Abstract: A heat pump providing semi-continuous or substantially continuous refrigeration and/or heating in which liquid working fluid in a vaporizer vaporizes at a low pressure by extracting heat from a cold heat source and the vapors are adsorbed in at least one solid adsorbent body. The adsorbent is subsequently heated to desorb vapors at a high pressure, and the vapors condense by giving up heat to a heat sink at a relatively high temperature. The condensed liquid is returned via pressure-reducing means to the vaporizer, and the adsorbent body is cooled. There may be several adsorbent bodies undergoing heating and cooling out of phase with each other.

Abstract: A double effect absorption refrigerating system having improved thermal efficiency is provided wherein a solution concentrated by a high pressure generator is, after being used to raise the temperature of a weak solution fed to the high pressure generator and before being fed into a low pressure generator, heated with heat energy transferred thereto from a refrigerant passed through a tube within the low pressure generator.

Abstract: A flexible coupling comprises first and second coupling halves, at least a part of the first being inserted into the other, and the two coupling halves being linked together for transmission of power by means of resilient elements, these elements being surrounded over most of their surface and precompressed by the coupling halves.

Abstract: A pair of centrifugal governor are combined in an unit for providing a compound spark advance characteristics.A second advance cam and a pair of weights are placed above a first advance cam and a pair of weights. All weight support pins and additional pair of spring support pins extend from the second advance cam so that all the governor springs for the both centrifugal governors are disposed on the second cam plate to connect the weight support pins and spring support pins, thereby connecting the cam and weights. As a result, a compact and easily adjustable centrifugal governor unit is obtained.

Abstract: A safety coupling between a driving coupling and a driven coupling has a shear pin operative connection that shears upon overload, allowing relative movement between the two couplings. The shear pin is urged to establish a second operative connection after limited relative movement between the couplings. In each operative connection, respective stops retain the pin against further displacement. In one application, soil working rotors are rotated by shafts coupled to tool supports. One or more of the driving shafts can be connected to its driven support through a shear pin. A flange on the shaft has an opening that houses the lower part of the pin and the tool support has a bore that houses an upper pin part. Upon shear, the flange turns and a spring urges the remainder of the upper pin part downwardly, whereupon a recess in the flange engages that part and a second operative connection is established.

Abstract: The invention relates to woven hollow structures.Its object is to provide a method and a machine making it possible to obtain hollow reinforcements of revolution by three-dimensional weaving using rods 11, circumferential yarns 12 and radial yarns 13. In the network of rods 11 made to rotate around the axis 16 are introduced and woven the yarns 12 and 13, the latter being knitted by a needle 28 in the form of a chain stitch, and the helical layers of yarns thus formed, resting on a plate 20 to which is imparted a progressive downward movement, slide along the rods 11 and are tamped by fingers 30 over which is mounted a pressure plate 38.Application to the fabrication of woven reinforcements of complex shape for hollow bodies of revolution in plastic material.

Abstract: The disclosure is of apparatus and its use to treat textiles with fluids such as dyes, resist chemicals and like agents. The apparatus is particularly useful for space-dyeing textiles such as skeins of textile yarn. The apparatus comprises an enclosure having an opening and defining a treatment chamber, a closure, means for introducing predetermined measures of the treating agent and means for compressing the textile within the treatment chamber. By the method of the invention, textiles are disposed in the treatment chamber and compressed. While compressed, the fluid agent is uniformly dispersed under pressure in portions of the interior of the body of the compressed yarn and in a proportion just sufficient to effect the desired treatment. The apparatus and method of the invention are more efficient than prior art methods and apparatus, reduce water requirements and reduce the potentially undesirable impact of a textile treating process on the environment.

Abstract: In apparatus for applying application liquid to a web of material moving therebelow, the apparatus including a pan, an application roll supported for rotation in said pan and a doctor blade which can be brought into contact with the edge of said roll to scrape liquid therefrom, the doctor blade being directed so that the liquid will flow in a film onto the web of material therebelow, the apparatus is made self supporting to permit it to be disposed directly above and closely adjacent to the web by a construction which includes: first and second side plates spaced apart with the roll extending between the side plates and supported in suitable bearings; a cross beam attached to said two side plates extending therebetween directly behind the roll, the pan being disposed between the plates and having a portion extending below the roll, with a plurality of rods attached to the inside of the bottom of the pan and supported by the cross beam; and a pan stiffener which is an integral portion of said pan secured to th

Abstract: A padlock presents a straight shackle axially slidable in seats provided in two wings obtained in the padlock body, so as to be capable of closing a U-shaped recess defined by the said wings. The shackle is locked in its closure position by a latch pin the movement of which is controlled by the rotation of a cylinder of a cylinder lock of known type, housed in the padlock body. An armour jacket made of steel is vested onto the side surface of the padlock body, thus conferring to the padlock a protection against attempts of breaking open. The said armour jacket also serves for closing the bores for the pin tumblers and the bore for housing the latch pin, and of any other bore made in the side surface of the padlock body for housing the components of the padlock mechanism.

