Abstract: A multi-stage, wet steam turbine employs working fluid, such as steam for example, in its two-phase region with vapor and liquid occurring simultaneously for at least part of the cycle, in particular the nozzle expansion. A smaller number of stages than usual is made possible, and the turbine may handle liquid only. Simple construction, low fuel consumption and high reliability are achieved.

Abstract: A load sharing arrangement for a multiple engine power plant operating to supply power to a common load wherein the power output of each engine is proportional to the amount of fuel supplied thereto. A pneumatic speed setting designated by the power plant operator is directed so as to control the power output of one of the engines (master), and remotely located control system sensitive to the power output of each of the engines, adjusts the power output of the other engine (slave) so that the common load is equally shared at the designated speed setting.

Abstract: A vapor compression refrigeration system comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator connected to form a refrigeration circuit. The system also includes a modulating valve and control means therefor for modulating a flow of refrigerant from the evaporator to the compressor to control the refrigerant flow through the compressor and the capacity of the refrigeration system. The refrigeration system further comprises a bypass line, a quench valve, and control means therefor for interjecting condensed refrigerant into the refrigeration circuit prior to the compressor and subsequent to the modulating valve in response to a predetermined refrigerant flow rate through the compressor.

Abstract: A refrigerator comprising a freezing compartment and a refrigerating compartment which refrigerator is provided with a primary refrigerating system containing a refrigerant with a primary evaporator disposed in the freezing compartment, and a secondary refrigerating system which also contains a refrigerant with a secondary evaporator disposed in the refrigerating compartment, and a secondary condensor which is in heat-exchanging contact with the primary evaporator, which condensor has a condensation wall on whose surface the refrigerant condenses during operation, means being provided for varying the available condensation wall area, so as to control the temperature of the secondary evaporator.

Abstract: An air-conditioned passenger motor vehicle preferably with a partition wall between the front part of the passenger cell and the rear space; a separate air-conditioning installation is provided for each part of the passenger cell which consists of a blower, of an air filter, of a cooling-medium evaporator and of actuating means for the separate air-conditioning installation.

Abstract: A torsion spring clutch having coaxial clutch sections rotatable relative to each other, connected by a helical torsion spring which frictionally engages a conical portion of one of the clutch sections. A mounting portion is rotatable with respect to guide surfaces on one of the clutch sections to produce axial movement of the mounting section and spring for adjustment of the clutch force.

Abstract: The invention relates to a knitting machine having a combing-in cylinder for producing knitted goods with combed-in fibres. The problem of the invention is rapidly and effectively to eliminate the gaps which occur in the carding clothing of the combing-in cylinder in the knitting operation and which have only a very small number of fibres. This problem is solved by means of a regularization cylinder which co-operates with the combing-in cylinder and which treats the fibres on the combing-in cylinder in the manner of a comb, displaces such fibres in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the combing-in cylinder and thereby regularizes such fibres, without however picking up fibres itself.

Abstract: Operation conditions of a knitting machine for respective courses are marked on predetermined columns of a program sheet and are thus stored, the program sheet is rotated in the normal direction or reverse direction by one pitch per course, and marks are read out at every step of the program sheet by a mark reader to operate the knitting machine under conditions indicated by the read marks. In the apparatus for saving instuctions of a program sheet according to the present invention, when the operation of a knitting machine is continuously conducted under the same conditions, the stepwise advance of the program sheet is stopped and when the operation of the knitting machine is repeated according to a certain operation cycle, the program sheet is rotated in the normal direction or reverse direction according to said operation cycle.

Abstract: A boat motor lock means, attachable without tools to many existing boat motors as well as new equipment, which achieves a locking of the boat motor to the boat by locking the motor-clamp bolt against rotation once the clamp bolt has been turned to its desired motor-clamping position.

