Abstract: A transmission throttle valve for use in a hydraulic control system of an automatic power transmission, comprising a valve spool contributing to the development of a throttle pressure, a valve plunger arranged in series with the valve spool and engaged by the accelerator pedal through a mechanical linkage for being movable toward and away from the valve spool as the accelerator pedal is moved toward and away from the released position thereof, a spring urging the valve spool and the valve plunger away from each other and a spring included in the mechanical linkage for urging the valve plunger to move in a direction opposite to the direction in which the valve plunger is to be moved when the accelerator pedal is depressed, wherein the valve plunger is formed with a pressure acting area for urging the valve plunger to move against the forces of the springs so that the vehicle driver is saved from an effort to overcome the force of the spring acting on the valve spool and plunger when in depressing the accelerat

Abstract: An open mouth power tong is described having a novel arrangement for preventing relative rotation between the tong cage plates and rotary gear in situations where the pipe is not gripped at the completion of the camming action and in situations where the tong parts must be aligned for placing the tong on a pipe or removing it from a pipe. The assembly includes a pair of arcuate grooves formed in the upper surface of the rotary gear--one for use in make up operations and the other for use in break out operations. A rigid pin member is provided for extending through one of a pair of apertures formed in the upper cage plate. When the camming action is complete, i.e., when the cam followers have reached the extremities of the cam surfaces, the rigid pin member engages the remote boundary of the respective arcuate groove so as to join the cage plates and rotary gear and cause them to rotate together. When it is desired to align the tong parts for pipe access, the pin engages the near boundary of the groove.

Abstract: In a device for turning a nut on one stud or tensioning bolt of many, arranged on a pitch circle, the nut is connected to one half of a positive, torque-transmitting clutch which can be pulled apart in the axial direction. The other half of the clutch is supported on a drive bushing carried on the stud or tensioning bolt, being moveable thereon in the lengthwise direction. The upper end of the drive bushing is connected to a gear which meshes with the pinion of an electric motor mounted on the outside of the support body of the device. When the nut is screwed off of a stud, it is contained in the drive bushing in such a way that no extra elevation is not required.

Abstract: A device for aiding in the preparation of very thin slices of foam sheet material that is to be examined under a microscope. The device has a clamp arrangement for holding a sample of foam sheet material. A screw feed arrangement permits the foam sheet material to be advanced past a planar surface where a very thin slice of foam material can be removed. A clamping arrangement keeps the foam sheet material in linear alignment at the location where the sample is severed. A detent arrangement permits a metered amount of foam sheet material to be advanced past the planar cutting surface by the screw feed arrangement.The method of preparing a foam sample by first severing the foam material while it is held by the apparatus, thus establishing a planar cut, then positioning the material for a second cut which is then made parallel to the first cut.

Abstract: A slicing machine having a housing containing an electric motor in driving connection with a circular blade for slicing meat, cheese and the like, the housing having an adjustable stop plate mounted thereon in proximity with a portion of the circular blade to permit a user to select a desired slice thickness and which also provides a blade guard when the slicing machine is stored. A wedge-shaped table member which slidably fits over the blade in engagement with the housing to provide a cover for storage and can be slidably fitted to said housing to provide a table extending from a front portion of said housing. A curved dish access member, having an integral arcuate ledge, formed integral with a rear portion of the housing provides means whereby a dish may be placed in proximity with the housing during operation, not only to receive sliced foodstuffs but also the juices therefrom.

Abstract: A method and a device for cutting out pieces of material webs, the cutting taking place between a spherical surface and a sharp edge. The spherical surface consists of a freely movable, non-driven ball. The ball can be made of hard material such as steel and the cutting edge of softer material, or vice versa. The device consists of a roller over which the web is led and a member acting against it. The roller has a groove corresponding to the desired contours of the formed piece. A ball, guided by the groove made in the roller, presses against the edge of the groove for cutting through the web.

