Abstract: An electronic wristwatch case construction in which a sound-emitting cover has a battery replacement hole and a plurality of sound-emitting holes. A fixing ring is disposed in concentric relationship with respect to the battery replacement hole of the sound-emitting cover, and a vibrating plate cooperating with a piezoelectric vibrating element for an alarm is spaced from the sound-emitting cover. A battery hatch is detachably fastened to the fixing ring, and a sealing ring is disposed between the battery hatch and the fixing ring to provide a water-tight sealing therebetween.

Abstract: A watchglass fixing structure in which a watchglass fixing member is provided with an annular groove having a groove width approximately equal to the combined thicknesses of the outer diametric portion of a watchglass and the outer circumferential portion of a backing ring, a flange at the upper portion of said annular groove, the inner diameter of the flange being smaller than the outer diameter of said watchglass, and with an inner circumferential surface at the lower portion of said annular groove, the diameter of the inner circumferential surface being larger than the outer diameter of said watchglass. The watchglass is fitted into an upper half of said annular groove of said watchglass fixing member through a waterproof packing, while the outer circumferential portion of said backing ring is inserted into a lower half of said annular groove.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a timepiece for indicating time by distinguishable colors, each corresponding to a standard unit of a time period. The units of the time period are represented by a plurality of uniform sections each differentiated by a distinguishable color and carried in a display area of a substantially flat annular member, preferably having a thickness or depth not more than 1/4 its diameter. The proper unit of the time period is indicated by reference means which may be a separate indicator or which may be carried on a separate cover member positioned above the display portion or area so as to indicate each of the distinguishable colors of the time period successively upon uniform, incremental and rotational movement between the reference means and the display portion carried by the annular member. The successive uniform rotational movement between each section and the point of reference is effected by a standard timepiece driving means.

Abstract: Gas turbine comprising an air compressor delivering compressed air to a first combustion chamber, means for feeding said first combustion chamber with fuel, means for igniting the resulting mixture of said fuel with said compressed air, a first turbine, actuated by said ignited mixture wherefrom exhaust gases are discharged to a second combustion chamber of venturi shape, provided with means for injecting additional fuel in the direction of the venturi axis and means for igniting the resulting gaseous mixture, a second turbine actuated by said last mentioned gaseous mixture and heat exchange means for recovering heat from the exhaust gases of said second turbine.

Abstract: To provide combustion stability in burners over a wide range of flow conditions, a coaxial injector is provided which includes an outer annular sleeve for introduction of one reactant and a hollow pintle with spaced slots for introduction of another reactant to impinge on the first reactant. The slots are staggered in location and size to permit initial interlocking of the reactants and, therefore, increased mixing and improved combustion performance.

Abstract: This system serves to collect and recycle fuel leftover in the fuel manifold and fuel distribution system of a gas turbine power plant when it is shutdown and operates in conjunction with the power plant's existing fuel control.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine for vehicular road type operation includes a gasifier spool and a power turbine spool driven by gases from a gas turbine engine combustor and wherein the gasifier spool includes first and second shaft portions thereon one of which is connected to the gasifier compressor and the other of which is connected to the gasifier turbine.

Abstract: A fan spool stabilization loop which improves the stability of the low speed or fan spool in a two spool turbofan engine. In a preferred embodiment, the actual rate of rotation of the high speed spool is compared with the desired rate of rotation determined by integrating the difference between the desired rate of rotation of the fan spool and the actual rate of rotation. The difference therebetween controls the flow of fuel to the turbofan engine. In an alternate preferred embodiment of the invention, the rate of change of rotation of the high speed spool is added to the actual rate of rotation of the fan spool and the result is compared with the desired rate of rotation of the fan spool. The difference therebetween is utilized to control the flow of fuel to the turbofan engine.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for insulating the exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. A three-zone liner assembly is provided with an outer zone comprised of a room temperature vulcanizing silicone sleeve, an inner zone comprised of a stamped and seam welded high strength Al-Cr-steel alloy, and an intermediate zone consisting of a ceramic wool mat. The liner assembly is supported or enclosed within a mild carbon sheet metal sleeve which in turn may be bonded to the engine passage wall by use of a room-temperature-vulcanized silicone if of the insert type, or by fusion bonding during casting if of the cast-in-place type.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a secondary air supply system and a fuel injection system including a two-fluid injection nozzle operative to inject air and fuel both under pressure into engine intake system. The secondary air supply system includes an air pump and a secondary air supply line extending between the pump and the engine exhaust system. The two-fluid injection nozzle is pneumatically connected to an air distributor provided on the secondary air supply line whereby pressurized air from the air pump is also supplied to the two-fluid injection nozzle and injected thereby together with the fuel to facilitate atomization of the injected fuel as well as to supercharge the engine.

