Abstract: An apparatus is designed for preventing entry of foreign objects into an aircraft power plant. The apparatus comprises a rotor kinematically associated with a drive. The rotor is disposed in a duct between an air intake and an engine, and has a center body with radial blades secured thereon. The blades are installed at an angle to the plane which is square with the longitudinal axis of the rotor. The apparatus has a foreign object collection chamber with an opening for entry of foreign objects, disposed in front of the blades in the direction of air flow.The blades are installed relative to one another with an angular pitch determined from the equation: ##EQU1## where .phi. is the angular pitch of blades;K.sub.1 is the dimensionless coefficient dependent on the shape of blades;K.sub.2 is the dimensionless coefficient dependent on the ratio of diameters of the duct and center body to the maximum possible air flow rate at the engine inlet;.sigma. is the ultimate strength of the material of blades;.gamma.

Abstract: The method of energy conversion consists in burning a fuel in an oxidizing gas in order to admit the combustion gases into an expansion machine for delivering mechanical energy, in previously compressing the oxidizing gas in a positive-displacement compressor driven by the expansion machine, in injecting into the compressor a sealing and/or lubricating auxiliary liquid which is continuously cooled and separated from the compressed gas, then re-injected into the compressor. The auxiliary liquid is cooled by vaporization of water and the steam produced is entrained in the stream of compressed oxidizing gas.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas purifier comprising a monolithic catalyst which is disposed in an exhaust passage of an engine proper provided with a plurality of cylinders, and which has a plurality of paths running in the direction of the exhaust-gas stream, wherein the exhaust passage is divided into a plurality of passageways opening close to the upstream end of the monolithic catalyst, the passageways being independent from each other or combined with proper others so as to form compound passageways. The part of the independent exhaust passageways corresponding to each cylinder or compound passageways is extended to the downstream end of the monolithic catalyst, substantially separated from each other, thus lowering the interference of each cylinder due to fluctuation of the exhaust pressure exerting adverse effects on each other.

Abstract: A functionally transformable tidal station associated with a dam having a plurality of fluid flow passageways being alternatively functionally transformable, either into a sluicing mode procedure or into a motorizing fluidic conveying procedure following either the emptying of the dam basin or the reversed filling of same. One or more rotatable and linearly displaceable hydromotive assemblies are provided, each in functional combination with one or a pair of diffusers mounted for rectilinear displacement at each side of the dam so as to act in a generation mode during an ebb tidal cycle and alternatively, during a flood tidal cycle. When acting as a sluiceway, both the hydromotive assembly and the diffusers are displaceable away from said fluid flow passageway so as to permit free passage of flowing waters therethrough.

Abstract: A compact six-cylinder, double-acting hot gas engine having a single central combustion chamber with the cylinders arranged in two groups of three and clustered around the combustion chamber axis at equal angular intervals. The engine has two crank shafts, one per group of three cylinders, rotating in the same direction and synchronized. Each crank shaft has three cranks with adjacent cranks angularly displaced 60 degrees. Each of the cranks of one crank shaft is directed oppositely to a respective one of the cranks of the other crank shaft.

Abstract: A heater head for a multi-cylinder, double-acting hot gas engine in which each cylinder is surrounded by an annular regenerator unit, and in which the tops of each cylinder and its surrounding regenerator unit are interconnected by a number of heater tubes. To provide for a single heater head for a plurality of sets of tubes connecting cylinder tops and surrounding regenerator unit tops, arcuately shaped manifolds are provided on the tops to form two complete concentrically disposed circles.

Abstract: A temperature-sensitive actuator particularly for varying the pitch of blades spaced around a cooling fan hub. The actuator, as applied to a fan, includes at least first and second circular or part-circular elongate members within the hub, restraining means on the hub for one end of the first elongate member, support means for the first elongate member having a coefficient of expansion different from that of the first elongate member, and which inhibits radial deformation of the first elongate member during thermal expansion or contraction whereby the free end of the first elongate member moves circumferentially, means for transmitting movement of the first elongate member to the second elongate member, and further means between the second elongate member and the blades to vary the pitch of the blades in response to the combined thermal expansion or contraction of the elongate members.

