Abstract: In radial piston fluid handling devices, such as for example pumps or motors, piston shoes are pivotable connected to the respective pistons. The invention improves the swing-member portion of the piston shoe in order to increase the efficiency and pressure bearing capability thereby, that the endface of the pivot portion is formed part-cylindrically by a radius which is a little bit shorter than the radius of the associated piston. The fluid pressure balancing pocket in the pivot member becomes formed accordingly, so that the pressure bearing capacity of the piston-piston-shoe pivot-assembly becomes considerably improved.

Abstract: Apparatus for bending sidewall-attached flaps of a box to positions where they lie interiorly of the box, substantially parallel and adjacent to their respective sidewalls. Opposed first and second flaps are contacted by first and second folder members which are moved arcuately in opposite directions from mutually adjacent retracted positions outside the box to extended positions in the box where they lie adjacent to the respective sidewalls.

Abstract: A cover for vent pipes rising from building roofs is formed from a unitary initially flat blank which can be bent to fit around the vent pipe snugly and securely with locking tabs provided to hold the cover in place and stabilize it on the vent pipe. Debris is excluded from the open vent pipe without interference with its ventilating action.

Abstract: A chimney cowl has a vertically-spaced series of five annular vanes centered on a common vertical axis. The vanes are carried by three supports equi-spaced around the inner peripheries of the vanes, the supports mounting co-axially with said vanes and between the uppermost vane and the vane immediately subjacent thereto a device providing upper and lower aerofoils. The uppermost and lowermost vanes are parallel and are of frusto-conical shape and the three intermediate vanes are parallel and are normal to the vertical axis of the vanes. The upper aerofoil is a wall of conical shape parallel to the uppermost vane and the lower aerofoil is a wall of inverted conical shape seating within and secured to the wall of the upper aerofoil. Means for clamping the cowl in position in a chimney outlet is provided.

Abstract: An infuser which is primarily intended for use in making coffee can be constructed utilizing a container having a bottom inlet. A filter element is located within the interior of the container in such a manner that the position of the filter element relative to the bottom of the container can be adjusted. The outlet for the container comprises a tube slidably mounted in the bottom of the container and spring biased upwardly so that the upper end of the tube is in communication with an opening through the filter at all times that the filter is in place within the interior of the container. The container preferably includes a lid which seals off the interior of the container and which carries a threaded shaft and a nut type structure for linearly moving the shaft. The shaft is secured to the filter so that as the nut is rotated the position of the filter within the container can be varied.

Abstract: A corn popping apparatus is provided including a mechanism for maintaining a popcorn pan in one of two stable positions, a cooking position and a discharge position, and for assisting in the movement of the pan from one position to the other. The mechanism is powered by a compression spring and includes a piston to provide a controlled return rate. A linkage is provided which serves to pivotally connect the popcorn pan to a frame. The linkage allows the pan to swing from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position down and away from the pan cover so that the top of the pan is completely open to discharge its contents without significant effort on the part of the operator.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for processing fresh cheese curd such as is produced in the manufacture of cottage cheese. Employs a belt in the form of a plastic screen which is caused to press a continuous layer of the curd against the peripheral surface of a rotatable drum to express liquid and to provide a curd of the desired moisture content for further processing. The pressing action can be controlled by adjusting the belt tension.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described for pitting fruit of the drupe type in a cyclical manner in a processing operation involving a series of processing steps in which fruit having a sound pit is torque pitted and fruit having a split pit is spoon pitted. In the apparatus and method the presence or absence of a fruit to be supplied to the pitting station from a preceding station is sensed and the cyclical operation of the process and the apparatus with the cyclical sequence of steps and machine operations is varied depending upon whether a fruit is presented to the pitting station during a cycle of operation or not, and if a fruit so presented has a sound or split pit. When a fruit having a split pit is presented, a coring spoon spaced from the pit gripping portion of fruit bisecting blades is moved into position by moving the blades and coring spoon through the fruit and between the halves of the split pits for cutting a core including the split pit from the fruit.

Abstract: Small bunches of baleable material are formed into self-sustaining tied small bales as the material is fed to a large container. A plurality of the small bales filling the container are tied into a self-sustaining large bale. Untying a large bale from storage produces a plurality of easily handled tied small bales instead of a large mass of loose material.