Abstract: A novel punch for employment in a machine utilizing a punch ring containing a number of spaced, radially-arrayed holes in which the punches are secured, with the punch ring being used in cooperative relation with a die ring employing a number of dies corresponding to the number of punches used. During synchronous rotation of the punch ring and the die ring, each punch interacts each time with a corresponding die, with this arrangement making it possible for the edges of a continuous roll of paper or the like destined to be used in a computer or other type of business machine to be rapidly and effectively punched.

Abstract: A template used in assisting in cutting off a bottom of a door so that the bottom of the door is parallel with the floor, but is raised a sufficient distance from the floor to allow a floor covering to be installed on the floor has an elongated member sized to fit across the width of one of the face surfaces of the door. The elongated member includes an elongated slot or opening extending across it and this slot or opening is normally parallel to the bottom edge of the elongated member. A retaining member located on one end of the elongated member fixedly holds the elongated member to the door in respect to movement of the elongated member away from the door in a direction perpendicular to the door face but allows movement of the elongated member across the surface of the door in a direction coplanar with both the face of the door and the elongated member.

Abstract: A piano action keyboard for an electronic musical instrument or the like wipes a switch actuator (or other mechanical component of electric signal translation means) across switch contacts on a printed circuit board to generate signals indicative of the position and motionof a key when played. The keyboard provides a highly realistic piano "feel" through an array of paired depressable playing keys and arms. Each such arm supports a switch actuator or the like, with varying force transmission at different stages of depression of its corresponding key, the overall electrical-mechanical combination affording a response in terms of both actual results and kinesthetic feedback simulating a manual piano action.

Abstract: In a musical instrument having one or more tone generators in which a plurality of data words are transferred sequentially from note registers in repetitive cycles at rates proportional to the pitches of tones being generated, apparatus is provided for varying the spectral content of tones having both harmonic and nonharmonic overtones. Control signals are used to vary the amplitudes of the overtones. An independent formant control signal causes the tones to have a time variant spectral quality.

Abstract: An electronic tone or note generator capable of providing improved musical and tone quality and special sound effects by mixing the outputs of a plurality of note-signal-producing circuits is provided. The electronic tone or note generator of the invention is characterized by the use of a primary electronic note circuit for producing a primary note signal which is a portion of a primary melody, and a secondary electronic note circuit for producing a secondary note signal that is musically related to the primary melody. The relationship between signals can be a time lag between the outputs of the two note signal circuits or a small difference in frequency between the signal outputs of the two note circuits. Additionally, each note signal circuit can output alternate notes of a continuing melody such that a note from one circuit may persist while the next note from the second circuit is played.

Abstract: A method of constructing a trumpet or other brass instrument is disclosed wherein a zone of increased taper is formed on the cylindrical inner surface of the mouthpipe to provide an improved air column between the mouthpiece and valve sections of the instrument. The zone of increased taper is critically positioned along the length of the mouthpipe to coincide with the pressure maximum points of selected notes in the upper octave of the normal playing range of the instrument to yield a chromatic scale that is nominally true to desired pitch.

Abstract: A mute for a wind instrument comprising a hollow shell adapted for fitting in the bell of the wind instrument and having an inlet and outlet for air passing through the instrument, the shell having an anechoic chamber located between and communicating with said inlet and outlet, a tube extending towards said inlet and defining an exit passage from the chamber, a baffle arranged within the shell between the chamber and the outlet, so as to permit passage of air only around its periphery, the tube being arranged to direct air exiting from the chamber towards the central region of the baffle and being arranged to function as an anegergic means so as to dampen sound waves travelling from the chamber to the baffle.

Abstract: An instrumental mute is provided which is capable of use as a `straight,` `cup` or `wah-wah` type mute in muting sounds produced by wind instruments. The apparatus comprises a vessel 1 internally divided into first and second adjacent chambers 9 and 10 respectively, support means 5 enabling the vessel to be secured within an instrument bellmouth and including a cylindrical portion allowing communication between the chambers 9 and 10, the vessel 1 being displaceable along an extension 12 by rotation about screw thread 18, to open or close the instrument bellmouth.