Abstract: A vehicle steering column assembly incorporating a steering shaft lock plate assembly mounted between the steering wheel and the stationary upper housing of the column. The lock plate assembly includes a disc-like locking plate of a hard plastic material formed with a series of blind holes therein for receiving the end of a locking bolt. The plate has a central metallic hub which is internally splined which mesh with the splines of the steering shaft. The locking plate construction prevents the unauthorized displacement of the locking bolt and the steering of the vehicle.

Abstract: Coiling machine with identical diameter arbors each end of spindle, contacted by a pair of identical diameter rings on each arbor, transmitting their picked up power to associated cushioned work rings with complete speed synchronism and unvarying coiling pressure on the wire.

Abstract: A press structure wherein die pads are movable within die sleeves and wherein the die pads are recessed within the die sleeves initially for receiving material slugs. A suitable mechanism is provided which permits the die pads to be returned to positions beyond their starting positions so as to effect the complete removal of a formed article from its respective die sleeve to facilitate transverse removal of each formed tubular body. The stop mechanism next functions to move the die pad back to the original starting position ready to receive thereon another material slug.

Abstract: A gas sensor including a gas sensing element whose electrical resistance varies in accordance with the gas composition in the exhaust gas, especially the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, and a reference resistor connected in series with the gas sensing element. A predetermined voltage is applied across the series circuit of the gas sensing element and the reference resistor to detect the gas composition in the exhaust gas by a voltage at the junction point of the gas sensing element and the reference resistor.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method of operating the apparatus are provided for obtaining a sample of polymer cement and for determining the polymer content of the cement and a molecular weight of the polymer. The apparatus comprises a valve means in combination with a dilution means whereby dilute polymer solution is supplied to a solution viscometer means and to a gel permeation chromatographic means. Operation of the apparatus is controlled by a micro computer. The apparatus and method are useful for determining the polymer content and polymer molecular weight of, for example, polybutadiene formed in a polymerization reactor.

Abstract: A force detector for detecting a force directly as a stress is disclosed which includes a piezoelectric unit for detecting a stress, a vessel for housing the piezoelectric unit, and a seal member for sealing the piezoelectric unit firmly and integrally in the vessel.

Abstract: Load indicating apparatus in which a hydraulic load sensing unit is pivotally connected by coupling pins respectively with opposed members capable of relative movements under applied load forces, one of the coupling pins comprising an electronic load sensing unit in the form of a hollow pivot pin structure with internally mounted electrically interconnected strain gages operative in response to the applied load forces to generate an output signal.

Abstract: A device (10) which detects irregularities in the contour of sidewalls of a tire (T) includes transducer probes (29, 30) which are positioned by control systems (31, 40, 45) adjacent the sidewalls of the tire (T) to be tested. As the tire (T) is rotated the output signals of the transducer probes (29, 30), which are proportional to sidewall contour, are fed to a signal processing circuit (60) which provides an output signal indicative of an irregularity in the contour of a sidewall when an irregularity of a predetermined extent exists for a predetermined time period.

Abstract: A self recording meter for recording water currents is described. The current meter comprises a housing having a vertical axis, three accelerometers each having a sensitive axis mounted at 90.degree. to each other within the housing wherein the sensitive axis of one of the accelerometers is coincident with the housing vertical axis, and the other axes are substantially horizontal, a magnetic compass disposed within the housing for measuring an angle defined between magnetic North and the sensitive axis of one of the substantially horizontal accelerometers, a depth sensor, and circuitry for emitting electronic signals from the accelerometers, compass and depth sensor indicating magnitude of horizontal current relative to depth, direction of horizontal current relative to depth, and magnitude and direction of vertical current relative to depth.

Abstract: The device makes use of a simple and inexpensive mechanism for temperature stabilization of one or a number of points of an electric circuit such as the free ends of the bimetallic conductors of a thermocouple, or a connector designed to receive one or a number of pins connected to an electric circuit. A good thermal contact is established between the point to be temperature-controlled and a positive-temperature-coefficient resistor which may be surrounded by a second resistor of the same type. The resistors are supplied at constant voltage. One example of the connector consists of a metallic casing surrounding a resistor in the form of a cylindrical sleeve placed around a second resistor in the form of a cylindrical sleeve in which one or a number of jacks are embedded in heat-conducting material.

