Abstract: A method and apparatus for assembling a reel having a pair of axially spaced circular flanges provided with facing annular grooves, a plurality of axially extending staves fitted into the grooves to form a cylindrical drum extending coaxially between the flanges, and a plurality of tie rods extending axially through the flanges within the drum to draw the flanges together, the apparatus having an inner ring assembly removably supported on the rods concentrically within the drum; an outer ring assembly releasably supported on and downwardly of the inner ring assembly concentrically therewith and adapted to open circumferentially so as to be removed from the drum; and a plurality of lances releasably engaging the tie rods for threading the rods through one of the flanges.

Abstract: Disclosed are a closure construction for a container, such as a steel drum, embodying a flange member having an internally threaded opening adapted to be closed by an externally threaded cap, the flange member having an integral flange portion that is firmly secured in an offset portion of the container wall by means of spaced protuberances at the outer edge of the flange portion that are tightly engaged by the offset portion of the container wall, the protuberances being formed in the flange portion while the container wall adjacent the flange portion is secured against deformation, so that formation of the protuberances causes deformations of the container wall at and around the protuberances which firmly lock the flange member in place by engagement with the protuberances. Also disclosed are a method of making the closure construction, and apparatus for making it.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device of the beam lead type having a semiconductor interconnection substrate with apertures for integrated circuit chips therein and with metallization patterns having sharply pointed ends for penetrating oxide layers over the bonding pads of the chips and for making electrical connection thereto. Devices thus produced may be assembled and tested and failed chips replaced as necessary before the chips are ultrasonically welded to the interconnection metallization and before final fabrication of the device. The invention also includes a method for producing an interconnection substrate in which a plurality of conically shaped holes are etched into a semiconductor wafer having sharp points within the body of the wafer. A metal layer is deposited over the surface of the semiconductor wafer filling the etched holes. Sharp points are thus formed on the metal in the etched holes.

Abstract: A solid state imaging device is formed of a bulk of monocrystalline silicon which has been suitably doped. A transparent layer of SiO.sub.2 overlays the bulk silicon, and atop the SiO.sub.2 layer is at least one pattern of doped SiC electrodes. Successive patterns of SiC electrodes are insulated from each other by SiO.sub.2. The SiC and SiO.sub.2, being derivatives of silicon, passivate the bulk and serve, respectively, as transparent electrodes and transparent support for such electrodes.

Abstract: Electrochemical cell components such as interelectrode separators, retaining screens and current collectors are contacted with lithium tetrachloroaluminate prior to contact with molten electrolytic salt to improve electrolyte wetting. The LiAlCl.sub.4 can be applied in powdered, molten or solution form but, since this material has a lower melting point than the electrolytic salt used in high-temperature cells, the powdered LiAlCl.sub.4 forms a molten flux prior to contact by the molten electrolyte when both materials are initially provided in solid form. Components of materials such as boron nitride and other materials which are difficult to wet with molten salts are advantageously treated by this process.

Abstract: This invention provides a device enabling movement of an electrical conductor through, or from one side to the other of, a string of insulators coupled between a supporting tower and a yoke plate, and has an upper frame with clamping jaws engageable with one of the insulators, a lower frame connectable to the yoke plate, and manually operable mechanism interconnecting the two frames for selectively moving them relative to each other in the direction of the axis of the insulator string to permit uncoupling of a portion of the string, movement therethrough of the conductor, and recoupling of the string.

Abstract: A cutter/scraper is disclosed having a flexible supporting structure. The support structure incorporates a frangible guard, the latter being reusable to cover the cutting edge subsequent to separation from the support handle. Handle flexibility permits improved scraping operation, and easier gripping is afforded for the cutter. The integral blade guard forms part of the packaging, and permits the visibility of the cutting edge while safely protecting from the effects thereof. The apparatus is formed of a single, inexpensive molded piece of plastic, thereby making the cutter/scraper disposable after having served its purpose.

