Abstract: An exhaust manifold device for an engine including at least one pair of cylinders arranged substantially in the form of a V and a turbosupercharger driven with exhaust gases of the cylinders to supply compressed air thereto. The exhaust manifold device comprises a pair of exhaust gas inlet members for receiving the exhaust gases, the inlet members being connected integrally with either of the cylinders, a pair of communication members for conducting the exhaust gases, the communication members having the longitudinal lengths thereof variable and either ends thereof connected with either of the inlet members, and an exhaust gas collecting member for collecting the exhaust gases to supply same to the turbosupercharger, the collecting member being connected with the respective other ends of the communication members.In hot temperature operation, the thermal expansion of the exhaust manifold device can be effectively absorbed, thus eliminating undue stresses.

Abstract: Water is raised from a lower to a higher level by creating an air/water-droplet environment which is effective to establish a pressure head that imparts an upward velocity to the air in excess of the downward drift velocity of the droplets whereby the latter are carried upwardly by the air. Such an environment is created by introducing droplets of relatively warm water into relatively cool air at the lower end of a vertically oriented lift tower thereby heating the air which rises in the lift tower with a velocity sufficient to carry the droplets to the upper end of the lift tower. By directing the flow at the upper end of the lift tower toward the horizontal, the upwardly directed velocity component of the droplets is lost and they follow a ballistic path into a reservoir from which water is returned to the lower level through a hydraulic turbine.

Abstract: In a method for the generation of heat using a heat pump in which a heat carrier fluid is heated by a heat exchanger and compressed with temperature increase in a subsequent compressor, heat is delivered therefrom to a heat-admitting process; the fluid is then expanded in a gas turbine, producing work, and afterwards its residual heat is delivered to a thermal power process, the maximum temperature of the energy sources of which, that provide work for the compressor, lies below the temperature of heat delivery. The main heat source can consist of an exothermic chemical or nuclear reaction and the heat-admitting process can be a coal gasification process. The work in the compressor is furnished essentially by the gas turbine and the thermal power process.

Abstract: An improved combustor basket for a land-based combustion turbine comprises a plurality of ring segments joined in telescoping fashion to form a constant diameter basket, the downstream end of each ring segment having an extended lip for improved film cooling of the interior surface of the ring segments, a combustor dome adjoining the upstream end of the combustor basket and having an interior splash plate directing a cooling air film along the interior surface of the dome wall, fuel injecting means, and oval-shaped scoops for directing the flow of compressed air into the combustion zone. Each ring segment, excluding the first, comprises an upstream cylindrical section, a conical section, and a downstream cylindrical section, which geometrical arrangement permits construction of a constant diameter combustor basket. The combined improvements of the present combustor basket result in more efficient and complete combustion, which results in the production of less smoke.

Abstract: A refrigerator has a cold producer with a pneumatically-operated displacer for displacing a working, cold-producing gas. The pneumatic and working gas-supply control is separate from the cold producer and connected thereto by tubes having volumes less than the maximum volumes of the portions of the chamber supplied thereby.

Abstract: A split Stirling refrigerator includes a pneumatically driven displacer, the displacer is driven substantially through an entire stroke by the pressure differential across a piston element extending from the displacer. A small linear trimming motor is provided to assure proper phasing of the displacer movement with the refrigerator pressure wave, to prevent overstroke, and to assure complete stroke of the displacer.

Abstract: A process is described for the separation of an off-gas from a synthetic fuels production process, such as oil shale retorting, coal gasification, oxygen fireflooding or carbon dioxide miscible flood enhanced oil recovery, into an essentially sulfur-free, light fuel gas and a sulfur containing carbon dioxide gas. The off-gas is contacted with methanol to remove the sulfur containing gases and is then cooled to separate out a light fuel gas from a predominantly carbon dioxide gas. The carbon dioxide gas is again contacted with the same methanol to scrub the latter of sulfur-containing gas and reabsorb the sulfur onto the carbon dioxide gas. The carbon dioxide gas can then be recycled to the synthetic fuels production process with deposition of the sulfur therein or the gas can be delivered for export with downstream sulfur treatment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for filling a portable cryogenic liquid cylinder from a large stand tank. The invention employs a regulator valve to perform an automatic throttling function whereby the pressure in the liquid cylinder is maintained at a value slightly lower than the upstream pressure in the stand tank. This significantly reduces filling losses due to flashing.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuous pumping using cycling cyropumping panels. A plurality of liquid helium cooled panels are surrounded by movable nitrogen cooled panels the alternatively expose or shield the helium cooled panels from the space being pumped. Gases condense on exposed helium cooled panels until the nitrogen cooled panels are positioned to isolate the helium cooled panels. The helium cooled panels are incrementally warmed, causing captured gases to accumulate at the base of the panels, where an independent pump removes the gases. After the helium cooled panels are substantially cleaned of condensate, the nitrogen cooled panels are positioned to expose the helium cooled panels to the space being pumped.