Abstract: Apparatus including amplifier and peak-detecting circuits receives an electrical signal representative of an aural tone containing a pitch to be determined and produces therefrom a pulse train having a pulse reoccurrence frequency (PRF) substantially equal to the pitch of the tone. The pulse-to-pulse period of the pulse train is measured by applying the pulse train to control circuits that alternately enable and disable digital counters clocked by a binary signal of a PRF substantially greater than that of the pulse train. The digital counters produce counts representative of the period of the pulse train which are decoded and applied to a display unit to provide a visual indication of the pitch contained in the received electrical signal.

Abstract: An extractor for removing an ammunition case from a sizer die in which the case is stuck after the gripping rim surrounding the head of the case has been broken. The extractor includes a body portion having a rim which is engaged by the end of a reloading ram. A screw projecting from the opposite end of the body portion is received by a threaded bore formed in the primer pocket of the case. The body portion is preferably hexagonally shaped so that it can be rotated ith a wrench to thread a screw into the primer pocket bore. Movement of the reloading ram away from the sizer die thus draws the case from the sizer die.

Abstract: A belt-advance system for a belt-fed gas-loading automatic weapon, e.g. a machine gun, revises the usual energy flow path by obtaining at its input side a gas-pressure pulse upon the firing of the weapon and providing an energy-storage unit functionally combined with a cylinder/gas-piston unit for transforming the pneumatic energy into mechanical energy for stepping the belt-advance ratchet pawl.

Abstract: A device for mechanically adjusting a gun with respect to a separate sighting means. The gun has a gimbal mounting and a double eccentric mounting arrangement, whereby the gun can be adjusted or aligned to a specific relationship with the sight, and once adjusted, can be locked to maintain such adjusted position.

Abstract: A pneumatic actuating arrangement for to and fro movements, especially of a central locking system for motor vehicles, with an excess pressure source and with a vacuum source and with at least one pneumatic working device whose working chamber is adapted to be selectively connected to the excess pressure source or to the vacuum source by way of a shifting valve shiftable between two end positions. An intermediate for the shifting valve is provided in which position the shifting valve becomes temporarily effective during the transition from the one end position into the other end position so that the working chamber is conected to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A valve for controlling the admission of gas to a cylinder of a piston-type machine, or for the discharge of gas therefrom, comprises a magnetic armature shiftable between a pair of magnetic poles formed to receive the armature with minimal radial play and with a predetermined air gap from the attracting pole in the energized condition of the coil. The energizing circuit includes an inductive proximity switch which is triggered without engagement by a metal formation on the crankshaft and applies its signal to a pulse former generating a steep-flank pulse triggering a timer to produce two rectangular voltage pulses of different durations. These pulses are applied to a gating circuit which produces a stepped signal with a high initial amplitude which is amplified and applied to a power converter energizing the coil with a corresponding current waveform. A monitoring circuit responds to deenergizing the coil to drain residual magnetism from the pole piece to enable a spring to rapidly close the valve.

Abstract: An integral power steering gear includes a valve within the piston exhibiting improved responsiveness and overall operation. The piston incorporates a rack along the side in engagement with an output pinion. Dual washer springs are provided at the ends of the valve mounted in face-to-face, sliding contact. The spring rate that is thus doubled provides an improved response pattern for the power steering gear. The neutral flow of hydraulic fluid is reduced by narrowing the opening between the adjacent grooves in the valve and the piston. These features together give an improved performance envelope in both of the critical parameters; i.e., steering wheel movement versus net output and steering wheel torque input versus net output. Essentially, the envelope is substantially closed with these improvements giving the desirable improved responsiveness and better feel to the steering.

