Abstract: A process for producing a continuous multifilament yarn of melt-spinnable, polymeric material comprising simultaneously draw texturing two partially oriented feeder yarn ends having different molecular orientation due to their respective spinning operations, including plying the two yarn ends together, friction texturing and air jet interlacing the resulting composite yarn. Also disclosed is the spun-like continuous multifilament yarn produced by the disclosed process as well as the resulting fabric made from the yarn.

Abstract: The prompt starting of a gas turbine engine is achieved, even when utilizing comparatively poor grade fuel with relatively high viscosity, by modulating the fuel flow between high and low flow rates during the ignition portion of a start schedule. The fuel flow modulation is accomplished by delivering a pulse width modulated control signal to a fuel metering device and modulation is terminated when ignition is verified.

Abstract: A system for supplying secondary air for an emission control system of an internal combustion engine having a catalytic converter. The system comprises a secondary air conduit communicated with an exhaust port of the engine, a reed valve provided in the secondary air conduit for preventing the counterflow. The inlet of the reed valve is communicated with the atmosphere for inducting secondary air into the exhaust passage. A valve is provided for opening the inlet of the reed valve, and a valve actuator for actuating the valve. An engine temperature sensor is provided for producing an output signal when the temperature of the engine is below than a predetermined temperature. An electric circuit is operated in response to the output signal of the engine temperature sensor.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold for a four-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine provided with a turbocharger is disclosed wherein a first exhaust duct and a second exhaust duct are connected to an upper exhaust gas outlet of a turbocharger-mounting flange roughly symmetrically with respect to the center of the turbocharger installing flange. A single third exhaust duct is connected to the lower exhaust gas outlet of the turbocharger-mounting flange. In the exhaust manifold according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively utilize cyclic exhaust gas pressure variation to induce exhaust gas pressure resonance for boosting turbocharger performance.

Abstract: A hydraulic power system having a variable displacement hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor driven by the hydraulic pump for actuating a load, the pump and motor being connected to constitute a closed hydraulic circuit, hydraulic servo for controlling the displacement volume of the pump, and motor stopping device including a brake arrangement adapted to release the motor from a braked condition when a control pressure from a hydraulic fluid source is received.

Abstract: A brake booster (16) includes a housing (26) with a plurality of parallel bores (38, 40, 42). A first piston (50) is disposed in the bore (38), a second piston (56) is disposed in the bore (40) and a valve assembly (74) is disposed in the bore (42) to control communication of fluid pressure to a pair of working chambers (52, 58) within the bores (38, 40). A pair of connecting pins (130, 132) cooperate with a plunger (100) to transmit a reaction force to a vehicle operator.

Abstract: The control valve comprises a member defining an orifice for fluid and a resilient plate arranged to control flow of fluid through the orifice by flexing movement relative to the orifice. The plate may comprise a disc which is freely movable between first and second stops. The plate is arranged to engage the first stop to control fluid flow in one direction through the orifice by said flexing movement and is arranged to engage the second stop to permit relatively greater flow when fluid flows in the opposite direction through the orifice.

Abstract: A combustor system for use with a turbocharged combustion engine comprises a combustor connected for continuous passage of engine exhaust gases. The combustor includes a relatively low pressure fuel injection system for atomizing fuel for combustion in a substantially vitiated atmosphere, and a fuel control system for supplying fuel to the combustor in response to engine operating conditions.

Abstract: The twin exhaust-gas-powered turbines (9, 10) driving intake air compressors (1, 2) for an internal-combustion engine are connected together and mounted on central support brackets (47, 48) by a common turbine discharge housing (20) that deflects the discharge of each turbine separately towards an outlet funnel (24) with the help of a guiding structure that contains a median wall (33). Diffuser horns (31, 32) and hollow central plugs provide, in a short axial distance, for establishing a static pressure for causing the gas to flow with uniform pressure distribution out through the discharge funnel (24). The latter portion of the outflow path is enlarged by side pieces (26, 27) fitting over holes in the central piece (20) of the discharge casing through which the diffuser horns (31, 32) protrude with ample spacing from other components.