Abstract: A composition useful in isothermal forging or sizing of metal articles comprising a major amount of a glass moiety fusible at a temperature below forging or sizing temperature, and a minor amount of a finely divided abrasive moiety dispersed in the glass moiety and having a predetermined hardness.

Abstract: A container for drawing or ironing dies is particularly useful but is not limited to can making. It includes an outer ring having an inwardly extending flange at one end and a disc secured to its other end so as to provide a peripheral space for receiving at least three segments which are resiliently urged against a die ring. The radial length of the slot is greater than the radial length of the segments so that the die ring can be displaced from the normal axis of the die pack. Means co-axial with the normal axis of the die limit inward movement of the segments.

Abstract: A double-acting press for precision deep-stamping requiring a plurality of passes comprises two tool assemblies arranged coaxially facing one another. The first tool assembly is constituted by a hollow stem double-acting hydraulic stamping jack, the head of which contains a cascade of annular dies, one for each pass required, of internal size decreasing from the first pass die situated at the free end of the head. The first pass die bears on its front leading surface the male blank-cutting punch and the spacing of the leading surfaces of two successive dies is at least equal to the height of the blank after its passage through the first of said two dies. A second hydraulic jack, called a central jack whose body is fast to and coaxial with that of the stamping jack has its stem passing coaxially through the hollow stem and the head of the latter.

Abstract: A power impacting device includes two driving pistons, an inner piston, and an outer piston concentric with the inner piston. Pressurized fluid is supplied first to the outer piston and then to the inner piston to drive a two-piece fastener through material which it is to fasten together. The fastener includes an outer component which is driven by the outer piston, and an inner component which is driven by the inner piston to cam tip portions of the outer component radially outwardly to tightly hold two or more workpieces together. The fasteners may be automatically fed to the impacting device, and frangible links provided therewith for engaging riflings in the barrel of the impacting device to impart a rotational velocity component to the fasteners when they are driven. The impacting device is inoperative unless it is pressed into contact with the surface into which fasteners are to be driven and a handle safety mechanism is operated, and a loading gate allowing the feed of fasteners to the device is closed.

Abstract: Method of detecting ply separations in carcasses comprising the steps of entering the carcasses into a drying chamber, heating the carcasses to a temperature of about 100.degree.-130.degree. C., discharging the carcasses from the drying chamber and inspecting them in respect to visible deficiencies and apparatus for carrying out said method comprising a drying chamber in shape of an elongated tunnel, a conveyor for advancing the aforestated carcasses through the tunnel, an airduct connecting the inlet end of the tunnel with the outlet end thereof, the airduct including a fan for recycling a stream of air through the tunnel in a direction opposite to the direction of advance of the carcasses and a heating means to heat the air stream.

Abstract: The device comprises a converter for converting the actual temperature of metal to a digital pulse code and a clock pulse generator which are connected through their outputs to a synchronization unit. A synchronized clock pulse output of the synchronization unit is connected to a count input of a time interval counter; synchronized code pulse outputs of the synchronization unit are connected to add and subtract inputs of a reversible counter and a threshold counter having overflow outputs connected to reset inputs of the time interval counter. The device also comprises a code selection unit with its inputs connected to digit outputs of the reversible counter which is provided with a count suppression input. The device further includes a flip-flop, a NOT element, and two gates with their inputs connected to the overflow output of the time interval counter, and their outputs connected to set and reset inputs of the flip-flop.