Abstract: A pressure relief valve for the working pressure of a servo-steering mechanism of a vehicle, with a pressure medium connection between a high pressure connection adapted to be placed under a working pressure and a zero connection adapted to be placed under a lower pressure, whose valve-adjusting member is retained in a normal rest position closing off the pressure medium connection during normal conditions by a control device operating as a function of an operating magnitude of the servo-steering mechanism and which upon exceeding a critical value of the operating magnitude is adapted to be displaced into a by-pass position more or less opening up the pressure medium connection; the control device thereby operates in dependence on the load of the servo-steering mechanism while the by-pass position is independent of the angle of rotation of the steering shaft of the servo-steering mechanism.

Abstract: A fluid pressure containment device utilizing a new design of pressure seal which accomplishes its purpose by a rotary motion of a tube placed inside a vessel. A helical slot cut into the tube causes the tube to rotate by the camming action of a free floating piston placed within the tube. The stationary outer vessel contains openings at its ends through which the working fluid medium may enter and exit and in addition is slotted, longitudinally for an attachment to the free floating piston to pass through the wall of the vessel as fluid pressure moves the piston longitudinally along the slot in the outer vessel. Sealing of the fluid pressure inside the stationary outer vessel is accomplished by the inside tube as it rotates and by a variety of seals which also serve as structural supports against pressure caused forces inside the tube.

Abstract: An improved ventilator apparatus for venting objectionable odors from a structure, while, at the same time, circulating fresh air through the structure, the ventilator apparatus comprising a vent conduit secured to the structure such that one end portion of the vent conduit is disposed within a lower interior portion of the structure and the opposite end portion extends from the structure and thus establishes fluid communication between the lower interior portion of the structure and the atmosphere, a housing encompassing a portion of the vent conduit, one end portion of the housing being disposed within the structure, the housing having two passageways therein for establishing fluid communication through the housing between an upper interior portion of the structure and the atmosphere, a terminal housing having an inlet and outlet, the terminal housing being rotatably mounted on the vent conduit and the housing such that the inlet of the terminal housing communicates with one of the passageways in the housin

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapidly cooking food which includes pressing food directly against a very hot cooking surface with a liquid interface therebetween while the food is submerged in a heated cooking liquid, such as a water-base broth. The cooking surface is preferably formed with a plurality of dispersed dimples which collect and contain the liquid interface at the cooking surface when the food is pressed thereagainst. The apparatus includes two pans located at the entending ends of a connecting conduit with a perforated compression plate for pressing food against the bottom surface of each pan, and a burner is disposed beneath each pan. Controls are provided for alternately lowering the pans to positions immediately above these respective burners and to permit the cooking liquid to flow into the lowered pan, and for automatically energizing and de-energizing the burners when the pans are lowered and raised with respect thereto.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a bale forming apparatus for making rectangular bales in any size, but especially suitable to make large size bales. The unique mechanism consists of; a bale forming channel, and a feeder-compactor assembly. The feeder-compactor assembly is power driven to perform a reversing motion relative to the bale forming channel, depositing, and compressing the successive layers of the bale in continuous folded-like arrangement. The apparatus requires substantially less energy than the conventional balers of the same size.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for stabilizing the operation of a dewatering press operating on a known liquid-solid mixture by measuring a physical property such as the pressure of the material being dewatered at an intermediate position in the press, comparing the measured value with a predetermined optimum value set at will by the machine operator, and generating from the comparison a process alteration capable of stabilizing the operation of the press.

Abstract: The machine forms bales of circular cross section by continuously rolling the bale upon a supporting surface within a formation chamber while additional material is supplied to the chamber. The chamber is partially defined by two separate, cooperating sets of flexible belts, one set having an upwardly moving stretch at the rear of the chamber and the other having a forwardly moving stretch defining the top of the chamber such that material entering the chamber at the beginning of the baling cycle is lifted upwardly by the rear stretch and rolled forwardly by the top stretch. The top and rear stretches converge to an upper rear corner of the chamber spaced above the supporting surface for the rolling bale, and such corner may be adjustably shifted vertically and/or horizontally in a fore-and-aft direction as may be necessary or desirable to facilitate bale starting under differing crop conditions. Alternative belt arrangements are disclosed for obtaining the desired adjustability of the chamber corner.