Abstract: A magnetic refrigerator comprises a working material radiating heat when a magnetic field is applied thereto and absorbing heat when the magnetic field is removed therefrom, and magnetic coil which is movable for selectively applying or removing the magnetic field to or from the working material. Directional heat pipes are disposed between the working material and an object of cooling, whereby heat from the object of cooling is transmitted to the working material when the working material absorbs the heat, and whereby heat from the working material is prevented from being transmitted to the object of cooling when the working material radiates the heat.

Abstract: Process for the transfer of refrigeration from a cryogen to a heat load via an intermediary fluid utilizing heat exchangers wherein the intermediary fluid is maintained together with an inert gas in a closed loop, which has a defined volume.

Abstract: A cryosorption pump comprises a pump housing; a supply conduit merging into the pump housing for introducing sorption material thereinto; an outlet conduit opening into the pump housing at a location below and spaced from the supply conduit; a plurality of heat conducting wall surfaces disposed in the pump housing; a refrigerator operatively connected to the wall surfaces for cooling them to a cryogenic temperature to which the sorption material situated between the wall surfaces is exposed; a regenerator connected to the outlet and supply conduits for regenerating sorbent-laden sorption material received from the pump housing by means of the outlet conduit and for admitting sorbent-free sorption material into the supply conduit; a first conveyor arranged in the outlet conduit for advancing sorbent-laden sorption material from the pump housing into the regenerator; and a second conveyor arranged in the supply conduit for advancing sorbent-free sorption material from the regenerator into the pump housing.

Abstract: Improved methods and apparatus are provided for drying polish or brightener applied to fingernails. A compact housing is provided with an opening for receiving the hand of the user, and a thermoelectric refrigeration unit is provided within the housing for cooling the air below ambient temperature. Air is recirculated by a fan in a portion of the housing, and a deflector directs the cool air away from the opening and onto the fingernails.

Abstract: In an absorption heat pump capable of bivalent operation, to make possible combined operation in addition to the pure heat pump operation and the pure boiler operation, it is proposed to divide the refrigerant stream after the condenser and the stream of weak solution leaving the boiler, with one component stream of the refrigerant being fed through the refrigerant throttle and the vaporizer to a low-pressure absorber, into which a component stream of the weak solution is introduced through the temperature changer and the solvent throttle, while the other component stream of the refrigerant is fed either directly to the boiler or to a high-pressure absorber, to which the other component stream of the weak solution is fed directly in both cases, and to feed the strong solution from the low-pressure absorber through the temperature changer and/or the reflux condenser to the boiler, but on the other hand to feed the solution from the high-pressure absorber directly to the boiler.

Abstract: The turbocompressor comprises a power turbine (14) and a compressor turbine (16) having respective rotors (18) and (20) on a common shaft (22), rotatably supported by bearings (26) and (28). A first working fluid is supplied by a power loop (32) and is expanded in the turbine (14). A second working fluid is compressed in the turbine (16) and is circulated in a heat pump loop (70). A lubricant is mixed with the second working fluid but is excluded from the first working fluid. Bearings (26) and (28) are cooled and lubricated by a system which circulates the second working fluid and the intermixed lubricant through the bearings (26) and (28). Such system includes a pump (126), a thermostatic expansion valve (150) for expanding the working fluid into the space (152) between the bearings (26) and (28), and a return conduit system (154, 156, 158) for withdrawing the expanded working fluid after it passes through the bearings and for returning the working fluid to the evaporator (82).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of recovering thermal energy from sea water and comparable water masses. Sea water is supplied in a constant or variable flow to a heat exchanger (3) and returned to the sea. A heat carrying medium is pumped simultaneously through the heat exchanger (3) and a supply conduit (7,11) to an evaporator for a per se known heat pump (8) and through a return conduit (12,9) again to the heat exchanger (3). The medium is pumped in a flow exceeding the flow through the evaporator, and a part of the medium is directed from the supply conduit (7) past (10) the evaporator and to the return conduit (9). The sea water flow is of a size at least equal to the medium flow.

