Abstract: A baling apparatus and method utilizes a reciprocable ram which cooperates with a baling chamber having a fixed wall platen at one end and having movable side wall means which is locked in its closed wall forming position during baling strokes of the ram but which is movable to an open position so as to afford access to baled material thereby to facilitate enveloping the baled material with a bagging sheet on the ram and by another bagging sheet mounted on the fixed platen toward which and away from which the ram is movable during baling, the bagging sheet which is associated with the ram being arranged with its central portion overlying the baling face of the ram and with its peripheral portion disposed in a bagging chamber disposed about the periphery of the ram and having vertical and horizontal doors which during baling operations are closed but which are opened after a bale is formed in order to allow manual access to the bagging sheets whereby the bagging sheets are wrapped and tied about the baled mate

Abstract: The indirect measurement of the absolute volume of grain which does not fall through the chaffer sieve of a combine harvester and is discharged out the rear of the combine is calculated from the output signals provided by a matrix of sensors which are disposed about the cleaning sieve and which are capable of detecting the precipitating grain flow.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lawn mower including an input shaft selectively drivingly connected to an output shaft supporting the cutting blade. The lawn mower includes a sun gear driven by the input shaft, a first planetary gear in enmeshing relation with the sun gear and supported for rotation around the input shaft and for rotation about an axis parallel to the input shaft, and a ring gear surrounding the sun gear and the first planetary gear, and in enmeshing relation with the first planetary gear. A second planetary gear is drivingly connected to the first planetary gear, and is rotationally driven by the first planetary gear. A second sun gear is connected to the output shaft for driving the output shaft, the second sun gear being in enmeshing relation with the second planetary gear. Apparatus is further provided for alternately braking the ring gear and the output shaft.

Abstract: A bagging filament line lawn mower (2) has a filament line cutting element (8). A fan (60) located in a cutting chamber (26) in the housing (4) of mower (2) is shielded by an outer shroud wall (68). Shroud wall (68) and fan (60) are configured to create an airflow in the cutting chamber (26) over that portion of the grass traversed by the free end portion (47) of the cutting element (8). This airflow has both vertical and circumferential components to both lift the grass for more efficient cutting by the cutting element (8) and to transport the cut grass particles through the lawn mower housing (4) to a discharge outlet (34). Shroud wall (68) is sufficiently high and is spaced so that an operator during normal operation of mower (2) cannot interpose a body member into the fan path.

Abstract: A hover-type lawn mower being provided with a cover which fits over the shroud or housing for the rotatable blade. The cover is provided with openings so that the air flow therethrough forms an air cushion and also transports cut grass and leaves to a collecting area in the cover. The cover is further provided with releasable fastening means to the shroud, so that the cover can be removed when it is desired to empty the collected cut grass and leaves therein.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device for positioning a stick relative to a harvesting aid. The stick holder mounts a stick relative to an operator positioned on a harvesting aid. The stick holder is designed to adjust the height and angle of the stick relative to the operator. In addition, a plant holding trough is provided adjacent to the stick holder to retain the harvested crops prior to a loaded stick being discharged from the stick holder.

Abstract: In a device for splicing textile yarns by admixing and intermingling the component fibers thereof, a mechanical unit is provided which essentially comprises thread-clamping members comprised of fixed component parts formed pairwise on the sidewalls of the machine in an advanced position relative to the fiber-blending chamber and to the cutting members, the latter cutting members being adjustably actuated by actuators operatively connected to the blending-chamber lid.

Abstract: A bobbin drive has a support whose upper and a lower wall contain a motor with upper and lower shaft portions projecting through these upper and lower walls. A bobbin-support spindle is fixed on the upright shaft above the upper wall. A lower journal partly immersed in a lower body of oil carried in a lower sump rotationally supports the lower shaft portion adjacent the lower wall. An upper roller or ball bearing rotationally supports the upper shaft portion adjacent the upper wall and is lubricated from an upper oil reservoir provided immediately therebelow.

