Abstract: A low energy ice making apparatus employing a low volume carnot cycle refrigeration system. Ice is progressively formed on a plurality of improved evaporator plates and harvested by a secondary condenser grid heated by the warm liquid refrigerant discharged by a primary water cooled condenser. The apparatus incorporates an improved water manifold and secondary condenser grid construction.

Abstract: An ice making machine of the type comprising a plurality of ice forming molds into which water is directed by means of a rotating spray bar supplied with water from an associated water sump or reservoir; the spray is mounted for 360.degree. rotation about a generally horizontal axis and includes a plurality of spray nozzles which operate to not only spray water toward the ice forming molds but also toward the water reservoir to provide agitation of the make-up water contained therein so as to prevent settling of any sediment or other impurities within the make-up water.

Abstract: A beverage cooling arrangement having an inner receptacle defined by a closed end, an open end and a wall disposed between the open and closed ends. An outer encasement partially encases the inner receptacle, and the encasement is joined at the upper end to the inner receptacle along the open end thereof forming a cavity between the inner receptacle and the encasement. A layer of cellular compressible heat-insulating material is disposed within the cavity adjacent the encasement. A solid gel refrigerant is disposed within the remainder of the cavity between the insulation layer and the receptacle. A base is secured to the outer encasement so as to completely seal and isolate the cavity from the outside environment.

Abstract: A homokinetic coupling with an inner ring contained within a groove-like ball race within the outer ring, and with a series of flattened balls therebetween for imparting rotation and transmitting forces, the balls being at least partially enclosed by a flexible annular ball cage.

Abstract: A continuous processing apparatus for a hygro-thermic treatment of a fabric material such as a tubular knitted fabric material capable of adequately applying a treating liquid to the fabric material within a high pressure steamer. The liquid to be supplied to the inside of the high pressure steamer is heated to prevent steam within the drum body of the steamer from becoming a drain and to enhance the effect of impregnating the fabric material with the liquid or the effect of preparatory washing. While the fabric material is conveyed within the steamer, it is kept in a suspended state without tension to let it have a good touch and bulkiness.

Abstract: An automatic washing machine of the vertical axis type is provided with an annular channel in the bottom of the tub to collect debris and sediment particles and with an annular baffle to prevent the collected particles from being deposited in the washed articles during the direct-into-spin portion of the wash cycle.

Abstract: A filter cone fixed to the bottom of a washing machine basket includes a plurality of closely spaced rigid teeth in a circumferential row extending outwardly and upwardly to divide the tub into first and second chambers for filtering laundry liquid during a washing cycle and for preventing sediment and debris from returning into the basket during a direct-into-spin portion of the wash cycle. The reverse flow of water through the filter teeth during the drain portion of the washing cycle effects self-cleaning of the teeth.

Abstract: A lock apparatus shields the valve stem of a petcock and prevents unauthorized opening of the petcock.

Abstract: A lock assembly has a tubular secondary lock housing having an inner wall generally centered on an axis and formed with an axially extending and inwardly open groove. A core plug is rotatable in this housing and has a central axially extending and open key-receiving passage. Axially spaced tumblers are exposed at this passage in the plug and are diametrally displaceable therein along a diametral plane between outer positions projecting radially beyond the outer surface and inner positions lying radially within the outer surface. These tumblers are only displaceable into the outer positions when they are radially aligned with the groove and when they are in the outer position and engaged in the groove they block the core from rotating in the housing. The tumblers have respective control edges subdivided at the diametral plane into first edge regions and second edge regions which are out of line with each other.

Abstract: A press for manufacturing hollow articles by deep drawing comprising a high pressure vessel (1) accommodating a die (3) with a punch (4). A blank (14) is accommodated in an annular high pressure chamber (16) communicating with a high pressure chamber (19) of an intensifier (20). The press also comprises a device (27) for regulating pressure in the annular chamber to control pressure acting upon the peripheral portion of a blank in accordance with a preset law, an appliance (39) for setting pressure in the annular chamber is made in the form of a tracer whose profile is equidistant with the curve characterizing the alteration of pressure in the annular chamber (16).