Abstract: The ice harvesting machine described herein comprises one in which ice, formed in vertical cylinders, bars or sheets, is periodically thawed sufficiently to allow the ice to slide downward to a perforated endless belt having upwardly extending ribs or protrusions which strike the lower end of the ice and break it into pieces which are carried away by the endless belt. In a preferred modification, this machine comprises one in which cylinders of ice are formed on the inside and outside of two pipes arranged with an annular space between the two pipes, through which annular space a refrigerant, such as freon, is circulated while water is allowed to run down the outside surface of the outer pipe and also down the inside surface of the inner pipe. These streams of water are chilled by the refrigerant in the annular space until an appropriate thickness of cylinders of ice has been formed on the outside and inside surfaces where the water had been running.

Abstract: To obtain optimum heat transfer from a heat source to an absorption refrigeration cycle refrigerant, use is made of a doughnut-shaped generator or refrigerant holding tank and a heat source in the specific form of a reactor, as described and illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 3,217,701, wherein the reactor is located in the central opening of the generator so that the heat which it radiates, which is circumferential in nature, effectively transfers to the refrigerant which is in surrounding relation about the reactor.

Abstract: Knitting machine with at least one needle bed in which knitting tools exhibiting feet are mounted for camming up and camming down, with at least one cam transportable past the feet and influencing the latter, which exhibits at least one cam-down part mounted movably but lockably and unlockably and adjustable as to its cam-down depth, and with a switching apparatus arranged outside the needle bed which exhibits means for unlocking, means for adjusting and means for locking the cam-down part, while the means for adjusting the cam-down depth exhibit an adjustable guide rail intended to slide the cam-down part and a switching device to adjust the guide rail according to pattern before the cam-down part rides up (FIGS. 1 and 6).

Abstract: A rundown detector system for controlling operation of the cylinder of a circular knitting machine includes a photoelectric circuit, including fiber optic means and a sensor for sensing predetermined extended periods of low reflected light level and emitting signals to a logic circuit. The logic circuit includes a timer and counting mechanism for stopping rotation of the machine cylinder if a predetermined number of signals are emitted to the logic circuit within a predetermined time period. The timer mechanism also prevents stopping of the machine cylinder, upon start-up of the machine, until a predetermined amount of knit fabric absent of defects has moved past the sensor.

Abstract: An automatic washer of the present invention for automatically carrying out a series of steps of the washing operation comprises a rotary basket provided with a number of holes which permit liquid supplied to the basket to flow therethrough and holding the material to be washed throughout the washing operation, a tub fixed in a manner to surround the basket, and a spraying device mounted to a tub cover and positioned above the upper opening of the basket. During the dehydration-rinsing or centrifugal rinsing step, fresh water is sprayed from the spraying device into the region along the side wall of the rotary basket.

Abstract: In order to lessen the cost of manufacturing padlocks, the body of the padlock is made of a shell of hardened steel and has two holes in one wall for the reception of the legs of the shackle, a core with corresponding bores for said legs and for a locking mechanism made of a soft alloy, the bores for said legs within the core being partially lined with hardened steel inserts facing the open ends of said shell, said inserts holding said core within said shell. The core may be cast, extruded or may be made by sintering.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a loop follower control system for use in a mechanical press or other machine installation for the purpose of controlling the amount of stock loop between the straightener and the press. An idler arm engages the loop of stock between the straightener and the press, and is connected to an potentiometer to develop a current or voltage proportional to the deviation of the idler arm from the desired position. The control current or voltage developed controls an eddy current drive to increase or decrease the speed of the rollers and straightener depending on the amount of error indicated by the control signal.