Abstract: In the manufacture of moulds or mould cores, refractory sand, a resin binder and a catalyst are passed into a mixer to form a freeflowing mixture from which the moulds or mould cores are made. As the sand is fed into the mixer it is cooled by contact with an atmospheric gas in liquid or solid state or the cold vapour of such a gas so as to keep the temperature of the sand as it enters the mixer below that at which the resin cures. To enable the sand to be delivered below a chosen temperature from a quarry to a foundry where the sand is used, the sand after quarrying and drying is fluidized by air, an atmospheric gas in liquid or solid state being introduced into the fluidizing air so as to lower its temperature.

Abstract: Products to be frozen are conveyed through an insulated horizontal tunnel having a plurality of individual cooling zones, each equipped with a radial fan rotating in a horizontal plane. Cryogenic liquid refrigerant is sprayed into one or more of the cooling zones in the central region of the tunnel, upwardly into the rotating fans and the thus vaporized refrigerant caused to flow in a downward direction in a recirculating pattern into contact with the conveyed products by vertical partitions between contiguous zones. The vaporized refrigerant flows from the supercold zone of liquid introduction beneath the edges of the partitions in two directions, outwardly towards the opposite ends of the tunnel in substantially equal amounts.

Abstract: This invention relates to a highly efficient refrigeration system and process, driven by low-grade heat and operated at pressures substantially below atmospheric, which provides cooling at temperatures generally within the range from about -12.degree. to about +15.degree. C. Solutions of normally liquid, mutually soluble compounds, having substantially different boiling points, are employed as refrigerant and absorbent. Typically, the absorbent comprises a distillation bottoms fraction containing from about 65 to about 95 mol. % of the higher-boiling compound and the refrigerant comprises a distillation overhead fraction containing from about 93 to about 99 mol. % of the lower-boiling compound. Multi-effect modes may be employed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a highly efficient refrigeration system and process, employing two absorption refrigeration cycles in series operation, the first cycle comprising an ammonia-aqueous ammonia system and the second cycle comprising a novel absorption system and process, driven by low-grade heat and operated at pressures substantially below atmospheric, which provides cooling at temperatures as low as about -12.degree. C. to about +15.degree. C. Solutions of normally liquid, mutually soluble compounds, having substantially different boiling points, are employed as refrigerant and absorbent. Typically, the absorbent comprises a distillation bottoms fraction containing from about 65 to about 95 mole % of the higher-boiling compound and the refrigerant comprises a distillation overhead fraction containing from about 93 to about 99 mol. % of the lower-boiling compound. Heat pumped up in the first ammonia cycle is absorbed in the second cycle by refrigerant at the coolant temperature achieved therein.

Abstract: A vapor compression refrigeration system with a tube in shell subcooler for use in low temperature cooling applications such as in a brine chilling application is disclosed. The subcooler has a drain system for draining liquid refrigerant from the shell side of the subcooler at shutdown of the refrigeration system to prevent undesirable amounts of water from freezing in the tubes of the subcooler after shutdown of the refrigeration system.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating the ice crystals contained in a slurry of an eous solution and ice crystals from the aqueous solution and washing the ice crystals with an aqueous wash liquid, whereby a packed bed of ice crystals is created which is subjected to a continuous translatory movement, while a washfront is being created within the packed bed of ice crystals between the aqueous solution and the aqueous wash liquid, the aqueous solution and aqueous wash liquid adjacent to the washfront being substantially stagnant, a stable washfront being created lying in a plane perpendicular to the translatory movement of the packed bed of ice crystals.

Abstract: The invention presented herein provides an improved method for controlling the blowdown of recirculating water for an industrial cooling system or the like, in direct proportion to the heat load on refrigeration systems. A temperature probe is positioned in the recirculating water which is in communication with a blowdown valve. As the heat load on the system increases the temperature of the cooling water increases and the blowdown valve is then regulated to release more of the circulating water. Additional makeup water and chemicals may be also supplied to the cooling system to maintain a proper chemical balance.In the preferred embodiment of the invention the probe is positioned between the refrigerant condenser and the cooling tower in the circulating water system. Appropriate chemical feed systems and makeup water can be regulated to function in relation to the amount of blowdown to insure that the desired chemical balance is maintained.