Abstract: A bolster for a press, such as a mechanical press, which is capable of being easily retracted downwardly so as to increase the die separation thereby enabling easy access to the dies for maintenance. The bolster assembly includes a base mounted to the bed of the press, a bolster supported on the base and guided thereby for rectilinear movement in opposed relation to the bed and slide between an extended position for normal press operation, and a retracted position wherein the separation between the upper and lower dies is sufficient to permit easy access, and a hydraulic piston and cylinder arrangement for rigidly holding the bolster in its extended position when charged with high pressure hydraulic fluid, yet permitting the bolster to retract when the hydraulic pressure is released.

Abstract: A rolling device or roller mill containing controlled deflection rolls is provided with a support arrangement possessing side portions having cutouts intended to receive bearing blocks for the rolls and closed by detachable closure elements. The side elements can be formed, as by cutting, from sheet plate and are only minimumly machined.

Abstract: A lock mechanism for shutheight adjustment in a press having a frame with a crown and bed, a slide mounted for reciprocation toward and away from the bed, and a drive mechanism comprising one or more crankshaft driven connection screws for reciprocating the slide. The shutheight for the press is adjusted by means of a pair of internally threaded nuts on the threaded end portion of each of the connection screws, the nuts being connected to and carrying the slide. The nuts are keyed together so that they rotate in unison and are rotated by means of a worm mechanism turned either manually or by means of a motor. As the nuts rotate on their respective connection screws, the slide will be raised or lowered relative to the ram and to the bed of the press thereby adjusting the shutheight opening between the slide and bed. The adjustment mechanism is locked by means of a wedge-shaped split ring disposed between the nuts.

Abstract: A constant pressure printing mechanism for use with a hand labeler: an actuating lever, pivotally connected to the frame of the hand labeler, is divided into a hand lever and a printing lever, which are pivotally connected to each other; a printing head is carried by the printing lever; a shock-absorbing tensioned spring is interposed between the hand lever and the printing lever to bias them to rotate toward each other and to rotate the printing head toward the platen; a retaining lever, pivotally attached on the hand lever, is engageable with the printing platen upon descent of the printing lever; before such engagement, the retaining lever retains the hand lever on the printing lever to move together; when the printing head moves to the platen, the retaining lever is raised away from the printing lever by its engagement with the printing platen; this enables the hand lever to further pivot slightly against the biasing force of the tension spring, even when the printing head abuts against the platen, so tha

Abstract: A constant pressure printing mechanism for use in a label printing machine: the platen is pivotally secured to the machine body; the pivotally supported, hand operated printing levers include a projection, which engages a pivotally supported platen lifting member, and the lifting member is pivoted by the projection to turn the platen toward the printing head, whereby the printing head and the platen are moved near to each other to perform the printing of labels.

Abstract: A constant pressure printing mechanism for use in a portable label printing machine, or the like: a pressing member is attached to a hand operated driving lever which carries the printing head and which is pivotally attached to the machine frame; a separate rocking lever is pivotally attached to the machine frame; a pressure receiving member attached to the rocking lever is in position to be engaged by the pressure member as the driving lever pivots; continued pivoting of the driving lever causes subsequent separation of the pressure receiving and pressure members, thereby again freeing the rocking member from being pivoted; a platen pivotally secured to the machine frame is normally biased away from the printing head; an elastic buffer member is stretched between the rocking lever and the platen for pivoting the platen toward the printing head when the rocking member is pivoted by the pressure member; with the provision of the constant pressure printing mechanism of the invention, the intensity and the conta

Abstract: Polymeric sulfur nitride (SN).sub.x is utilized as the conducting explosive aterial in electric initiators.

Abstract: A method of joining detonating cord lengths by encapsulation of the cord lengths in heat-shrunk synthetic plastics film. The method is useful in splicing detonating cord ends and assembling multi-strand charges.

Abstract: Apparatus for protecting the primers of electrically ignitable ammunition from accidental firing due to electrostatic charge build up and electromagnetic radiation. In one arrangement, the insulation between the primer cap and the metal case of the ammunition round is short-circuited with a conductive coating which covers the primer and base of the round. In a second arrangement, a conductive coating is used in the same fashion, but it is applied over a previously applied dot of non-conductive paint which covers a small area encompassing the primer and adjacent portion of the cartridge casing. Still another arrangement utilizes a circular metal foil affixed across the base of the casing with conductive cement that is applied only along the outer periphery. If desired, the metal foil may be supported on a protective layer of Mylar or the like.

