Abstract: A can end trimmer has a main rotary support shaft with a radial turret plate. A plurality of self-contained cutter unit cartridge assemblies have radial head flanges directly connectable to one side of the turret plate with driven members in each cutter unit cartridge automatically engaging control members mounted on the turret plate for effecting movement of a transversely shiftable cutter knife into engagement with an axially fixed cutter knife for effecting rotation of both knives to trim the end from a can held in a vacuum chuck. A shim between the cutter unit cartridge and the turret plate cants the axes of the knife members with respect to the can by a very small amount normally less than 2.0 degrees to effect a smooth burr-free cut of the can end. Stripper pin means surrounds the can being cut which in turn surrounds the axially fixed knife with a reciprocating stripper plate on the pins being easily removed during replacement of the cutter cartridge unit.

Abstract: Described is a method of making fluid-issuing openings through the wall of flexible plastic members, particularly fluid conduits, by forming each opening through a small radius of curvature portion of the conduit wall while the respective wall portion is of curved oblong shape in cross-section, such that during use of the conduit, it assumes a circular shape, thereby increasing the radius of curvature of the wall portion and reducing the cross-sectional area of the outer part of the opening formed therethrough. The method is particularly described for producing linear-source water irrigation emitters which have a smaller sensitivity to clogging, which are easier to clean, and which have a smaller sensitivity to pressure variations in the water supply line.

Abstract: An apparatus for stacking filled flat bags advanced thereto in at least one coherent row forming a bag web of indeterminate length, comprises an advancing arrangement for feeding the bag web vertically downwardly; an orienting arrangement for imparting a back-and-forth oscillating motion on the downwardly advancing bag web; a collecting arrangement situated below the orienting arrangement in the path of the bag web for receiving the bag web in zigzag-folded layers; and a synchronizing arrangement for coordinating the operational speed of the advancing arrangement with that of the orienting arrangement for determining the length of the zigzag-folded layers deposited on the collecting arrangement.

Abstract: Apparatus for use with a food slicer comprising a conveyor for location adjacent to the said slicer and adapted to receive slices of food as they are cut by the slicer; a pump for generating hydraulic pressure, a motor driven by said hydraulic pressure; passageways between said pump and said motor; means for drivingly connecting said motor to said conveyor; a flow limiting valve in the passageway between the pump and the motor for limiting the speed at which the said motor drives said conveyor; and means for periodically increasing the fluid flow to the motor temporarily to accelerate said motor.

Abstract: Panel cutting apparatus in which a supporting structure defines a vertically extending surface of engagement with a panel to be cut, a panel edge rest downwardly bounds the surface, a saw carrier is guided on the structure for horizontal movement along the surface, a saw unit may be moved vertically on the carrier in sawing engagement with a panel in the surface of engagement, and an improved gripping arrangement for gripping a vertically extending side edge portion of the panel includes a slide guided on the supporting structure in a vertically extending path, a pair of clamping jaws on the slide, and a moving device for moving respective clamping faces of the jaws toward and away from each other into and out of clamping engagement with the side edge portion of the panel.

Abstract: Two fixed blades are provided at substantially right angle with each other with a juncture line thereof being in the transverse direction and opposite to the terminal end of a feeding conveyor passage of a sheet material to be cut. Two movable cutter blades are also provided at substantially right angle with each other opposite to the fixed blades in such a manner that one cutter blade coacts with one fixed blade and the other cutter blade coacts with the other fixed blade to cut the sheet material at substantially right angle with respect to the plane of the sheet material. The two movable cutter blades are made to alternately advance and retreat at a predetermined timing.

Abstract: A double bay industrial saw having delivery mechanism to receive timber cants of substantial size selectively directed to either saw bay where a single source of power operates multiple saw systems respectively operable to produce different types of boards with different edge configurations simultaneously as selected and desired. The cantilever type of pairs of arbors at opposite sides of a central housing respectively support sets of cooperating saw blades on driven arbors separately driven and supported upon separate arbors, and chippers if required to form edge configurations are also mounted upon said arbors, whereby the saws produce finished cuts in the cants to form completed products at the delivery end of the machine. Various feed rollers and cooperating pressure rollers insure positive feeding of the cants to and through the sawing regions of the machine.

