Abstract: A diaphragm type actuator with a breakage condition detecting function which comprises a diaphragm member partitioning a casing into a first chamber filled with a high pressure and a second chamber exposed to air, and a breakage detecting switch supported by a displaceable partitioning member, such as, bellows, provided on the inner wall of the first chamber so as to define a third chamber filled with a high pressure, whereby if there occurs breakage in the diaphragm, the breakage detecting switch mounted on the bellows moves towards the diaphragm member to become in contact with an actuating rod supported by the diaphragm member to detect the breakage in the diaphragm member.

Abstract: In the recovery of energy from geothermal brines and other water containing or hot water sources, such brine or hot water under pressure is introduced into direct heat exchange contact with a working fluid such as isobutane, the resulting hot isobutane is expanded in a turbine to produce work, the turbine discharge is condensed and returned to the heat exchanger and the cooled brine is withdrawn from the column. The present invention is directed to recovery of working fluid dissolved and/or entrained in the spent geothermal brine or water withdrawn from the direct contact heat exchanger, including the steps of settling the brine in a settling tank to recover some of the isobutane, flashing the remaining brine to flash off additional isobutane and steam stripping the spent brine to drive off further isobutane, the recovered isobutane in each of the steps being recycled to the direct contact heat exchanger.

Abstract: A process and system for recovery of energy from geothermal brines or other hot aqueous solutions of a non-volatile solute, by direct contact heat transfer using staged evaporator-condenser units operating with a low boiling water-immiscible liquid hydrocarbon. Each stage comprises a closed vessel divided into two compartments, an evaporator and a condenser, by a bubble cap tray similar in construction to those used in distillation. Hot geothermal brine or other hot aqueous liuqid is introduced into the liquid hydrocarbon contained in the lower compartment of each stage, causing boiling of the hydrocarbon at a temperature difference of 2.degree.-4.degree. F. Hydrocarbon vapors pass from the evaporator compartment through the bubble caps to the upper condenser compartment where they are condensed in contact with a cooler water stream, and the condensed hydrocarbon is returned to the lower compartment.

Abstract: At least one heat exchanger section including a conventional heat exchanger is disposed in a dual purpose steam turbine power plant to utilize steam extracted from the steam turbine to one section of the heat exchanger for the purposes of heating process fluid of an industrial process which is conducted through another section of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger section disclosed herein is comprised of apparatus for controlling the pressure of the extracted turbine steam conducted through the one section of the heat exchanger by regulating the temperature of the industrial fluid supplied to the other section of the heat exchanger. More specifically, the heat exchanger section includes at least one conduit path for returning heated process fluid from an output end to an input end of the heat exchanger section to mix with the process fluid supplied at the input end. A flow control valve is disposed in the conduit path for regulating the flow of returned fluid to the input end.

Abstract: A cyclic energy transformation apparatus and method for developing streams of working fluid flow with different energy characteristics. The working fluid being passed through a container which effectuates a vortical ring flow pattern. The fluid in one stream is discharged from the container as high pressure flow. The fluid in another stream is discharged from the container as a high temperature flow. The separate streams can be used independently or in conjunction with each other for performing useful work.

Abstract: In a steam generating apparatus comprising a shell containing feed water introduced thereinto, and heating pipes submerged in the feed water contained in the shell for permitting a heating fluid of high temperature to flow therethrough, indirect heat exchange being effected between the heating fluid and the feed water in the shell through the heating pipes so as to evaporate the feed water, spray means for supplying condensate in atomized particles to the shell and means for separating moisture from the generated steam are mounted in a space above the feed water level within the shell.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conserving the amount of energy used to drive an absorption refrigeration generator while concomitantly insuring satisfaction of system load demands.The system includes an absorption refrigeration generator having a concentrator section, a condenser section, an evaporator section and an absorber section wherein a heating medium, such as steam, is circulated through the concentrator section to vaporize refrigerant within the system and a closed loop, chilled water, heat exchange system is used to transfer cooling potential from the evaporator section to the system load, such as an office building. Control of the energy delivered to the concentrator for liberating refrigerant and thus providing cooling in the evaporator is achieved by sensing the temperature of the chilled water as it returns from the cooling load and modulating energy input to the concentrator to maintain a generally constant set temperature of the return chilled water.