Abstract: Apparatus for degrading safety fuel of the type containing an anti-misting polymer and comprising a bank of interfitting stators and rotors with a plenum chamber at some station along the bank, whereby rotation of the rotors will cause safety fuel pumped through the apparatus to be subjected to sufficient shear and local acceleration to be degraded to a state acceptable for engines and their control apparatus.

Abstract: A thermodynamic installation with a closed circuit for a working medium employing a compressor and an expansion machine connected thereto; or by a transmission linked by a first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger having the working medium in the heat exchangers and expansion machine continuously in a vapor-liquid phase equilibrium and that complete circulation takes place within the vapor-liquid phase area of the temperature-entropy diagram. The installation can be employed as a heat pump or to provide energy as a turbine resulting in an increased yield.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for exchanging heat with condensable fluid are disclosed. In the process, a two-phase fluid is passed through the tubes of a heat exchanger under conditions of temperature and pressure such that the quality of the two-phase flow lies in the range of 0.03 to 0.97. The two-phase fluid is in a state of thermodynamic saturation at both the entry and exit of the heat exchanger. The change in quality of the two-phase mixture passing through the heat exchanger is distributed over the entire heat exchanger. The apparatus according to the invention includes a plurality of connected modular stages, each stage including a heat exchanger, a vapor-liquid separator, a compressor, an ejector and the suitable conduits to establish fluid communication between adjacent stages.

Abstract: The invention pertains to an environmental protection system and method for withdrawing and charging refrigerants, particularly fluorocarbon refrigerants, with respect to refrigeration systems as used for refrigeration, dehumidifying, air conditioning and the like without contamination of the atmosphere. Refrigerant is evacuated from a refrigeration system through a closed circuit into a closed disposal or storage container, and in an embodiment of the invention direct evacuation pumping of the refrigerant may be proceeded by drawing the majority of the refrigerant from the refrigeration system by means of a preliminary vacuum tank connected in series with a refrigerant disposal container. Additionally, the invention contemplates combining a refrigerant charging circuit with the refrigerant evacuation circuit in order to provide complete refrigeration system servicing without the release of refrigerant to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An input control system having a sensing circuit, a switching circuit and a source of power isolated from the sensing circuit and the switching circuit. The sensing circuit includes a sensor having a variable electrical characteristic, a detector for detecting variations in that characteristic and for producing a representative output, a signal producing circuit for producing a predetermined signal in response to the detector output achieving a selected value, and coupler responsive to the predetermined signal to produce a coupling output. The switching circuit which is isolated from the sensing circuit produces a switching signal in response to the coupling signal to operate a switch for connecting an electrical load to the power source.

Abstract: About 1 to about 25% by weight of a liquid refrigerant is mixed into a refrigerant gas to be introduced into a screw compressor by suction on the basis of the refrigerant gas in a refrigerator comprising a screw compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve and an evaporator connected to one another in series. A cooling effect as well as a sealing effect can be satisfactorily attained thereby.

Abstract: A conveyor system with cooling means is provided and comprises an elongated frame defining a conveyor track. An elongated conveyor is mounted within the frame so that a portion of the conveyor extends longitudinally along the conveyor track while a suitable motor longitudinally drives the conveyor along the conveyor track in a first direction. A plurality of cooling stations are also secured at longitudinally spaced positions along the frame so that the cooling stations are longitudinally adjacent each other. Each cooling station further includes a fluid reservoir beneath the conveyor track and a spray head positioned to spray fluid down onto the conveyor track. A pump is also provided for each cooling station and has its inlet connected to the fluid reservoir for that station while its outlet is connected to the spray head at the cooling station.

Abstract: A batch type automatic icemaker adapted for installation in the freezing compartment of a refrigerator is provided with a thermal member having first and second ends. The first end of the thermal member is in communication with at least one of the ice-forming cavities and positioned below the water level. The second end projects into the cold air within the freezer. The second end is of a substantially larger mass than the first end. Since the first end is of a small mass relative to the second end and is thermally isolated from the mold, the cold freezer air cools it at a much faster rate than the water in the mold or the mold itself. The cooler surface of the first end chills the water in contact with it with a minimum of supercooling.