Abstract: A winding temperature heater well for detecting the temperature of the oil about the coils in large transformers. The heater well comprising a temperature detecting device enveloped by a grid-patterned resistor element, the current through which varies directly with the current through the transformer, and a sleeve which protects the resistor and temperature detecting device from the oil. The heater well is embedded in a resin plate in such a manner as to allow calibration of the resistor from outside the plate.

Abstract: A magazine equipped with centering and coupling elements for measuring and sampling devices for a device for handling the sampling devices by means of measuring lances in melts. The handling device arranged above the vessel adapted to receive and hold the melt is equipped with a lifting mechanism for lifting the measuring lances and is also equipped with a guiding system for guiding a measuring lance. The magazine is displaceable in the direction of its longitudinal axis and is combined with the handling device to form a movable unit with stripping and separating members.

Abstract: An accelerometer utilizes a pair of SC-cut crystals which respond differentially to acceleration inputs. Each crystal exhibits a highly temperature sensitive resonant mode and a relatively temperature insensitive resonant mode. Both modes are excited simultaneously by an oscillator. The difference frequency data between respective modes of each crystal, as well as the difference frequency data between the two modes of one of the crystals, is processed to obtain a temperature compensated value of acceleration.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for in line ultrasonic inspection of linearly extending brazed composite workpiece including a linearly extending bonded region, traveling linearly at a given speed. A source of ultrasonic signals is focussed on the workpiece and is reciprocated in the plane of the workpiece in a sweep transverse to the direction of workpiece travel, the sweep being at least commensurate with the width of the bonded region. The signals reflected from the workpiece are received and processed to derive control signals, which are input to a marker. The marker is reciprocated in phase with the reciprocation of the signal source. A linearly extending record medium is moved past the marker transversely to the reciprocation of the marker at a speed not greater than one-half the workpiece speed, whereby the marker traces successive generally parallel strokes against said record medium.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for ultrasonically imaging objects of interest. The apparatus includes an elongate source of coherent acoustic waves which are brought to a line focus and propagated in an object of interest. The acoustic waves are detected by an elongate linear array of substantially point receivers which are located parallel to the elongate source and substantially at the line focus. The elongate source and the linear receiver array are translated together relative to the object of interest so that an area is swept out across the object of interest. The amplitude and the phase of the acoustic waves scattered by the object of interest are detected by the receiver array, digitized and back wave reconstructed to yield a digital image of the object of interest.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment comprises an ultrasonic applicator for line-by-line ultrasonic scanning and a picture tube, for example, a television monitor for the visible echo image. The echo lines developing from the ultrasonic applicator are alternately stored in alternating memories and read out to the picture tube. The reading-out ensues singly or multiply in such reading-out times as correspond to the line sweep time of the picture tube. An imaging apparatus is desired which, in addition to direct reproduction, also renders possible the reproduction of stored ultrasonic images given the smallest technical outlay while doing without extravagant image memories.

Abstract: Transducer completely immersed in ultrasonic propagating liquid can be oscillated back and forth at a high rate, without producing significant turbulence in liquid, if oscillation velocity varies as a predetermined smooth continuous function of time.

Abstract: A gyroscope in which sprung elements are supported in cantilever fashion from a rotor and extend in a generally inward direction towards the rotor axis. The centers of mass of the elements are out of alignment with the rotor axis and the elements are free to vibrate in directions parallel to that axis. The output of the gyroscope is derived from detection of these vibrations.

Abstract: The azimuth shaft of an internally gimballed, gyro-stabilized platform assembly is maintained rigid by keeping the uniquely structured inertial instrument-mounting components neutrally buoyant in a flotation liquid that is captive within a spherical shaped outermost gimbal member. Unlike the prior art, this internally gimballed, gyro-stabilized platform assembly can be used for precision, and high-"g", applications.