Abstract: Equipment for cooling a plurality of containers, each of said containers characterized by a refrigeration unit in association therewith, said equipment being responsive to the temperature of the environment where said units are located and comprising:duct means for collecting cooled air from said containers and returning it to said containers;blower means disposed in said duct means for recycling the collected air to said containers;auxiliary cooling means disposed in said duct means downstream from said blower means;temperature responsive means for sensing the temperature of the environment; andcircuit means coupled with said temperature responsive means for deactivating said refrigeration units in response to a predetermined temperature drop and activating said auxiliary cooling means and said blower means.

Abstract: A self-contained, self-propelled air-conditioning system is provided for supplying air to structures, such as aircraft on the ground at airports. The aircraft are of the type having an inlet duct for conveying the air through the structure. The system includes a suitable truck having a frame or chassis mounted on wheels. The system also includes a diesel engine separate from the engine of the truck mounted on the chassis for supplying mechanical energy and an electrical generator mechanically connected to the diesel engine for changing the mechanical energy into electrical energy. A ventilation system is mounted on the frame and is electrically connected to the generator for moving air from the ambience to the inlet duct. A pair of independent refrigeration systems, each including a compressor, are mounted on the frame. The compressors are electrically connected to the generator. Each refrigeration system cools the moving air independently from the other refrigeration system.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a post-mix or pre-mix dispenser for soft drinks including a cooling tank which can either be filled with particles of ice for cooling the beverage to be dispensed or operated with a mechanical refrigeration system including a compressor and a cooling fluid which is circulated through cooling coils extending into the tank. The mechanical refrigeration system, when in use, is inserted through an upper opening in the cooling tank and forms the closure of the tank when in place. When particles of ice are used as a cooling medium, they are also inserted through the upper opening in the cooling tank and a conventional closure would then be placed over the opening of the tank.

Abstract: A refrigerator for maintaining high humidity therein where the evaporator surfaces are oversized and maintained at a frost-free temperature, continuous forced air is passed over the evaporator and over a drip water dish within the refrigerator compartment, and the compartment is vented to the outside of the refrigerator.

Abstract: A compression refrigeration system having a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and a liquid refrigerant in which a capillary tube is positioned within an enclosure. The liquid refrigerant from the condenser is connected to the enclosure inlet and then flows to the inlet of the capillary tube and out of the capillary tube to the evaporator, whereby the refrigerant in the enclosure forms a heat exchange relationship with the exterior of the capillary tube for providing a self-regulating flow through the capillary tube. Improved charging of the system is provided by positioning the inlet to the capillary tube above the bottom of the enclosure and providing a refrigeration adding valve to the enclosure to insure that the enclosure is filled to a predetermined level in order to enter the capillary tube. Preferably, a reserve of liquid refrigerant is inserted into the enclosure above the capillary inlet for compensating for variations in density of the refrigerant.

Abstract: A reinforced tubular structure comprising a metal tube and a cured composite tubular liner which increases the longitudinal stiffness of the tubular structure, the liner being adhesively bonded to the inner peripheral surface of the metal tube. The reinforced tubular structure is fabricated by forming a laminate of the composite material, wrapping it around a flexible mandrel, inserting the mandrel and wrapped laminate into the metal tube, and co-curing the laminate to the inner peripheral surface of the tube.

Abstract: A universal joint formed of plastic parts and including two yokes and a block pivotally connected to the yokes. Each of the yokes has a cylindrical portion with a shaft receiving bore at one end thereof and a pair of arms integrally formed at the other end thereof. The outer surfaces of the arms are spaced apart a distance which is greater than the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion of the yoke. Aligned pin receiving bores are formed in the arms near the free ends thereof to receive pins to pivotally connect the block to the arms. A diametrically extending rib is positioned at the base of the arms of each yoke and is located to clear the block and permit pivotal movement thereof. Transversely extending strengthening ribs are formed on the exterior surfaces of the yoke arms. These ribs are positioned diametrically outwardly of the rib at the base of the arms and extend at right angles to the axis of that rib.

