Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for automatically controlling the strain rate during superplastic forming of a blank of material into a part. The method and apparatus produce a part in a minimum time by deforming the material in its optimum superplastic conditions. A relationship is determined between time and the pressure required to form the blank against the configured surface of a die at a strain rate which causes the blank to flow superplastically. The blank is positioned in the die and held at a temperature at which the material exhibits superplasticity. Pressure is automatically applied across the thickness of the blank in accordance with the previously determined relationship between time and pressure until the part is formed. The apparatus comprises conduits connected to a die and to a high pressure gas. Valves in the conduits regulate the pressure applied to the blank. A controller receives command signals from a programmer which is programmed with the desired time vs pressure relationship.

Abstract: Apparatus for the cross wedge rolling of parts of bodies of revolution of reduced diameter, the apparatus including a tool having the shape of a cam, the active surfaces of which are parts of the surface of a body of revolution the axis of which is eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of the tool, the tool having a calibration part advantageously following the reducing part of the tool.

Abstract: A sheet metal bending tool with first and second former members, one rotatable on a first axis, the former members being movable toward and away from each other on another axis normal to the first axis, the formers having opposed clamping faces, the rotatable former member having two clamping faces angularly related to each other by an angle equal to the angle of rotation during bending, the clamping face of the second former being toothed.

Abstract: A drive of a hydraulic screw press comprises a power cylinder incorporating a movable member connected with the press slide. A limit switch actuated by the downward travel of the slide opens a shutoff valve which permits fluid to flow through an adjustable flow-restrictor to actuate the piston of a pneudraulic cylinder within a preset time period determined by the adjustment of the flow restrictor. At the end of the preset time period, the rod of the piston will have traveled a distance sufficient to actuate a limit switch to control a valve arrangement for discharging the pressure in communication with the power cylinder. The slide is returned to the initial upper position by a cylinder under a constant pressure.

Abstract: An ultrasound wattmeter for measuring the magnitude of energy radiated by a therapeutic ultrasound applicator includes a sealed, oil-filled housing within which a float assembly is suspended. The float assembly includes an ultrasound reflective float as well as a coil and a vane supported by the float. The float assembly assumes a null position in the absence of ultrasonic radiation. A window in the housing permits the application of ultrasonic energy from the applicator to the float for urging the float assembly in one direction from the null position. A magnet mounted on the housing adjacent the coil urges the float assembly in the opposite direction in response to energization of the coil. A light source and a light responsive device are located adjacent the vane for providing a position signal corresponding to the position of the float assembly.

Abstract: A hydrogen detector of the type in which the interior of the detector is partitioned by a metal membrane into a fluid section and a vacuum section. Two units of the metal membrane are provided and vacuum pipes are provided independently in connection to the respective units of the metal membrane. One of the vacuum pipes is connected to a vacuum gauge for static equilibrium operation while the other vacuum pipe is connected to an ion pump or a set of an ion pump and a vacuum gauge both designed for dynamic equilibrium operation.

Abstract: A quantitative analysis of the concentration of the individual components in a sample is obtained using a chromatographic analyzer without the need to calibrate the chromatographic analyzer detector. Two chromatographic analyzer systems are utilized to analyze two identical samples using two different carrier fluids. The difference in the response of the two chromatographic analyzers is proportional to the difference in the properties of the two carrier fluids being measured by the chromatographic analyzer detectors and the concentration of the desired component of the sample. Because the proportionality does not involve the property of the individual sample component being measured by the chromatographic analyzer detector, it is possible to obtain a quantitative analysis of the concentration of the individual components of the sample without the need to calibrate the chromatographic analyzer detectors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for conducting measurements on at least two physical properties, such as resistance to air permeation, diameter, weight, hardness and length, of cigarette filters. At least two measuring devices are used for conducting the measurement of designated properties, respectively.