Abstract: A refrigeration apparatus having an ice making mechanism disposed in a refrigerated space and including an ice harvesting mechanism. The mechanism includes a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the refrigerated space for controlling operation of the refrigeration apparatus. A control is provided for selectively causing operation of the ice harvesting mechanism alternatively as a function of total clock time from a preceding ice harvesting cycle, or as a function of an accumulated time of operation of the refrigeration apparatus as controlled by the thermostat. In one form, a manually controlled selector switch is provided. In another form, the selector switch is automatically controlled by the setting of the refrigeration apparatus thermostat. In another form, the selector switch is made to be automatically responsive to a temperature condition within the refrigeration apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air conditioner for cooling electrical parts which are situated in a cabinet. A coolant circulation consisting of evaporator, condenser and compressor is provided. The air heated by the electrical parts is blown past the evaporator inside a housing and is returned into the cabinet to be cooled. A condenser is provided for heat dissipation. The housing of the air conditioner is subdivided into a first area and into a second area by a wall, whereby the wall seals the respective air streams from one another. All components sensitive to dirt, dust, etc. are accommodated in the first area, whereas the condenser and an aerator are situated in the second area.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air conditioning device comprising a housing, a refrigerator, and a condensate disposing device comprising an electric switch for controlling the operation of the refrigerator, a condensate tank for receiving condensate delivered from the refrigerator, a float swingably secured to the condensate tank for controlling the operation of the switch according to the quantity of a condensate stored in the tank, and a tank holding box secured to the housing, with the electric switch being secured to an extended part of one side wall of the tank holding box for assuring a constant operation of the electric switch. The bottom walls of the condensate tank and the tank holding box are both tapered downwardly toward a condensate tank removed side for facilitating the insertion of the condensate tank into the tank holding box.

Abstract: A refrigeration system including a scroll type compressor having a stationary scroll member, an orbiting scroll member, a discharge port formed in the central portion of the end plate of the fixed scroll member, a suction port formed in a peripheral portion of the fixed scroll member, and at least one gas injection port formed through the thickness of an end plate of the fixed scroll member in a portion of the end plate near the spiral wrap, at a position spaced from the wall of the spiral wrap by a radial distance less than the thickness of the spiral wrap. A discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port, with a suction pipe being connected to the suction port. A refrigerant circuit is connected between the suction pipe and the discharge pipe of the scroll type compressor and includes a four-way valve, indoor heat exchanger, first pressure reducer, gas-liquid separator, second pressure reducer and an outdoor heat exchanger.

Abstract: A multi-effect heat pump comprises at least three pairs of exchange units A, B; C, D; E, F, i.e. units which operate as generator, condenser, evaporator or absorber in at least two interconnected heat-pump circuits. Each pair operates in a different pressure range and the exchange units of each pressure range operate in different temperature ranges. An exchange unit (B) operating as condenser in an upper pressure range is adapted to deliver heat of condensation to a first exchange unit (C) operating as a second generator in a medium pressure range, and a second exchange unit (E) operating as absorber in a lower pressure range is adapted to deliver heat of absorption to a second exchange unit (D) operating in said medium pressure range. Means (84, 160, 166) are provided for selectively enabling and disabling alternatively the transfer of heat to said first exchange unit (C) or to said second exchange unit (D) to adapt the operation of the heat pump to varying conditions and demands.

Abstract: A design arrangement for a knitting machine having a needle bed with a plurality of needles includes a plurality of carriages movable along a needle bed, a design wheel arranged on each of the carriages, a plurality of plate bars arranged on each of the design wheels in correspondence with a pitch of needles for actuating the latter and movable between a plurality of selectable positions, a selector and a time signal generator arranged on each of the carriages with the selector provided with a plurality of staggered selection pieces which are electromechanically bringable into two positions and cooperate with feet of plate bars to select the latter, a movable information storage which is moved by the carriages and an immovable storage arranged to supply information to the selectors so as to actuate the latter, and an arresting disk provided with a wedge which extends over substantially half of its periphery and with a counter guide so as to arrest the plate bars upon their selection by the selection pieces an

Abstract: A support assembly for a washing machine includes a mount secured to the assemblage of working parts of the machine and adapted to move with the assemblage during operation of the machine and a cabinet structure enclosing the assemblage of working parts and having a base. An intermediate member is positioned between the mount and the base for movably supporting the mount and the assemblage of moving parts from the base. The base and intermediate member are formed with a first set of mating support surfaces for sliding movement therebetween and the mount and the intermediate member are formed with a second set of mating support surfaces for sliding movement therebetween. One set of the support surfaces is smoothly curved with a relatively short radius of curvature to form a first node for movement of the mount and the other set of support surfaces is smoothly curved with a relatively long radius of curvature to form a second node for movement of the mount.