Abstract: This invention relates to a swaging machine comprising depth-setting wedges for the use of the machine for recess swaging. These wedges are disposed between each die and the ram for actuating the die and are displaceable parallel to the axis of the machine by means of depth-setting flange, on which said wedges are detachably mounted. The wedges are adapted to be axially inserted into the depth-setting flange so that the large end portion of each wedge is held on said flange, and spring-loaded detent pins are preferably mounted on said flange and adapted to retain said large end portions of said wedges by snapping into detent recesses provided on said large end portions on opposite sides thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatic rear loading of mandrel type tube benders. The bender includes a base, bending head at the forward end of the base, carriage for positioning a tube with respect to the bending head, and a mandrel rod supporting on its front end near the bending head a mandrel. The improvement includes the use of two separate clamps for gripping the mandrel rod with respect to the base, one clamp being located near the rear end of the mandrel rod and the other clamp at an intermediate point on the mandrel rod spaced from the first clamp a distance at least equal to the length of the tubes to be bent. The clamps selectively grasp the mandrel rod, at least one clamp grasping the rod at any given time, to allow a tube to be loaded onto the mandrel rod while another tube is being bent.

Abstract: A device for straightening wire, particularly coiled wire, is disclosed. The device includes at least two banks of rollers that are pivotally mounted with respect to a supporting base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a roller forming machine for converting a flat metal strip into a louver having long, narrow fins that extend lengthwise of the strip and are all bent laterally in one direction oblique to the plane of the strip. The fins are produced by a pair of fin forming rollers which slit the strip and bend out the fins to a larger acute angle to the plane of the strip than is desired in the finished louver. The strip then tends to twist along its length due to asymmetrical residual stresses generated by fin formation. To remove the twist, the strip is passed between cylindrical straightening rollers whereby the fins are bent partway back towards coplanarity with the strip, thus generating new residual stresses which oppose the original ones due to fin forming. One straightening roller is adjustable towards and from the other so that said new residual stresses can be empirically brought into equilibrium with the original ones.

Abstract: In roll arrangements composed of a controlled deflection roll and a counter element the controlled deflection roll is supported by discrete force-applying sources. On the one hand, these force-applying sources are set or adjusted in accordance with a predeterminable mean pressing force and, on the other hand, also can be externally corrected. An external correction also influences the pressing force at the region of neighboring force-applying sources, sometimes in an undesired fashion. According to the invention when there is accomplished an external correction there is acted upon in an opposite sense at least one force-applying source neighboring the externally corrected force-applying source.

Abstract: A method and wire drawing apparatus are disclosed in which rapid cooling of the wire is effected by directly contacting the wire with liquid as it leaves the die and ensuring the wire passes through a bath of coolant while on the block. The bath can be formed against the wire-engaging surface of the block by a cowl.

Abstract: Thin-wall, corrugated pipe having alternating, annular ridges and valleys along its length is bent between a pair of die parts selectively to reform the normal configuration of a valley and change the linear distance between segments of a pair of ridges adjacent said valley thereby to form an incremental bend in the pipe. Thereafter, a predetermined number of incremental bends are formed in consecutive valleys to obtain a desired angle of bend. A radial angle fixture is engaged on one end of the pipe to determine and maintain the radial position of the pipe during the bending of the pipe, and a bend angle protractor is provided to determine precisely the angle to which the pipe is bent. The radial angle fixture further serves to maintain the pipe entering the bending tool perpendicular to the plane of the pair of dies.

Abstract: A swaging machine comprises eccentric-driven swaging rams which are adjustable as regards their stroke position. Each swaging ram comprises a slide track for a transverse guidance of a slide block as in a Scotch yoke. The slide block is rotatably mounted on an associated eccentric. A bearing bushing having an eccentric bearing for mounting the eccentric is rotatably mounted in each of these slide blocks. To permit a simple adjustment of the stroke position of all swaging rams in synchronism even while the machine is in operation, each bearing bushing is provided with a radial adjusting arm and cooperates with an adjusting drive, which is fixedly mounted on the machine. Each adjusting drive comprises an output member, which is transversely adjustable relative to the bearing bushing. Each output member receives a guiding member, which is rotatable on an axis that is parallel to the axis of the associated bearing.

Abstract: A thermal conductivity detector is described in which the temperature of the filament and wall are such as to cause the output signal to be on one side of zero for all mixtures of hydrogen or deuterium in a carrier gas such as helium.