Abstract: A portable radial saw consisting of a planar work table, an arm extending horizontally over the table, being pivoted on a vertical axis to the table adjacent one edge of the table and guided for movement concentric to its pivotal axis adjacent the opposite edge of the table, being connected to the table by vertically yieldable connectors whereby to rest by gravity on work pieces supported on the table, a carriage movable along the arm and adapted to carry a power saw operable to saw a work piece on the table as the carriage traverses the table, clamps operable to secure both ends of the arm solidly against pivotal movement, and a gauge operable to preset the depth of the saw cut despite the variable elevation of the arm above the table.

Abstract: An electrical string-instrument having a plurality of conductive strings, a support member stretching the strings, electromechanical transducers respectively corresponding to the strings, magnetic field generating means for generating a constant magnetic field to cover therewith the strings, an electrical circuit for producing feedback signals from the outputs of the electromechanical transducers, and feedback signal supply means for supplying the feedback signals to flow feedback currents in the strings, and vibrate continuously in cooperation with the magnetic field.

Abstract: An electronic musical circuit simulates the sound of a wire brush rotated around the head of a snare drum by differently amplitude modulating and bandpass filtering in separate channels a noise signal derived from a suitable source and summing the modulated and filtered noise signals from the separate channels to produce a sound imitative of the rhythmic variations in pitch and amplitude produced by wire brush rotation on the head of a snare drum.

Abstract: A helical anchor of the type in which a helical coil surrounds a connecting bolt in attachment with a nut element. Rotation of the connecting bolt causes the coil to expand radially outwardly into gripping engagement with a side wall into which the anchor is received. The end turn of the coil is welded to the nut element. A generally annular notch is provided at approximately the heat affected zone of the weld. The weld is fracturable. Upon take-up of the anchor a break in the weld occurs after which time the notch advantageously provides for outward expansion of the end turn of the coil.

Abstract: An integrally molded plastic fastening element comprises a head portion, a longitudinally extending body portion having a pair of longitudinally extending pillar-like parts, and a pair of substantially rigid locking arms pivotally connected to each other at their adjacent ends. The rigid arms are pivotally connected to the body portion at the ends of respective pillar-like parts at positions radially adjacent the cross section of the body so that the rigid arms bear the bulk of the load applied to the fastener. The advantages of this structure include enhanced load bearing capability and ease in fabrication. In a preferred embodiment, the body is provided with a central passageway, and the pillar-like parts are curved radially inwardly in order to spring bias the walls of the passageway against an elongated retaining member inserted therein and to spring bias the arms in an over-center locking position.

Abstract: A release assembly using separation nuts and thrusters for ejecting a body ith spin from a vehicle. The separation nuts are manifolded together in pairs so that failure of one squib of a pair will not affect actuation of the separation nuts, the separation nuts connecting the body to the vehicle. A pair of thrusters is manifolded together so that a single gas cartridge actuates both, the thrusters being situated to impart radial and axial components of velocity to the body upon separation to eject the body with spin from the vehicle. An electrical command energizes the squibs and gas cartridge simultaneously to actuate the separation nuts and thrusters.

Abstract: A pantograph machine is provided for producing either by enlargement or reduction copies from a master model. A tracing head and cutting head move together but relatively. The cutting head moves in a rotary manner and the translation of the relative motion between the cutting head and the tracing head is variable to accommodate different contours with a minimum of damage and faithfulness of reproduction.

Abstract: The brake booster is connected in the hydraulic circuit containing the vehicle's power steering system. It is placed downstream of the power steering gear. A multi-functional accumulator/relief valve is provided. This valve functions as the flow restriction seat portion of the control valve to normally operate the booster, provides pressure relief to limit boost pressure to a predetermined maximum, and operates to controllably release pressure of an accumulator to the booster in the event that the power steering pump is not able to adequately perform as a pressure source for the brake booster.

Abstract: A two stage vacuum break or fluid motor device of the type used to control choke valves of internal combustion engine carburetors. The motor uses a single diaphragm in which the fluid motor plunger operates in a first stage in response to movement of a portion of the diaphragm and in a second stage in response to movement of the entire diaphragm. The stages of movement are under the control of separate sources of manifold pressure which may be made available to the device independently of each other. The two stages of operation may be used to control one or more choke valves through a single output plunger or to control a pair of output plungers movable independently of each other.

Abstract: An air motor comprising a cylinder, a piston, and a valve mechanism for controlling the supply and exhaust of air to and from opposite ends of the cylinder, the valve mechanism comprising a D-valve and an actuator for the D-valve operable by the pressure air for driving the piston, movement of the actuator being controlled by valves at opposite ends of the cylinder for exhausting air from opposite ends of the actuator, these exhaust valves being operated by the piston, and the motor having means operable by the piston at each end of its stroke for restricting the exit of air from the cylinder to cushion the piston and prevent it from striking the ends of the cylinder.