Abstract: The flame-cut sheet metal elements to be deburred have a surface which lies substantially in a plane and have edge portions which are formed with sharp-edged metallic burrs extending generally in said plane and carry slag beads which protrude from said surface. Tool means are caused to perform a gyratory motion parallel to said plane and while performing said motion are engaged with said slag beads to break them off. Said tool means are caused to engage also said metallic burrs while performing a gyratory motion parallel to said plane, whereby said burrs are impact-deformed.

Abstract: A method of shaping metal in the form of a parallel-sided elongate sheet to make from it a formed profile that is of uniform cross-section except that at least one longitudinal edge is worked to generate a repeating pattern along its length, comprising cold working the metal sheet successively (a) by rolling to increase the width of the sheet, (b) with one or more than one knurling wheel that generates the repeating pattern in the longitudinal edge or edges of the metal sheet and at the same time reduces the width of the metal sheet to substantially its original value, and (c) by roll-forming (b) to the said profile, which may for example be a channel of substantially U-shaped cross-section.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for splitting a single metal rod into three equal cross-section areas by passing the rod through pairs of rollers to form three connected equal areas, but not identically shaped strands, then applying a separating force to separate the rods into individual lengths.

Abstract: A safety control system for a metal forming machine having a vertically moving forming ram which cooperates with a stationary forming die for forming a variety of creases in sheet metal manipulated by an operator. The safety control system returns the forming ram to an inactive position in the event the operator inadvertently positions tool or limb between ram and die during machine operation.

Abstract: In a magnetic workpiece holder and gauge for a press brake, the core of an electromagnet for the work core is electrically insulated, and connected to a circuit for energizing the electromagnet when electrical contact is made between a magnetic workpiece and the core structure of the electromagnet. A probe may also be provided for detecting the lateral alignment of the workpiece.

Abstract: A collet assembly for a hose crimping tool is disclosed in which rigid metal jaw elements are encircled by and locked within a separately molded elastomeric cage. The cage positions the elements in the free state and allows them to be radially compressed for the crimping operation. Interlocking surfaces are provided to retain the jaws within the cage without need of adhesives, or the like.

Abstract: In order to facilitate the accurate calibration of a strain gauge amplifier, an electrical circuit is provided, the output of which simulates the output of a strain gauge. A given polarizing current which is the same as that normally applied to the strain gauge is applied to the electrical circuit. Additional, circuitry is provided for producing a single electrical output equivalent to that of the strain gauge.

Abstract: A cylinder containing a vacuum lid opening at one end and a tee connector is used as a containment vessel to measure the rate of volatilization of dissolved volatiles from solids. One end of the tee is connected to a vacuum pump and the other end is attached to a vacuum pressure gauge. A thermal sensor is located at the bottom end of the cylinder for monitoring the temperature of the solid material. In operation, a sample of contaminated solid is placed in the cylinder, the vacuum pump is activated and the vacuum pressure and solid temperature are monitored over a period of time. The mass transport coefficient for volatilization of dissolved gases from contaminated solids can be determined from Henry's law and a mass transport equation.

Abstract: A knock detecting apparatus for internal combustion engines includes a housing of a predetermined shape containing therein magnetic circuit means a part of which is formed by vibrating plate means made of a magnetic material and magnetic flux sensing means for sensing a change in the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit means caused by the vibration of the vibrating plate means in resonance with a knocking frequency.

Abstract: A method of and a system for detecting pinholes in hollow fibers by passing a liquid filled fiber into a zone of pressurized gas wherein the pressure of a gas is higher than that of a liquid inside the hollow fiber so that bubbles may be injected through pinholes contained in said hollow fiber and then passing the fiber through a bubble detector. The system can be operated continuously with the pinhole detector being between a device for continuously feeding the hollow fiber and a device for winding up said hollow fiber.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the weight of liquid flowing to or from a test site is described. The apparatus comprises, in combination:a vessel for containing liquid, the vessel being supported solely by a balance;an indicator for indicating the weight sensed by the balance;a test surface to receive a specimen to be tested, the test surface including the test site;a conduit operatively connecting the vessel to the test site for directing a flow of liquid between the vessel and test site;an adjuster for vertically positioning the test site;Wherein the vessel is supported by the balance through a spring, which serves to maintain the surface of the liquid in the vessel at a constant elevation as liquid flows into and out of the vessel.