Abstract: A modulator for controlling the frequency of the power applied to a gyroscope to rotate the seismic mass (wheel) of the gyro so as to compensate for movement of the gyro case about the spin axis of the gyro is disclosed. The modulator includes a slow acting phase-locked loop that includes: a high frequency (e.g., 20 MHz) crystal controlled voltage controlled oscillator (VCXO); a divider for dividing the VCXO frequency down by several decades (e.g., six decades); a phase comparator for comparing the relatively low frequency output of the divider with a low frequency reference signal; a loop filter for filtering the output of the phase comparator so as to give the loop its desired dynamic response characteristic and bandwidth; and, a summing amplifier for summing the output of the phase comparator with a rate signal having a voltage level linearly related to the rate of movement of the gyro case about its spin axis.

Abstract: A gear assembly has a driving pinion, a rack and an intermediate gear coupling the pinion and rack. The teeth of the pinion, gear and rack are of the same pitch, the teeth of the intermediate gear being separated into one sector of teeth which engage the pinion and another sector of teeth which engage the rack. The axis of the intermediate gear is off-center, the radii of curvature of the pitched circles of the two sectors of the intermediate gear are different, and the teeth of the two different sectors of the intermediate gear are not integrally related to the circumference of the respective pitched circles.

Abstract: A counterbalancing system for continuously variable torque transmissions of the type in which one of two working bodies, between which torque is transmitted by rolling friction, undergoes a nutational movement to generate an inertial couple which is variable with an output speed varying component of the transmission. The system includes a pair of variably positioned counterweights connected for movement directly with the speed varying mechanism of the transmission in a manner such that at least the variable component of the inertial couple is substantially counterbalanced for all speed ratios of the transmission.

Abstract: An emergency drive belt and a method of forming the same are provided, wherein such method comprises the steps of winding a ribbon of a cured elastomeric material having a bonding medium on at least one side thereof around at least two spaced apart pulleys and continuing such winding until the belt is built up to a desired thickness.

Abstract: A drive mechanism for a rotary drum having a toothed ring which is disposed on the outer periphery thereof with a clearance in relation to the drum and which meshes with a drive pinion, the toothed ring is secured to a cylindrical support arranged concentrically to and with a clearance from the drum, and mutually spaced circumferential portions of the cylindrical support are respectively secured to the drum and to the toothed ring, the support being elastically flexible whereby the toothed ring is able to move radially of the drum with flexure of the support. The toothed ring is held in mesh with the drive pinion by guide and support elements which are disposed at the same radial distance from the drive pinion axis but which are angularly spaced about the axis and bear on an inner peripheral surface of the toothed ring.

Abstract: A worm gear is provided having a rotary worm screw which drives a reciprocal ball nut by means of a ball chain with coacting helical channeling effecting a raceway between the worm screw and ball nut. The invention resides in providing a ball return member in the interior of the worm screw such that a smaller number of balls in the ball chain may be used than has heretofore been possible in the prior art, and wherein friction is substantially reduced by the use of a smaller ball return channel in a median plane of the ball return member connecting at its ends with radial inlet and outlet channels. A considerable reduction in friction is achieved by the use of novel plastic bushings at the entrance and exit openings into the ball return member which greatly reduces the wear on the components.

Abstract: A hydromechanical transmission especially suited to track-laying vehicles. A series of planetary assemblies are provided in conjunction with a hydrostatic driving module and a hydrostatic steering module. Every range may operate in both forward and reverse modes, and the change between forward and reverse can be made in any range. Efficient operation in moving straight ahead or back and on turns is assured.