Abstract: A torque meter for measuring the torque of a rotating shaft includes at least two sensing devices providing pulses corresponding to the rotation of the shaft. A pulse source provides clock pulses. A network connected to the sensors determines if the shaft is rotating in the proper direction and provides a signal accordingly. A circuit receiving the pulses from the sensors, the signal from the network and the clock pulses provides groups of clock pulses wherein the number of pulses in each group corresponds to the torque of the shaft when the shaft is rotating in the proper direction.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for measuring gas flow from producing wells using a dynamic pressure transducer to monitor the dynamic pressure in the gas flow. The measured dynamic pressure signal is filtered to remove high frequency components and the resulting signal is converted to a RMS signal. The RMS signal is proportional to the density of the fluid and the square of the fluid velocity. Fluid flow can be calculated by measuring the temperature and static pressure of the fluid and combining these measurements with the measured dynamic pressure.

Abstract: In an ultrasonic fluid flow rate measuring apparatus of the type having a pair of electro-acoustical transducers disposed in respective up-stream and down-stream positions relative a fluid flow and the flow rate is obtained from the difference between the oscillation frequencies of first and second oscillation circuits, the present invention includes an abnormality monitoring circuit responsive to a signal H corresponding to the output of the receiving transducer for providing an output signal W when the signal H exceeds an abnormality monitoring voltage E.sub.1, a trigger circuit for providing an output signal Z to a time difference detection circuit when the signal H exceeds a set voltage E.sub.3 and for providing in response to a signal F an output signal Z to the time difference detection circuit when the signal H exceeds a set voltage E.sub.

Abstract: An ultrasonic Doppler flowmeter is provided with a frequency-to-voltage converter comprising a pair of interconnected filp-flops triggered by the Doppler frequency and a submultiple of the transmission frequency which produces a series of output pulses having a repetition rate determined by the Doppler frequency and a pulse duration inversely related to the frequency of transmission of the ultrasonic transmitter.

Abstract: A probe for use when filling the hollow walls of an existing building with insulation. The probe in the present invention detects, by a pressure responsive means, when the insulation being distributed between the walls of a building has reached the level of the probe.

Abstract: Method for sampling air in proportion to respiration, particularly the collection of air pollutants in proportion to the actual respiration of the wearer. The method is characterized by its use of a pump supported adjacent the thoracic cavity and activated by the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity during respiration, so as to draw air through an air sampling monitor.

Abstract: A probe having a temperature sensor mounted in its tip for measuring the temperature of a body into which the probe is inserted, has a heating coil positioned on the shank of the probe near the tip, and a second temperature sensor in the tip area positioned generally between the coil and the first sensor. A control circuit is operative to energize the heater coil in response to differences in the temperature sensed by the two sensors, so that the shank of the probe is heated to track the temperature rise of the tip of the probe upon insertion into a body whose temperature is to be measured. This heat servo thermally isolates the tip from the remainder of the probe, and eliminates long thermal time constants which would otherwise be associated with the flow of heat from the tip area down the probe shank.

Abstract: An object surrounded by media of differing acoustical impedances (e.g., an anatomical organ surrounded by other kinds of tissue within the human body) is acoustically imaged by an array of ultrasonic transducers affixed to the outer surface of an ultrasonic lens. In a preferred embodiment, the lens is homocentric, with the common center of curvature of the inner and outer surfaces of the lens being located at a relatively small acoustic aperture in the body so that object points distributed over a relatively large solid angle from the aperture can be imaged with minimum lens aberations. Where the object to be imaged is a human heart, the acoustic aperture is most conveniently located at an intercostal space between adjacent ribs.

Abstract: A pushbutton tuner of minimal height achieves added tuning accuracy and repeatability and easy assembly adjustment and repair through a novel operating linkage permitting straight-line movement of the operating carriage and biasing of the operative pushbutton key in the direction of movement of that carriage, the linkage being separated into convenient sub-assemblies respectively mounted on the base and cover of the housing.

Abstract: A timer mechanism for controlling a thermostat having a control shaft, the mechanism comprising: a frame, a synchronous motor mounted in the frame, a first and second lever pivotably mounted on the frame so as to be able to take an operative and an inoperative position, cam motion transmission means operatively connected to the said motor so as sequentially to pivot the said first lever from its inoperative to its operative position, while pivoting the said second lever to its inoperative position, and from its inoperative to its operative position, while pivoting the said second lever to its operative position, first transmission means operatively connected to the said motor and controlled by the said first lever to rotate the said control shaft in a first direction when the said first lever is in its operative position, and second transmission means operatively connected to the said motor and controlled by the said second lever to rotate the said control shaft in the opposite direction of rotation when the