Abstract: A high-efficiency combustion gas exhaust system for four-stroke internal combustion engines. This system uses two overlapping converging conical pipes to provide excellent scavenging at high piston speeds without the usual adverse effects at idle or moderate speeds. A generally conical converging first pipe is installed over the exhaust gas opening in the engine head. A second pipe with a generally converging conical introductory section is secured in an overlapping relationship to the first pipe. Certain size relationships among these components are important in obtaining optimum performance.

Abstract: A novel tidal and wave-power collection apparatus is disclosed which is well suited for oceanic installations. In the preferred embodiment, a matrix of power collection units is easily assembled at sea, each being bridged and reinforced by catwalks extending therebetween which form trilateral power collection modules having such units at each of the corners thereof. Each power collection unit comprises a central tubular pilaster embedded in the ocean floor around which is disposed a toroidal float which moves up and down with the waves and tide and which acts to drive an air compressor while rising and falling. The output of the air compressor, i.e. compressed air, is stored in the float's chamber and is transmitted through conduits in the bridging structure to a remote power consumption site. The apparatus is efficient, economical and capable of capturing and storing large quantities of power which may be utilized to satisfy peak load power demands.

Abstract: More specifically, the invention includes a single lever control mechanism for controlling the operation of hydraulic cylinders and including a control housing, a manually operable lever, and a support member housed in the control housing and having a supporting surface. The single lever control mechanism also includes a pivot member rigidly connected to the lower end of the lever and supported on the supporting surface of the support member for rocking movement from a neutral position in a first pivotal direction and in a second pivotal direction transverse to the first direction. The control mechanism also includes a first cable attached to one side of the pivot member and being adapted to be operably connected to a first hydraulic cylinder for actuating that hydraulic cylinder in response to pivotal movement of the lever and the pivot member in the first direction.

Abstract: A single hand held and operated tool comprising a housing; a hydraulic fluid reservoir located in the housing; a hydraulic pressure cylinder located in the housing; a hydraulic piston moving with respect to the pressure cylinder in response to hydraulic pressure produced therein; a hydraulic pump operable by a single hand while grasping the housing and coupled to the fluid reservoir and to the pressure cylinder for forcing hydraulic fluid received from the reservoir into the cylinder; and valve apparatus governing fluid communication between the hydraulic pump and the pressure cylinder and operative in response to hydraulic pressure in the cylinder for lowering the quantity of hydraulic fluid supplied to the cylinder by each pump stroke when the pressure in the cylinder exceeds a predetermined pressure, thus providing two-speed tool operation.

Abstract: A rotary Stirling cycle machine is disclosed comprising at least two chambers, said chambers being epitrochoidal in cross-sectional area and having an upper portion, a middle waist portion and a lower portion, with the first chamber mounted to the second chamber in tandem, each chamber having a seal element attached to the waist portion and disposed inwardly, the crank shaft rotatably mounted within the chambers and extending therethrough with the first crank throw portion within the first chamber being 180.degree.