Abstract: This invention relates to a socket joint for a torque wrench comprising a joint body, a clutch pressed by a spring thereof, and a controlling means for positioning and clutching said clutch so as to make the joint body keep in a condition of idle running when the torsion occurred exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: A key operated dead bolt lock includes one or a pair of standard threaded mortise cylinders. The lock further includes set screws, inaccessible from either side of a door in which the lock is installed, which prevent rotation of the cylinders. The cylinders hold cylinder collars in place to prevent access to the bolt from the side.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cylinder lock with an annular housing defining a cavity that retains a lock core formed by a cylindrical plug within an annular shell having an internal longitudinally directed shell spline. The plug is retained within the annular shell in a locked position and is rotatable therein in one direction to an open position and in the opposite direction to a release position. A plurality of locking tumblers are retained by the plug and engage the shell spline to prevent rotation of the plug from its locked position unless the locking tumblers are withdrawn from the shell spline by a properly bitted key inserted into a keyway defined by the plug. Coupled to the plug is an actuator member that moves a locking member between latched and unlatched positions in response to rotation of the plug.

Abstract: A hot strip rolling mill stand, and more particularly a mill stand for use in the hot rolling process of a continuous strip casting system for aluminum, aluminum alloys and other metals, and which includes an improved means for the discrete applications of coolant for cooling rolls and to maintain thermostability and also for applying direct application lubricant for the strip being reduced.

Abstract: A container body is simultaneously necked-in and flanged at the marginal edge adjacent to an open end by a tool assembly having first and second freewheeling rollers supporting the inside of the body while a die ring moves eccentrically between the rollers. An encapsulating annular nest ring circumferentially surrounds the open end of the body on the second roller to provide metal control, and the first roller innermost in the body is tapered at its end adjacent the second roller to define, in cooperation with a circumferential container body holder ring on the outside body surface, a volume for receiving metal reverse-flowing from the necked-in portion to prevent the metal from bulging. Compressive forming forces are minimized by the use of springs biasing the two rollers together that are characterized by spring force that increases with increased spring compression at less than a linear rate.

Abstract: A progressive stage forging machine is provided for forming an article in stages by means of a plurality of dies and cooperating punches, carried on a ram, wherein more than two forging blows are required to complete the forming of the article. The invention particularly provides a forging machine of the three-blow type having three punches and three cooperating dies, wherein two of the dies are carried on a member to permit alternating changes of position of those two dies, thereby eliminating a transfer mechanism between the two dies and achieving a one hundred percent increase over the production rate of presently available forging machines of the three-blow type.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for forging crank throws comprising upsetting a portion of a bar and directing the flowing material to form a preformed part having at the ends of the upset portion two upsets (27a) situated eccentrically to the axis of the bar. To form the ready forging a bending force is applied against the central portion of the preformed part, between the two eccentrical upsets (27a). The bending force is perpendicular to the upsetting force and is opposite to the crests of the eccentrical upsets. During forging operation the bar is fastened between segment dies (20,21) mounted in upper and lower die holders (7,18). The lower die holders (7) are supported by artitulated links (5,11) pivotably mounted to a fixed base. On this base a bending tool (23) is mounted. The upper die holders are slidably mounted to a head, which is fixed to a press ram. To the head an anvil (25) is fastened. This anvil has two working faces, which are interchangeable during the crank throw forging process.

Abstract: A pair of press tools, such as punches, are mounted on a tool support for axial reciprocation between extended and retracted positions with respect to the support. The tool support may be defined by a press slide, bed or component part of a tooling package mountable thereon and is provided with a hydraulic fluid receiving cylinder for each of the tools. Each tool is interconnected with a piston received in the corresponding cylinder and the cylinders are in flow communication with one another. Accordingly, if one of the tools engages a workpiece before the other during operation of the press, the one tool is displaced in the direction of retraction causing the other tool to be displaced in the direction of extension until both tools engage the workpiece, thus to avoid eccentric loading of the press slide and frame.