Abstract: A sensor for sensing the presence of oxygen in a test gas mixture comprises either first or second tubes for the separate flow of a measured gas and a gas to be tested for a single tubular arrangement for the successive flow of these two gases in association with a plurality of radio-frequency coils which are connected in an electrical bridge circuit to that they can be balanced in any variation of the inductance measure. Since oxygen in the gas produces a paramagnetism which provides induction variations in the coils of the balancing circuit, the variations of the balancing circuit may be used to sense the proportion of the oxygen content in the gases. With the inventive method the gases are passed into association with the balancing circuit and variations of the test gas from the measured gas are sensed by the circuit balance which is produced by the oxygen which is present in the gas mixtures. Such a sensor may be used for breath protection, diving and medical fields.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring gas transmission through films and membranes comprises upper and lower staging sections with sample sites defined therebetween. The upper and lower staging sections have conduit means therein for communication with sample sites of transmitted gas and carrier gases.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for measuring the shear stress of a viscoelastic fluid wherein the force measured on a plate exerted by the fluid flowing coplanar therewith is measured.

Abstract: A tire cap pressure gauge for mounting upon a tire valve stem and measuring tire pressure has a housing, a manually operated plunger extending axially through the housing, a spring extending about the plunger, a piston biased by the spring and having indicia, and a transparent insert member containing said spring, piston and plunger within the housing and having an internally threaded bore for mounting about the periphery of a threaded valve stem. The housing has multiple windows with indicia proximate thereto for viewing the translational position of the piston through the transparent insert member. Two embodiments show a lightweight, compact and easily assembled pressure measuring cap having sealless construction which utilizes close clearances and sharp corners to minimize leakage airflow. A small but insignificant amount of air leaks past the piston, providing an audible signal that the plunger is sufficiently depressed to provide an adequate pressure reading.

Abstract: A method of logging a subsurface formation surrounding a borehole includes the recording of an induced polarization log, the recording of a nuclear log of delayed gamma rays from the activation of aluminum in the formation, and the recording of a nuclear log of inelastic scattering gamma rays from the activation of iron in the formation. The induced polarization log and the nuclear logs are combined to identify the composition of the lithology of the subsurface formation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for checking the operation of a fluid flow and/or pressure control member with a given and constant flow, wherein the control member is disposed at the outlet of a main fluid circuit connected to a source of pressurized fluid and a bypass circuit at its inlet and having a fluid bleed circuit with an isolation device at its outlet upstream from the control member. The main circuit includes a flow meter, a pressure meter, a progressive volume variation member to enable the pressure in the main circuit to be varied gradually and without fluctuations, and isolation devices for isolating the volume variation member from the control member and for isolating the inlet of the main circuit from the fluid source and the bypass circuit.

Abstract: Metering and related control of fluid flow are achieved both accurately and at high response speed by way of a unique sequencing of thermal exchanges with the fluid under closely-regulated and inter-dependent thermal conditions. The flowing fluid is first conditioned by being raised to a temperature above its highest anticipated ambient, preferably by way of a temperature-sensitive electrical heater resistance which is part of an exceptional self-balancing bridge and control-loop network, and the conditioned fluid is then similarly increased to yet higher temperature, with measurements related to energy involved in producing the second temperature increase being used to characterize the flow.

Abstract: A steering console for tractors providing digital readout displays activated by a keyboard strategically located within easy finger reach of the operator. A multitude of vital tractor functions are automatically continuously monitored and, simply by touch of appropriate colored switch pads on the keyboard, the operator at will changes the digital displays to the different functions he desires to read. In one preferred embodiment thereof, my invention forms part of a unitary tilt-telescope steering wheel arrangement and displays dual digital readouts, such as of the ground speed and engine speed for being viewed for comparison side by side and simultaneously in the console.

Abstract: A procedure for determining the magnitude and angular position of the unbalance of a rotor is described together with an apparatus for accomplishing same. A series of impulses are generated as the rotor rotates, and these impulses relate to the periphery of the rotor. When the unbalance is determined the particular impulse number at the time of that determination is noted, and such impulse is representative of a particular point on the periphery of the rotor.