Abstract: A transportation system includes pallet cars coupled with one another; the pallet cars being for the positive non-slipping transportation of baggage conveyor cars for escalators. On the lower side of the pallet cars, arc-shaped drivers are pivotably mounted about one of the carrying axles constituting a pivot point, by means of a bracket. The drivers are supported on a track via a roller secured at a pivot point on the driver such that during the transportation operation the driver projects through a slot in the pallet car and engages in back of a catch which is secured at the bottom of the baggage conveyor car. Shortly before reaching the horizontal part of the transportation system the driver disengages from the catch of the baggage conveyor car.

Abstract: Enclosed covered hopper cars are interconnected by conduits to form a partial or complete unit-train for liquid lading service, particularly liquid petroleum. The conduits are at least partially flexible to negotiate curves in the road bed. Preferably the conduits joining adjacent hoppers extend between openings located in the upper portion of the end hoppers. Preferably at the bottom of each hopper a hopper floor is removably attached to a hopper outlet mounting flange. The hopper floor includes a lading opening. A longitudinal tube is located below the lading openings, extending between the end floor sheets. A conduit extends from the upper portion of one end hopper in the car to the longitudinal tube to enable the cars to be unloaded by positive pressure applied to an end car of a group of cars.

Abstract: A modular center filler and center plate may be constructed as a unit away from the car and adapted for connection to the center sill webs of a railway vehicle. The center filler has a thick bottom plate which extends beneath the center sill and has pairs of interconnected longitudinal and transverse sill reinforcing plates arranged in a double I-beam manner. The center plate has longitudinally extending attached skirts, and bevels are provided which allow the car to rock at the bevel lines. Forces transmitted through the center plate at the bevels are absorbed and distributed by the associated longitudinal plates and other bolster and center filler structural elements.

Abstract: The processing of combustible, partially combustible and non-combustible liquid waste at preferably high temperatures. The vertical combustion chamber is preferably round with liquids introduced from the top by spray nozzle or similar means and being treated as the liquid falls. Heat for preheating or processing comes from a number of flat flame radiation type burners addressing the falling liquid mostly by radiation heat. The number and arrangement of the auxiliary burners depends on the liquid to be processed and the furnace capacity. The auxiliary burner type and arrangement prevents flame impingement by the falling liquid. During the processing of certain liquids, the falling liquid will be totally surrounded by flames, from the top of the combustion chamber to a point at which no more processing is required. The discharge gases exit at the lower end of the combustion chamber and are beneficially utilized. For maximum efficiency, the liquid is air preferably air atomized.

Abstract: A fuel-staging burner assembly and method in which a burner nozzle has separate, concentrically disposed elements to burn coarse and fine coal particles under different combustion conditions to reduce the production of nitrogen oxides from the combustion of coal as a fuel. The burner assembly further includes a control nozzle for maintaining a swirling motion in the combustion flame and a separate, axially-movable adjustable sleeve for regulating the quantity flow of turbulence-free combustion-supporting air.

Abstract: A coal pump is provided in which solid coal is heated in the barrel of an extruder under pressure to a temperature at which the coal assumes plastic properties. The coal is continuously extruded, without static zones, using, for example, screw extrusion preferably without venting through a reduced diameter die to form a dispersed spray. As a result, the dispersed coal may be continuously injected into vessels or combustors at any pressure up to the maximum pressure developed in the extrusion device. The coal may be premixed with other materials such as desulfurization aids or reducible metal ores so that reactions occur, during or after conversion to its plastic state. Alternatively, the coal may be processed and caused to react after extrusion, through the die, with, for example, liquid oxidizers, whereby a coal reactor is provided. Alternative utilization of the device may be to secure continuous pyrolysis of the coal or to feed the extruded coal into furnaces operating at pressures near ambient.