Abstract: An average value of an air-fuel ratio correction signal, which is gradually increased or decreased in accordance with output of an exhaust gas sensor for detecting the concentration of a particular component in the exhaust gas, and which is utilized for controlling air-fuel ratio of the mixture supplied to an engine, is generated. Then, the generated average signal is compared with a plurality of predetermined values to discriminate a range in which the average signal is positioned among a plurality of ranges specified by the plurality of predetermined values. Thereafter a signal which represents the discriminated range is produced. This signal energizes an indicator to inform an operator of the basic air-fuel ratio condition of the engine.

Abstract: An apparatus for the temperature control of a resistor used for measurement purposes, in particular, in combination with air flow rate measurement purposes, in particular, in combination with air flow rate measuring devices in internal combustion engines for a vehicle wherein the temperature of the resistor with current flowing through it is regulated during the measurement phase and in particular, operational states of the system provided with the apparatus and/or at particular times, the flow of current through the resistor is increased for the purpose of burning off dirt particles, which would falsify the measurement result, from the surface of the resistor which is formed, for example, as a hot wire. The apparatus includes a memory for picking up a signal such as whether a particular engine temperature is present at the beginning of one operational cycle or not and when this temperature is present, a red-hot heating procedure is omitted when the engine is subsequently turned off.

Abstract: A gas flow measuring apparatus of the type which measures for example, the amount of air flow to the engine of an automotive vehicle, includes a flow measuring tube, an electric heater wire and two temperature dependent resistance wires which are all positioned in the flow measuring tube such that one of the temperature dependent resistance wires is subjected to the effect of the heat of the electric heater and the other is not subjected to the same effect, whereby the flow rate of gas is measured in accordance with the output signal of a voltage divider including a series-connection of the temperature dependent resistance wires. The electric heater wire and the temperature dependent resistance wire subjected to the effect of the heat from the former are wound closely and alternately on the same support made from an electrical insulating material.

Abstract: A liquid expansion thermometer which includes ambient temperature correction means in the form of compensation elements located along the length of the thermometer duct and, each compensation element comprising a hollow shell in which is positioned a solid element, and each compensation element acting to compensate for volume changes in an associated duct segment.

Abstract: Electronic balancing apparatus for rotating bodies in which unbalance read-out for two-plane dynamic balancing can be obtained on an initial run without the need for trial weights or calibration runs, and wherein manual filter tuning, manual ranging of amount displays and manual entry of right and left calibration weights are eliminated. In addition, the system will automatically divide correction weights between two points on a rotor, will combine multiple corrections into one weight, and incorporates memory meters which hold their readings from run-to-run without adjustment.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the position of an object which is moving along an axis at frequent intervals of time and without making mechanical contact with the object, comprising position determinator means for providing an accurate position determination of said object at relatively long intervals of time or position, means associated with said object comprised either of the combination of speedometer means and electronic integration means for time integrating the output of said speedometer means at relatively frequent time intervals for providing an instantaneous measurement signal or the combination of accelerometer means and electronic integration means for double time integrating the output of said accelerometer means at relatively frequent time intervals for providing an instantaneous measurement signal, and means for correcting the value of said instantaneous measurement signal at said relatively long intervals of time or position to be equal to said position determination made by said position deter

Abstract: A displacement converter useful for pressure gauges and similar instruments, the converter including a displacement detector provided with a variable capacitor responsive to the displacement to be metered and a fixed capacitor insensitive thereto. Also included is an amplitude-controllable oscillator whose AC output is applied to both capacitors, means being coupled to the capacitors to derive therefrom electrical signals which are a function of their capacitance values. These electrical signals are fed to a control circuit to produce a control signal corresponding to the difference therebetween, the control signal being applied to the oscillator to govern the output amplitude thereof in a manner maintaining the control signal at a constant value.