Abstract: A shaft vibration evaluator employs measured displacement of a shaft in the vicinity of a bearing together with known or measured shaft eccentricity to calculate the dynamic bearing load so that damaging loads can be avoided. Shaft vibration or motion is assumed to be elliptical having major and minor axes which are inclined at angles with respect to the bearing displacement sensors. The magnitude of the major and minor axes and the angular displacement are calculated from the measured parameters and provide one set of inputs to the load calculator. Bearing eccentricity can be calculated from a knowledge of shaft speed, lubricant temperature and known bearing geometry. For a given eccentricity, a set of four damping coefficients and four spring coefficients of the bearing may be derived. These coefficients are the remaining inputs to the dynamic load calculator.

Abstract: A monitoring apparatus for pressure sensitive devices is provided which detects the operating state of the monitored device, and which is designed to provide a reliable output even when operated in hostile, corrosive environments. The monitoring apparatus preferably includes a light source for transmitting a beam of light along a path of travel proximal to the monitored device, a light detector for detecting the light beam, and a member for adjusting the path of travel of the light beam in response to the actuation of the pressure sensitive device. Several alternative embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: An extensometer readout circuit conditions a strain information signal, representing strain of a specimen being tested, in such a way that yield point measurements and final elongation measurements of such specimen may be concurrently obtained. The strain information signal is provided by subjecting the specimen to a tensile or compression test by any conventional means known in the prior art. The strain information signal is first applied to a preamplifier. The preamplified strain information signal is then concurrently applied to both a high gain amplifier and a low gain amplifier. The signal obtained from the high gain amplifier is used for performing modulus calculations and for obtaining yield point measurements. The signal obtained from the low gain amplifier is used to obtain the total elongation measurement.

Abstract: A vortex flowmeter utilizes a bluff body which has three sections: An upstream head member, an intermediate section co-extensive with the head member, having a width less than that of the head member, and a tail section having a width greater than the intermediate section but less than the head section. A differential pressure sensor is mounted in the intermediate section. For different pipe sizes the head member and tail section are varied but the intermediate section width is maintained constant. This allows interchangeability of the pressure sensor in the intermediate section.

Abstract: According to the head space method, samples are supplied from sealed sample vessels by means of a needle. A change-over valve, an optionally higher or reduced carrier gas pressure is applied to a carrier gas conduit comprising a shut-off valve and terminating between the needle and entrance of the separating column. This enables a defined sample feeding and analysis by an optimum carrier gas pressure even with volatile samples.

Abstract: A device for the non-contacting dosing or metering of liquids, designed as a dosing syringe, comprises a piston centrally disposed within a sleeve, with a spring surrounding the piston. The spring bears against an upper end of a barrel within which the piston reciprocates and which is surrounded by the lower end of the sleeve. The outside of the barrel is formed with stroke-limiting abutments.

Abstract: A universal joint hinge assembly for a tuned rotor gyroscope is insensitive to restraint changes due to spin axes accelerations. The hinge assembly is readily trimmable at the gyroscope wheel assembly to permit adjusting of the axial compliance of the gyroscope wheel thereby reducing the rectified torques due to linear acceleration.

Abstract: A two-axis gyroscope in which precession may be effected by application of a DC current to the stationary precession windings. The rotor assembly has a pair of ring-shaped permanent magnets with their magnetic vectors aligned parallel with the gyro spin axis. This structure presents a magnetic field to the precession windings which does not change as the rotor assembly rotates. Thus the gyroscope may be precessed by application of a DC current to the precession windings. The precession windings are located along two orthogonal axes to allow precession of the gyro in two orthogonal directions.

Abstract: A push-button type tuning apparatus comprises a frame consisting of a front side plate part, a rear side plate part, right and left side plate parts, and a bottom plate part, a coil case fixedly provided on the frame, a plurality of guiding members at least having one end fixed to the front side plate part of the frame and extending towards the rear side plate part, a slider capable of sliding under the guide of said guiding members provided on the guiding members, a rotatable member axially supported at both side plate parts in a rotatable state, and a plurality of push-button assemblies arranged and provided in the frame. The frame is formed from a single plate member by unitarily bending the front and rear side plate parts and the right and left side plate parts at four sides of the bottom plate part.