Abstract: A bobbin rotating on a spindle in order to draw slivers into rovings coacts with a presser foot which is swingable in an eccentric wing of a flyer journaled on a fly frame above the bobbin and coaxial therewith. The inward swing of the presser foot is limited to a distance from the spindle axis which is slightly less than the radius of the bobbin so as to enable an outward camming of that foot, against the force of a biasing spring inside the wing, with the aid of a beveled surface on the presser foot and/or on the bobbin top when the spindle carrying an empty bobbin initially rises relatively to the fly frame.

Abstract: A spinning frame having a frame mount, a plurality of spindles and, suction elements for each spindle, a ventilating fan arranged in the frame mount and connected to the suction elements, and a filter on the pressure side of the ventilating fan, the filter forming at least part of the rear wall of the frame mount, and including pneumatic cleaning means for the filter, said cleaning means including a suction arm which is movable along the filter and is connected to a suction device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for open-end spinning a novelty yarn (especially slub yarns), and the yarn so produced. A sliver is fed to the fiber separating device of an open-end spinning apparatus to form distinct fibers, the fibers are air transported in a fiber flow path to the twisting device, controlled formation of effects (particularly slubs) is effected during air transport of the distinct fibers in their path, the formed effects are intermittently passed to the twisting device (e.g. pseudo-randomly), the fibers fed to the twisting device are twisted into a continuous strand of effect yarn (particularly slub yarn), and the continuous strand of effect yarn is taken up. The controlled formation of effects is preferably accomplished by introducing a needle into the fiber flow path in the transport section, the fibers collecting on the needle. The fibers are passed to the twisting device by withdrawing the needle from the fiber flow.

Abstract: A free-piston Stirling engine compressor includes a hermetic vessel enclosing a working space in which a displacer reciprocates for displacing working gas through a heater, regenerator and a cooler so as to create a pressure wave. The pressure wave acts on an engine diaphragm to displace fluid in an adjacent hydraulic chamber to drive a power piston on a power stroke. The power piston acts in the hydraulic chamber against an adjacent compressor diaphragm to compress a gas in a compression space and expell the compressed gas through an exhaust valve. A control system is provided for adjusting the mean pressure in the engine working space to maintain a predetermined proportional relationship between the mean pressure in the compression space and the engine working space.

Abstract: An energy storage and recovery system designed for storing excess over demand energy generated by a steam cycle electrical generating plant during slack electricity demand periods and for recovering the stored energy to provide supplemental electricity during peak demand periods.The system utilizes one or more moving bed heat exchangers for transferring heat between the steam cycle of the power plant and a moving bed of refractory particles. Pipes and valves establish fluid communication between the heat exchangers and the steam cycle to supply fluid to selectively heat the moving bed of refractory particles or to cool them as the case may be.One or more insulated silos are provided for storing the refractory particles and means are provided for transporting the particles between the silos and the heat exchangers.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved Finwall combustor liner that includes fabricating the liner in axially spaced panels of Finwall material and introducing the cooling air in each of said panels at discrete locations intermediate the ends thereof so as to achieve a parallel and counter flow for attaining substantially reduced axial and radial temperature gradient over the panels, with an overall temperature reduction of the entire liner.

Abstract: In order to conserve battery power of an electrically-operated cryogenic ler for an infrared imaging detector, a control logic is inserted between the battery and the cooler. This logic operates to maintain the detector at a higher than optimum operating temperature in a "STANDBY" mode, but holds the detector at optimum temperature in an "ON" mode.

Abstract: An energy efficient refrigerated display cabinet having glass barrier doors and one or more guard air bands to protect the primary refrigerated air band. A single guard air band is circulated about the primary refrigerated air band in order to protect the same from contact with the inner walls of the cabinet or the ambient air upon opening of the barrier doors. The cabinet can be provided with an air defrost system in which ambient air is taken in through ports in the cabinet which are selectively closed by gates or through a gap between the barrier doors and the associated access opening. An ambient air band can also be provided for circulation across the outer surface of the barrier doors in order to slightly raise the heat transfer into the glass panes in order to aid reduction of moisture condensate formation on the glass panes.

