Abstract: An apparatus for heating or cooling physiological fluids, such as whole blood and blood plasma, or liquids which are used in the treatment of such physiological fluids, wherein at least one thermoelectric device is used for the heating or cooling.

Abstract: A product such as ground meat is efficiently chilled in a blender device having an open top. Liquid carbon dioxide is introduced into the blender at a location below the surface of the product to thereby form solid and gaseous CO.sub.2. Mixing elements such as a ribbon screw or the like are operated to pass the product in a countercurrent relation to the carbon dioxide introduced into the blender thereby chilling the product and causing the resulting CO.sub.2 gas to rise along one wall of the blender. Deflector means are provided along such wall to direct the rising vapor toward an exhaust plenum located above the open top of the blender.

Abstract: A method for rapidly cooling heated surfaces by spraying a low volume liquid stream without foam onto a heated surface which not only conserves the volume of fluid used, but also more quickly cools the heated surface compared to conventionally used water systems. The method of this invention uses a composition formed from a concentrate comprising one or more nonionic surfactants having a combined cloud point of 68.degree. F.-212.degree. F. and sufficient water to form a concentrate solution of not greater than 30% by weight of the surfactant. The ultimate heated surface cooling composition is formed from the concentrate to be passed through a conventional pump with not greater than 0.2% by volume of the surfactant in order not to cause undesirable foaming or cavitation of the pump due to the low concentration of the surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a self-contained refrigerant recovery and purification system capable of removing gaseous refrigerants from a disabled refrigeration unit for cleaning acid and impurities from the refrigerant so that the refrigerant can be reused or saved rather than being lost to the atmosphere or otherwise wasted. In addition to the feature of saving, cleaning and returning the refrigerant to the repaired refrigeration unit, the present invention can be used as a temporary condensing unit, or for clearing oil restrictions from lines in the refrigeration unit with a high-pressure build-up feature, or as a vacuum pump.

Abstract: A dual temperature refrigeration system which includes a first and second evaporator coil which chills water and freezes water within a tank for producing carbonated water. A restrictor tube is connected between the first evaporator coil and the second evaporator coil for reducing the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the second evaporator coil. When the demand occurs for chilled water, a switch provided in a by-pass conduit extending around the second evaporator coil is opened, permitting the refrigerant to by-pass the second coil which is used for producing an ice bank in the carbonator.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus has a compressor, a condenser connected to the discharge side of the compressor, an evaporator connected to the suction side of the compressor, a decompressor connected between the condenser and evaporator, and a valve of a pressure responsive type. The valve includes a housing having a chamber, and a valve piston slidably received in the chamber. The suction side of the compressor is connected to the chamber through a first communication port of the housing and the discharge side of the evaporator is connected to the chamber through a second communication port of the housing. The discharge side of the condenser is connected to the chamber through a first guide port of the housing and the discharge side of the decompressor is connected to the chamber through a second guide port of the housing.

Abstract: A refrigeration system for use in an automotive air conditioning system has a vane type variable displacement refrigerant compressor drivingly connectable by an electromagnetic clutch to an automotive engine and a refrigerant evaporator through which air is caused to flow by a blower. The compressor is provided with one or two unloading ports for releasing the refrigerant being compressed and with a valve member or members associated with the unloading port or ports. The air temperature just downstream of the evaporator is detected by a sensor which emits a signal to an electric circuit for actuating the valve member or members so that the unloading port or ports are selectively opened to vary the compressor displacement to provide a multistage compressor displacement control. The electric circuit is also operative to control the electromagnetic clutch to selectively connect and disconnect the compressor to and from the engine.

Abstract: A fluid flowing under pressure from a source powers a thermal energy accumulation means which accumulates thermal energy in a controlled volume through which the fluid flows. The device comprises a heat engine and heat exchanger working in combination to extract thermal energy from fluid leaving the controlled volume and supply it to that flowing to the controlled volume in a manner such that the fluid leaves with less thermal energy than when initially supplied from its source.

Abstract: An absorption cooling and heating system including a generator, a condenser, a subcooler, an evaporator, an absorber and an absorption heat exchanger, wherein the generator includes a container of a shape in which the liquid level of a solution contained therein has, in a vertical cross section, a horizontal length greater than the maximum depth of the solution and which has a heating source at one end thereof and an inlet port of a rich solution opening at the other end thereof. The generator includes a poor solution passage mounted in the container which extends through the solution in the container and opens at the one end of the generator to allow take-out of the poor solution to be achieved.