Abstract: A workpiece manipulator has a first epicyclic-gear transmission having a ary input and a crank output which moves generally in a planar and rectangular path on rotation of the rotary input through a predetermined angular distance. This path has generally parallel upright sides and generally parallel top and bottom sides interconnecting the upright sides. A drive including another epicyclic-gear train is connected to this rotary input and rotates same at a speed increasing generally from a standstill to a predetermined speed then slowing generally to a standstill again twice for each travel of the output about the rectangular path. These standstills correspond respectively to intermediate positions of the crank output along the upright sides of the path.

Abstract: A fluid flow meter for a fluid containing mixed liquid and gas. It has positive displacement structure that incorporates density measurement of segments of the mixed liquid and gas, while the linear velocity of both components is the same. There may be means for measuring the pressure and temperature of the fluid segments in order to determine the volume of the gas component.

Abstract: An apparatus for porosimetric measurements, wherein a sample to be analyzed is put in an ampoule filled with mercury and submitted to ever increasing pressures, in order to obtain measurements of the mercury volume variations due to pressure increases.Such mercury volume variations, which are correlated to the sample pore sizes, are detected by measuring capacity variations in a mercury condenser provided for in a capillary neck of ampoule.

Abstract: For sealing a pipeline at selective locations in order to perform leak tests, a pipeline packer assembly capable of internal travel within the pipeline can be moved to and stopped at selected locations and the packer inflated against the interior pipe walls to prevent further movement of the unit, and to provide a seal so that the pipeline may be subjected to internal high pressures to detect leaks. According to the invention, a control device for such unit comprises a gamma ray detector and signal processor receiving the electrical analogue signal from the gamma ray detector. An energizing signal from the signal processor actuates a stepping switch which provides "inflate" and "deflate" energization of the packer, and is kept in "off" condition while the packer is inoperative as in transit within the pipeline. A radiation source on the surface or selectively inserted into a bore hole near the pipeline provides a stimulus for the gamma ray detector which controls the operation of the stepping switch.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing for leaks in a test item which has a temperature different from ambient temperature in which the test item is sealed at atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the sealed air in the test item is measured. The rate of change of the pressure of the sealing air due to the non-ambient temperature of the test item is calculated for providing a temperature correction signal proportional to the temperature of the test item and the temperature correction signal is stored. The test item is then subjected to a leak test pressure, any change in the pressure of the pressurized test item is measured and the stored correction signal is applied to the pressure measurement for determining the extent of any leak in the test item while compensating for the temperature of the test item.

Abstract: The moisture content of a hermetically sealed semiconductor device is a function of the dew point of the cavity atmosphere which is the temperature of maximum surface conductivity. A pattern of interdigitated thin film aluminum conductors is provided on an impurity free, non-porous silicon oxide insulative substrate. The surface conductivity of this structure rises as moisture condenses onto and between the conductors as the temperature is reduced at a slow controlled rate to the dew point temperature. The amplitude of the maximum surface conductivity is proportional to ionic impurity concentration.

Abstract: This invention relates to improvements in pressure core barrels of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,548,958 wherein a controlled pressure is maintained on a core sample during surfacing. Among the improvements provided by the present invention are an improved arrangement of the pressure control valve, a device for positively latching the assembly (both in the open and closed positions) and the provision of a hydraulic assist for moving the outer barrel to the sealing position. Another particular feature provides an improved device for flushing drilling mud from the core barrel mechanism with sealing valve open and while the core sample is maintained substantially at a pressure at which it was sealed in the bore hole and to facilitate subsequent freezing and removal of the core sample therefrom for analysis.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed of a solution of a resinous carrier and at least two compounds which thermoparticulate at different temperatures between 60.degree. and 200.degree. C. A coating is made by applying the composition to a portion of an electrical apparatus exposed to a gas stream. As the temperature of the coating increases the compound therein thermoparticulate. The time between which the compounds thermoparticulate indicates the rate of rise of the temperature and analysis of the products of thermoparticulation indicates the location of the coating in the electrical apparatus. Alternatively, the coating can consist of several layers with a thermoparticulating compound in each layer which thermoparticulates at different temperatures.