Abstract: A trash compactor has a base frame with vertical I-beam piston guide means supporting a rectangular piston for vertical reciprocation; a plurality of suction openings extend about the periphery of the piston adjacent the end face of the piston and are connected to a vacuum source with flexible seal flaps on the periphery of the piston engaging the sides of an open-topped trash container as the piston moves into the container so that dust resultant from trash compaction is removed by the suction openings to a filter box for disposal.

Abstract: A portable cassette recorder for use in an imprinter or the like, the recorder including a supply cartridge, a take-up spool and a brake for the take-up spool and a document holder. The take-up spool has incorporated thereon a leader to which the transaction log sheets may be easily attached in alignment with the take-up spool. The brake for the take-up spool includes a first gear rotatable with the spool, a second gear in engagement with the first gear and a pivotally mounted third gear in normal engagement with both said first and second gears to engage the brake for the take-up spool, the brake being disengaged by pivoting the third gear out of contact with the first gear. The document holder includes a support surface of preferably ferromagnetic material disposed in the upper surface of the recorder upon which a document such as an invoice is positioned.

Abstract: An electromagnet and a permanent magnet are arranged in parallel between first and second pole pieces having a metallic spring tine coupled to the first pole piece and disposed to be attracted to the second pole piece by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. A sensing coil is positioned to sense magnetic flux changes resulting from changes in position of the metallic spring tine. In operation the spring tine is displaced to the second pole piece and captured at a home position by field energy from the permanent magnet. When there is a demand for printing, the electromagnet is energized in a first polarity such that its reluctance to the field of the permanent magnet is minimized and the flux from the permanent magnet is attracted to pass through the core of the electromagnet thereby nullifying the traction between the spring tine and the second pole piece and the spring tine is released.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved form of a mosaic printer of the bar helix type. The helical raised threads on the printer drum instead of being continuous are broken into segments which are offset axially on the drum. This produces a significant increase in throughput by reducing waiting time for the drum to rotate a section of continuous thread into alignment with a hammer at the start of a new helical pattern.

Abstract: A belt printer control system for attachment to a host system has a first microprocessor connected by a dedicated bus to the host system and control elements operable to perform carriage control, belt drive, and ribbon drive operations of the printer mechanism. A second microprocessor is connected by a dedicated bus structure to controls for operating the print hammers. A common RAM is accessed by the two microprocessors through a common bus structure. The first microprocessor passes control and print information to the RAM for use by the second microprocessor in building print algorithm tables in the RAM for use by the second microprocessor to operate the print hammers. Communication between the microprocessors is done through control information stored by the microprocessors in the common RAM. Storing printing information and building of tables and controlling printing and nonprinting operations of the print mechanism are done concurrently.

Abstract: An automatic screen printing process comprising the steps of continuously driving an endless belt to apply and stick a material to be printed onto the endless belt along a predetermined length smaller than one travelling circle of the endless belt, then driving the endless belt intermittently to feed the material to be printed to a printing operation zone and a drying operation zone, while repeating the cycle of the printing operation during stoppage of the endless belt and the operation of travelling the endless belt along a repeat length during stoppage of the printing operation, thereby to print the entire surface of the material applied to the endless belt and dry the printed material, and repeating said printing step until a pattern of a predetermined number of colors is obtained is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for printing labels is disclosed, and more particularly a portable apparatus which will reproduce indicia of a master sheet on a continuous web substrate and thereafter cut the web into individual labels. The apparatus is provided with a rotatable plate roller, to which the master sheet is attached. A fountain solution module is provided which applies a fountain solution to the surface of the master sheet, and an ink module is provided which supplies ink to the master sheet in the areas which the fountain solution has not adhered. A blanket roller is provided having a diameter equal to the plate roller and is in contact therewith. The plate and blanket rollers are driven at equal speed such that the ink on the plate roller will be accurately transferred to the blanket roller. In addition, a freewheeling impression roller is provided which is mounted for reciprocating movement into and out of contact with the blanket roller.