Abstract: A self-threading housing for vegetation filament trimmers of the type having a supply within and movable relative to a housing to feed filament through an opening in the housing, for extension as a free end of filament swung in orbit as a cutting length of filament, by the filament trimmer. For self-threading of the filament free end there is provided, in the housing inner surface, structure inclined for engaging the free end under centrifugal force acting on the free end and shunting the free end through the opening, the incline including vertical incline and the opening being a slot; both bulge and recess housing wall structure are disclosed at the incline in different embodiments.

Abstract: Industrial scissors having one handle formed with a ring through which fingers may be inserted and the other handle formed with an elongated arched bar having a convex surface against which a palm may be snugly seated and pressed.

Abstract: A shaving implement for raising and holding low-lying hairs in an erect position for cutting by a blade edge and for distributing shaving force which includes resilient hair raising means spring mounted on a flange having a skin contacting surface or guard member adapted to distribute shaving force to substantially prevent stretching of a user's skin. The resilient hair raising means have barbed ends projecting beyond and substantially normal to the skin contacting surface of the flange in close proximity to the blade edge.

Abstract: Apparatus for cutting vegetation with a rotating head having a ball member portion and carrying non-metallic cutting line extended into the cutting plane by pushing the ball member against the ground while rotating the head. The ball member portion moves inwardly and a spool carrying coiled cutting line forces a predetermined length of line out of the head. After the cutting line length is extended, the head is secured automatically to the spool for further rotation with the driven spool. A cover is releasably secured to the head by a twist-lock connection to allow the spool to be removed from the head for rewinding, etc. Movement of the spool with respect to the head is regulated by uniform interlocking, straight teeth that are rugged, long wearing and provide positive control without any possibility of "free wheeling" with respect to the spool and the head.

Abstract: A dental reinforcing pin including a threaded portion, for self-tapping insertion in a bore formed in a tooth understructure, and a connecting portion formed integrally with the threaded portion. The connecting portion includes a shank, adapted for engagement in a dental handpiece, and a weakened portion intermediate the threaded portion and the connecting portion to permit shearing and separation of the connecting portion from the threaded portion when the pin is inserted to the depth of the bore.

Abstract: A dental surveyor and method therefor for use in preoperative evaluation of the rotational and translational movements required for corrective surgery are disclosed. The dental surveyor has a movable stylus or scribe that can be selectively positioned with respect to articulated mandibular and/or maxillary dental models. When the models are articulated in the two positions representing the malocclusion and the proposed corrective occlusion, the movable stylus provides a means for marking and thereby visually identifying the relative locations of a point of anatomical interest in the two positions.

Abstract: A cartridge-type chuck for use in a dental handpiece wherein a substantially cylindrical cartridge case incorporates within itself at least a friction-type chuck body and a stopper provided with a square hole of a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of said chuck body, said cartridge case being formed at its front part into truncated cone by tapering the outer circumferential surface and is provided at its thickened rear part with a threaded interface on the circumference, is disclosed. This cartridge-type chuck is able to be loaded and unloaded for the purpose of replacing it with ease in relation to the rotor disposed in the inside of a dental hand-piece, into which the dental cutting tool can be inserted by a single step, and whose holding power is strong enough to be free from occurrence of the center whirling of the spindle of said cutting tool.

Abstract: A dental jaw simulator is provided for duplicating human jaw movements and, in particular, the movement of the lower human jaw. The simulator includes a support frame and an upper jaw member pivotally mounted on the support frame and which is adapted to receive an upper dental arch cast. A lower jaw member is also mounted on the support frame and is adapted to receive a lower dental arch cast. Movement of the lower jaw member in protrusive and retrusive directions and in a lateral direction is controlled by a ball and slot hinge arrangement in combination with a movable anterior platform mounted on the support frame and a forward pin connected to the lower jaw member and which engages and is movable relative to the anterior platform. The anterior platform is provided with sloping planes on which the forward pin moves to guide the lower jaw member in order to duplicate the dropping of the lower human jaw during lateral movement.

