immediately behind the score line. A hold down means is provided beyond the stage of adhesive application and is positioned such as to be received against the score line. A turnover means is positioned beyond the hold down means for folding the tab portion upwardly while the score line is received against the hold down means. A substantially right angle bend is thereby achieved between the forward marginal or tab portion and the score line with the adhesive behind it.

Abstract: A plate type punching machine in which sheets of paper supplied to the machine are transferred intermittently while held by sheet holding pawls on endless chain belts. Upon reaching the punching die, each sheet is formed with cut lines. This sheet is placed on a board and the cut sections are removed by remover bars in remover bar frames arranged movable vertically on both upper and lower sides of the board. The board is supported by a support which is carried by a mount such that the support is movable out of or into one side of a machine frame. The end on one side of the mount is pivotally secured to the machine frame by pins so that the mount is pivotable up and down about the pins. The other side end of the mount is pivotally joined to rods whose other ends are joined to eccentric shafts connected to a bevel gear. The bevel gear is meshed with another bevel gear secured to an end of a shaft which has provided at its other end a handle.