Abstract: A distributor for hydraulic motors, particularly radial-piston hydraulic motors, wherein an excellent hydraulic seal is provided in the area between the motor housing and the fluid distribution plate by the utilization of a tubular sleeve located in front of the distribution plate. At least two annular steps located on said sleeve which engage with corresponding annular steps on the housing provide such seal.

Abstract: A roll of embossed paper towelling in which the embossing comprises lands and valleys between the lands wherein the lands are in rows extending at an acute angle to the longitudinal direction of the towelling. The acute angle of the rows of lands offsets each land with respect to the lands of the next adjacent turns or layers of the towel in the roll. That causes the layers to be held apart, and the desirable characteristics of the towels are preserved. There is also apparatus and a method for producing the embossed paper towelling. An embossing roll has a continuous spiral row of embossing elements or patterns which produce the embossing on the towelling. The spiral rows are at an angle of the order of five degrees from the longitudinal edges of the towels, i.e., the edges extending in the direction of the embossed sheet.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of bags from a web of plastic film, such as polyethylene and the like, which is unreeled from a parent roll and caused to pass over a forming device to provide what is known as a "J" fold. More particularly, it provides a method and apparatus for producing double streams of side-welded bags in heat-welded pad form, wherein two "J" folds are provided on opposite sides of the film as it is unreeled from the parent roll to form two oppositely-disposed bags, severable from each other, and suitably mountable in stacked form as welded pads, or for mounting on wickets, pins, or the like. It also provides a novel stack of bags in pad form adapted to be mounted on clip boards or the equivalent, or on wickets, pins, or the like, and each individually severable from the pad to receive and package various types of merchandise.

Abstract: A variable pleat filter paper pleater with rotary scoring means is disclosed. A large roll of resin impregnated paper is passed through rotary scoring means to score the paper to facilitate folding (pleating). The paper is drawn past or through the rotary scoring means by drive rollers. The rotary scoring means rotational speed may be varied with respect to the drive rolls. The scored paper passes from the drive rolls into pleating means which causes the paper to form pleats. The pleated paper is passed through an oven to cure the paper. The cured or partially cured paper is placed in porous canisters. Lids are sealed on each end of the canister to form an air filter for vehicles.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a teapot and a cover therefor. The cover is hollow and radiused at the top tapering to a slightly larger radius at the bottom. The hollow cover is sufficiently large and operates as a food warmer when the perforated disc is placed across the opening of the tea making chamber. The perforated disc allows the penetration of steam into the hollow cover of the teapot creating a food warmer, thus conserving energy by making use of otherwise unused steam. The teapot having a removable circular band, with attached teabag holders, which fits within the interior of the tea making chamber is of a size slightly less than the interior diameter of the tea making chamber and allows for use of the standard teabag without the string and label being attached, thus eliminating the teabag string from falling into the infusing substance during the infusing process and further eliminating the dangers of the teabag label coming in direct contact with the heating source.

Abstract: A continuous cooking or sterilizing process employs apparatus wherein particulate foods are cooked under pressure in and by the cooking sauce with which the food is eventually packed in containers. The sauce is externally heated in a heat exchanger to the sterilizing temperature, and the food and sauce are cooled under pressure by injecting cooled sterile sauce into the hot mixture of cooked product and sauce before the mixture is released to atmosphere. By cooking the product directly in the sauce, product flavor is enhanced and upon cooling, the absorbed sauce is cooled below the flash temperature preventing damage to the cellular portions of the food particles on pressure release. Thus during the canning operation, only a relatively short reheat of the sealed containers and possibly the product is necessary to resterilize the outer portions of the food particles, the cooking sauce, and the interior of the containers.

Abstract: There is disclosed a chalupa frying utensil usable in conjunction with either deep fat fryers, deep sauce pans, or relatively flat skillets. The utensil comprises a multiplicity of thin perforate sheet metal plates connected together for opening and closing movement upon manipulation of a pair of handle sections connected to the outermost plates. Means are provided to secure the handle sections together. The perforate plates are selected to prevent sticking of the chalupas to the plates.