Abstract: A method and means for removing firmly affixed, binding, stuck or cemented dental restorations and appliances, which includes a substance which when held under compressive force forms strong adhesive properties between opposing surfaces sufficient to remove firmly affixed, binding, stuck or cemented dental restorations and appliances. The substance forms a strong temporary adhesive bond due to its strong adhesive properties developed under compression between the surface of the restoration or appliance to be removed and the instrumentality performing the removal, this being achieved with no tools or mechanical devices. The instrumentality, for example, comprises the jaws of the patient which are used to apply compressing force and a forceful rapid jerking reverse removal pressure to the restoration or appliance by the muscular force of the patient's jaw opening.

Abstract: A pliers having a pair of jaw members each of which includes a pair of positioning legs for placing, removing and crimping light wire pins and other light wire devices. The jaws include a pair of transverse mating grooves, one in each jaw member adjacent the positioning legs and a longitudinal slot completely through the upper jaw member and partially through the lower jaw member, and a trough adjacent the partial slot in the lower jaw member for loosely receiving the spring coils of various light wire devices while the legs of the devices pass through the mating grooves of the jaw members.

Abstract: A scanning unit is provided which is adapted for translation in a longitudinal direction along three guide surfaces defined by a length measuring device. The preferred embodiment of this scanning unit includes at least one set of bearings which is adapted to contact each of the three guide surfaces. Each set of bearings includes two bearings which are arranged in tandem along the longitudinal direction such that the separation between the two bearings in each set is greater than the anticipated longitudinal width of irregularities and gaps associated with joints in the guide surfaces.

Abstract: Novel method and device for measuring instantaneous changes of the thickness or diameter of travelling yarns and similar structures. The devices comprise sensing means provided with a pair of members contacting the yarn, with one of the members spring loaded toward the other. The distance or the variation of the distance between the contacting members when the yarn travels is detected by a transducer, e.g. of the capacitive type, and translated into electrical sensing signals.

Abstract: Above the base are a pair of arms pivotally mounted about a common axis and extending in opposite directions from the axis. At the distal ends of the arms are a pair of downwardly extending pins which form sensors and position the arms at various angular positions depending upon the tension of the tensioned sheet upon which the base rests. A pair of plates extend upwardly from the arms, intercepting a light beam. The amount of the beam intercepted will vary depending upon the angular position of the arms. A photo detector is positioned to receive the unintercepted part of the beam and to produce an electrical signal varying with the amount of light received. A digital voltmeter provides a visual indication of the magnitude of the electrical signal.

Abstract: A gauge for determining the pitch diameter of threads on pipe and tubing, for determining the taper of a thread on the pin or box end of tubular structures used in oil and gas exploration an production, and for determining the existence of an out-of-round condition at the location of the threads on such tubular structures. The gauge includes an elongated scale rail, a pair of blade blocks slidably mounted on the scale rail, and a pair of thread engaging blades pivotally supported on the blade blocks. Locking and adjusting elements are provided in association with the blade blocks for locking the blade blocks in a fixed spatial relationship to each other along the length of the scale rail, with the distance therebetween precisely adjusted to a predetermined value.

Abstract: A chalk line protracting tool comprising a housing defining a compartment for holding chalk and line; a chalk line guide; and a level. A chalk line is fed from a manually operated reel, through an aperture between the compartment and the exterior of the housing, in a straight line to the guide and is protracted in a continued straight line for a desired distance where the line may be snapped against a surface for marking. The level is in a known angular relationship with the aperture guide axis whereby a protracted chalk line along the axis may provide a marking of desired length and at a known angle relative to level.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a layer of material against a movable conveyor from a slurry of a liquid and material by an electrostatic action so that the layer of material can be subsequently removed in layer form from the conveyor and including a plurality of needle-like projections disposed in the slurry to assist the electrostatic action in forming the layer of material from the slurry against the conveyor.