Abstract: A method for determining and assuring that the pressure charged in a fuel rod is retained therein after the rod is sealed by welding a hole closed in the fuel rod end plug. The fuel rod end having the open end plug therein is sealed in a plenum chamber of known volume. A helium source then charges a first chamber to a predetermined pressure, and after isolating the helium source, the first chamber is discharged into the plenum chamber and the fuel rod. If a pressure sensor in the system indicates a relatively high reading, the end plug has not permitted gas to pass into the fuel rod. A relatively low reading indicates that the fuel rod has been pressurized and the hole in the end plug is then welded shut. To verify that the end plug is properly sealed, the plenum chamber is vented to a third chamber of known volume and the system pressure is then determined. If such pressure reaches a predetermined high value, the end plug weld is defective.

Abstract: Improved apparatus for counting particle contamination in a liquid which is adapted for either on-line or bottle sampling. It includes a hydraulic cylinder and piston arranged to be actuated to eject a measured volume of sample liquid through a particle counter and sensor device at a pressure which will drive liquid entrained air into solution or compress the same such that air bubbles will not be counted. The measured volume is effected by operating the particle counter device only during piston travel between predetermined locations in the cylinder with the cylinder liquid connected to a hydraulic system only through the counter device. Valving is provided for operator selection of on-line or bottle sampling. When no sample is being taken a portion of the liquid flowing in a main hydraulic system flows through conduit means which is a part of the sampling circuit in parallel with a portion of the main circuit, of which conduit means the cylinder forms a part.

Abstract: An inwardly opening valve type, fuel injection nozzle is provided with a part or parts thereof electrically insulated relative to its housing and the movable injector valve therein so that when the injector valve is closed an electrical circuit can be completed through the injector valve and housing and when the injector valve is moved to an open position, the continuity of this circuit is broken, By connecting an electrical continuity tester to this circuit, the opening and closing of the injector valve can be detected and can be used to set the timing of a diesel engine.

Abstract: A strain gage load cell for measurement of weight or other forces. The load cell includes opposite and relatively massive end constraints, a pair of stabilizer flexures connected between opposite end constraints in a parallelogram type frame, a sensing beam with a first end supported by one of the end constraints, and a load directing flexure between the other end constraint and a second end of the sensing beam. The load directing flexure intersects the midpoint of the sensing beam and causes equal tensile and compressive stresses along a common surface of the beam upon which the strain gages are mounted.

Abstract: Two resistance strain gages are secured to a cantilever beam at each of two parts thereof near its fixed end of lower rigidity than the other parts of the beam and are connected to constitute opposed arms of an electrical bridge, the free end of the beam being further supported in a manner permitting longitudinal displacement but prohibiting transverse displacement of the beam, and a mechanical quantity in the form of a mechanical force is applied to a selectively variable point on the beam, whereby the mechanical quantity is converted into a corresponding electrical quantity as the output of the bridge.

Abstract: Electrodes for an electromagnetic flow meter are mounted through a pipe wall using pairs of concentric electrodes electrically insulated from each other and from the mounting pipeline while electrically contacting a fluid in the pipeline being measured for flow rate. The electrode pairs are held on the pipeline wall on a line intersecting the fluid flow at a right angle and are electrically connected to supply signals induced by the fluid flow to a measuring circuit. The concentric electrode structure provides two electrode pairs at each electrode site on the pipeline wall.

Abstract: Information is conducted upwardly from a location deep within a well by a transmitter which is located in the well and induces electrical currents in the surrounding earth formation. These currents are sensed at an upper location by readout equipment connected to two electrodes which are in electrical contact with the earth at spaced locations. One of the electrodes is at a subsurface location and is connected to the readout equipment by an insulated conductor. In offshore drilling situations, the specified subsurface electrode is at the very least located beneath the surface of the ocean or other body of water through which the well extends, and in most instances is preferably embedded within the earth formation under that body of water, and at a location spaced beneath the seabed.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for detecting flaws in sheet material of the character which increase the surface height of the sheet material. The apparatus includes a pair of horizontally parallel driven lower rolls and three upper rolls each mounted on a corresponding pivotal bracket. Two of the upper rolls are associated with one of the lower rolls and are axially spaced apart therealong, and the third upper roll is associated with the other lower roll and positioned therealong to span the space between the other two upper rolls. Each of the upper rolls is rotatably supported by the corresponding bracket for pivotal movement toward and away from the lower roll. Each upper roll bracket is provided with a pair of adjustable stop screws, one adjacent each of the opposite ends of the corresponding upper roll, and each adjustable stop screw carries a switch actuator screw which is adjustable relative to the stop screw.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for simultaneous testing of one or more hydraulic control systems, each system having a hydraulic pressure pump whose high-pressure end is connected to a first tank in which a first piston element having a relatively small surface is movable and whose low-pressure end is connected to a second tank in which a second sealing element, which has a relatively large surface and is coupled with the first piston element, is movable in such a way that under normal working conditions a constant compression ratio is maintained in the system and each individual system includes at least one working unit between the high-pressure end and the low pressure end while, for use on a test unit with a pressure pump of its own, its high-pressure end is connected to the high-pressure end of each system to be tested and the low-pressure end is connected by way of a tank to the low-pressure end of each system to be tested, at least one pressure regulator for each system being inserted between the tank to the te