Abstract: A device for solidifying a layer of a liquid that solidifies upon cooling, such as agar, the liquid being contained in a row of petri-dishes or the like. The device utilizes a horizontally rotatable disc for receiving the dishes, a mechanism for supplying dishes to the disc, and a mechanism for removing the dishes, with solidified liquid, from the disc. A cooling mechanism is positioned below the disc to cool the disc and thereby cool the dishes. A mechanism is provided for slowly rotating the disc so that surfaces of materials in the dishes solidify in a non-rippled manner.

Abstract: A rotary vane gas cycle apparatus having radial vane guide slots in the rotor for receiving vane guides on the rotor vanes which slide in the slots. One or more radial guides are provided for each vane. In one embodiment a vane guide is provided on one side of the vane. The rotor guide slots restrict movement of the vane toward or away from the guide slot.

Abstract: An ornamental finger ring having in-built adjusting means enclosed within an interior slot in the shank and movable therein to constrict the opening and provide a plurality of selectable smaller finger openings to insure a snug fit and concurrently preserve the external appearance and contour of the ring. The adjusting means is a U-shaped finger-contacting member with resilient upper arms. Coacting means are on the ring and arms for adjustably latching the member in position. A tab at the member bight extends to the outside of the ring for manual manipulation, and the tab may have a slot dividing it at the part proximal to the bight to enhance its yieldability and make assembly into the ring less likely to permanently deform the member.Wendel shows a ring with a shank including an adjustable U-shaped member.

Abstract: A joint arrangement with lubricating bores which are connected with all bearing places; the lubricating bores are arranged in a circulation that can be supplied exclusively from one lubricating nipple and is adapted to be vented by way of a vent opening arranged in proximity of the lubricating nipple.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oscillation damping and counterpoising circular knitting machine, particularly to a circular knitting machine wherein the distance between the pinion or the belt pulley and each latch needle is comparatively lengthened or an oscillation damping means further provided whereby the oscillation which would bring about undesired horizontal lines upon the knitted fabric is counterpoised and meantime greatly decreased.

Abstract: According to the invention disclosed herein wool sliver may be effectively shrinkproofed by immersing the sliver continuously into a bath of shrinkproofing solution to a depth of at least 1 meter if said sliver is carried down into said solution within 10.degree. of vertical. According to the invention the most useful solution is an aqueous solution into which chlorine gas has been aspirated. An apparatus according to the invention comprises a two chambered bath having a delay tank therebetween, having a depth exceeding 1 meter and equipped with means to convey wool sliver into said bath within 10.degree. of vertical.

Abstract: A retainer plate is pivotally mounted on a panelboard cabinet door lock housing, which carries a latch for locking the door. A detent on the plate engages in a rabbet opening to enable limited opening movement of the door in response to the pressure developed by arc gases generated by fault currents passing through a tripped circuit breaker in the panelboard cabinet. For ordinary opening movement, the lock latch is manually operated to pivot the retainer plate and disengage the detent from the rabbet opening.

Abstract: The flatness of metal strip being rolled in a hot strip mill is improved by applying higher than normal interstand tensions with maximum permissible tensions being based upon preestablished maximum allowable width reductions due to interstand tensions. The relationships between interstand tension and interstand plastic deformation are predetermined functions of strip material properties, strip temperature, and assumed tensile stress distribution across the strip width.

Abstract: A method of winding a metal wire around a reel structure is disclosed in which the wire is wound about a roller to give the wire a round habit of preselected diameter, at least one of the last few coils of said wire being strained so as to increase the diameter of the round habit, and all of the wire being wound on a reel structure whereby the at least one coil having the larger diameter round habit is coiled about the reel structure in an expanded condition with respect to the remainder of the coils. An apparatus for performing this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A spring having an enlarged diameter base mountable in the heel of a seal casing to enable flared arms extending forwardly from the base to freely exert by cantilever action an outwardly directed spring bias against the casing while the spring is retained by its base in the casing. A method of making a continuous spring from a single strip of metal to form opposing flared arms extending from an enlarged concave base.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming integral domed can bodies for aerosol cans. The apparatus is in the form of plural sets of tools, each set of tools including an inside tool and an outside tool so related as progressively to reduce the diameter of an end portion of the tubular body and in doing so gradually increasing the axial extent of an intermediate frustoconical portion. Each frustoconical intermediate portion is increased in extent axially by seating the previously formed portion on the inside tool and then shaping the blank on that same surface, whereby there is no interruption or stepping of the formed frustoconical intermediate portion of the blank.