Abstract: An alignment apparatus is provided for a serigraphic printing machine to align the objects to be printed on with the printing panels assuring alignment of the different colors applied at the several printing stations. The objects to be printed on are carried by supports which have a centering plate thereon and are pivoted around a pin opposite the centering plate. Each printing station is provided with a centering pin in registration with the printing panel at each station. Each centering pin is engaged into a slot of the centering plate to align the support and the object with the printing panel when printing is to occur. All of the centering pins are fixed along a rotatable rod adjacent the printing stations which is rotated by a hydraulic piston to engage the centering pins into their respective centering plate slots.

Abstract: A registration target for printing on a web or sheet includes a pair of juxtaposed orthogonal arms, at least one of which extends lengthwise along the web. One or more tabs projects perpendicularly from each arm but only at one edge thereof. The widths of the arms and tabs substantially correspond to the stroke width of the lines and characters being printed on the web and the length of each tab is a multiple of that stroke width. By observing the orientations of the tabs and the amounts by which they project beyond one another of the targets printed by a series of print cylinders in a press, one can immediately discern the directions and amounts in terms of stroke width of any registration errors.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns an attaching mechanism for attaching and detaching the inking device of a portable label printing machine, or the like. The attaching mechanism includes a supporting device which is attached to the machine body of the label printing machine. An ink applicator having an inking roller is detachably secured to the supporting device. Stoppers are formed on the supporting device. The stoppers are each comprised of a guide section for guiding emplacing motion of the ink applicator, a stopper section for determining the extent of ink applicator insertion and a retaining section for supporting a portion of the ink applicator and for preventing its leaving the supporting device. The ink applicator is brought into engagement with the supporting device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for attaching shaped charge units into a well perforating gun. The shaped charge unit has an ear shaped extension having a cavity for receiving a wire in the perforating assembly. A second extension is positioned on the perforating charge unit having a threaded hole for containing a screw which may be advanced into tight engagement with the wire in the cavity of the first extension. This arrangement allows perforating units to be quickly added or taken out of a perforating gun assembly by adjustment of the screws through the threaded assemblies of the perforating charges.

Abstract: A fuel-air explosive weapon launched from a remote distance is used for clearing minefields. A set timing pattern in the operation of the minefield clearance round permits varied range through retarding the length of time that a programed sequence of events occurs at the launch site. Upon flight, the round follows a predetermined pattern in deployment of a parachute, firing cloud detonators and initiation of a burster charge. An extendable probe at the front of the round permits detonation at a predetermined level above ground. The descent by parachute provides a relatively stable launching platform for cloud detonators if they are fired prior to the burster charge detonation for dispersal of the fuel-air cloud.

Abstract: A method of drilling and blasting a field is disclosed. By use of a certain combination of blasting agents, it is possible to expand the bore hole pattern by 30 to 50%, thereby decreasing the number of bore holes per unit of area to be blasted.

Abstract: An apparatus for the simultaneous placement of a plurality of objects on a substantially horizontal surface is disclosed, said apparatus comprising a platform to position the objects, release mechanisms to releasably attach the objects to the platform and a system for simultaneous release of the objects.

Abstract: An electrically ignited load such as a fusehead is connected to the secondary winding of a transformer. The secondary winding is magnetically linked to a primary winding through a magnetic circuit and the transformer is constructed so as to provide a substantial leakage inductance associated with the secondary winding and effectively connected in series with the load to be ignited. The structure selectively passes electrical ignition energy to the load only in response to input electrical energy having predetermined magnitude and frequency characteristics.