Abstract: An installation for the servo-assist of actuating devices in motor vehicles, especially of a hydraulic brake system, in which a control member, such as the brake pedal, acts on an actuating device, such as a master cylinder of a two-circuit brake system by way of a servo-member; a hydraulically actuatable servo-unit is thereby arranged between the control member and the actuating device whose first part is supported at the control member and whose second part is connected with the actuating device; the actuation of the servo-unit is controllable from a hydraulic pressure medium source in the manner of a follower control by means of a control device connected with the control member.

Abstract: A recirculation duct with a check valve is connected to an exhaust duct communicating with the engine and a turbine of a turbocharger and an delivery duct communicating with the engine and compressor of the turbocharger. A branch duct is connected to the delivery tube upstream of the recirculation duct. In the branch duct, a control valve is provided for controlling a quantity of air flowing in the branch duct according to both a pressure in the exhaust duct and a pressure in the delivery duct downstream of the branch dust to lower the pressure in the delivery duct downstream of the branch duct thereby recirculating part of the exhaust gas. The control valve is provided with a dashpot and push rods, and driven by an accelerator when the engine runs at high load. The dashpot damper a rapid movement of the control valve made by the accelerator.

Abstract: A gas dynamic wave machine or gas dynamic pressure exchanger for a supercharged internal combustion engine with the wave machine including a rotor or cell wheel driven by an independent drive arrangement. A charging air line is interposed between the gas dynamic wave machine and the respective cylinders of the internal combustion engine with the charging air line being selectively opened and closed in dependence upon an operative state of the internal combustion engine. A device is provided for delaying an opening of the charging air line for a predetermined time interval following a starting operation of the internal combustion engine. The independent drive arrangement for the wave machine is constructed as a hydrostatic drive device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for utilizing natural energy in the production of electricity having an alternating current is disclosed wherein the natural energy is utilized to pressurize hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic fluid is temporarily stored within high pressure storage tanks to be utilized in the production of electricity. This electricity is supplied as needed to various consumers. Excess electricity which is generated by hydro electric devices driven by the pressurized hydraulic fluid is utilized to pressurize additional hydraulic fluid. The additional hydraulic fluid is then supplied to the high pressure storage tanks to be used at a later time for the production of electricity. In this way, excess electricity that is produced from the pressurized hydraulic fluid is reconverted into pressurized hydraulic fluid which may be stored in the high pressure storage tanks until needed.

Abstract: A cryogenic surgical apparatus using a Sterling-cycle refrigerator connected by elongate flexible conduits to a cryosurgical device having an operating probe. The refrigerator includes a compressor having first and second cylinders with pistons positioned therein. The cryosurgical device includes a housing defining an expansion cylinder. An expansion piston and seals are positioned within the cylinder in such manner that first and second distinct expansion spaces are defined between opposite ends of the piston and ends of the cylinder. The operating probe is connected to or positioned on the end of the housing closest to the first expansion space. A regenerator is positioned in the end of the expansion piston closest to the first expansion space and has an outlet communicating with the first expansion space and an inlet communicating with a space intermediate the two expansion spaces.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for transporting coal in finely divided form in a coal/liquid slurry. Liquid carbon dioxide, which can be formed by burning coal at the coal source point and liquefying the resulting gaseous carbon dioxide, serves as the slurry liquid. The slurry is pumped through a slurry pipeline to the coal use point under conditions of temperature and pressure to maintain the carbon dioxide in liquefied form. Subsequent to deslurrying, the coal-free carbon dioxide can be liquefied and returned through a liquid pipeline to the coal source point for reuse. The use of liquid carbon dioxide as a slurry medium is also applicable to transporting other finely divided solids such as ores and the like.

Abstract: Apparatus for and a method of preventing the formation of moisture on the exterior of an air conditioning unit. Condensate collected at the evaporator and discharged into the condenser section of the unit absorbs heat energy eliminating cold spots on the exterior surface of the unit where moisture may condense. A condensate collection pan having various flow barriers is utilized to route the cold condensate from the evaporator along a tortuous path in heat exchange relationship with ambient air. Heat energy is transferred from the ambient air to the condensate in the condensate collection pan thereby acting to increase the temperature of the condensate prior to it being discharged into the condenser section.