Abstract: A process for continuously producing dried protein concentrates, namely blood meal, from an aqueous solution of animal blood, in which the solution is atomized in superheated steam at a temperature of about 400.degree. C. The atomization of the solution is accomplished, at least in part, by a centrifugal atomizer that throws the solution radially outward in an extremely thin layer of finely divided droplets having diameters less than 100 microns. The small droplets pass into the stream of superheated steam, which causes the liquid to evaporate, and the dried blood solids to precipitate to the bottom of the collector where they are discharged by a conveyor. The superheated steam, which was cooled to about 200.degree. C. by the drying process, goes to a cyclone separator which removes any entrained solids, and is then returned to the heat exchanger, where it is again heated to about 400.degree. C. for re-use in the process.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for removing ammonia from fabric which has been previously treated with liquid ammonia, by subjecting the fabric to a solution of water saturated with ammonia maintained at a temperature level high enough to vaporize ammonia in the fabric without requiring commercially uneconomical input of heat energy. Subsequent steps remove the remainder of the ammonia and water trapped in the fabric, the system providing essentially complete recovery of all ammonia at substantially reduced heat energy expenditure.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of desiccants in conjunction with an open oop drying cycle and a closed loop drying cycle to reclaim the energy expended in vaporizing moisture in harvested crops. In the closed loop cycle, the drying air is brought into contact with a desiccant after it exits the crop drying bin. Water vapor in the moist air is absorbed by the desiccant, thus reducing the relative humidity of the air. The air is then heated by the used desiccant and returned to the crop bin. During the open loop drying cycle the used desiccant is heated (either fossil or solar energy heat sources may be used) and regenerated at high temperature, driving water vapor from the desiccant. This water vapor is condensed and used to preheat the dilute (wet) desiccant before heat is added from the external source (fossil or solar). The latent heat of vaporization of the moisture removed from the desiccant is reclaimed in this manner.

Abstract: A method of drying a roller conveyor which, loaded with articles, such as eggs, is passed through a washing apparatus, which drying comprises blowing air over and through the loaded conveyor, and wherein in at least one position in the transport range, part of the transporting section of the conveyor is temporarily withdrawn from the transport function, and is dried separately.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying lettuce and other vegetables including a basket in which wet lettuce is placed, a holder in which the basket is removably received, and a motor for rotating the basket and holder. When the basket is rotated to expel water through openings in its sidewalls by centrifugal force, the sidewalls bend outwardly to engage the holder and center the basket.The holding mechanism is normally held against rotation by a brake. When the motor is energized, current flows through the brake to release it. As a safety feature, no power is applied to the motor and brake circuits when the device is not in operation.

Abstract: A heated metal plate drying system for drying either green veneer or partially dried veneer can have a plurality of modular hot presses mounted on a frame. At a loading station, individual sheets of veneer to be dried or redried are fed into a hot press, and at an unloading station the dried veneer sheets are unloaded from the system. Within each individual modular hot press, a direct contact drying process occurs that functions to reduce the moisture content of a veneer sheet.Each individual modular press can be multi-opening and has the ability to open and close on command. Specially designed heated metal plates are part of each press and each plate has substantially parallel grooves on at least one surface. The modular presses are mounted on the frame such that they may be tilted at the unloading station to facilitate unloading of the dried veneer sheets. At the loading station, a loading apparatus functions to sequentially feed individual veneer sheets into the openings.

Abstract: A method of teaching reading, and a prerecorded tape or like unit for use therein are described. A student scans the printed words in a book while the words are simultaneously being audibly reproduced by a magnetic tape and heard by the student while he scans said words. The recorded material on said magnetic tape has a plurality of predetermined spaced audible signals which serve as an indication that he is to follow written or oral instructions which had been given at the start of the session and/or at the end of each of a plurality of the predetermined audible reproductions of words in said book. The audible signals are followed by audible instructions to the student to perform certain acts, which may be the same or different, and reflected by a written word or written statement by the student and responsive to said audible instructions.

Abstract: A compact astrological apparatus employs a plurality of concentric wheels or discs. The wheels have disposed on their periphery relevant information of an astrological nature. By correct alignment of certain wheels with respect to other wheels, based on specific information relating to a particular individual, resultant astrological values can be determined.

Abstract: A grader attachment for a bucket, which includes a scoop panel having a cutting edge and a pair of oppositely disposed side panels which define an interior volume, includes a bifurcated frame member, including a first leg and a second leg cooperatively defining an elongated slot therebetween receiving the cutting edge and a substantial portion of the scoop panel of the bucket. The outboard end portion of the first leg is located within the interior volume defined by the bucket. Longitudinally adjustable jackscrews frictionally engage the side panels and laterally adjustable jackscrews frictionally engage the scoop panel. A grader blade is attached to the frame member.