Abstract: A fluid pressure operated system adapted to identify malfunctioning components in the system with pressure and flow indicating devices incorporated in the system to continuously monitor fluid volume and pressure. Further, each control or regulating component utilized in the system, as well as rotary or linear motion producing components are provided with shut-off valves, which are operable to selectively isolate any component from the rest of the fluid system. Accordingly, by isolating in turn each component from the rest of the system and observing fluid pump output and pressure, a faulty component is easily identified for replacement or repair. In a hydraulic system the pressure and flow indicating devices are incorporated in the system's relief valve. The flow indicating device having a calibrated end portion externally visible, rests on the valve spool and accordingly signals the spool position relative to the valve seat to provide an accurate indication of hydraulic fluid by-passing to tank.

Abstract: A highly compact electromagnetic flowmeter unit interposable between the flanged ends of upstream and downstream line pipes for metering fluid passing through the line. The flowmeter is constituted by a ferromagnetic ring within which a pair of electromagnet coils is supported at opposed positions along a diametrical axis normal to the longitudinal axis of the ring, the longitudinal axis passing through the central flow passage of an annular pressure vessel. The vessel, which is formed of high-strength insulating material, is molded within the ring and encapsulates the coils as well as a pair of electrodes disposed at diametrically-opposed positions with respect to the flow passage along a transverse axis at right angles to the coil axis to define a unitary structure. The unit is compressible between the end flanges of the pipes by bridging bolts that pass through bore holes in the pressure vessel or lie outside the ring to encage the unit.

Abstract: An electromagnetic flowmeter in which a low-frequency rectangular wave is supplied to the electromagnet coil of the flowmeter to produce an excitation current establishing a magnetic field which is intercepted by the fluid passing through the flow tube to induce a signal voltage in the electrodes disposed in the tube. This signal voltage is proportional to flow rate and is accompanied by an objectionable D-C noise component. To eliminate this noise component, the signal voltage is passed through a first high-pass filter, and to compensate for errors introduced by this filter, the signal voltage derived from the first filter is divided by a comparison voltage derived from the excitation current, but only after this comparison voltage passes through a second high-pass filter having essentially the same characteristics as the first filter.

Abstract: A vortex-shedding flowmeter in which a shedder is transversely mounted in a flow tube through which the fluid to be metered is conducted, the shedder dividing the flow and causing vortices to be shed alternately on either side thereof at a repetition rate proportional to flow rate, thereby producing downstream trains of vortices moving along the right and left sides of the tube. The wave span between the eyes of successive vortices in the trains has a substantially constant length determined by the geometry of the shedder. At a downstream position in the flow tube is a vane flanked by the trains of vortices and having a length no less than one-half the length of the span and no greater than the full length thereof. The vane is pivoted on a torsion shaft on its central axis which is perpendicular to the tube axis and is balanced with respect thereto.

Abstract: A displacer body is linked to a position transmitter of an analogue signal through an elastomeric body mounted in the wall of the vessel in which the displacement takes place.