Abstract: A device for preparing and reseeding small bare spots in a lawn is in the form of a telescoping tubular member having upper and lower, relatively slidable tubes, with the storage hopper for the grass seeds being provided in the upper tube, and wherein a valve means is provided at the connection between the upper and lower tubes for controlling the flow of seeds from the storage hopper through the lower tube to the bare spot on the ground. The valve means preferably comprises a caged ball secured within the upper tube, and an actuating means secured to the lower tube. Spring biasing means are provided to maintain the tubular member in its extended position, with the valve means being closed. The lower end of the lower tube is formed with teeth for initially scoring the bare spot. Next, the tubular member is compressed along its axial length, thereby momentarily actuating the ball valve to enable a measured amount of grass seed to fall through the tubular member for deposit on the ground.

Abstract: A closure for the upper portion of a rounded vehicle body end is provided for spanning between the upper marginal edge of the rounded body end and the adjacent end of the top of the vehicle body. The closure is constructed including marginal portions coextensive with the upper marginal edge of the rounded end of the body and the adjacent end of the body top and the closure includes a component thereof comprising one-half of an intermediate product constructed by stretch forming sheet metal over a male die.

Abstract: A roller assembly adapted for securement to a cable on a sailboat, adjacent a spreader bar, to eliminate chafing or wear of a sail. A pair of identical halves comprise a free spinning roller mounted upon an axle which clamps on the cable and locates the assembly thereon. The axle is also comprised of a pair of mating halves. Mating fastener elements are provided to interlock the roller halves together about the rotary bearing surface of the axle when the clamping axle is secured to the cable.

Abstract: An apparatus to be attached to each of at least two portions of a structure for mooring the structure to a pier comprises two universal joint assemblies to be arranged along two sides of a triangle having a base in parallel to the structure. Each of the joint assemblies includes a telescopic shank composed of two tubular members slidable one within the other, two universal joints provided at the opposite ends of the shank respectively, and superposed dish springs disposed within the shank to bias the tubular members away from each other.

Abstract: A process of preparing litter for absorbing and neutralizing the odors of animal waste matter from a mixture of alfalfa and gelatinizable carbohydrate such as a flour.

Abstract: Aquarium hood apparatus having a base member with an aquarium filtration housing supported in partially depending relation to the base member, the housing having side walls, end walls, a bottom and an open top with a partition within the housing spaced from one end wall defining a water exit chamber for discharging water through an opening in the one end beneath the plane of the base member, the partition having the upper edge thereof spaced below the open end of the housing. A disposable filtration cartridge is disposed longitudinally between the partition and the other end wall to define a first fluid receiving chamber and a cleansed fluid chamber, the latter being in fluid communication with the first chamber, the height of the partition permitting overflow from the fluid receiving chamber into the first chamber in the event of clogging of the filter.

Abstract: An animal cage rack incorporating a shelf leveling device includes a support frame in which a plurality of shelves are adjustably mounted. The corners of the shelves rest on height adjustment devices which may be rotated to adjust the height of each of corners, after which the shelves may be locked to the support frame. In one embodiment of the invention, the adjustment device is an adjusting screw. Additional embodiments of the invention include cam-operated height adjustment devices which either adjust the height of individual corners of shelves or alternatively adjust the heights of corresponding corners of several shelves.

Abstract: A device for immobilizing live animals to permit laboratory examination thereof. The device consists of a base plate to which guides and pins are attached, and with cantilever arms disposed on and rotatably and vertically movable relative to the pins. The specimen to be retained is placed on the base plate between a pair of guides, and the arm over these guides is lowered onto the specimen. Thus, the specimen is confined but not surrounded. Guides, recesses, and holes in the arms allow the attachment of various fixtures or instruments to the retained animal(s).

Abstract: Heat is recovered from the flue gas stream discharged from a power plant combustion zone by heat exchange of the flue gas stream against the air stream which enters the combustion zone. Each gas stream flows through two rotating air preheaters, with a first preheater rotating at a constant rate and a second preheater rotating at a variable rate. The rate of rotation of the second preheater is varied to adjust the temperature of either the heated air stream or the temperature of the flue gas stream after passage through the preheaters.

Abstract: A double-fired heating boiler includes first and second combustion chambers positioned within a common boiler water chamber and adapted to be fired respectively by gas or oil and by solid fuel. A collector for the combustion gases produced by the burning of the fluid and solid fuel is provided. Separate exhaust conduit systems having ancillary heat exchange surfaces are connected to the respective combustion chambers and to the collector.