Abstract: Ready light circuit is provided comprising a simple third switch blade added to standard thermostat two-blade switch in electric iron. Light is activated when bimetallic element of switch drives third blade into engagement with other blade as iron reaches set temperature. Light stays illuminated as long as main contacts of standard-type blades remain open. When thermostat calls for more heat, light in circuit which is across main contacts, is shorted out.

Abstract: A rug hooking rack, in both a floor model and a readily supportable table model, is provided for positively holding, but incrementally feeding as desired, the base material upon which the hooking operation is being performed. Means are also provided for holding said base material firmly against a working surface at a point closely adjacent the zone in which work is being performed, whereby to facilitate such work both as to ease of performance and, in many instances, the quality of the finished work.

Abstract: A decorative article in assembly with a decorative cover, including an inlay such as a tapestry or a photograph and preferably equipped with a stand, for use in the interior of a building comprises a plastic foam foundation, covered by a decorative covering with an informative inlay such as a photograph, a mirror, or a painting placed over the foundation and cover, the inlay being covered by a transparent sheet, the circumferential edge of the sheet being secured by a plurality of decorative pin heads, each pin head having its needle piercing through the sheet into the foundation for a tight fit of all the component parts.

Abstract: Compartments are arranged in a fixed frame and defined by a front cover sheet and a rear cover sheet spaced apart in the vicinity of the compartments by a substantially greater distance than the thickness of the picture. Insert openings extend in the insert direction along an inclined plane. Lateral guides are spaced by the width of the picture frame and a stop defines an end position for the picture. The two cover sheets have parallel recesses adapted to the picture size.

Abstract: A display having a frame and prisms rotatably mounted therein, each of the prisms including adjacent longitudinally extending side surfaces so that each set of associated side surfaces of the prisms provides a display when rotated to a side by side position defining a permanently recurring sequence with the number of displays corresponding to the number of side surfaces on each prism. Each prism is provided with a pair of rotation axles disposed at opposite ends thereof. A drive motor and a transmission rotate the prisms synchronously, the drive motor being connected to one of the rotation axles. Gear discs are mounted on one rotation axle of each pair provided on the prisms with at least one belt mounted on the gear discs for rotating the gear discs and the prisms when the one rotation axle is driven by the drive motor, the belt being toothed for meshing with the gear discs.

Abstract: A carrier and motivator of passive fishing baits, having a convenient attachment means and attached or remote fish hooking means.

Abstract: An assembly kit has a first hollow structural element having a face and at least one groove open at the face, a second hollow structural element having a wall surface positionable onto the face of the first structural element, and at least one further groove extending inwardly of the wall surface, and a substantially U-shaped connecting element having two elongated portions connected with one another by an intermediate portion. One of the elongated portions of the connecting element is insertable into the groove of the first structural element, whereas the other elongated portion of the connecting element is insertable into the further groove of the second structural element when the wall surface of the second structural element is positioned on the face of the first structural element so as to connect the structural element with one another.

Abstract: An action toy that includes a circular top which is fastened between two sets of strings, so that when the top is rotated manually, the strings become wound up, whereby when the string ends are then pulled, the strings unwind causing the top to spin, at high speed and then rewind the strings in opposite directions for reciprocal pull of the strings and additional top spinning; the top being made generally of two hollow, hemispherical transparent members secured to opposite sides of a circular disc that is perforated so that candy can pass therethrough into a chamber on either side.

Abstract: A hollow structural element of an assembly kit, particularly forming a compartment of a toy vehicle has a hollow body having an open end through which a toy figure can be inserted, a wall located opposite to the open end and provided with connecting elements for connecting the body portion with another structural element, and side walls having a plurality of projections adapted to engage a toy figure and to retain the latter in the body portion. The toy figure may have a base portion and an undercut portion, and the projections of the side walls of the body portion may be so located as to engage the undercut portion of the toy model. The projections of the side walls of the body portion may extend parallel to the opposite wall and outside of corner regions of the body portion.