Abstract: A pressure rise tube sampler for sampling liquid flowing in a conduit under high pressure including a pressure rise tube, a side arm sampler in communication with the rise tube, a first valve arrangement for permitting high pressure liquid to enter the rise tube from a high pressure liquid conduit, a liquid level control for closing the first valve arrangement after the liquid level in the rise tube has exceeded the level of the side arm and for opening a second valve arrangement to permit the liquid to be forced from the rise tube by the air which it compressed in entering the rise tube, and a third valve arrangement in the side arm for permitting liquid to be discharged therefrom into a container for analysis purposes.

Abstract: For the short-duration determination of the flowability of rubber powder after storage, the rubber powder is poured into a cylindrical container in which is immersed a resistance element. This element displays an analogue value via a torque measuring device when there is relative rotation between the container and the resistance element.

Abstract: What follows is a description of a system for detecting rotor system related vibration in a helicopter. The vibration detecting system comprises three essential units: a sensing unit or device; a control unit; and a model module. Actually, any number of sensing units can be utilized depending upon the number of locations at which the vibration is to be monitored. The sensing unit generates a signal indicative of the rotor system related vibration and delivers this signal to the control unit which operates on the generated signal and produces an output signal within a selected frequency and amplitude range. The output signal is then displayed, for example, on a scale meter. The model module is adaptable for compatibility with the dynamic rotor system of a given helicopter model and is utilized as such to set the limits of the selected frequency and amplitude range of the control unit. The model module is readily connected to and removed from the housing of the control unit.

Abstract: A spherical shaped plate and an orifice opening are oriented such that the edge of the plate can span and cover part of the orifice opening. Stops are provided to prevent a full 360.degree. rotation. The plate shape and wedge opening can be configured such that, as the angular position of the plate changes, the orifice area changes according to the predetermined relationship. The plate and the opening may be enclosed in a gas tight housing, with a stepping motor exterior to the housing coupled via a shaft passing through the housing to the plate. The plate angular position versus orifice area relationship is determined in combination with a desired linear angular position versus gas pressure curve, for use in copending patent application Ser. No. 897,821, filed herewith entitled "Quasi-Random Pneumatic Vibration Facility and Automatic Frequency Modulating System Therefor" by Henry T. Abstein, Jr., Dennis B. Page, James M. Kallis, Charles F. Talbott, Jr. and Richard L. Baker.

Abstract: A low-cost, multi-axis, quasi-random vibration system includes pneumatically driven vibrators coupled to a resonating, self-attenuating shaker structure to achieve a frequency spectrum and acceleration-level control of a broadband quasi-random vibration output in the frequency range, for example, from 40 Hz to 2 kHz for vibration testing of equipment. The shaker structure consists of flexible interconnected structures whose primary or driving structure acts to mechanically process the vibratory input of the coupled vibrators and whose supporting or driven structure supplies a further vibrational processing to supply the test item with multi-axis multimodal input. Automatic control and pseudo-random modulation of air pressure of the pneumatic vibrators provide closed-loop broadband acceleration-spectrum control and spectrum smearing to enhance frequency content and to prevent the shaker from locking onto any particular vibration frequency, especially a natural frequency of the shaker.

Abstract: Controllability and performance of resonating, compliant, simply excited, self-attenuating driving and driven sets of structures coupled to pneumatic vibrators is usefully enhanced by means of altering mode shapes by forcibly creating nodes and partial nodal lines and by means of intensifying power transmitted to test items by forcibly increasing acceleration transmissibility. These devices, when included in a vibration system, enable different test items to be vibration tested at selectable repeatable levels under controlled conditions of multi-frequency, multi-degree-of-freedom acceleration history, to achieve a frequency spectrum and acceleration-level control of a broadband quasi-random vibration output. Specific design of the size, mass, and resonant behavior of the driving and driven structure sets with appropriate transmissibility characteristics of the elastomeric interface results in controlled multi-modal, uniform RMS acceleration, multi-degree-of-freedom, frequency-bounded vibration testing.

Abstract: Pneumatically driven vibrators coupled to resonating, self-attenuating structures define a shaker which, when included in a vibration system, enables a test item to be vibration tested under controlled conditions of multi-frequency, multi-degree-of-freedom acceleration history, to achieve a frequency spectrum and acceleration-level control of a broadband quasi-random vibration output in the frequency range, for example, from 40 Hz to 2 kHz for vibration testing of equipment. The driving set of structure responds to an intense vibration spectrum, created by the attached pneumatic vibrators, with multi-modal forced and resonant frequencies in limited directions. The driven set of structure, holding the test hardware, responds with forced and harmonic oscillations to a vibration field transmitted from the driving set of structure through a specially designed elastomeric path.