Abstract: A portable refrigerator 10 has a thermostat system that keeps the temperature of the refrigerator chamber 13 cool by allowing vapor to escape from an opening in a container 16 of pressurized liquid positioned inside chamber 13. A thermally expandable and contractible support in thermal communication with container 16 has a mount fixed relative to the container and a movable end disposed near the top of the container and carrying an element that opens and closes the vapor opening. The position of the movable end and the opening and closing of the vapor opening are then determined by the temperature of container 16. The vapor opening opens when chamber 13 warms container 16 and the support to an upper threshold temperature. The escaping vapor then rapidly lowers the temperature of container 16 and the support to a substantially lower threshold temperature at which the vapor opening closes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a panel air chiller for use with a portable food storage unit. The panel air chiller includes in combination first and second spaced apart parallel panels that have thermal insulation disposed between and in contact with the panels. The thermal insulation material has formed therein at least a first and a second chamber between the panels thereby establishing passageways between the panels and through the thermal insulation material. Located in the first chamber is a means to extract heat from air passing thereover to thereby cool the air. At least one return air opening is provided through one of the panels to communicate with the portable storage unit. A fan is coupled to the space between the panels and to the first chamber to thereby draw air through the return air opening coupled to the portable storage unit.

Abstract: A single working fluid heat pump system having a turbocompressor with a first fluid input for the turbine and a second fluid input for the compressor, and a single output volute or mixing chamber for combining the working fluid output flows of the turbine and the compressor. The system provides for higher efficiency than single fluid systems whose turbine and compressor are provided with separate output volutes.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for depositing a uniform protective coating of ice on frozen food products. A conveyor has a belt with individual flights defining a path through a cold water bath with the food articles to be frozen positioned on individual flights. Apparatus is provided to separate food articles within each flight to prevent the articles from freezing together. Apparatus is also provided to prevent the articles from floating from flight to flight while passing through the bath.

Abstract: The pattern mechanism uses final control elements which are controlled in accordance with a pattern for producing a controlled shogging motion of the guide bars or strips. Additional program-controlled control elements are added to avoid a loss in the shogging stroke. These latter elements are optionally controlled via a program carrier and prevent the pattern yarns controlled by the guide bars from being positioned into a faulty sinker lane irrespective of the length of the shogging stroke. The stroke of one correcting element can be, for example one quarter of the unit stroke of the main control elements while the stroke of the other added element can be one half of the stroke unit.

Abstract: Continuous laundering apparatus having a continuous conveyor carrying the goods to be laundered through the apparatus. Devices additional to, and separate from the conveyor are provided for agitating the goods as they are carried by the conveyor. The conveyor positively carries the goods, including in one form, opposed elements confining the goods therebetween and in another form a single element on which the goods rest. The agitating means includes selectively (a) rollers which are free turning, and turn by engagement therewith by the conveyor and compress the goods between the rollers and a reaction plate; (b) plungers or pushers which are positively driven against the goods, compressing them against the reaction plate; and (c) grippers on opposite sides of the conveyor gripping the conveyor, and thus the goods, between them.

Abstract: A method of dyeing yarns is provided wherein a single yarn or a web of parallel yarns is passed through a falling stream of liquid dyestuff which is substantially at boiling temperature when it contacts the yarn. The falling stream may be interrupted intermittently or may be traversed to and fro of the yarn to dye the yarn intermittently. Apparatus for conducting the method is described.

Abstract: A thin sheet having a low rigidity is drawn while being depressed over the radiused corner of a die by hydrostatic force to obtain a formed article whose sidewall part and flange part have no wrinkles. A laminate not more than about 200 .mu.m in thickness and consisting of a thermoplastic resin film, aluminum foil and a heat-sealable resin film is drawn into a formed article or a container which is light in weight and suitable for containing foods, for instance.

Abstract: A method and tooling for making angle ring flanges from relatively light gauge sheet metal. The method starts with a flat strip of sheet metal from which two angle ring flanges are formed. The strip is rolled and butt welded into a band, the butt weld is broached on both surfaces at the weld line to the thickness of the sheet metal band. The band is placed in a roll forming machine between a set of two forming rolls which rotate and merge to rotate the band and form it into a ring of channel section with outward facing channel legs at 90.degree. to the channel base. One roll is male and pushes the center half of the band down into the female roll and the outer quarters of the band are forced into the clearance between the male and female forming rolls to form the standing legs or flanges of the finished channel section. The male roll has an annular central groove and the female roll includes a shearing cutter disc which is complementary to the annular groove.