Abstract: A vehicular transmission including an underdrive unit and an overdrive unit operatively interconnected by an intermediate shaft, each having at least one planetary gear system including a sun gear, a ring gear, planetary pinions and a planetary carrier wherein an extension member integral with the input gear of the overdrive unit axially extends around the periphery of the intermediate shaft and is operatively spline-coupled to the intermediate shaft. The transmission also includes bearings on the outer periphery of the extension member for supporting an output gear mounted for rotation axially between the underdrive and overdrive units; the output gear conveying transmission rotation to gears for driving the wheels of the vehicle.

Abstract: A power transmission unit for an automotive vehicle having a clutch, a change speed gearing and a final drive compactly arranged with each other. A power output shaft of the clutch extends coaxially with a crankshaft of an engine. The change speed gearing has a main shaft and a counter shaft both disposed downwardly from and in parallel with the power output shaft. On the main and the counter shafts are carried change speed gear trains which are operatively coupled to the power output shaft of the clutch and are disposed downwardly rearwardly from the clutch. The final drive is arranged below the engine adjacent to the front end of the clutch. The final drive and the front end of the main shaft of the change speed gearing are connected through a drive pinion shaft which is disposed immediately below the clutch and extends coaxially with the main shaft. With the arrangement that the drive pinion shaft is disposed immediately below the large clutch, the entire unit is made compact.

Abstract: A differential transmission including a rotatable casing, a pair of pinion gears coupled to the casing, a pair of side gears engaged with the pinion gears, a pair of wheel axles engaged with the side gears, and a limited torque transmitter, in the form of a rotary pump, which pumps the transmission fluid. The torque transmitter develops internal torsional resistance only when the differential speed ratio of the axles exceeds a predetermined value, such as when one wheel slips.

Abstract: A planetary friction drive includes a plurality of balls which are driven about a frusto-conical outer race by an inner driving surface made up of a pair of jaws which are spring biased toward one another into frictional engagement with the balls, and the drive ratio is adjusted by axially moving the inner driving surface relative to the outer race.

Abstract: A variable angle wobble plate drive for varying piston displacement has constant velocity coupling from the wobble plate to the frame which permits all axis-dynamic balancing. The coupling uses an idler element rotating on a tilted axis portion of the shaft, and conical gear sets connecting the idler member to the machine frame and the idler member to the wobble plate. The sum of the acute angles from the tilted axis to the shaft, and to the driving axis, is made greater than the maximum driving angle thereby permitting low reaction torque on a driving angle control mechanism without reversal of control torque.

Abstract: To improve vehicle operator comfort and safety and to reduce wear and tear on the automatic transmission, the apparatus prevents an upshift whenever the accelerator pedal is released very quickly. The apparatus stores the load signal which prevailed when the load was abruptly reduced, thereby simulating to the transmission controller a continuation of high load and preventing an undesired upshift, for example in downhill operation and during roll-outs. Normal load signals are restored whenever the accelerator pedal is returned to a predetermined point. In one embodiment, the stored load signal is a hydraulic pressure and in another embodiment, for use with an electronic transmission controller, the load signal is an electrical signal. In a third embodiment, the upshift control signal from the controller to the transmission is interrupted when the apparatus indicates a complete release of the accelerator pedal.

Abstract: Device for sharpening of scissors, consisting of a disk-shaped body (1) provided with two lengthy openings (2,3) for the scissor blades (8). The openings are on one long side and on one short side limited by sharpening means (4,5) consisting of round pins. The openings (2,3) are positioned so in relation to each other that the active faces of the sharpening means (4) on the long sides, which act upon the inside of the cutting edges, are in line with each other.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing vibrations in revolving disc cutters used for cutting a running web. The method includes the step of coating the disc cutters, at least partly, with a layer having substance components with a high internal friction. Preferably, the disc cutters are made cup-formed so that they have a convex side and a concave side, whereby the coating is applied to the concave side of the cutters. Tough plastic, preferably epoxy resin or rubber, mixed with metal powder, can be used as a coating layer.