Abstract: Pneumatically driven vibrators coupled to resonating, self-attenuating structures define a shaker which, when included in a vibration system, enables a test item to be vibration tested under controlled conditions of multi-frequency, multi-degree-of-freedom acceleration history, to achieve a frequency spectrum and acceleration-level control of a broadband quasi-random vibration output in the frequency range, for example, from 40 Hz to 2 kHz for vibration testing of equipment. The driving set of annular structure responds to an intense vibration spectrum, created by the attached pneumatic vibrators, with multi-modal forced and resonant frequencies in limited directions. The driven set of annular structure, holding the test hardware, responds with forced and harmonic oscillations to a vibration field transmitted from the driving set of structure through a specially designed elastomeric path.

Abstract: A continuously variable speedometer drive adapter including a housing with input and output shafts rotatably mounted therein, a first race secured to one of the shafts, a spring-loaded second race mounted freely around the same shaft, a pair of spacer balls mounted therebetween, a drive roller formed on the other shaft and frictionally confined between the races, and adjustment means for varying the position of the roller along the races to thereby vary the resultant input/output speed ratio. In an alternate embodiment, the races are operatively connected to the housing, as well as to one of the shafts, to provide a basic 2:1 input/output speed ratio to supplement the variable ratio feature.

Abstract: The drawings illustrate an endless power transmitting chain for use with V-pulleys. The chain includes a plurality of right and left-hand sets of L-shaped members rigidly connected together in a stacked relationship such that the vertically extending legs thereof define uniform spaces therebetween. Connector links are mounted in the spaces and the two sets of drive elements and connector links are secured together by a pair of conventional rocker link half pins. Tapered end faces are formed on the ends of the laterally extending legs for respective frictional engagement with oppositely disposed conical faces of the V-pulley. In an alternate arrangement, the drive links are formed from a solid piece rather than from stacked L-shaped drive elements.

Abstract: An apparatus for rotating a shaft about an axis of rotation less than one full revolution. The apparatus comprises a crank attachable to the shaft; a first link pivotally attached to the crank, the first link having a first attachment point; and a first stop for preventing rotation of the first link about the crank when the shaft is rotated in a first direction from a neutral position. A force applied to the first attachment point has a lever arm to the axis of rotation that lengthens as the shaft is rotated from the neutral position in either clockwise or counter-clockwise direction.

Abstract: Sprockets for a bicycle are disclosed which comprise sprocket bodies and a plurality of teeth circumferentially provided at the outer peripheries of the bodies respectively, at least one of the teeth on a sprocket body being slanted at its tip with respect to the center line of axial thickness of the sprocket body.

Abstract: A drive mechanism is disclosed for driving the chain of a bicycle, motorbike or the like, including a sprocket gear adapted for rotatable connection at its center with the vehicle frame, the sprocket gear periphery including a pair of diametrically opposed portions of corresponding cycloid configuration, and a pair of foot pedal crank arms connected with, and extending diametrically outwardly from the center of, the sprocket gear, the crank arms being angularly advanced, relative to the minor axis of the sprocket gear, in the power supplying direction of rotation by an angle of from about 30.degree. to about 40.degree.. In one modification, the cycloid portions are spaced in the direction of the minor axis of the sprocket gear, the adjacent ends of the cycloid surfaces being joined by tangentially arranged arcs of a circle the diameter of which equals the length of the major axis of the cycloid.

Abstract: An improved connecting link for a mining chain includes two half links and means for fastening them together. Each half link has a laterally extending bore for receiving the link pin at one end of the chain. At least one of the half links has a laterally extending wedge-shaped projection pointed toward the other half link, while the other half link has a mating recess with inclined walls corresponding to converging walls of the wedge-shaped projection. When assembled, the projection of the one half link snugly engages the recess of the other half link such that the pulling forces in the chain are transmitted directly from one half link to the other rather than through the fastening means. The fastening means can be removed even when the chain is operated between adjacent chains.