Abstract: A multiple indent die device for use with compression tools for crimping ductile tubular connectors on cables and the like. The device includes a pair of opposed die holders adapted for mounting between the ram and anvil of a compression tool for movement toward and away from each other. Each die holder includes a constrained indentor die which moves relative to the other indentor die and solely in the direction of movement of the die holders. A first movable indentor die is pivotally mounted to one of the die holders and about an axis which is parallel to the axis of the tubular connector and engages an inclined surface on the other die holder for radially inward movement toward the axis of the tubular connector and generally between the constrained indentor dies as the die holders are moved toward one another. A second movable indentor die is similarly mounted to either one of the die holders for engaging an inclined surface on its opposed die holder.

Abstract: A transducer bridge circuit arrangement which may include a plurality of individual bridge circuits is improved by standardizing the source resistance and open circuit sensitivity of each bridge circuit in a group of such circuits. For this purpose a small resistor is connected in series with one or both output terminals of each individual bridge circuit, or resistors may be inserted in series with the bridge excitation terminals. Thus, the output signal sensitivity and source resistance are adjusted to a standard ratio value and the prior art adjustment for so-called corner sensitivity in electronic scales has been eliminated or at least substantially reduced where strain gauge load cells are employed in multiple transducer installations.

Abstract: The invention is an improved method and apparatus for determining the quantity of solids being conveyed in a slurry that is moving in a pipe. The method and apparatus combines a density-sensitive flowmeter (elbow meter) with a density-insensitive flowmeter (ultrasonic doppler flowmeter) to determine the quantity of solids conveyed in a slurry that is moving in a pipe. Velocity is determined by using a sonic flowmeter which is not affected by slurry specific gravity. Specific gravity is determined by dividing the signal from an elbow meter, which is a linear function of specific gravity, by the square of the sonic flowmeter signal. Numerous methods and apparatus are included to improve the accuracy of both the sonic flowmeter and the elbow meter.

Abstract: A special probe for the ultrasonic inspection of molten aluminum is described.

Abstract: A gear train device for changing the angular relationship of an input gear relative to an output gear is disclosed. A pair of meshing gears to be checked are attached to the input and output gears to rotate therewith. By changing the angular relationship between the input gear and the output gear while the gear train is rotating, the gears to be checked are caused to contact the mating gear along a first tooth face while the angular relationship between the input gear and the output gear is urged in a first direction, and then the gears are caused to mesh along a second face when the output shaft is caused to move in an angular relationship to the input shaft in a second direction. By coating one of the gears to be checked with a material easily removed by rubbing, the gear profiles can be checked by measuring the amount of coating transfer between gears.

Abstract: An air flow measurement apparatus is proposed for measuring the air quantity aspirated by internal combustion engines, which has at least one temperature-dependent resistor disposed in the air flow, whose temperature and/or resistance is controlled in accordance with the flow rate to provide a controller output as a gauge for the quantity of the medium. The apparatus includes a flow restriction, which is preferably formed in plate-like configuration with a wedge-shaped cross section and the narraw tip facing into the air flow and is disposed in the flow downstream of the temperature-dependent resistor in such a manner that in the event of a flow reversal, such as during backfiring in the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, the flow restriction reduces the flow velocity in the vicinity of the temperature-dependent resistor.

Abstract: An improved psychrometric hygrometer obtains its wet-bulb temperature without surface water of induced air flow, through evaporation from transparent semi-permeable containers of relatively large surface-volume ratio.