Abstract: Apparatus for driving railroad spikes having at least one pair of hydraulic driving rams and associated spike holders and spike feeding arms. Each ram and its associated spike holder and spike feeding arm is suspended from an adjustable head supported in a mounting frame. Each head is individually movable in a first direction parallel to railroad track rails and in a second direction perpendicular to railroad track rails so that each ram and associated spike holder can be independently adjusted relative to a tie plate hole through which a spike is to be driven and both rams and associated spike holders are adjustable in unison in a first direction parallel to railroad track rails and in a second direction perpendicular to railroad track rails to spot the spikes over the holes in a tie plate through which the spikes are to be driven.

Abstract: Transporter or material handling apparatus for the controlled movement of goods includes two pairs of intersecting rails, a pallet for supporting the goods, a first group of wheels mounted on the pallet for rolling on one pair of intersecting rails, a second group of wheels mounted on the pallet for rolling on the other pair of intersecting rails, and a directional interchange in each of the intersecting rails permitting movement of the pallet in two angularly disposed directions therefrom. The movement of the pallet may be effected by a drive which engages the pallet for selectively propelling it in either of the two directions.

Abstract: In an induced repulsion type magnetic suspension system for a railway vehicle, superconductive magnets of opposite polarities are alternately set at specific intervals in the longitudinal direction of vehicle, while in the longitudinal direction of the track conductive loop coils or conductive sheets are continuously set at specific intervals, whereby the repulsion due to the eddy current caused by a voltage induced in said conductive loop coils or conductive sheets by the superconductive magnets and said superconductive magnets levitates the vehicle. In this invention, an additional source to produce a magnetic field of the same polarity is provided on the vehicle; and thereby a magnetic flux with the same period as the vehicle vibration is applied which intersects said conductive loop coils or conductive sheets on the ground when the vehicle vibrates.

Abstract: The low slung traction means serves to transmit traction or braking forces between the rail vehicle body and the supporting undercarriage. In one embodiment, the traction means has a horizontal intermediate member connected to the undercarriage via inclined rods and connected to the body via a second longitudinal connecting rod. In addition, the intermediate rod is coupled to the vehicle body via a guide means formed by a linkage. The traction and braking forces are transmitted exactly at the force attack point given by the imaginary intersection of the inclined rods and the moment exerted on the intermediate rod by the traction and/or braking forces is compensated by a corresponding reaction moment via the guide linkage. Other embodiments utilize transverse cross-pieces, T-shaped intermediate members, lever cross-intermediate members and the like.

Abstract: A digging and planting machine is provided having a tubular digging and planting tool, and at least one sensing and signalling means for sensing the resistance below and/or exceeding a predetermined minimum of the ground to penetration by the digging tip of the tool, thus gauging the condition of the ground, and detecting obstacles to such penetration, so as to ensure that the digging tip provides and a plant is fed to a planting hole of the desired depth, when ground condition is suitable, and, when ground condition is not suitable, that a digging attempt is aborted and a new attempt made as soon as possible.

Abstract: An apparatus that includes a drawbar, a pair of furrow forming disks rotatably mounted on the drawbar, a seed tube located between the disks for depositing seed in the furrow, a press gauge wheel assembly mounted on the drawbar rearward of the disks for closing the furrow and compacting the soil on both sides of the seed, and also including adjustment structure for varying the height of the press wheel relative to the drawbar for controlling furrow depth in response to pressure exerted on the apparatus.

Abstract: An embroidery needle comprising a hollow handle member within which is received a spring biased push-rod operating member. A push-button is carried at one end of the rod and a clasp is threaded to the other end. The clasp includes expandable spring fingers which close on each other to form a clutch or vise grip on the end of a needle carried thereby. The needle supports one or more boot gauge members for gauging the height of an embroidery loop to be formed. An axial passageway extends through the entire assembly to allow the embroidery thread to be passed therethrough to the eye of the needle.