Abstract: Multiple signal bits are used to create basic fuel injection time intervals which are combined to produce many different injection time intervals of which the consecutive time difference becomes negligibly small such that practically smooth and stepless control of fuel injection becomes feasible with a simple device. The device enables its relative engine to run under either stratified fuel distribution mode for antipollution purpose or anti-stratified fuel distribution mode for acceleration purpose. The device can also be used on existing fuel injection engines with resulting elimination of the main injector and the intake manifold and improvement in volumetric efficiency and engine performance.

Abstract: An engine structure (12) wherein a fuel injector nozzle (11) is retained in accurate preselected association with the cylinder head (16) by an improved clamp (20). The clamp is associated with a force-applying device (24) and the nozzle head (13) so as to provide an accurate transfer of force from the force-applying device (24) to the nozzle parallel to the longitudinal axis (20) of the nozzle and in a manner accurately positioning the nozzle about its longitudinal axis. The clamp is associated with the force-applying device and the nozzle head so as to have non-surface engagement between the force transfer portions (21,28, 31,19, and 34,35) and in the illustrated form, utilizes line contact force transfers therebetween. The line contacts are preselected so as to be parallel to each other in providing the desirable accurate force transfer.

Abstract: A reciprocating engine including a block having at least one cylinder therein, a piston reciprocally received in the cylinder and having a crown, a depending skirt and a ring-receiving groove on the skirt near the crown. The piston has a central cavity terminating near the crown and a coolant-receiving passage in heat exchange relationship to the groove. A nozzle is stationarily mounted on the engine and has first and second jets, the first jet directing coolant to the cavity and the second jet directing coolant to the coolant-receiving passage, both for all operating positions of the piston within the cylinder. A filtered oil supply for the nozzle is provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a two-stroke-cycle engine which has a main piston, and an auxiliary piston and transfer valve arrangement. and its associated drive mechanism. The engine has also at least two intake valves arranged in the cylinder head. The auxiliary piston and transfer valve assembly comprises an auxiliary piston having an external hollow stem linearly slidable in a bushing mounted in said cylinder head and the transfer valve is provided with a stem freely slidable within said hollow stem.

Abstract: A hydraulic valve actuator system for an internal combustion engine in which an engine driven pump means supplies fluid, at high pressure, sequentially to an N number of outlets, each outlet being connected by a check valve and a fluid delivery conduit to an associated actuator means for a poppet valve in a set of N number of poppet valves for the engine, each actuator means including an actuator plunger reciprocably journaled in an actuator cylinder with one end of the actuator plunger positioned for abutment against the stem of an associated poppet valve that is normally held closed by an associated valve return spring.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system for use in an internal combustion engine includes an intake manifold having a riser portion serving as a heating source for an intake mixture charge, an exhaust gas recirculation passage running from an exhaust manifold to an intake system for introducing part of exhaust gases from the former to the latter, and a temperature-responsive valve provided in the intake manifold in such a position as to be able to detect the temperature of the riser portion for controlling the flow rate of the recirculation exhaust gases, in accordance with the temperature of the riser position. In this exhaust gas recirculation system, the flow rate of exhaust gases to be recirculated from the exhaust manifold to the intake system may be increased by one step, or two steps, as required, in response to the temperature of the riser portion, by means of a modified temperature responsive valve attached to the intake system.

Abstract: Method for recycling exhaust gas from a fuel injection engine, wherein the speed of the engine, as well as the rate of the fuel injection to the engine combustion chambers, are the determining factors in regulating the flow rate of exhaust gas to the engine's intake manifold.

Abstract: A back pressure control type EGR system wherein a vacuum line for connecting an EGR port with a vacuum operated EGR valve for controlling the amount of the recirculated exhaust gas is selectively opened to an air chamber of a vacuum modulator valve responsive to the pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas. The air chamber is connected, via a vacuum line, to a second vacuum port located slightly above the EGR port. A vacuum switching valve responsive to vacuum pressure at a third port formed in an intake manifold is arranged in the vacuum line.