Abstract: A refrigeration system contains a common compressor supplying refrigerant to a plurality of evaporators that are refrigerated and defrosted independently of one another. Individual refrigeration/defrost controls are provided in solid state form for the respective evaporators, and the individual controls are connected with a master control that prevents all of the evaporators from being defrosted at one time. The master control includes a digital time clock providing time signals to each of the individual refrigeration/defrost controls, and each of the individual controls can initiate a defrost operation for its respective evaporator on either a timed or demand basis. The master control includes a scanner that interrogates the individual controls in a special manner to initiate defrosting of the units in order of priority.

Abstract: An air conditioning control system for an automotive vehicle including a timer circuit connecting the ignition circuit to a compressor switch means, functioning to turn off the air conditioner compressor for a predetermined timing period after the ignition switch is turned on. The system also includes an inertial switch, such as a mercury switch, which is rendered conductive when the forward acceleration and/or grade of the vehicle attains a predetermined value. The conduction of the inertial switch immediately de-actuates the air conditioner compressor, and the air conditioner compressor remains inoperative as long as the inertial switch is conductive and for the predetermined timing period of the timer circuit after the inertial switch is rendered non-conductive.

Abstract: An ice producing apparatus characterized by a refrigerant compresser, a condensor coil, a receiver tank, a solenoid valve, an evaporator, a water spray system and an endless ice grid positioned to traverse the evaporator, which in combination operates to permit a gaseous refrigerant to vaporize in the evaporator, condense in the condensor, collect in the receiver and selectively flow back into the evaporator through the solenoid valve to facilitate freezing of ice in the endless belt ice grid and collecting the ice. The grid selectively moves adjacent to and beneath the evaporator during the harvesting cycle, and collects ice from water which is sprayed on the underside of the grid and against the evaporator during the apparatus freezing cycle. Ice is selectively removed from the ice grid in the harvesting cycle when warm refrigerant is permitted to flow from the receiver tank into the evaporator by automatic operation of a timer and a cooperating solenoid valve.

Abstract: An insulative multi-pane window structure of a refrigerator or freezer, said structure being interposable between a colder inside region and a warmer outside region of the refrigerator or freezer to permit vision therebetween and including at least a first pane having a surface exposed in use to humidity-bearing air in the warmer region and a second pane opposite to and spaced apart from the first pane, at least one of the first and second panes having an infrared reflecting coating attached in a specific manner; characterized in that said infrared reflective coating is a transparent, electrically conductive laminated structure composed of(A) a transparent solid substrate of a film-forming synthetic resin,(B) a thin layer of an oxide of titanium in contact with the substrate, said layer being derived from a layer of an organic titanium compound and containing organic residual moieties of the organic titanium compound,(C) a thin layer of an electrically conductive metal in contact with layer (B),(D) a thin lay

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container for refrigerating goods with dry ice. The container comprises an enclosed interior space subdivided by partition walls into a plurality of compartments which include one refrigerant compartment adapted to be charged with dry ice refrigerant and at least one chillroom compartment adapted for the containment of the goods to be refrigerated. The refrigerant compartment communicates with the chillroom compartment by openings which allow evaporating carbon dioxide from the dry ice to enter the chillroom compartment. The container also includes storage means of water located between the refrigerant compartment and the chillroom compartment in a sufficient quantity that at the beginning of the evaporation of the dry ice, the temperature in the chillroom compartment does not become substantially below -78.degree. C.Also disclosed is a method for refrigerating goods utilizing dry ice and storage means of water in the above mentioned container.