Abstract: Door-barring lock apparatus has a bar member rotatably mounted to the wall near the doorway. When in a transverse or generally horizontal position, this bar member projects into the doorway for engaging the inside of the door near the opposite margin from the hinges for advantageously, positively barring the door against opening inwardly. By manipulation of a handle located inside of the building near the bar member, a person inside of the building can de-couple the bar from a locking rod extending through the wall to the outside of the building. Such de-coupling enables the person inside of the building to rotate the bar into an upright position for freeing the door to allow the door to be opened, regardless of whether this rod is locked against rotation. A lock assembly accessible from the outside of the building normally serves to lock the rod against rotation for normally locking the bar member in its transverse door-barring position.

Abstract: A housing for receiving a lock of the so-called "barrel-lock" type for locking the hinged cover of an electric meter box or the like. The housing comprises a support block for attachment to the meter box, and a housing hinged to the block. The housing carries a meter box cover retainer which, when the housing is in the closed condition, extends in front of the cover to prevent it from being opened. Also when the housing is in the closed condition, the housing and the support block have aligned apertures to receive a lock of the "barrel-lock" type.

Abstract: A device for protecting the navigational instruments and radio equipment mounted on an instrument panel in the cockpit of an aircraft against theft. The device includes a protective cover mounted immediately adjacent the instrument panel and means for locking the potective cover to the control column of the aircraft in a manner such that the aircraft controls will not be damaged in the event that the protective cover is tampered with.

Abstract: A key holder comprising an elongated cylindrical handle, having one or more annular ridges and a key retainer at one end of the handle for holding keys.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for restraightening depending bent metal end skirts of cylindrical containers, such as beer kegs, wherein the containers moving in a path of travel for processing are automatically interrogated by sensing heads which engage the rims of the normally circular end skirts of the containers to detect the presence or absence of a bent portion thereof. Containers having detected bent skirt portions are directed from the main processing path to a skirt straightening station where the ends of the container are supported in retaining rings of upper and lower straightening heads while arcuately spaced pry levers, or paws, located centrally in each retaining ring move radially outward from a central nested position to engage inwardly bent skirt portions of the container to lift and push the same outwardly into a circular configuration. The container is rotated in the rings between engagements by the paws to bring all portions of the skirts into position for straightening.

Abstract: A clean cold strip is produced by injecting at a high pressure a rolling mill lubricant emulsion of a low concentration to both the sides of a strip at the last stand of a rolling mill, thereby removing oil and metal dust therefrom, charging the cold strip as rolled into a box annealing furnace, mixing water steam with an atmospheric gas of the annealing furnace consisting mainly of nitrogen and hydrogen, and adjusting the dew point of the gas within the furnace to 0.degree.-10.degree. C.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating the surface of a dental inlay for a tooth has a cup enclosure with a restricted opening therein. A hollow stem is slidably received in the cup and releasably held in a chosen position. An inlay holder is at the end of the stem within the cup enclosure and in the path of a stream of grit particles projected from the reservoir through a nozzle extending through the opening into proximity with the inlay holder.

Abstract: A machine is disclosed which will test an elongated round cross-section workpiece by bending the workpiece as it is rotated to determine if a breakable area such as a welded area will break. Broken workpieces are discarded but those testing satisfactorily proceed through the machine for a straightening operation to straighten the entire workpiece, including the breakable area. The above description is merely one form of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting on the scope of the invention.

Abstract: An indirect extrusion press has a die and die holder 20 and a sealing plate to close the billet carrier. After extrusion, a one-piece or two-part holding sleeve is placed between the sealing plate and the sealing stem and the latter is advanced to push the billet carrier over the die stem thereby expelling the sealing plate, the butt end of the billet, and the die holder into the sleeve. A shearing device then shears off the sealing plate and butt end, the second part of the holding sleeve moving aside with the sealing plate and butt end in it. The die holder is clamped in the holding sleeve which is pulled away from the billet carrier to separate the die from the extruded product. In the case of a one-piece holding sleeve, a transverse aperture is provided to allow the shearing operation.