Abstract: The rotisserie and brazier comprises a cabinet being closed on its side walls and top and having a pair of doors hingedly mounted on its fowardmost terminal side, a firebox being a trough-like member being coextensive in width and mounted at the lower rearward portion of the cabinet, a grease trough being mounted parallelly adjacent the firebox in the lower forward portion of the cabinet, and a suitably driven rotisserie shaft being journally mounted in the cabinet wherein one of the journals is detachably secured and the opposing journal is hingedly secured to the rotisserie shaft to permit the rotisserie shaft to be pivoted out of the cabinet. The rotisserie and brazier may be further provided with an improved holding basket for retaining meat on the rotisserie spit, and various devices for adjusting the firebox with respect to the meat. The rotisserie and brazier may also be provided with a transporting carriage assembly to permit towing by a motor vehicle.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in printing devices whereby type may be set and bumper stickers and other items printed with an increase in speed and convenience on equipment of inexpensive design by providing a system of slots which line up metal type and then lock them in place for printing.

Abstract: The ink return circuit of a flexographic printing machine, for receiving ink from the ends of the gutter formed by a stereo transfer roller and a pressure regulating roller, comprises, at each end of the rollers, a vertical deflecting spout for receiving ink from the gutter, each spout having three doctor blades comprising a first blade extending substantially along the line of centers of the rollers and inclined to form an overflow and two lateral blades extending perpendicular to the first blade and to the end faces of the rollers. The spouts are biased against the end faces of the rollers and form part of a set of interchangeable spouts.

Abstract: To make a gravure cylinder, a metal cylinder is formed with recesses in its surface in a regular pattern and all of substantially the same depth, the recesses constituting gravure cells separated by cell walls. A different material, generally a plastics material, is then used to overfill the cells and the filled cylinder is subjected to the action of a surfacing tool, the operation of which is controlled not with reference to the axis of the cylinder but with reference to the cylindrical surface formed by the tops of the metal cell walls.

Abstract: There is provided an improved automatic recirculating duplicator adapted for duplicating from a master or plate selectively onto one or both sides of paper sheets. It is characterized by a single printing couple. Sheets are fed from a paper table to a printing nip between a printing cylinder and an impression cylinder for printing on the first side and, through operation of a controlled gripping and stripping apparatus, the sheets are turned about the impression cylinder for collection with the printed sides down on a paper tray. The paper tray is then shifted to the feeding location normally occupied by the paper table, and the gripping and stripping apparatus is reset for feeding the sheets, now printed on both sides, directly to an exterior receiver.

Abstract: A hollow charge ammunition particularly for dispersive weapons comprises a hollow charge having a forward end face with a recess and with a barb-forming liner in the recess overlying the end face. A folded member, such as a bellows-like structure is disposed in the recess and extends across the end face and it is unfoldable into an aerodynamically-formed stable structure extending outwardly forwardly of the recess. The device includes means such as a compressed gas for unfolding the member into the outwardly extending position at which it forms an aerodynamic surface.

Abstract: The body of a magnetically levitated vehicle is carried by a support structure wherein chassis components support the body through first springs and wherein the magnets are secured to the chassis components by second springs. Each of the first and second springs comprise respective bellows filled with fluid. The pressure or volume of the fluid in the second spring bellows is adjustable in response to the fluid pressure or volume in the first spring bellows. For this purpose the second spring bellows communicate operatively with the respective adjacent first spring bellows, preferably through adjustable valves.

Abstract: A smoke control device for use in motor vehicle incineration. Smoke from burning vehicles in an incineration area is directed into a collecting chamber by controlled air flows and flaps. Updrafts evacuate the chamber and force the smoke into a combustion stack. The column of smoke in the stack is raised to combustion temperature by heaters mounted on the stack. The superheated smoke is combined with heated air in the vicinity of an open flame causing combustion resulting in a clear stack discharge.

Abstract: An elongate combustion chamber is inclined at a 50.degree. to 80.degree. angle to the vertical, is connected at the lower end face to a feed duct through which fuel is pushed into the chamber and is open at the upper end face. The side walls forming the lower part of the chamber are downwardly converging and the free edges are spaced from each other at a distance decreasing in the direction of the open upper end face from the lower end face to form a primary air opening from a primary air channel therebeneath, the tapered opening covered by corresponding downwardly converging solid side walls connected at an apex and spaced from the other walls to form an air passage therebetween from the primary air channel to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: There is disclosed mechanism for controlling the workpiece pressure grippers of buttonhole bar tacker sewing machines, such machines having means for selectively cutting the buttonhole either before or after the sewing operation. The controlling mechanism comprises a first disengaging member for controlling the pressure grippers, and a second disengaging member for selectively starting and stopping the machine. The two disengaging members are disposed in the path of rotary motion of at least one part coupled in the motion both with the device for driving the workpiece support plate of the machine and with the cam which controls the cutting knife of the machine.