Abstract: Stepped-ratio gearing for motor vehicles incorporates a simplified arrangement for the noiseless engagement of reverse ratio, by the use of a synchronizing arrangement for one of the forward ratios.For this purpose a motion-transmitting member is connected to a shift member (for example a shift fork) and/or to a selector shaft and is effective during movement of this shift member and/or selector shaft to act upon a shift fork for a synchronized forward ratio to effect a movement of the shift fork to provide pre-synchronization, with braking of rotating elements of the stepped-ratio gearing for engagement of the reverse ratio, and thereby noiseless engagement of the reverse ratio.

Abstract: Rotatable article supporting plates with cabinet doors attached mounted on a rotatable central supporting shaft, the shaft being suspended, at least partially, from a mechanism for adjusting the vertical alignment of the doors relative to the cabinet door frame. The mechanism may be biased to maintain the doors in a preferred rotational position, e.g. a closed door position relative to the door frame. The preferred rotational position of the mechanism may also be adjusted to rotationally align the doors in their closed door position in the door frame. The mechanism includes a cam gear disposed in a housing which rotates on a sawtooth track in response to the adjustment of a threaded member to raise or lower the shaft and doors.

Abstract: Device for damping vibrations in a rotating turbomachine rotor is formed of an assembly of a plurality of centrally apertured rotor discs force-lockingly clamped together by a tie-rod passing through the apertures of the rotor discs and damping elements disposed in a ring slot formed between the tie-rod and the inner periphery of the rotor discs, the damping elements being actuatable for damping vibrations in the rotor in dependence upon centrifugal force generated by the rotating rotor.

Abstract: A dryer section of a web making or web processing machine comprises a plurality of drying cylinders disposed in spaced relationship so as to provide drying surfaces for alternately drying both sides of a web. The section comprises one or more sets of paired drying cylinders, each set being driven by a single drive coupled to each cylinder in the set by a gear reduction unit supported by the dryer journals. The gear reduction unit is so constructed and arranged as to accommodate a substantial range of spacings of the set of cylinders which it drives, and also a substantial amount of relative deflection of the journals.

Abstract: Infinitely variable speed ratio gear drive with reversible output-end direction of rotation, featuring a mechanical power train and a further power train incorporating an infinitely variable and reversible torque transmitting unit which preferably comprises a hydrostatic pump and a hydrostatic motor. The two power trains are re-joined in a planetary gear train, with the mechanical power train delivering its power to the sun gear and the further power train delivering its power to the internal gear via an intermediate transmission and the planet carrier being connected to the output. A third power train with a hydrodynamic converter which also delivers its power to the internal gear can be provided in addition.

Abstract: A dual path, dual range transmission utilizes two simple planetaries with a sliding shaft shift wherein a first ring gear is in constant mesh with the first planet gear, the second ring gear is connected with the first carrier and the second ring gear is also in constant mesh with the second planet gear. A variable speed device, drivingly connected with the input shaft, controllably varies the rotative speed of a variable speed control shaft which is connected with the first and second sun gears. The input shaft is also independently drivingly connected with the first ring gear and the second planet carrier, with the output shaft being connected with the first carrier.

Abstract: A drive assembly includes a casing containing a planetary gear assembly. A speed control arrangement is provided in association with the planetary gear assembly to vary the speed of rotation of an output member relative to the speed of rotation of an input member. The speed control arrangement includes a first disc pack which is engaged under the influence of a spring to prevent relative rotation between a ring gear and a planet carrier. A second disc pack is also engageable under the influence of a spring to prevent rotation of the ring gear relative to the casing. Hydraulic motors are selectively operable to release the disc packs against the influence of the associated springs. In the event of a failure in the source of hydraulic fluid, both disc packs are engaged with a resulting braking of rotation of the driven wheel. A secondary or towing clutch is selectively disengageable to release the output member and wheel for rotation, even though both of the disc packs are engaged.