Abstract: A pipe straightening tool that includes an operating unit that can be inserted forwardly in a pipe as far as needed by use of detachable handle extensions. The unit includes an elongated lower segment and a parallel upper segment thereabove having a nose segment pivoted at its forward end for movement of the forward tapered end of the nose segment toward and away from the tapered forward end of the lower segment. The upper unit is movable toward and away from the lower segment on operation of a pair of connecting toggle linkages having a common actuator. A hydraulic cylinder unit is disposed between and connected to the actuator and another toggle linkage connecting the lower and nose segments so that extension of hydraulic cylinder unit concurrently urges upward movement of both the upper segment and the nose segment. All the segments present outwardly facing surfaces that are conformable to cylindrical surfaces. Boots can be attached to the segments to increase the effectiveness of the tool for larger pipe.

Abstract: A small press or cutting die assembly includes a small prime mover and suitable reduction gearing for driving an eccentric cam. A rockable lever bears on the cam either directly or through intermediate means, the lever being used to drive the pressing or cutting die assembly which is connected through shafts to the rocking lever and a stationary reaction member, respectively.

Abstract: The mandrel is a high strength mandrel for bending tubing that is easily assembled in uniform pitch or multiple pitch ring spacing or combination of each embodiments. It is a mandrel with ring segments pivoting about their own center with the ring string flexible in any direction or multiple directions simultaneously. The mandrel has a detent structure tending to hold the ring string straight during loading of the tube over the mandrel using two detent balls and one spring in each ring ball segment in a mandrel linkage design absorbing, generally, the total flex angle within the first two links thereby allowing a larger link diameter for greater mandrel strength. The individual ring ball segments rotate about the centerline of the mandrel to effectively distribute wear around the circumference of each ring segment.

Abstract: A probe for testing ultrasound transducers is described. The probe is made of a body of material which absorbs ultrasound. There is a conical opening in the body, and a spherical transducer is mounted in the wider opening at the base of the conical opening. When the probe is used as a surface probe, a transducer undergoing tests is placed at the opening at the apex of the cone. Typically the conical opening is filled with a fluid which simulates the absorption qualities of the material with which the tested transducer will ultimately be used. For example, the transducer undergoing the test will be used with human body tissue, so a fluid such as water or light mineral oil would typically fill the cone-shaped opening. The present invention can also be used as a hydrophone, because of the manner in which it generates, or senses, pressure waves at a point in space.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in calibrating a meter having an outer tubular housing closed at each end, a reduced diameter and reduced length inner tubular barrel supported within the outer house providing an annular space between the exterior of the barrel and the interior of the housings, two spaced apart ports in the housing communicating with the annular area, an annular flange secured to the interior wall of the housing having an opening therein receiving the barrel and an annular flange between the exterior of the barrel and the interior of the housing--dividing the annular space into two portions, the annular flange being arranged so that the barrel may be easily and expeditiously removed while ensuring that no leakage occurs past the flange, a free piston in the barrel and piston detection switches spaced apart on the barrel providing means of indicating passage of precise amount of gas or liquid through the barrel.

Abstract: A two stage process for interrogating a detector of the concentration of combustible gas in an atmosphere. In a first stage, the detector is supplied with a low voltage and the supply is cut and an optional alarm is sounded if a positive signal has been detected. In a second stage, if the signal detected in the first stage is negative or zero, then the detector is supplied with a second, higher voltage. The signal is compared to a predetermined range and, if not within that range, an optional alarm is sounded. A device to apply the process comprising a detector, an amplifier of the signal issued by the detector, a voltage reducing circuit, and a switch that controls the voltage reducing circuit slaved by a discriminator to the sign and/or to the maximum amplitude of the signal output by the amplifier. Application of the process and device to the detection of the concentration of methane.

Abstract: A pollen counter comprising an open-ended tube forming a path through which air can flow from one end to the other and having a fan inside the tubular member for causing air to flow at a desired rate through the tube and past a glass slide mounted within the tube and positioned to have pollen grains deposited on an edge as air flows through the tube.