Abstract: A ring member which is adapted to be disposed in an opening of a rotary member for coaxially mounting said rotary member to a shaft member which comprises a substantially convex ring body containing a centrally disposed hole, said ring body containing a plurality of outet slits which extend radially inwardly from the outer peripheral edge of the ring body toward the centrally disposed hole, a plurality of inner slits which radially extend outwardly from the edge defining the centrally disposed hole toward the outer peripheral edge of the ring body, and a plurality of through holes disposed in said ring body, said through holes being adapted to receive connecting rods for mounting the rotary member to said shaft member.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous full-width washing of a textile cloth layer, which is guided horizontally or nearly horizontally between reversing rollers arranged in two vertical rows so as to form horizontal cloth layer sections between respective rollers of the two rows of rollers. The upper side of a given horizontal cloth layer section is supplied with a washing liquor film. Devices are arranged between the vertical rows of rollers for imparting vertical or nearly vertical vibrations to the respective horizontal cloth layer sections.

Abstract: A dyeing apparatus is disclosed which has a cylindrical vessel and a perforated hollow beam supported therein. Textile materials such as yarns, tapes and the like are wound upon the exterior of the beam and soaked to depth with treatment liquid forced radially through the perforations of the beam into the layers of wound-up material. Liquid is withdrawn from the vessel for re-circulation through a first take-out means provided adjacent the upper portion of the vessel and through a second take-out means provided centrally of the bottom portion of the vessel. Control means is provided to regulate the flow of liquid through the two take-out means to be in a specified ratio.

Abstract: A tube bending machine includes a carriage mounting a rotatable chuck for grasping and positioning a length of tube relative to the bending head of the machine. Motion of the carriage along the bed of the machine toward the bending head and rotation of the chuck relative to the carriage are powered by a pair of remotely mounted stationary motors each driving a chain. One chain is connected directly to the carriage and the other engages a sprocket rotatably mounted on the carriage and connected to rotate the chuck. The arrangement provides a differential drive in which the carriage can be driven by operation of both motors and the chuck can be driven by differential operation of the two motors. In addition the chuck can be rotated simultaneously with advance of the carriage.

Abstract: A method of making a laminated armature core for a small electric motor is disclosed.In a longitudinal metal strip, a couple of comb-like ribbons having teeth and slots with teeth of one ribbon being complementary to slots of the other are formed. A U-shaped groove is formed on each edge of the teeth. After edge-winding the ribbon, the U-shaped grooves are spread to form shoes extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the teeth.

Abstract: Output shafts of a pinion stand are connected with rolls of a working stand by means of spindles provided with a shaft whose ends are formed with Hooke's joints. The angles of obliquity of the shafts of the spindles are similar for all the joints of the spindles. The axes of the output shafts of the pinion stand are equidistant from the axis of rolling. The angular space relationship of the pinion stand with the working stand, i.e. the angle of inclination of the plane, passing through the axis of rotation of the output shafts and through geometrical axis of the pinion stand, to the plane passing through the axis of rolling and through the axis of a variable angle of rolling, is determined by a formula.

Abstract: Rods which are worked, for example, in a rolling mill by cross-wedge rolling are introduced into the mill by means of a second rod which is shifted forward for the length of the rod portion being worked, the second rod being subsequently returned through a distance exceeding an elongation of the worked rod during the rolling of the latter. The invention can be utilized for repeated feeding of rod-shaped elements, where a gap is required between the worked and the following supplied piece.

Abstract: A magnetic strip is first driven around one end of a mandrel by a plurality of cam operated pins slidably extending through a rotary member and is then moved along a spiral guiding piece disposed around the mandrel until the strip passes through a cutter in its inoperative position. Then the strip enters a push plate slidably mounted on the mandrel and travels along a spiral path therein to be spirally wound around the mandrel. When a predetermined length of the strip passes through the cutter, the cutter cuts the strip and the push plate is moved along the mandrel to shift the wound strip to a carrier abutting against the mandrel for readiness for the next working operation.

Abstract: A folded edge is formed in an elongated strip in a simple compact machine; the strip is fed through a plurality of spaced apart edge forming roller means while being maintained in vertically disposed position; in this way a simple means can be provided for supporting a coil of the strip for feeding to the roller means. In this way there can be readily and easily produced panels for buildings, for example, fascia and siding.