Abstract: A socket wrench having the usual handle and squared stud on which a selected wrench socket may be fitted in the usual manner and provided with a gear train extending from the stud to the handle and has a drive wheel extending circumferentially about the handle and keyed to the gear train to permit relative rotation of the drive wheel and socket. Means are provided for releasably locking the thumb wheel against rotation relative to the handle to permit torque to be applied to the nut being tightened or loosened. Resilient means normally urge the drive wheel out of locking engagement where it may be easily rotated by the thumb of the operator to impart corresponding rotation to the nut to tighten or loosen it with minimum pressure.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench usable where limited access normally requires an open end wrench, but which has the high torque capacity of a closed end socket wrench is disclosed. A pair of semicircular socket holders are releasably coupled to each other by a straight ratchet bar assembly for movement from a fully retracted, closed position to an extended, open position. A curved, semiconductor bore is formed transversely through each socket holder, with a recessed counterbore forming a semicircular guide chanel in each holder concentric with the transverse bore. First and second socket segments are received in rotational engagement with the guide channels of the first and second socket holders, respectively. Each socket segment includes a curved head having lands which in combination define a polygonal wrench opening. A curved ratchet carried by each socket segment is received in overlapping engagement with an exterior planar face of each socket holder.

Abstract: A tamper-resistant fastener is disclosed, having a head which tends to prevent the removal of the fastener by conventional tools. The fastener head is provided with three sockets, at least one of which is eccentrically disposed with respect to the other two. The fastener may be attached and removed only with the application of a special driving tool having a male portion adapted for matable engagement with the fastener head. The eccentricity of at least one of the sockets permits the turning of the fastener upon the application of torque by the driving tool. The three-socket arrangement substantially eliminates the tendency of the driving tool to tilt when torque is applied.

Abstract: A device for positive ejection of cylindrical socket wrenches from a retaining square-drive is disclosed consisting primarily of a lever mounted on the shaft of a typical ratchet-driven socket wrench parallel to the shaft. A flat fork in one end of the lever is placed around the square-drive at its base and under a retained socket. A fulcrum at the midpoint of the lever rests on the shaft of the wrench and the lever is retained by a spring clip surrounding both the lever and the shaft. Depression of one end of the lever raises the fork end lifting the socket from the square drive and the spring clip returns the lever to its initial position.

Abstract: A collet rotatably mounted in the tool bracket of a Swiss-type automatic screw machine is assembled with a mechanism for contracting the collet to grip the work with sufficient force to cause the collet to rotate with the work but yet enable the work to translate axially through the collet as it is advanced or retracted by the rotating head stock of the screw machine.

Abstract: In transporting brick elements cut from a continuous ribbon of brick-forming material to a transfer station for transfer onto pallets or the like, the ribbon is advanced towards the transfer station as the brick elements are cut from the leading end portion of the advancing ribbon. The cut brick elements are cut on an advancing cutting carriage and transferred therefrom onto a first conveyor means and from there to a second conveyor means, the first and second conveyor means advancing at a faster speed than the advancement of the ribbon. During the return of the cutting carriage, the first conveyor means moves at the same speed as the advancing ribbon while second conveyor means remains stationary to facilitate transfer of the cut brick elements onto pallets or the like.

Abstract: A variable utility chain saw apparatus which includes a mounting frame, a mounting plate removably carried in the mounting frame and a portable chain saw secured to one side of the mounting plate and including a saw blade guide plate which projects through a slot in the mounting plate and supports and guides a flexible saw blade. A chain saw guard subassembly is pivotally connected to the mounting plate to protectively shield the saw blade without interfering with the sawing function of the blade. A supporting assembly adapted for securement to a cylindrical structure is detachably fastened to a support flange which is secured to, and projects from, the mounting frame. The supporting assembly can take several forms to facilitate usage of the saw apparatus for accomplishing several precision sawing functions in the field or at a workbench, all in addition to the customary manual usages of a conventional portable chain saw.