Abstract: An electromagnetic flowmeter in which the fluid whose flow rate is to be measured is conducted through the flow tube of a primary provided with a pair of diametrically-opposed electrodes to intercept a magnetic field established by an electromagnet whose coil is excited by a current having a rectangular waveform whose frequency is low relative to that of a commercial a-c power line. The electrodes of the primary are connected through a transmission line to the input amplifiers of a secondary, the transmission line being constituted by a pair of shielded cables each including an inner line connecting an electrode to the input of a respective amplifier and an outer shield connected to the output of the amplifier, the cables being surrounded by a common outer shield.

Abstract: A sample injection system for a gas chromatograph or other analysis instrument and a method of sample analysis are described. The injection system comprises a sample chamber, a sample inlet at one end of the sample chamber, a sample outlet at the opposite end of the sample chamber, means for cooling the sample chamber and means for introduction of a carrier gas into the sample chamber. In one embodiment, the injection system further includes a second sample chamber openly connected with the first sample chamber so as to allow the transfer of a solid or liquid sample from the first chamber wherein the sample can be contacted at ambient temperature with a flowing carrier gas, to a preheated second chamber, wherein hydrocarbons are thermally extracted from the sample. The injection system and method are particularly suited for thermal analysis of geological samples to obtain information useful in petroleum exploration.

Abstract: Gyroscope apparatus includes a tubular rotor that is supported at opposite ends by bearings, such as a gas-lubricated bearing, for rotation about its axis. A gimbal ring encircles the rotor and is resiliently supported with the rotor, for angular displacement about an axis at right angles to the rotor axis, by a pair of flexure pivots located intermediate the ends of the rotor. An inertia ring is mounted concentrically with the gimbal ring by another pair of flexure pivots for angular displacement about an axis at right angles to the rotor axis and the axis of displacement of the gimbal ring. The major part of each flexure pivot is contained within the radial thickness of the gimbal ring. Displacement of the inertia ring is sensed by pick-offs the outputs of which are used to control the restoring torque applied by torquers located outwardly of the pick-offs.

Abstract: In a ball screw and nut drive device, a helical ball spindle or channel is formed in the inner surface of a nut body and the outer surface of a screw. Balls are circulated through the helical ball channel being returned from one end to the other of the channel by deflecting channels and a return channel. Each deflecting channel is formed in part by a deflecting member fitted into a recess formed in the inner surface of the nut body. The deflecting member includes a projection for lifting balls out of the helical ball channel into the deflecting channel. The deflecting channel has a rectilinear part which can receive balls from the helical ball channel and a curved part connecting the rectilinear part with the return channel. The deflecting channel in the deflecting member is open along its length and the balls passing therethrough contact a wall in the recess formed in the nut body.

Abstract: Operator access to the zone at which workpieces are struck in a drop hammer is temporarily but reliably blocked by a sturdy mechanical guard throughout every period when the hammer may commence and complete its fall; a unique physical linkage, between the guard and a safety-dog lever which must be manually turned in order to release the hammer, insures that the safety guard must have been shifted from an out-of-the-way position into a protective orientation before the hammer can drop.

Abstract: A compact planetary differential (10) is provided including first and second planetary sets (16,18) individually having ring, sun, and carrier elements (26,28,30,34,36,38), a rotary input member (12), first and second output members (20,22) individually connected to a preselected first one of the elements of the respective planetary sets, and with preselected second ones of the elements of the respective planetary sets being connected for joint rotation. A multi-speed unit (14) desirably always drives the output members at equal torque levels while imparting multi-speed capability thereto. The multi-speed unit is driven by the input member and drives the remaining third one of the elements of the second planetary set in at least one speed. The multi-speed unit (14) preferably includes a third planetary set (44), one brake assembly (54) and a clutch assembly (102), or two brake assemblies (54,56) connected to preselected ones of the ring, sun, and/or carrier elements thereof.