Abstract: According to the depicted embodiment, the novel ancillary valve rocker means comprises an ancillary valve rocker which is mountable atop the standard valve rocker, and which has a longer pivot arm, and first and second rods which communicate movement from the standard valve rocker to one end of the ancillary valve rocker, and translate the movement into a greater translation of the valve rod. The first and second rods, secondary push rods, are more widely spaced apart, whereat they engage the ancillary valve rocker than where they engage the standard valve rocker and valve rod end, and this together with the longer "reach" of the ancillary valve rocker causes the valve rod to move through an exaggerated translation. The inventive rocker means are adjustable, whereby the amount of valve rod movement may be selectively determined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a traction nipping drive employing cones, tapered cylinders, spheres and an uniquely designed angular power transfer wheel. The power transfer wheel is capable of matching the angles of the driver cones, spheres, or tapered cylinders to the driven cones, spheres or tapered cylinders, permitting them to engage each other in a point to point relationship. This point to point relationship remains continuous through the complete range of the drive. The same power transfer wheel, is thereafter also capable of engaging the cones, spheres or tapered cylinders in a point to point relationship for the entire speed range of the drive. An essential criteria of this invention is the use of a prior art technique as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,894,439. This technique employs the positive simultaneous driving of all driven and driver discs, cones and tapered cylinders, so that all surface movements are matched in the driving and driven action.

Abstract: A drive reducer for a tape recorder accomplishes a large reduction from the surface speed of a motor-driven shaft to the surface speed of a drive element for advancing a tape media such as a magnetic recording tape on a flat card. A cup-shaped element is fixed to a reducer shaft and positioned so that the inner surface of a cylindrical outer wall engages the motor-driven shaft. An idler wheel freely rotatable on the reducer shaft is positioned radially inside the cup-shaped element and is formed of compressible material with a diameter large enough for compressibly engaging the motor-driven shaft and pressing it against the inner surface of the outer wall of the cup-shaped element. Rotation of the reducer shaft is transferred to the driven element preferably by a friction sleeve on the reducer shaft and a friction disk engaging the sleeve and turning a shaft supporting the driven element.

Abstract: A bicycle having a rear derailleur arrangement for its drive chain which includes a four-bar linkage consisting of a support, two links, and a coupler, first and second pivots securing the support to the links, and third and fourth pivots securing the coupler to respective links. The support is fixedly fastened to the rear wheel shaft whose axis is parallel to a plane which is perpendicular to the parallel axes of the pivots and defines an angle of 15.degree.-45.degree. with the vertical in the normal operating position of the bicycle. A guide sprocket for the chain is secured to the coupler for rotation in a plane perpendicular to the shaft axis. All four pivots are offset from the shaft in a downward direction, and the first and second pivots are farther from the shaft than the third and fourth pivots.

Abstract: A variable-ratio angular speed converter of the gear box type is arranged so that each speed reduction setting on the output shaft is a prescribed fraction of the speed reduction of the next-preceding setting. A first tapered gear cluster is fixedly supported on the input shaft, while a plurality of similar second clusters are supported in spaced relation for rotation on an intermediate shaft. Successive speed reductions of the same nominal ratio are imparted (1) between the first cluster on the input shaft and the first second cluster on the intermediate shaft and (2) between successive second clusters on the intermediate shaft. A housing adjustably supported on the output shaft has a selector gear for engaging an arbitrary one of the gears on any of the first and second clusters.

Abstract: A safety device is disclosed for locking in an upright position a lever arm having a rotatable base with projecting stop portions. The safety device comprises a body having means at one end for pivotally mounting the body near the base of the lever arm. The body also has a recess located centrally on one side of the body and adapted to fit beneath the base of the lever arm. On each side of the recess are a pair of upwardly projecting fingers adapted to engage the stop portions of the rotatable base portion of the lever arm to lock the lever arm in its upright position. The device can be easily moved into place to maintain the lever arm in its inoperative or neutral position to prevent inadvertent movement of the lever arm in either direction.

Abstract: A collapsible shaft assembly forming part of a universal coupling, such as in the steering system of a motor vehicle, has outer and inner sleeves, a co-axial elastomeric sleeve in radial compression there between, a shaft rotatably coupled to and axially slideable within the inner sleeve and a shearable lock to hold the shaft axially relatively to the inner sleeve up to a given, minimum axial load, such as in a motor vehicle collision.