Abstract: A self-powered toy vehicle chassis adapted to removably receive a plurality of different types of bodies, such as a dump truck and a fork lift. A body receiving and dispensing support is provided which, when the toy vehicle chassis passes through carrying a removable body, lifts the body off the chassis and stores it in an overhead position and then enables the chassis to receive another previously stored overhead body and continue with this body thereon. If the direction of the vehicle chassis is reversed and again passed through the body receiving and dispensing support, the two bodies will again be interchanged on the chassis and such interchange of the two bodies will occur each time the toy vehicle chassis is reversed and passed through the body receiving and dispensing support.

Abstract: Process for growing sprouts from seeds comprises circulating the water in which the seeds are germinated continuously for 8 hours so that the seeds are continually germinating in fresh water. The germinated sprouts are then repeatedly allowed to drain and stand for approximately 4-8 hours and then soaked for approximately 15 minutes. For the first 48 hours the sprouts are lightly worked during the soakings by being separated by the user's fingers. Between 48 and 72 hours the sprouts are heavily worked and are submerged during the soaking cycle, and the floating husks are removed from the container in which the sprouts are soaked by skimming the container while the sprouts are submerged. Between 72 and 144 hours, in addition to the skimming, after each soaking the sprouts are removed from the container and the container cleaned. Also after 72 hours and 96 hours the sprouts in each container are split in approximately equal portions and each of the portions are placed in separate containers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polymeric material having incorporated therein, 2,5-di-(5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl) thiophene for use as a substance transmissive to visible light.

Abstract: A plastic tray having short legs and a perforated bottom fits securely within a plastic container, the tray being adapted for carrying vermiculite and the container being adapted for holding nutrient solution. The tray also has an enlarged upper portion defining a channel-shaped inner ledge between the enlarged and unenlarged portions thereof. An electric pump is disposed within a compartment of the tray, and a plastic tube runs from the pump into the nutrient solution and up the wall of the tray to the channel-shaped ledge, into which it snaps along the sides of the tray. The tube is perforated where it contacts the nutrient solution, and has a series of apertures along the portion snapped to the walls of the tray, such that a mixture of air and nutrient solution can be pumped through the tube into the vermiculite.

Abstract: A package combination for storing and preserving a living plant such as lettuce. A bag, formed of a plastic material, is inflated with a gaseous medium. A living plant having an absorbent block attached to its root system, is placed within the bag in such a manner that the block absorbs moisture which condenses within the bag, and makes it available to the plant.

Abstract: Structure for closing and opening railway house car sliding doors comprises a rack member affixed to the door track, bracket structure mounted on the door and extending rearwardly therefrom and mounting a rack-engaging pinion on its lower portion, a handwheel on its upper portion at a level substantially above the door track, and a chain and sprocket drive connecting the handwheel and the pinion for selectively rotating the latter to move the door between opened and closed positions. The handwheel is provided with a pivoted handle movable from a flush inoperative position to a projecting operating position.

Abstract: An adjustable supporting roller device has a roller bracket pivoted on a mounting bracket to be attached to an object to be supported, and a novel combination lead screw and follower assembly for releasibly securing the roller bracket in retracted position during handling and shipment of the object and adjustably extending the roller bracket for use.

Abstract: A "beam stroker" type of honing machine which can, at the operator's option, be power stroked by means of a double-acting pneumatic cylinder or manually stroked. Both travel limits can be varied by the operator. A hydraulic double-acting cylinder system functions to limit the stroking speed and has a needle valve adjustment to vary the speed.

Abstract: In apparatus for abrading a workpiece including a central support member having a power-driven contact roll and an idler roll mounted thereon, and an endless, abrasive belt trained over the rolls with an air space being defined between inside surfaces of the belt and the central support member, an improvement which includes pressurizing the air space for maintaining same at a pressure greater than the prevailing air pressure adjacent the outside surfaces of the belt to substantially prevent inflow of abraded debris to the air space.