Abstract: Apparatus for converting a manually operated machine for grinding saw blades into automatic operation; including a first hydraulic cylinder for connection to the grinding wheel carriage assembly for reciprocation thereof, a second hydraulic cylinder for connection to a saw blade for incremental rotation thereof, and an electromechanical control circuit for sequencing the operation of the cylinders to automatically position and grind each of a plurality of teeth on a saw blade.

Abstract: Apparatus for sharpening a combination saw blade, the apparatus including a selector for manual input of numbers of cutting teeth and non-cutting tooth spaces on the blade, a counter for counting the number of teeth and tooth spaces moved to a grinding station, the grinding station having a grinding head disposed therein and mounted on a first reciprocating lift mechanism activated by a cam to sharpen each of the blade teeth serially, and a second lift mechanism adapted to operate in response to a signal from the counter to locate the grinding head out of a grinding position when the grinding station is occupied by a non-cutting tooth space, and to place the grinding head under control of the first lift mechanism when the grinding station is occupied by a cutting tooth.

Abstract: A tong apparatus for threadedly connecting and disconnecting elongated members is provided with a housing having a slot for receiving members to be connected. A cage support is rotatably carried by the tong housing and includes a slot for aligning with the tong housing slot to receive the members. Cage apparatus are provided in the cage support and include a slot for aligning with the tong housing slot and cage support slot to receive the members with jaws pivotally supported by the cage and having gripping surface apparatus to grip one of the members. Apparatus are provided to rotate the cage support with apparatus to initially restrain relative rotation between the cage and the cage support upon rotation of the cage support, with the cage support and jaw including cooperating apparatus engageable upon rotation of the cage support to urge the jaws into gripping engagement with one of the members.

Abstract: A hand operated wrench in which the driver head is rotated in the same direction regardless of the direction of movement of the wrench handle. In a first embodiment, the wrench includes nested handles operating bevel gears having shiftable pawls for reversing the direction of rotation of the driver head. In a second embodiment, the wrench includes clustered spur gears having individually operated pawls for reversing the direction of rotation of the driver head.

Abstract: A universal wingnut wrench, which incorporates a grip apparatus capable of engaging various wingnut configurations, a drive apparatus adapted to be driven manually or by any of a variety of implements, and an integral magnet to adhere a wingnut to the wrench, to serve in combination as a device to facilitate the installation and removal of wingnuts from even marginally accessible locations is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reamer for hollow shafts of turbines. Particularly the invention relates to a reamer for hollow shafts, and comprises a casing provided with self-centering means for insertion into the shaft bore, a motor slidable axially inside said casing, means for moving said motor axially, a drive shaft rotated by said motor rigid therewith in its axial movements and keyed to a reaming head which is rotatable relative to said casing but axially fixed relative thereto; the invention further comprises at least one reaming tool rotated by said reamining head, and cam means for guiding said reaming tool along a curved trajector lying in a radial plane of said reaming head and operated by the axial movement of said drive shaft.

Abstract: A multi-bladed tool system for use with automatic bar lathes and screw machines is disclosed. Parting and chamfering blades are claimed in an elongated holder in predetermined spaced relationship according to intended workpiece configuration by spacer elements and a set screw driven clamping jaw. The blades may extend through the length of the holder so that both ends of the blades may be used by reversing the holder. The blades are trapezoidal in cross section to provide for adequate transmission of clamping forces to all the blades.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the feeding of a bandsaw blade in a horizontal bandsaw machine so that the bandsaw blade is fed at a uniform optimum cutting rate. A control system is provided for controlling the feeding speed and the driven speed of the bandsaw blade in such a manner that the ratio of the feeding speed to the driven speed is kept constant during a cutting operation.

Abstract: A key switch information assignor having a data processor unit which produces keyboard and octave codes which serve to poll and interrogate a keyboard circuit. In response to the polling, the keyboard circuit produces key information representing the depression and release of keyboard switches in the keyboard circuit. This key information is compared by the data processor unit with previous key information to determine an event of key depression or release. In response thereto, a note code is determined combining the key information with the keyboard and octave codes. The key code is then sent to an assignment memory for further use. An envelope generator is provided which sends signals to the data processor unit to indicate the end of note sounding and thereby release of the key code from the assignment memory. Special arrangements are made for high speed release when a demand signal is generated in the case of all channels of the assignment memory being utilized.