Abstract: In tube extrusion presses, there are two steps in production. Firstly, a mandrel pierces a hole through the center of a billet, the tip of the mandrel ending up just within the opening of the extrusion die. Secondly, the now hollow cylindrical billet is extruded through the die and over and around the tip of the mandrel to produce a tube. To limit the movement of the mandrel, stroke-limiting rods are provided which pass through bores in a part attached to the mandrel and in a fixed part of the press. The rods can be held fast in one or both of these bores, or released to slide through them, depending on the stage reached in the extrusion process.

Abstract: A Unitary Mold-Press Structure comprising a bottom portion, a top portion, and a hinge is utilized to make disposable plates, pans, and stove burner protectors and liners in one simple manual step from aluminum foil. The bottom portion further comprises an aluminum foil source, a mold member, a cutting structure, folding flaps, and a side cutting member. The top portion comprises a handle structure, a side cutter, and a mold member. The hinge allows for rotation of the top portion relative to the bottom portion. The bottom cutting structure includes a cylindrical holder, a cylindrical spring, and first and second cylindrical steel cutters. The top handle structure includes a cylindrical holder, a cylindrical spring, and first and second annular members. The top handle structure and the bottom cutting structure interact to effect the internal cutting function of the aluminum foil.

Abstract: A forging press having a mechanical mechanism for reciprocating the ram and wherein the tooling includes a fixed die sleeve, a punch carried by the ram, and a pad movable through the die sleeve in conjunction with a slug being formed. The pad is supported by a forge cylinder which is coupled to the ram by one or more load cylinders. The area of the piston of the forge cylinder is greater than the combined areas of the pistons of the load cylinders so that as the pad descends hydraulic fluid is pumped from the forge cylinder through the load cylinders at a rate greater than that which can be received so that the hydraulic fluid is compressed to a high pressure, and this pressure is effective as a forging pressure between the punch and the pad. The hydraulic system may include an accumulator for receiving excess hydraulic fluid after a preset pressure has been reached in the system. Various hydraulic systems are possible.

Abstract: The back shoe is made up of half block sections hinged together so that when in axial alignment, they function as a conventional back shoe on a tube bender. By hinging the two block halves, one half may be swung upwardly and over the other so that only one half the normal axial length of the cylindrical cavity engaging a side of a pipe results. As a consequence, it is possible to make a second bend in a tube close to a first bend without interference with the back shoe as would be the case were a back shoe of conventional length used. Essentially, the invention provides a single back shoe which serves a dual function so that labor time is saved in tube bending operations.

Abstract: A sample chamber for a gas analyzer for use in a duct containing gases to be analyzed is disclosed and includes a flow directing apparatus formed by a pair of spaced members which form a passage therebetween in the form of a converging diverging throat and an outer housing at least partially surrounding the flow directing apparatus. This outer housing has at least a pair of apertures and is movable by a suitable apparatus between one position in which the outer housing apertures are generally aligned with the flow directing passage and another position in which the outer housing apertures are spaced from the passage with non-apertured portions of the outer housing positioned across the ends of that passage.

Abstract: A method of testing products capable of being inflated and in particular surgical gloves which involves applying a normally destructive gas pressure thereto while the same is being constrained against substantial inflation and detecting the degree of leakage of the gas owing to leakage flaws or rupture of weak spots and either passing or rejecting the product on the basis thereof. In order to obtain an accurate result the method and the apparatus for performing the method first applies a pressure to the product higher than that from which testing will commence and thereafter reduces the same to the commencement pressure so as to minimize the effect of stress relaxation and creep of the material from which the product is formed.

Abstract: A liquid leak detecting device is provided comprising at least two electrical conductors arranged in parallel and separated from each other by a material comprised of continuously porous polytetrafluoroethylene containing an electroconductive material within its pores.