Abstract: A lance assembly for insertion into a steelmaking vessel includes a sensor instrument supporting nozzle assembly which projects outwardly from the lance and which is cooled by water circulation. The lance has provisions for the inclusion of an inert gas which is directed into a reduced diameter cable enclosing pipe connected to the nozzle supporting the sensor instrument.

Abstract: A device for measuring acoustic reverberation time incorporates a transmission unit and a reception unit combined together into one assembly. Both units share a single series of filters, one of which filters is inserted into a signal path for the transmission unit and for the reception unit. The device serves to measure accurately the acoustic reverberation time of acoustic spaces such as recording rooms, sound studios and the like.

Abstract: A scanner for use in ultrasonic imaging systems of the type which translates a transducer assembly along a path of successive positions. The scanner rotates the assembly during translation and, in one embodiment, rotates the transducer about a center of rotation which is offset from the center of translation.

Abstract: The disclosed torsional vibration monitoring method measures torsional vibrations produced in a rotating shaft system, for apparatuses such as a turbine generator, at a small number of measurable points on the system and the measured torsional vibrations are linearly separated to estimate torsional vibrations at arbitrary positions of the system are estimated. According to one high precision torsional vibration monitoring method, up to 2n torsional vibrations at the arbitrary positions are obtained from the torsional vibrations detected at n selected positions of the rotating shaft system.

Abstract: A planetary gear differential has a pair of side gears and two pairs of composite planet gears rotatably carried by a rotatable carrier. Each pair of composite planet gears includes meshing impeller gears and drive gears meshing respective side gears. Hydraulic control means for limiting the differential speed of the side gears comprises two closed hydraulic circuits located in the carrier. Each circuit includes a gear pump chamber having the meshing impeller gears of one pair of composite planet gears disposed therein, and a pair of opposed unidirectional restrictions located in conduits leading from opposite radial sides of the gear pump chamber to an inner annular sump common to both circuits.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for maintaining a constant elevated liquid pressure in a small vessel by pressuring with liquid the small vessel and a larger vessel in open communication therewith. The larger vessel, preferably, has a volume of about 20 to about 100 times the volume of the smaller vessel. In one embodiment the mechanical pressuring is reapplied to maintain a constant pressure in the vessels. In another embodiment, the temperature of the liquid in the larger vessel is manipulated to maintain pressure in the vessels.

Abstract: An ionization flow meter which can determine with high accuracy the flow of a gas expressed as a gas velocity, volume flow, or mass flow and substantially independently of pressure, temperature and, as the case may be, moisture content. By applying the theory of corona discharges, data relating to the flow-determining factors such as ion mobility and gas density can be derived from the known measured voltage and current values using electronic means. For example, the slope S of the I-V characteristic curve can be determined from the measured values of voltage V and current I.

Abstract: For a power tool having a reciprocating drive mechanism, an improved one-piece scotch yoke having a curved track design which substantially eliminates the contact pressure between the yoke and guides created in conventional straight track designs by the couple on the reciprocating yoke shaft imposed by the non-collinear blade and crank loads. The radius of curvature of the yoke track is preferably equal to the distance from the shaft bearing to the crank pin at its mid-stroke position where the velocity of the yoke is greatest.

Abstract: A drive mechanism for converting rotary to linear movement. A portion of a drive cable is wrapped around a drive shaft. Rotation of the shaft causes the wrapped cable portion to take up a perpendicularly extending cable portion on one end, and feed out a perpendicularly extending cable portion on the other end. As it does so, the wrapped cable portion moves axially along the drive shaft. The diameter of the drive shaft and its site of rotation determine the speed of take-up, and feed out. Axial movement of the wound portion on the drive shaft is determined either by the pitch of the threads in a threaded section on the drive shaft, or the movement of control means on an externally threaded control shaft.

Abstract: An elliptical wobble disk at its periphery engages a sine curve track, on a lide or on a drum, and slides the strip track or rotates the drum as a preferred alternative to a gear drive.