Abstract: There is disclosed a buttonhole bar tacker sewing machine with a device for controlling the length of the buttonhole terminated by a wedge bar tack, the machine having a support plate for the workpiece and control members for exerting a reverse motion in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the buttonhole. The control device comprises a first cam, a cam for forming a wedge bar tack and at least one further cam coupled in its motion with the first cam for bar tacking the eye of the buttonhole. The further cam for bar tacking the wedge bar tack of the buttonhole is arranged reversibly rotatable about its axis of rotation and adjustable in its angular position and adjustable relative to the first cam and is further reversibly coupled in its motion with the reversible motion of the support plate in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the buttonhole.

Abstract: Apparatus for automatically sewing workpieces along edges of each workpiece extending in different directions, in which a workpiece is automatically turned when it has been stitched along one edge for stitching it along the next edge, by blowing air on the workpiece to swing it around, using the needle of the sewing machine as a pivot, and in which workpieces are automatically entered in the sewing machine for being stitched and automatically removed after they have been stitched.

Abstract: A rows-and-columns array of indicator lamps, each lamp associated with a selectable stitch pattern, is provided on the machine housing, with one pushbutton switch per column of indicator lamps. In a first embodiment, when a particular column and row contain the single illuminated one of the lamps, depression of the pushbutton switch associated with a different column terminates illumination of the presently lighted lamp and instead effects illumination of the lamp of the same row but in the column associated with the newly depressed pushbutton switch, whereupon repeated pressing of the newly pressed switch causes the illuminated state to shift, lamp by lamp, along such column. Alternatively, when the illuminated-lamp indication is located in a particular row and column, depression of the pushbutton switch associated with a different column causes the illuminated-lamp indication to jump to that column, and in particular always to a predetermined lamp within that column, e.g., the first therein.

Abstract: A method for insuring that a traveling buttonhole presser foot, which is normally spring biased to an initial start position prior to movement of the traveling part thereof during the formation of a buttonhole, is located in the initial start position. As an initial step prior to the formation of the buttonhole, the sewing machine is operated for at least one stitch with the reversible feed regulating system thereof arranged to feed the work material in a direction to relax the biasing spring.

Abstract: An underbed thread trimmer mechanism for severing the needle and bobbin threads upon completion of a sewing operation. Operation of the thread trimmer may be selectively initiated by operator command. A plurality of cams and members cooperate to transfer power from a loop taker shaft to a thread handling disc-like member situated in close proximity to the sewing machine loop taker. A thread cutting knife is disposed in covering relation to the thread handling member and cooperates with the thread handling member to trap the needle and bobbin threads and direct them to a knife surface of the thread cutting knife where they are severed. The mechanism that drives the thread trimmer resets itself at the completion of the thread cutting cycle.

Abstract: A tape cassette for a tape recorder comprises a cassette housing having a pair of hubs therein, a predetermined amount of magnetic tape wound around said hubs and a display member having widening resiliency provided between said hubs.

Abstract: "DIAL-A-METRIC" is a measuring device with top and bottom rotating dials and a stationary center dial inscribed with six calibrated scales on two sides. The top and bottom dials have three die cut hairline windows on each side. When the two dials are rotated, the six windows reveal twelve different calibrated scales that converts existing American weights and measures to the International metric system.

Abstract: A system for continuously quench-pickling cast rod from a continuous casting machine wherein molten metal is poured into a mold of a casting device and cooled and solidified into a continuous solid bar, the bar is elongated and reduced in its cross-sectional area to form continuous rod, and the rod is arranged in a coil. The surface of the hot rod from the rolling mill is contacted with a pickling fluid, such as a citric acid solution, after the rod leaves the rolling mill and before the rod is arranged in a coil, to simultaneously quench and pickle the rod.