Abstract: A tone generator system for electronic musical instruments includes a voltage-regulated, high-frequency oscillator. The output of the oscillator is connected with the inputs of first and second 12-tone divider circuits having outputs for transmission of full octaves of tone signals. The connection between the output of the oscillator and the input of one of the divider circuits contains circuitry which intercepts each n.sup.th signal of the series of signals transmitted by the oscillator so that the one divider circuit is out of tune with the other divider circuit. The number n can be varied by a battery of switches and can be as low as 2 or higher than 128. An auxiliary signal dividing circuit can be connected between the output of the oscillator and the input of the other divider circuit.

Abstract: A digital electronic organ mixture system comprises a pair of digital organs operatively connected in parallel to the same keyboard or keyboards. The keys are grouped into regions of adjacent keys. In one of the parallel organ systems, the frequency numbers ascend along the keyboard corresponding to the notes associated with the keys. In the other parallel organ system, the frequency numbers are weighted by preselected factors, the factor being the same for each keyboard region, and the factor for each successive region along the keyboard being lower than the factor for the immediately preceding region. Activation of a key along the keyboard produces a pitch series comprising a note produced by the unweighted frequency numbers in one organ system and a second note produced by the weighted frequency numbers in the other organ system. The pitch series breaks back at each successive keyboard region in accordance with the weighting factor for that region.

Abstract: A guitar synthesizer comprises a guitar portion and a synthesizer portion which are electrically connected to each other. The guitar portion includes strings stretched between a nut and a bridge and pickup means for detecting a string vibration for providing a guitar sound signal. The guitar sound signal is applied to the synthesizer portion. The synthesizer portion comprises a voltage controlled variable bandpass filter exhibiting a passband characteristic variable in at least two frequency regions of the guitar sound signal as a function of a control voltage. A frequency/voltage converter provides a control voltage representing the frequency of the output of the filter, to the variable bandpass filter, whereby the passband characteristic thereof is made adaptively and dominantly responsive to the frequency of the fundamental wave component included in the guitar sound signal and the fundamental wave component is extracted with accuracy from the guitar sound signal.

Abstract: Digital semiconductor circuit having a plurality of control inputs addressed via a keyboard corresponding to the number of keys on an organ keyboard, as well as having a plurality of audio signal inputs addressable by an oscillator arrangement with periodic electrical oscillations, each control input being permanently assigned to a key of the keyboard and each audio signal input of an audio frequency, and further having respective audio frequency outputs provided for driving an electroacoustical transducer, the control inputs being addressable by control signals corresponding to the logic levels, including a clock-controlled shift register operated as a parallel-to-series converter and having respective cells to which the respective control inputs are assigned, the shift register having a signal output, a switching system controllable by the signal output of the shift register and by clock pulses provided for the operation of the shift register, the switching system having the totality of the audio signal inp

Abstract: An automatic rhythm performance device is of a type in which an intro performance which is in a rhythm pattern different from a rhythm pattern of main performance to be performed amidst music progression is automatically provided at the start of an automatic rhythm performance. To provide the intro performance, this device has a memory for storing special rhythm patterns in addition to regular rhythm patterns for main performance. At the start of the automatic rhythm performance, this memory is made operable for a predetermined time period so that the intro performance is executed on the basis of intro pattern pulses read out from the memory. The intro performance is inhibited when "synchro start mode" which starts the automatic rhythm performance in synchronism with key depression is being selected.

Abstract: A liner for lining the interior surface of a canister which carries and sorts the launching of a projectile includes a first resilient layer, a second thermally reflective layer, and a third layer having a low coefficient of friction. The first layer contacts the inner surface of the canister, the second layer is interposed between the first and third layer, and the third layer contacts the outer surface of the projectile.

Abstract: A mixture of aqueous nitric acid (about 90 volume percent HNO.sub.3 and 10 volume percent H.sub.2 O) and Decalin are used as a propellant for a liquid propellant gun.