Abstract: A wheel structure such as a flywheel with hub and rim adapted for use at high angular velocities including a strong, compact and perfectly balanced coiling formed by a radiating winding of at least two cables linking the wheel hub to the wheel rim and enveloping the rim. Also the method of manufacturing of the wheel structure by winding of the cables between the wheel hub and wheel rim by cables continuously dispensed under constant tension looped around the wheel rim.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a tool for rotating elements, such as nuts, bolts, screws or like fasteners, and includes a ring having ratchet teeth, the ring being driven by a lever, a pawl carried by the lever for engaging the ratchet teeth, a flexible tension-applying member in at least partial surrounding relationship to the ring, means for supporting the pawl, and the tension-applying member being disposed between the supporting means and the lever whereby upon movement of the lever in a first direction the pawl rotates the ring through the engagement of a tooth of the ring and the tension-applying member deforms slightly to frictionally grip the ring.

Abstract: The present shackle is especially constructed for securing a wing to the fuselage of an aircraft or of a spacecraft. For this purpose the elements of the shackle intended for taking up pressure and tensile forces as well as the elements providing the necessary structural stability are made of fiber compound materials such as carbon or boron fibers.

Abstract: A gear crank for a bicycle unidirectionally freely rotatably supporting at least one sprocket wheel with a crank body integrated with a crank shaft and a pair of crank arms at both ends of the shaft and having an inner ring which is passed over one of the arms to be mounted to one end of the shaft, is fixed with a cone, and supports, through a unidirectional rotational transmission, a driven member with the sprocket wheel in a unidirectionally freely rotating relation therewith.

Abstract: A casing for and comprising an operative part of a differential mechanism for a vehicle drive. The casing consists of two identical halves, each half having walls defining a central, generally semi-annular space for differential pinions and gears, the walls being generated around the center line of the vehicle half-axles. Each half-casing also includes oppositely extending, tubular trunnion halves that also are semi-annular in shape and lie circumjacent the inner ends of the vehicle half-axles when the unit is assembled. There is a radial aperture at the pole of each half-casing in the central portion thereof for the reception of an end of a radially extending journal pin for the differential pinions. Each half-casing has a semi-circular flange of diameter larger than the central portion of the casing half. When the two half-casings are assembled, a ring gear or crown wheel fits circumjacently to the central portions of the half-casings against and is secured to the flanges.

Abstract: An improved multirange synchronous shifting hydromechanical transmission wherein an overrunning clutch in parallel with the friction clutch of the lower gear range of two adjacent ranges is used to permit bridging the discontinuity in efficiency curves of the two ranges at the shift point to sustain operation under a load condition falling between the two efficiency curves and to prevent "hunting" during shifts between the two ranges.

Abstract: A power operated wrench having a clutch means disposed to effect relative rotation between the drive means and the output spindle. The clutch means cooperates with the gear reduction system to allow the drive means to continue rotating thereby allowing repeated application of the maximum torque output of the drive means. The clutch means further effects a reduction of the system inertia which must be absorbed by a fastener after high speed run down and thereby prevents overtorque.

Abstract: A shaft supporting apparatus for a planetary gear reduction device wherein a driven shaft having a secured flange on one end is supported by both a tapered bearing and a thrust bearing. The outside surface of the tapered bearing is secured within a counterbored recess of the housing of the gear reduction device and the inner bearing bore of the tapered bearing is journaled on the driven shaft. The thrust bearing is disposed within a space between a radially extending wall of the driven shaft flange and a radially extending interior wall of the gear reduction device housing.In the presence of a radial force exerted on the driven shaft, the driven shaft is supported by the tapered bearing and the thrust bearing. By this simple arrangement, the required bearing space for supporting the driven shaft is minimized, thereby providing a thinner and lighter weight planetary gear reduction device.

Abstract: A rotating assembly (22) is used, for example, as a crank assembly in an orbiting radial motor (14) to drive ring gears (16,17) or in a multiple output speed increaser or reducer. The use of more than one rotatable section connected to a first member (30), such as more than one throw on a crankshaft, can cause unequal load sharing between the sections. The rotating assembly (22) has a first member (30), a second annular member (32) positioned about the first member (30) and a third annular member (34) positioned about the second annular member (32). A first bearing element (48) positioned between the first and second members (30,32) supports the second member (32) in rotation relative to the first member. A second bearing element (56) positioned between the second and third members (32,34) supports the third member (34) in rotation relative to the second member (32).