Abstract: A stepless variable stroke drive particularly suitable for a bicycle transmission has a crank driven input element comprising a carrier housing journaled for rotation on a spindle. Mounted within the carrier, journaled on individual axles, radially spaced to the spindle, are four planet gears which engage an output sun gear. Recessed into one side of each planet gear is a concentric channel whose outer circumference is constructed with ratchet teeth and whose inner circumference journals a crank ring having pawls for engaging the ratchet teeth. The ring also has a follower which engages a cylindrical cam channel fixed on and adjustable to various eccentricities relative to the spindle. As the carrier housing rotates, the crank ring follower engages the cam channel causing the crank rings to angularly oscillate at an amplitude proportional to the cam channel eccentricity.

Abstract: A drive transmission system having input and output shafts inter coupled by an idler gear arrangement which provides us in a constant meshing relationship with the input and output shafts. A load responsive device on the output shaft allows controlled relative movement between the output shaft and the idler system such that the drive ratio of the transmission system is related to the load on the output shaft.

Abstract: A method of working saw teeth whereby the saw involved is fed to an abrasive wheel for the purpose of grinding the edges of the saw teeth, the surface layer of the edges of each tooth being ground is heated in the course of the grinding process to a temperature approximating to the melting point of the saw material, and the saw is subsequently imparted a pitch-feed movement relative to the abrasive wheel. During the pitch-feed movement each tooth tip heated in the grinding process is bent by bringing the side surface thereof in contact with the shaped surface of a tooth tip supporting element, whereby the teeth of the saw are set, the setting of the saw teeth being performed only in the zone of the tooth tips.

Abstract: A clamping device for stretching sheet material, such as a canvas painting, about a frame member is disclosed. The apparatus of the invention comprises a hand-held clamping device which includes a pair of pivotally connected jaw-carrying members that are movable from an open position, in which the opposing jaws are spaced apart from each other, to a clamping position in which the opposing jaws are placed in tight engagement with each side of the canvas or like sheet material. The first jaw carrying member comprises an elongated handle-type structure or arm that is pivotally connected with the second jaw-carrying member. The latter comprising a plate-like structure having two parallel sides which form a groove for receiving the first jaw-carrying member.

Abstract: An apparatus for stripping a three-wire armor covered, lead jacketed, insulated flat electrical cable comprising a guide roll means for feeding the cable into a stripping means; a stripping means having adjustable cable cutting means for longitudinally cutting the cable in a plurality of places to adjustable depths and die means for stripping the lead jacket and the insulation from the wires; and a pulling means for evenly pulling the cable wires from the guide roll means and through the stripping means.A method is also provided for stripping the cable, wherein the cable is fed into a stripping means, the cable is longitudinally cut in multiple predetermined places to adjustable depths, the armor cover is removed, and the lead jacket and insulation are removed.

Abstract: A flange turning tool adapted for use with flanged pipe couplings, wherein the wrench comprises a head member having a reduced, extending, jaw member which is provided with a cylindrical key pin that extends laterally and outwardly therefrom. The key pin is arranged to be received in any one of a plurality of openings located about the flange member of the pipe coupling. The annular periphery of a thrust flange will engage the shoulder defined by the rear enlarged portion of the head member. The head member has a threaded bore to receive a conventional bar or extension handle. When force is applied to the bar, the flange is locked between the key pin and shoulder and is then either tightened or untightened, depending on the direction of force applied thereto.

Abstract: A method of machining solids of revolution by a rotary cutting tool whose effective portion is shaped as a solid of revolution set on a spindle and having a circular cutting lip, said solid of revolution being imparted rotation during the cutting process, wherein the tool axis is positioned in the plane parallel to the basic plane passing through the axis of machine centers and makes up an angle with the projection of the axis of machine centers on said plane. The distance from the plane of the tool axis to said basic plane and said angle of setting the tool axis are estimated using the following relation:H=(D/2) sin.omega.+(d tg.omega./2.sqroot.sin.sup.2 .phi.+tg.sup.2 .omega.)whereH is the distance from the plane of the tool axis to the basic plane passing through the axis of machine centers;D is the diameter of the workpiece being machined;d is the diameter of the circular cutting lip;.omega. is the central angle of setting the tool point with respect to the basic plane;.phi.