Abstract: A machine for treating a pipe interior includes a carriage movable longitudinally through the pipe. A support structure is mounted on the carriage and journalled at the top of this structure is a tubular shaft which is mounted to rotate about its own longitudinal axis with that axis being substantially aligned with the corresponding axis of the pipe. Secured to one end of the tubular shaft is a pair of material-conveying tubular arms which are radially disposed with respect to the shaft. A supply hose leading to a source of pressure-driven fluid material is coupled to the opposite end of the tubular shaft. At the junction of the tubular shaft and arms, there is a deflector member which deflects a particular fluid material flowing through the shaft into the amrs so as to be discharged against the pipe interior as the carriage moves through the pipe.

Abstract: A spraying system for applying a coating to articles includes a spray booth having a back, a reciprocating spray gun, and an exhaust fan to pull atmosphere from within the spray booth through said back to collect undeposited spray coating material and to exhaust solvent vapors released within the spray booth. The back is movable and has a vent opening having an area substantially smaller than the area of the back, the remainder of the back being impervious to booth atmosphere. The spraying system also includes means for reciprocating the movable back in synchronism with the reciprocating spray gun so that said vent opening is maintained directly before the spray gun during operation.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing excess developer liquid from the surface of a photoconductor carrying a layer of developer liquid of a predetermined thickness in which a mechanical barrier extending across the photoconductive surface is positioned at a distance from the photoconductor surface which is less than said predetermined thickness, in which the surface and the mechanical barrier move relative to each other so that the mechanical barrier has a trailing portion with reference to the direction of relative movement, and in which a low-pressure air barrier is provided in the region of adjacency of the surface and the mechanical barrier to inhibit wetting of the trailing portion of the latter by the developer liquid.

Abstract: There is disclosed a collapsible screen assembly for use in connection with enclosing and encircling an animal litter station formed by opposed sidewalls, a back wall and having an open front portion, and further including a removably engageable top wall, each of the opposed sidewalls being formed by a series of three sidewall panels, each being reversely hinge mounted to the next adjacent panel, the back wall being formed by a series of two back wall panels, each of the back wall panels being hingedly secured with one of the opposed sidewall panels thereby to accommodate only an interior hinge movement with respect to the back wall panel, and the top wall being formed by a series of three top wall panels wherein the first and third panels are reversely hinged mounted to the middle panel such that the opposed sidewalls may be reversely folded one panel with respect to the next with all panels being foldable against the two back wall panels which are in turn exteriorally hinge mounted together, and the top wal

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a toilet seat element having an upper planar or flat surface with an oblong hole therethrough wide at a back portion and tapered to a narrow width at a forward portion of the hole, has an uprightly mountable back-shield element which may serve alternately as a urinal or a back for support of a backwardly-leaning child, alternately positionable at any of different mounting positions located along a length of the hole from the wider portion to the narrow portion, with the back-shield element extending across the hole transversely along the width thereof such that when positioned near the back a wider hole is exposed and when positioned near the front a narrower hole is exposed, and with a ramp mountable at alternate positions providing for the climbing to the toilet seat element from the floor level, and each of the ramp and the back-shield element mounting mechanisms also providing clamping mechanisms preventing the toilet seat element from shifting laterally thus ma

Abstract: An automatic device for feeding domestic animals with liquefied food. The device comprises a canister containing powder for preparing liquefied food, a feeder connected thereto, a tank containing liquid for preparing the liquefied food, a valve for opening and closing the tank, a mixer connected to the feeder and the valve to mix the powder and the liquid therein, a pipe for supplying the mixture of the powder and the liquid to feeding plates, a 24-hour program timer for setting feeding time and an electrical control circuit for working the feeder, valve and the mixer upon receipt of a signal from the program timer.

Abstract: Method of and means for heat generation by producing vapor i.e., steam, by subjecting liquid to friction of a magnitude to vaporize the liquid in a substantially vertical passage into one end of which the liquid is delivered under pressure and from the opposite end of which the steam is received from the passage for use. Vaporization may be effected as part of a one-way system or of a recirculation system.

Abstract: In a power plant, a solid state sequence is provided for starting an FD or ID fan, or for changing the fan speed in response to the position of the fan inlet vanes. The sequential process is self-calibrated since process events control the stepping operation of the sequencer. At the operating fan speed, boiler air flow and pressure are controlled by fan inlet vane position in accordance with plant load demand. When the fan speed is changed, a multiplier circuit causes the fan inlet vanes to reposition so as to minimize air flow changes as the fan speed changes. When one of multiple FD fans or multiple ID fans has its speed changed at a time a fan balancer control, which normally equalizes air flow, is biased to permit different fan flows through the different speed FD or ID fans.