Abstract: A fuel efficiency monitor (10) for a tractor for agricultural use includes sensors (22, 24) for detecting engine operating conditions, an engine map means (38, 42) for correlating efficiency to the engine operating parameters, and a display (14) to display an indication of efficiency to the tractor operator.

Abstract: The absolute intake manifold pneumatic pressure and the atmospheric pressure are selectively detected by a single absolute pneumatic pressure sensor, and the relative intake manifold pneumatic pressure is calculated from the detected values. The detection of the atmospheric pressure by the sensor is carried out only when the engine is operated under a predetermined operating condition.

Abstract: Oil mist detecting apparatus comprises a measuring chamber which receives air, and oil mist if present, from an engine compartment. The apparatus includes a radiation source which emits light into the measuring chamber, and the radiation sensor which is so disposed as to receive light scattered by oil mist in the chamber. A second radiation source is preferably provided for testing purposes, the second source being arranged to emit radiation directly to the sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing vehicle wheels with tires and wheel hubs. A frame as an axle supporting a wheel. An annular wheel contact member surrounds the wheel and is engaged by the wheel in surface-to-surface contact. The frame is loaded by a variable or constant load to cause deflection of the axle which supports the wheel. The force condition imposed on the frame thus arises as a reaction force at the wheel when it is deflected into engagement with the wheel contact member. A drive means rotates the wheel contact member while the wheel is forceably engaged with the wheel contact member to simulate operating conditions. The apparatus can also be used to test two wheels in tandem arrangement, as well as for individual component testing of the wheel hub, hub bearings and wheel bolts.

Abstract: An improvement in a tire manufacturing system including means for testing the extent of sidewall deformation of a tire. The tire is rotated and measured for lateral runout of both sidewalls. The resulting data is converted to digital form and analyzed by groups in order to increase the accuracy by which unacceptable sidewall bulges and valleys are detected.

Abstract: This invention is a wind tunnel model mount system (10) for effectively and accurately determining the effects of angle of attack and airstream velocity on a model airfoil or aircraft. The model mount system includes a rigid model (30) attached to a splitter plate (11) which is supported away from the wind tunnel wall (20) by a plurality of flexible rods (12). Conventional instrumentation (21) is employed to effect model rotation through turntable (13) and to record model (30) flutter data as a function of the angle of attack versus dynamic pressure.

Abstract: A borehole gravimety system employs a pair of pressure transducers for lowering into a borehole along with a borehole gravity meter. The pressure transducers are spaced apart vertically within a pressure sonde for producing a pressure differential measurement of the wellbore fluid. A pressure differential measurement and a gravity reading is taken for each of a plurality of vertical locations within the borehole as the borehole gravimetry system is advanced through the borehole.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for measuring the flow of high temperature fluid through a main line. A shunt path diverts a portion of the fluid flowing in the main line. The shunt path is so designed as to thermally isolate a flowmeter positioned in the shunt path from the transfer of heat from the main line. The flowmeter produces an output signal. This signal, and one produced by a temperature sensor in the main line, are applied to a correction circuit which produces an output indicating the actual flow of fluid in the main line.

Abstract: A method for measuring the flow rate of fluid such as liquified petroleum gas fuel for an automobile fuel. A signal of the fluid flow rate and a signal of the fluid temperature are produced by using the signals from an electric heater and a first, second, and third temperature-dependent resistors in a signal processing circuit. The produced signals are supplied to a computer circuit to carry out modification, linearization, and multiplication by a conversion constant for linearization which is corrected regarding temperature characteristic. The result of calculation in the computer circuit is displayed on a display device.

Abstract: A radiator cap having an outer shell and a pressure vacuum valve assembly for closing the filler neck of a radiator includes a probe for detecting the coolant level in the radiator. The probe projects from the cap into the radiator interior and is electrically isolated from the radiator. An electrical connection is provided through the shell to connect the probe to a power source and indicator.

Abstract: A smoke detector containing at least one smoke measuring chamber which possesses a mounting or socket plate having an upper surface intended to be mounted at the ceiling of a room or other appropriate area to be monitored and a housing enclosing the smoke measuring chamber and suspendingly secured at the socket plate. The housing possesses openings for the entry of the ambient air into the smoke measuring chamber. The smoke detector comprises a manually adjustable device by means of which it is possible to change the air entry opening in a manner such that the smoke detector can be accommodated to different environmental or ambient conditions, especially those containing different quantities of dust and other contaminants. A hood ring member, movably supported at the inside of a sleeve member of the smoke detector, can be selectively displaced in order to change the air entry openings.