Abstract: A piston-and-cylinder type actuator, for use particularly in steplessly-variable-ratio transmission units of the toroidal race rolling friction type. In such units the actuator may serve to thrust the input and output members and their intermediate rollers into engagement, so that drive will be transmitted. According to the invention enhanced thrust is obtained by interposing auxiliary pistons (6, 7) in the space between the main piston (1) and the end (4) of the cylinder (2). One of pistons 6, 7 is linked to the main piston 1 and the other to cylinder 2, and they divide the said space into two pressurized zones (16, 18) with a vented zone between them. Where the actuator has to rotate about the cylinder axis, unwanted centrifugal forces generated within zones 16, 18 may be diminished by forming the vented zone so that a quantity of fluid may accumulate in it.

Abstract: A relatively large drum which is supported by rotation about a horizontal axis of rotation is driven by a drive mechanism. The above mechanism includes an energizable rotor that is resiliently and rotatably supported, and in frictional contact with the circumference of the drum, so as to rotate the drum when energized.

Abstract: A gear transmission comprising a driving transmission shaft, a driven transmission shaft, a gear shaft between the two transmission shafts, three speed change gears of different diameters mounted on the gear shaft, an auxiliary speed change shaft carrying three gears of different diameters respectively in mesh with the speed change gears, and two clutch members provided between one or the other of the transmission shafts and the gear shaft. Each clutch member provides two speeds by switching between a position to connect one of the transmission shafts to the gear shaft and a position to connect the transmission shaft to one of the speed change gears. Thus the gear transmission provides a total of four speeds.

Abstract: In a face gear assembly comprising a face gear and a pinion engaged therewith, the crest or top land of each tooth of the face gear is so formed as to touch the root surface or bottom land between two adjoining teeth of the pinion which are in mesh with the tooth, whereby the mutual engaging relationship of the face gear and the pinion can be regularly maintained.

Abstract: A check valve provides improved lubrication of a bearing contained within a gear. The check valve is positioned within a bore in the gear, the bore extending radially inwardly from the gear teeth to the bearing. In a preferred embodiment, a ball check valve is contained in a transmission drive gear, the gear containing a pocket bearing. The ball of the check valve is held against the check valve seat by centrifugal force created by the rotation of the drive gear. As the drive gear teeth mesh with those of a countershaft gear, pulses of transmission oil are forced into the bore, intermittently unseating the ball against centrifugal force to provide a continuous supply of oil to the pocket bearing.

Abstract: A selector mechanism for a gearbox in which gear shaft elements 68 are mounted on respective bars 52, 53, 54 which can move parallel with one another and only in these directions, an external control 45 being provided to selectively engage and move the bars 52, 53, 54.

Abstract: A steering column assembly having upper and lower telescoping shaft sections, a jacket surrounding the upper shaft section and an extensible deforming member surrounding the jacket and connected at one end thereto. A U-shaped clamp clamps onto the deforming member and is pivotably mounted to a mounting bracket. The deformable member slides through the clamp upon manual adjustment of the steeing shafts to form a steering column of a desired length but, upon impact, the clamp pivots with respect to the mounting bracket and increases its clamping force upon the deformable member to prevent sliding of the jacket.

Abstract: A mechanical power transmission apparatus, of the differential gear type, for actuating an airplane control surface requiring two independent actuator inputs to a single control surface. Predetermined, proportionately variable, asymmetric loads between the two actuators are accomodated by a load sensitive brake in conjunction with a fuse link which fails in the event of single actuator or drive means failure. The fuse link is provided by employing a shear pin to attach the pinion gear in the differential to the pinion shaft. The shear pin failure strength in conjunction with the load variable brake determines the allowable differential torque between the two driven bevel gears.

Abstract: An agricultural tractor transmission to which various attachments may be removably affixed as necessary. Such attachments include a super reduction device and a pump for actuating a work implement.

Abstract: An automatic transmission including a drive shaft directly connected to a drive source, an output shaft, and a planetary gear mechanism provided between the drive shaft and output shaft and serving to effect automatic speed change in power transmission. The planetary gear mechanism is mounted on the drive shaft with its sun gear fitted thereon. Thus, the length dimension of the drive shaft can be reduced to provide a very compact system. Further, a plurality of clutches are arranged in a radial plane between the drive shaft and the output shaft, thus permitting a further reduction in the size of the system.