Abstract: A surface profile follower and indicator system is disclosed which pneumaally senses and follows the gradients occurring in the surface of a modelboard by means of a pneumatic probe and negative feedback control sub-system which maintains said pneumatic probe at a predetermined distance from the modelboard surface being sensed at any given instant, as the entire profile follower system is moved in such manner as to effect a desired traverse thereof by any suitable carrier vehicle. A probe position pick-off is effectively connected to the aforesaid negative feedback control subsystem and supplies an analog signal to an appropriate readout which, in turn, indicates the position of said pneumatic probe with respect to a predetermined datum, thereby effectively indicating the surface irregularities of the aforesaid modelboard.

Abstract: A test apparatus and method is disclosed for a fuel pump mounted on and driven by an engine, the speed of which is controlled by the pressure of fuel supplied thereto wherein the engine continues to be supplied with fuel from the fuel pump during the test. A fluid circuit is provided which is designed to supply fuel to the engine under controlled pressure to permit the engine speed to be controlled independently of the engine throttle position and to permit the flow rate of the fuel to be adjusted to a predetermined value at which the output pressure of the fuel pump may be measured for calibration purposes. The fluid circuitry and necessary measurement circuitry may be mounted within a small, portable housing to allow for field testing of a fuel pump.

Abstract: An outwardly opening poppet valve type, fuel injection nozzle is provided with a part or parts thereof electrically insulated relative to the nozzle housing whereby, when the injector poppet valve is closed an electrical circuit can be completed through the injector poppet valve and housing and, when the injector poppet valve is moved to an open position, the continuity of this electrical circuit would be broken. By connecting an electrical continuity tester to this electrical circuit the opening and closing of the injector poppet valve can be detected and can be used to set the timing of a diesel engine.

Abstract: A strain gauge force transducer having a mounting surface and a bearing surface and responsive to compressive loading therebetween is attached at the mounting surface to the sole of a slipper which is adapted to releasably engage the foot of a human operator, the transducer being attached at a force transmitting portion of the sole which receives the force applied by the operator, the bearing surface of the transducer being adapted for contact with the brake pedal of an automobile, the transducer providing, in response to compressive loading resulting from the transmittal of operator-applied force from the sole to the brake pedal, a signal at a magnitude representative of the force applied by the operator to the brake pedal.

Abstract: A paddle wheel transducer for mounting to a marine vehicle utilizes a source of radiant energy for establishing a beam of radiant energy directed perpendicular to the direction of movement of the paddle wheel vanes and a radiant energy responsive element for detecting interruptions of the radiant energy beam produced by passage of the paddle wheel vanes therethrough to detect paddle wheel rotation. The radiant energy beam is a beam of infrared light and the radiant energy responsive means is a phototransistor.In providing a marine speedometer utilizing the radiant energy paddle wheel transducer, the phototransistor is connected in an electrical circuit which produces an electrical pulse output signal representative of paddle wheel rotation. The pulse signal is applied to digital circuitry which is operable to count pulses under the control of auxiliary control logic and develop a count representative of marine vehicle speed. The marine vehicle speed is displayed on a digital readout.

Abstract: A directional heat loss anemometer transducer for sensing both the speed and direction of motion of a fluid, liquid or gas in which the transducer is immersed. The transducer is constructed of fine long cylindrical resistive conductors which are axially disposed about a supporting body wherein at least two conductors serve as a direction sensing pair which can also be used to determine impinging fluid speed. For flow in opposite directions across the transducer a third conductor can be used to independently sense speed when it is mounted so as to function as a freely supported fine cylinder. The direction sensing conductors are joined to the supporting body by an adhesive connecting means thereby preventing independent flow between the individual conductors of the conductor pair. The electrical conductors can be metallic or resistive films which are deposited on a cylindrical supporting body, or they may be individual wires of circular cross-section.

Abstract: A system for remote measurement of wind velocity and direction. An acoustic echo transmitter for directing a beam of acoustic energy toward a zone, and a plurality of receivers for receiving acoustic energy scattered by wind in the zone, with each receiver output having a doppler frequency component. A system which permits positioning the receivers at various elevations and various distances and angles from the transmitter, and a system particularly sensitive to measurement of vertical wind velocity.