Abstract: An air cleaner temperature sensor for use in sensing the temperature of the air in an air cleaner and modulating the temperature of the air entering the air cleaner in response to the temperature in the air cleaner comprising a plastic body having an inlet adapted to be connected to a vacuum source and an outlet through which the vacuum can be connected to a motor for controlling the flow of air to the air cleaner. The body includes an opening to the ambient air surrounding the body, a valve in said opening and a bimetallic element is supported by the body and is operable to control the valve element such that the flow of air through the ambient air inlet is controlled by the bimetallic element, the body has a cover and an integral plastic hinge connecting the cover to the body. The cover has a portion thereof extending along the side wall of the body and an interengaging mechanical means between the cover and the body to lock the cover in position.

Abstract: A fuel gasifying system for a piston-type internal combustion engine including an expansible gas chamber disposed between a fuel pump and a heated fuel line section and an air cannister including a gas injector and plate arrangement for achieving a proper air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: This disclosure deals with apparatus for adjusting the timing of injection in an internal combustion engine wherein the fuel system includes unit injectors. The injector for each combustion chamber of the engine is actuated to inject fuel by a cam-follower-linkage mechanism that operates in time relation with the movement of the pistons of the engine. Each such mechanism includes a cam which is rotated in synchronism with the pistons of the engine, a pivotable cam follower which rides on the cam, and a linkage which connects the follower with an injector. The injector includes a plunger which seats on a cup or nozzle to terminate injection. To adjust the timing of injection, the pivot point of the follower and the angular point of engagement of the follower with the cam are moved. The relation of the cam, the follower and the linkage are arranged such that the movement of the linkage does not materially change the effective travel of the plunger as the timing is changed within a broad range.

Abstract: A mechanical, throttle body injection apparatus has an air valve positioned metering rod controlling fuel flow from a constant pressure fuel source through one side of a pressure regulator valve to a nozzle for continuous fuel injection into the throttle bore of the throttle valve controlling induction flow therethrough. Excess fuel, not metered by the metering rod, applies a control pressure to the other side of the pressure regulator valve and is returned to a fuel reservoir via a drain passage, flow through which is controlled by a pulse width modulated solenoid valve. The apparatus includes means for fuel enrichment at cold start and during engine warm-up.

Abstract: An ignition system includes an alternating current power source which feeds a transformer having a primary winding, the primary winding being coupled to an electronic switch. The electronic switch intermittently interrupts current flowing in the primary winding and in the output circuit of the power source. Such electronic switch is made operable by virtue of the peak excursions of the alternating current thus supplying the necessary collector potential to such switch during each firing cycle of the system. A capacitor in series with the output circuit of the power source and with the primary winding enables current to be transferred out of the power source to such primary winding. Such electronic switch also provides discrete separation between successive output waveforms of successive ignition firing cycles.

Abstract: An AC powered ignition system employs a rectangular wave power source and a logic circuit for controlling igniter firing. Such logic circuit intermittently interrupts the flow of DC bias current in active stages of the AC power source and activates an electronic switch to charge the output winding of the AC power source and the primary winding of an ignition transformer by means of a DC source, and then discharge such windings into a capacitor at the same time as the AC power source provides its alternating current output by deactivating such electronic switch. Large transient intermodulated currents and voltages result thereby to provide high energy firing levels to igniters in a fuel burning engine. Provisions are made to include a second capacitor in series with the output and primary windings and/or a second electronic switch that prevent residual charge in the AC power source from appearing as a voltage or current during periods between igniter firing.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for indirect recooling of a heat transfer medium, such as water, by air. The heat transfer medium has a relatively high heat transfer coefficient compared to that of air. The heat exchanger has two substantially parallel end walls or plates which are provided with holes. Associated with these end walls are side walls which are provided with inlet and outlet means for the heat transfer medium. Non-finned tubes with air flowing therethrough are disposed between the end walls and are sealed thereagainst.

Abstract: A casing for the lubrication of a camshaft of an internal combustion engine for automotive vehicles is partially filled with lubricating oil to effect splash lubrication of cams carried by the camshaft and has at least one lateral overflow port to maintain the oil at a substantially constant level. The overflow port is configured so as to prevent removal of oil which is not in excess of the required amount as a result of the shifting of the oil due to a uphill or downhill inclination of the vehicle. According to a preferred embodiment, the overflow port has a horizontal lower wall which corresponds to the desired maximum level of oil when the vehicle is level and this lower wall is flanked by inclined walls which correspond to the desired maximum level when the vehicle is in uphill and downhill orientations, respectively.