Abstract: Straightening apparatus includes opposed straightening rollers through which generally cylindrical elongated workpieces pass generally longitudinally. Opposite flat guide members extend between the rollers and have opposed front guide edges between which a workpiece is guided as it travels through the rollers. The side edges of the guide members extending generally perpendicular to the direction of workpiece travel are individually releasably clamped by clamping devices for providing adjustment of the guide members toward and away from a workpiece to facilitate initial adjustment and to renew the front guide edges as they become worn. Each individual clamping device is also independently adjustable in a direction generally perpendicular to the first adjustment direction for imparting curvature to the guide members extending between curved straightening rollers.

Abstract: A restraining assembly for holding back and then releasing a mandrel which supports a tube being rolled in a rolling mill has a fork supported by a carriage which is driven by two endless chains. The carriage is articulated to two opposite links of the chains and the separation of the fork from the mandrel takes place as the chains run around end wheels and the carriage is tilted. To control this movement of the carriage the fork is at the forward or downstream end of the carriage and an additional connection is provided between the carriage and another link of at least one chain, preferably with play in the direction of movement of the chain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coupling clamps formed from a sheet-metal blank or tube length and of the type comprising an axially slotted hollow hub forming a socket for a shaft or other transmission member and having a lug depending from either side of the slot, the lugs being planar and pierced for the passage of a bolt or the like by the operation of which the clamp can be tightened to bear radially onto the shaft.

Abstract: A machine for bending wire into a ring having a plurality of circumferentially spaced and radially outwardly projecting loops. A loop is formed by the cooperation of a pair of first mandrels longitudinally spaced apart on one side of a wire segment and a second mandrel normally positioned on the other side of the wire segment and moved generally transversely across the longitude of the wire segment along a path between the first mandrels while essentially simultaneously the first mandrels are moved generally longitudinally toward each other. Pairs of third and fourth mandrels disposed on opposite sides of the wire form bends in the wire to provide a plurality of rectilinear portions interconnecting adjacent loops to form a ring-like configuration.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for sensing the presence of gases, vapors, and liquids using surface acoustic waves. At the present time the commercially available devices for measuring the presence of fluids, although fast reacting and generally quite accurate, are very expensive and bulky. Further, these devices do not lend themselves to advanced integrated signal processing and digital techniques. This disclosure describes a precise, fluid sensing unit that is small, easily integrated, and relatively inexpensive to fabricate. The apparatus includes a medium on which surface acoustic waves can be propagated, transmitting and receiving transducers, and a sensing member located across the path of the surface acoustic waves. The sensing member has a physical characteristic that varies the velocity and/or the attenuation of the waves when in the presence of the specific fluid being detected.

Abstract: An improvement in a measuring apparatus for the quantitative determination of a component of a gas sample. The apparatus takes a charge of a predetermined volume of the gas mixture into a metering pump which then pushes it through the absorption unit which adsorbs or absorbs a component of the gas. A probe is used for the intake of the gas and the probe has in the region of its intake opening a thermocouple. In addition, from the cable leading from the thermocouple a reference sensing device such as a second thermocouple is placed in differential connection. A single converter is used for indication of the temperature value and a microcomputer may be used to substantially automate the process.

Abstract: A system for measuring particulate discharge from a vehicular internal combustion engine has a dilution tunnel into which exhaust gases are introduced and mixed with and diluted by clean air. A part of the diluted gases is introduced through a sampling probe into a sampled gas line in which a filter is provided to collect particulates contained in the sampled gases. A differential pressure transducer is provided to detect the pressure drop across the filter and convert the detected pressure drop into an electric signal which is fed into an operator which is operative to compute the quantity of particulate content of the engine exhaust gases on the basis of the time differential of the electric signal from the differential pressure transducer.