Abstract: A device useful in replacing springs in equipment such as chain saws, lawnmowers and the like having pull-rope starter assemblies is provided which device comprises a substantially cylindrical or similar member about which the old or new spring is wound and movably positioned on said member a collar capable of being moved into contact with and held against the wrapped spring to hold it in place while it is being moved to and inserted into the equipment. The surfaces of the element against which the spring is wound are substantially smooth to afford a ready sliding of the wound spring off the device into the operative position in said equipment.

Abstract: An automatic device for gently recovering parts upon completion of machining operations as in an automatic lathe. Automatic lathes and other cutting machines generally drop finished parts from the machining area in the absence of custom-designed recovery devices, exposing the parts to damage by falling onto hard surfaces such as other completed parts. The present invention is useful without custom adaptation to a variety of automatic cutting machines. A cushioned shovel extends from a double-acting pneumatic or hydraulic piston beneath the part as its cutting is completed and before the part is dropped from the cutting machine. The shovel retracts and turns on the piston's axis to deposit the part onto a conveyor located away from the cutting machine. Fluid controls govern motion of the piston according to the position of a cam driven by or controlling the operation of the cutting machine.

Abstract: The invention provides a device for use in the field of machine tools which includes a turret mounted rotatably on a turret-head, several equidistant tool-holders integral with the turret and provided with centering means receiving a centering pin, and centering means housed in the turret-head both to center a tool-holder in its operating position and to lock the turret in an angular position corresponding to said operating position.

Abstract: A rotary shear machine is described having a plurality of oppositely rotating hollow cylinder pairs carrying helical blades for transversely shearing several continuously moving webs perpendicular to their directions of travel. Each cylinder pair includes a separate reversible DC motor drive and an electronic digital control system regulating the motor drive for cutting sheets of predetermined lengths from the respective webs. A unique feature of the machine is a web feed and pull roller system having an independent drive for engaging and feeding the continuously moving webs into the respective helical blade shears and pulling sheets from the respective shears as they are cut from the continuously moving webs. The upstream feed roller system includes means for sensing web velocity and generating electronic pulses for input into the control means regulating the respective reversible DC motor drives driving the respective helical blade shears.

Abstract: In a mechanism for cutting panels, including an approximately vertically standing backing structure for the panels to be cut and a lower panel edge support to define a work area through which a saw mounted on a carrier may be moved, the panels may be secured in their working position and moved into and out of the work area by means of a cantilever arm mounted on the backing structure outside the work area for pivotal movement, whereby a gripping device on the free end of the arm is moved into and out of the work area.

Abstract: A slitter having multiple spaced pairs of arbors carried upon a rotatable housing which is shiftable as a unit toward and away from a second housing which is adapted to support a selected pair of such arbors during the slitting operation.

Abstract: Improved apparatus for scribing glass wherein the dimensional interference for entry is controlled, the force applied is nearly constant over a range of glass thicknesses and the scribing wheel is restrained within close tolerances to prevent wheel wobble and/or wander. The invention provides a very high quality fracture of the glass and allows separation to be delayed for at least as much as eleven months after scribing. Scribing may be accomplished in either of two pass directions.

Abstract: The musical instrument is of a waveform memory device read out type and comprises a frequency information generator for generating a plurality of sets of frequency informations each set consisting of a subplurality of frequency informations and corresponding to each of the tone pitches of the depressed keys in a keyboard, a selector for selecting one, at a time and one after another, of the subplurality of frequency informations generated by the frequency information generator for each one key depressed, an accumulator for repeatedly accumulating the frequency information selected by the selector to produce an increasing accumulated value, a waveform memory device for storing the amplitude values at successive sampling points in one period of a sine wave utilized to form a desired musical waveform, a comparator for comparing the accumulated value with a preset value and controlling the selecting operation of the selector during the operation of the accumulator.

Abstract: A pedal teaching system for an electronic musical instrument, specifically an electronic organ. In the rehearse mode of operation the system rhythmically energizes selected ones of a plurality of lights mounted above the pedal clavier to illustrate which pedals form a bass note accompaniment routine for a specific group of keys depressed by the organist and automatically sounds the bass note routine. In the perform mode of operation the system rhythmically energizes selected ones of the plurality of lights to illustrate which pedals form the bass note accompaniment routine and disables the automatic bass note musical output routine so that the organist must physically depress the actual pedals to provide the bass note accompaniment.