Abstract: A wind-chill indicator including a rotameter, a thermometer, and wind chill chart arranged such that the rotameter float's position indicates the chart value expressing the "wind-chill" effect corresponding to the existing velocity and temperature of the wind.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining carbon contents in molten metal comprising an entrance chamber with an entry port in a side wall, a sampling chamber, a ring-shaped disk to be set between both chambers and a temperature sensing means which is protected from the flowing sample metal by a protective thermal insulation member, protruding through the entrance chamber to the sampling chamber. The molten metal flowing from the entry port is cooled by contacting with the protective thermal insulation member. The insulation member will turn to be a riser when the sample metal starts solidifying in the sampling chamber. Thus enabling precise rapid carbon determination and simultaneously offering appropriate specimen for spectrographic analysis.

Abstract: A tip terminating in a conical point at its lower end and having a plurality of gripping sides is provided for movable mounting on a soil gas probe.

Abstract: A system and apparatus by which an observer outside a building can read the indices of an instrument located within the building and can check the presence of combustible gas in the atmosphere within the building, comprising a guide tube extending between a weatherproof receiving station outside the building and a transmitting station at the meter, including accessory means for confining gas entering the building around a gas main and conducting it to the transmitting station.

Abstract: A pipetting device including a vertical cylinder provided on the lower end portion of a cylindrical housing, a piston working in the cylinder, an actuating rod connected to the piston and extending vertically through the housing, an operating knob mounted on the upper end of the actuating rod, a return spring biassing upwards the actuating rod, and a hollow tip mounted removably on the lower end of the cylinder for receiving liquid therein. The opposite ends of the return spring are connected non-rotatably to the housing and the actuating rod respectively thereby the actuating rod is biassed angularly with respect to the vertical axis thereof. The device further includes guiding mechanism for controlling the downward movement of the actuating rod in normal operating condition and allowing an additional downward movement thereof when the actuating rod is rotated angularly whereby the tip is removed off from the pipetting device.

Abstract: A fault diagnostic device comprises vibrating means for vibrating a winding by feeding current having a predetermined frequency; detecting means for detecting physical value given in said winding by the vibration; and indicating means for indicating the result of the detection by said detecting means whereby a diagnosis of fault can be performed in high reliability.

Abstract: A device for sensing and/or measuring fluid pressure which includes a pressure-sensing tube elongating as a function of fluid pressure therein, a non-expanding member connected to the tube and extending in generally parallel relation thereto and terminating short of a free distal end of the tube, and an electric resistance strain gage connected to and spanning the distance between the distal end of the tube and the adjacent end of the non-expanding member, the combination functioning to provide a mechanically amplified motion at the strain gage with excellent lineal signal to pressure response.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, the liquid pressure to be measured is in a liquid container with an inner tube forming a measuring cell arranged in an outer tube, which measuring cell can be filled in part with a liquid and in the remainder with a gas. A conduit that can be filled with the liquid leads away from the measuring cell, which conduit is open on its end facing away from the measuring cell and can be directly connected with the fluid in the liquid container. A transducer for generating an electric magnitude which corresponds to the gas volume in the measuring cell is arranged in the measuring cell. A channel is left free between the outer tube and the inner tube for the passage of the fluid. The inner tube is closed on its end facing away from the measuring end of the pressure transducer.

Abstract: A sensor (16) is connected to a high pressure line (13) in a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine. The sensor (16) produces an output current which is proportional to the pressure in the line (13). The current is converted into a corresponding voltage and a displayed a voltmeter (21). An alarm is produced when the voltage exceeds a predetermined value or range. A second voltmeter (23) is energized to display the voltage when the alarm is produced.

Abstract: An electrical flowmeter having signal electrodes laterally spaced along a line perpendicular to fluid flow and sensitive to a voltage field set up in the fluid by a magnetic field is provided with a plurality of planar helically coiled conductive windings disposed in stacked arrangement parallel to the direction of fluid flow. The spiral windings are connected to a push-pull current drive source. The signal electrodes are spaced proximate to the outer coil winding of the coil closest to the fluid. The windings of the coils are alternately oriented in opposite, clockwise-counterclockwise disposition. Each spiral coil ends in an inner and an outer terminus, and the inner termini of all coils are connected together, while the outer termini of the clockwise disposed coils are connected in parallel with each other. The outer termini of the counterclockwise disposed coils are also connected in parallel with each other.