Abstract: A pneumatic radius sensor is embodied in a fluid bearing, such as an air bearing for a tape transport, to determine the radius of tape wrapped on an adjacent supply or take up reel. The sensor includes a chamber in fluid communication through a plurality of metered orifii to the region of the changing wrap angle of the tape on the air bearing, the plurality of orifii being arranged to provide an essentially linear relationship between pressure in the chamber and the wrap angle of the tape. Pressure sensing means in the chamber senses the pressure therein, so the radius of tape on the adjacent reel can be determined.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the detection of leaks in an interconnected pipeline system are disclosed. The method involves recording flow characteristics over a specific, short time period, e.g., one-half hour daily, at control stations distributed throughout the network. By arranging the control stations in this manner, subnetworks are defined and the existence of leaks therein determined in accordance with deviations in measurements which facilitate localization procedures for the leaks. The apparatus is a well for use at the control stations immovably fixed in the network and accessible from the outside.

Abstract: A sensing device for detecting a substance including hydrocarbons on the surface of water provides a floatation device for floating on the water surface and for supporting at least one sensing element for detecting the hydrocarbon substance with the floatation device is composed substantially of nitrile and having printed circuitry deposited on the nitrile for providing electrical connection between the sensing element and an electrical conductor for coupling the element to a sensing instrument.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically determining the surface tension by the stalagmometer principle using a pipette containing a test volume, having a drop face at its lower end and is provided with three light barriers. The three light barriers are connected to an evaluation circuit which counts the number of whole drops and also determines the fractions of whole drops pertaining to the test volume.

Abstract: An additive for an electrical contact is selected according to a method wherein the additive has a substantially smaller contact angle with a liquid phase of a ductile metal than the weld inhibiting material has with the liquid phase.

Abstract: Apparatus for supporting a metal hardness test head comprises a base with a plurality of coplanar petal-like supports integral with and extending outwardly from a lower part thereof, an elevating screw in threaded engagement with said base and including a lateral bore therein communicating with a lateral bore of the base, means within the communicating lateral bores for bracing the elevating screw against movement relative to the base and a carriage for supporting a test head above the base, movable along the elevating screw.

Abstract: Combination of a nonionic oxyalkylated alcohol surfactant and an engine fuel, e.g. a 50--50 mixture, by volume, of such surfactant and an aircraft engine fuel such as JP-4 jet fuel, consisting essentially of a mixture of gasoline and kerosene, which is miscible both with water-based and oil-based liquids, for removing water or water-based leak tracer solution entrapped in a fuel tank system, e.g. of an aircraft. When employing, for example, an aqueous leak tracer solution introduced into a fuel tank, e.g. of an aircraft, for locating any leaks therein, after inspection and removal of the main body of leak tracer solution from the tank, in order to remove any residual leak tracer solution which remains entrapped in the tank, the invention composition, hereinafter termed a "depuddling agent", is introduced and blends with the residual leak tracer solution, and the resulting miscible mixture is drained from the system.

Abstract: Apparatus senses the temperature in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The apparatus comprises a spark plug having a central electrode located on the axis of the spark plug, a ceramic insulator encircling the centrally located electrode, a metal casing encircling the ceramic insulator, and a second electrode extending from the metal casing to a position adjacent to the central electrode. The metal casing has continuous threads formed therein and encircling the metal casing for threaded engagement with corresponding threads of an internal combustion engine. A thermocouple is located within the outer periphery of the metal casing and extends to a position adjacent to the gap between the electrodes. The thermocouple has a temperature-sensing junction adjacent to the gap and which junction is located in the cylinder when the spark plug is threaded with the corresponding threads of the engine. A meter connected with the thermocouple indicates the temperature in the cylinder when the engine is operated.

Abstract: A device for electric monitoring of the level of a liquid present in a container, with a temperature-dependent resistance probe which is immersed in the liquid the level of which is to be monitored, a source of constant current connectable, controlled by a timer, to the resistance probe, a circuit, controlled by the timer, for detecting and storing an initial voltage drop on the resistance probe at an initial time and a measurement voltage at a defined time after the connection of the source of constant current, and a circuit for evaluating these voltages by subtraction of the measurement voltage from the initial voltage and if necessary under circumstances inversion of the difference in order to form a display voltage which corresponds to the level.

Abstract: In a liquid level sensing apparatus having a stillwell in a liquid-holding tank disposed around the sensing device, a bubble shield is provided to interdict the upward flow of bubbles to the stillwell to protect the sensor from contact with bubbles or foreign matter which could result in a false reading.