Abstract: The flexure joint for connecting two members for relative angular displacement comprises a pair of flexure leaves which merge with the members at their ends and cross each other and are rigidly connected with each other at the crossing point. Relative angular displacement of the members results in a flexure of the leaves. The flexure universal joint for connecting a gyroscope to its driving member comprises a Cardan member hinged by a pair of co-axial spaced flexure joints of the kind described hereinabove for relative angular displacement about a first hinge axis to the driving member and hinged by a second pair of co-axial spaced flexure joints of the same type to the gyroscope member for relative angular displacement about a second hinge axis, which intersects the axis of rotation of said gyroscope at right angles, said first hinge axis intersecting said second hinge axis and the axis of rotation of said driving member at right angles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for producing a unidirectional force which may be used to propel a vehicle or other body in one direction or to serve in other applications requiring such a force. The device uses a centrifugal force generator which repetitively provides alternately occurring prolonged centrifugal forces of opposite direction along a line fixed relative to the generator. As these forces are produced the generator is turned relative to a supporting carriage so that each time such a force occurs it has a generally forward direction relative to the carriage. Two or more centrifugal force generators may be mounted on a single carriage and operated in synchronism and in proper phase relationship to one another to produce a forwardly directed force of relatively steady magnitude and/or to cancel force components directed perpendicular to the forward direction.

Abstract: A friction transmission having at least one friction disc formed as a rotating presser cylinder of a piston firmly connected with the associated shaft, with load-dependent hydraulic generation of the pressing forces, where at least on one transmission shaft a sensor is arranged for the torque transmitted there. The sensor, due to a torque-dependent movement of at least two valve parts in relation to one another, generates a torque-dependent hydraulic pressure and the necessary load-dependent hydraulic pressing force is generated exclusively by this pressure.

Abstract: A chain noise preventing device wherein a cushioning ring, having an outside diameter larger than that of a semicircular inscribed circle of chain formed when the chain meshes with a sprocket, is arranged on at least one side surface of the sprocket.

Abstract: A V-pulley of variable pitch type for a drive acting through a tension medium strand includes two sheaves, at least one of which is displaceable in an axial direction relative to the other, each sheave having a running surface for a tension medium strand such as, for example, V-belts, at least one of the sheaves being mounted on a shaft-like member, at least two systems having means mutually connecting the sheaves to each other, the at least two systems being axially spaced from each other. Thus at least one system allows axial displacement of the one sheave linked thereto, and the other system is firmly linked to the other sheave. Two linked portions of the systems are located radially outside with respect to the running surfaces of the sheaves, thereby obtaining friction-free and wear-free entrainment and guidance of the movable sheave, and especially entrainment and guidance without the occurrence of fatigued corrosion to link means.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power shift transmission having torque converter, an input shaft driven by the torque converter, a countershaft in continuous driving relation with the input shaft, an output shaft having first, second, and third speed ratios journaled thereon and driven via the countershaft, a reverse speed ratio gear splined to the output shaft and driven via a gear on an idler shaft driven by the countershaft, a first friction clutch mechanism for connecting the first speed ratio gear to the output shaft, a second friction clutch mechanism for connecting the output shaft directly to the input shaft, a blocker-clutch assembly for coupling the second and third speed ratio gears to the output shaft, and an actuator assembly for shifting the blocker-clutch assembly into and out of coupling engagement. The friction clutches are momentarily engageable to relieve driving and coast mode torque on the blocker-clutch and to synchronize the blocker-clutch.

Abstract: A transmission has a drive gear shaft disposed coaxially with an input shaft which extends in parallel with an output shaft. Two pairs of meshing gears, one of which constituting a gear train of high speed gear ratio while the other constitutes a gear train of low speed gear ratio, are arranged for the torque transmission from the input shaft to the drive gear shaft. The drive gear shaft is connected to the output shaft through a plurality of meshing speed gear pairs such as first gear pair, second gear pair, third gear pair and fourth gear pair, as in the ordinary transmission. In operation, one of the gear trains of the high speed and low speed gear ratios is selectively engaged, so that each of the speed gears may be operated at either the high speed range or the low speed range.