Abstract: A tank wagon for transporting liquid material has a suction pump for drawing liquid material into the tank. Various sensing devices are used to prevent over filling so that material drawn into the tank does not reach the pump. In one form, a float valve in the vacuum conduit shuts the same and/or electrodes are positioned to sense the material level and energize a relay-operated switch that stops the engine driving the pump. Several indicators in the form of lamps or an acoustic horn are operated by short-circuiting electrodes within the tank and give a signal or indication of the liquid level within the tank. In a further embodiment, a float within the tank actuates an ammeter outside the tank to give a signal or reading of the liquid level within the tank.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an integrating angular accelerometer ich has a neutrally buoyant mass, thereby eliminating the detrimental effect of high shock and vibration loads. The accelerometer includes a housing and an inertial mass positioned in the housing, arranged for relative rotation with respect to the housing. An annular channel is provided between the housing and the inertial mass, located about the acceleration sensitive axis and dimensioned to cause fluid flow upon relative rotation of the housing and inertial mass in the direction of relative rotation. The fluid contained within the channel is a viscous fluid having a density equal to that of the inertial mass so as to achieve a neutral buoyancy of the inertial mass. A splitter for blocking fluid flow in the channel is provided so as to produce a differential pressure which corresponds to the relative angular rotation of the inertial mass and housing.

Abstract: An arrangement for deleting liquid in a line, using non-intrusive ultrasonic techniques is disclosed. In this arrangement, four piezoelectric crystals are arranged in pairs about a 0.072 inch o.d. pipe. An ultrasonic tone burst is transmitted along the pipe, between crystal pairs, and the amplitude of the received tone burst indicates the absence/presence of liquid in the pipe.

Abstract: A digital type ultrasonic holography apparatus includes a clock generator for generating a clock pulse signal having a fixed period, a transducer for transmitting spike-like ultrasonic pulses toward an object in synchronism with trigger pulses derived through the frequency division of the clock pulse signal and receiving the reflected wave from the object, a waveform shaping circuit for shaping the received wave into a digital pulse signal, a coincidence detecting circuit for narrowing the pulse width of the digital pulse signal to a magnitude shorter than the period of the clock pulse signal and judging whether or not the pulse width-narrowed digital pulse is present at the level-changing time of the clock pulse signal, thereby to generate a coincidence signal, a scanner for scanning the transducer, and a device for displaying a hologram of the object in accordance with the value of the coincidence signal and the scanning of the transducer.

Abstract: A position reference voltage for controlling the electron beam of a display in an ultrasonic scanning system includes circuitry for receiving a position voltage from a scanner in the system, and a voltage from a variable voltage source. When the variable voltage exceeds the position voltage the variable voltage is locked whereby a new position voltage for the display is derived from the sum of the locked voltages and the scanner position voltage. The variable voltage source includes a digital counter and a digital to analog converter. A comparator compares the sum of the variable voltage and the scanner position voltage, with a reference potential and a flip-flop responds to the comparator to disable the counter when the summed voltages exceed the reference potential.

Abstract: The invention is an ultrasonic testing device for rapid and complete examination of the test specimen, and is particularly well suited for evaluation of tubular test geometries. A variety of defect categories may be detected and analyzed at one time and their positions accurately located in a single pass down the test specimen.

Abstract: A vibration sensor comprised of a movable body, a permanent magnet coupled to the movable body, and a displacement pulse phase conversion unit including a magnetically soft member carrying an electrical coil thereon and fixedly disposed in the vicinity of the course of movement of the permanent magnet. A pulse voltage is applied to one end of the electrical coil. A voltage drop occurs across a resistor which is connected in series with the other end of the electrical coil. A time lag of the voltage drop with respect to the pulse voltage, representing a vibrational amplitude, is provided in the form of an analog voltage.

Abstract: An elongated actuator pin in a pressure gauge extends from a fixed end to a free end to interact with the amplifier for enabling pivotal motion thereof to translate Bourdon displacement to an output pointer. A clamp slideably mounted on the actuator pin is operatively effective when set at a selected location along the pin length to variably offset the free end of the pin from its longitudinal axis for obtaining correct calibration adjustment of the gauge.