Abstract: An apparatus using refrigeration for separating gases which liquify and separate at reduced temperatures from natural gas which remains gaseous at such reduced temperatures having a 1st inlet for delivering the gas to be separated into a pre-cool transfer vessel for transferring the heat from the gases to be separated as they are passed therethrough, a 1st outlet connected to the pre-cool transfer tube for discharging the gases to be separated; a 2nd inlet for delivering gases at reduced temperatures; a flow way container connected to the 2nd inlet for receiving gases at reduced temperatures and positioned about the pre-cooled transfer vessel for the gases at reduced temperatures to be in non-contacting conductive relationship for the transfer of heat from the gases to be separated in the pre-cool transfer tube.

Abstract: This invention concerns a home knitting machine comprising at least one straight needle bed member provided with grooves slidably receiving the knitting needles, a carriage which is movable on the needle bed member and which is provide with selection units and cam tracks for actuating and displacing the needles of the needle bed member, a programming installation comprising reading means which are electrically connected to the selection units and which are relatively movable with respect to a program card, means for relatively displacing, from one row to the next, the reading means with respect to the program card, mechanical means for connecting the programming installation to the carriage for successive reading of the rows of the program card by the reading means in synchronism with the movement of the carriage, this machine being characterized in that the means for relatively displacing from one row to the next the reading means relative to the program card comprise means for adjusting the pitch of the sca

Abstract: The invention relates to a wound dressing which prevents or at least reduces sticking of the dressing to the surface of the wound due to contact with moisture from the wound and which without the use of over twisted threads has a controllable lifting action and an excellent secretion-absorbing action, whereby cutting of the dressing into strips does not lead to lateral fraying due to the cutting of the mesh as is the case with known knitted fabrics and in which the further use leads to complication. The present wound dressing comprises a knitted fabric formed with a basic stitch construction and with a plurality of inlay threads having a Z or S twist, the yarns of the inlay threads having the same thickness and twist, and being inserted as slightly or greatly displaced wefts.

Abstract: A keyless lock which eliminates the requirement for visual contact with the lock to effect disengagement thereof. A series of push buttons are operated by depressing each push button the proper number of times according to a predetermined numerical code. The push button increment ratchet wheels having slots therein. When the slots are in proper alignment with lock releasing pins, the lock can be opened.

Abstract: A locking device intended to be mounted on a fuel pipe nipple (15), which is provided with bayonet locking pins, so as to make it impossible to connect a fuel hose coupling to an outboard motor on a boat. The locking device comprises an elongated external sleeve (1), which at one end is provided with an internally situated lock (6) and at the other end with bayonet locking grooves (20,21,22,23) corresponding to the bayonet locking pins (16). The lock (6) has an axially movable locking piston (9) cooperating with an internal sleeve (14) which is axially displaceable inside the external sleeve (1) between a retracted first position, which permits relative interconnection and release, respectively, of the pipe nipple (15) and the locking device, and an advanced, second position in which the bayonet locking pins (16) are kept securely fixed in the bayonet locking grooves (22,23).

Abstract: This bolt lock is for a sliding patio door. Primarily, it consists of a housing containing a lock mechanism for the outward and inward travel of a pair of toothed lock bolts, which are slideably received between a pair of side frames of said housing. It also includes a sector gear and a small gear, which serve to advance and retract said pair of toothed lock bolts, simultaneously, when the lock cylinder of the combination is turned by a key.

Abstract: A lock for operation by a magnetic key has a magnetic locking element (47) which moves in aligned, longitudinal grooves formed in inner (10) and outer (18) members of the lock. When the locking element is aligned with a transverse channel (57) in the inner member, limited relative rotation of the members can occur.

Abstract: A machine for producing spiral springs whose ends are twisted around the adjacent coils includes inductive proximity switches 18, 19 for sensing the position of the wire end 3a of each spring 3 conveyed from a coil forming station A. The measurement results are fed to a preselector counter 21, and when deviations from the correct wire length exceed a certain predetermined number a regulating motor 23 adjusts a tool which determines the coil diameter of the spring.

Abstract: Method and means for preforming the long edges of steel plate prior to manufacture into pipe by the U-O Process or the like by utilizing plate of a width exceeding that required for pipe of a given diameter by an amount at each edge having an excess at least equal to the width of the pipe. Roll-forming the plate to use the excess [at least equal to the width of the pipe. Roll-forming the plate to use the excess] width thereof as a lever arm to obtain a bend at the bitter edges of the pipe (edges required for pipe) of a radius required for the pipe and thereafter shearing the plate to form the bitter edges, followed by bevelling and polishing the bitter edges, and further roll-forming the edge area to complete the preform thereof.

Abstract: A finned tube for a heat exchanger has an inner surface in which is provided raised portions which are in rows and extend in the longitudinal direction of the tube. The raised portions are arranged, within each row, at irregular intervals and each raised portion may either increase or decrease toward a radially inward tip. The raised portions may have a cross-section which is substantially triangular or trapezoidal or in the shape of a parallelogram and the lateral surfaces of the raised portions, together with the internal surfaces of the tube are roughened during drawing.In a process of making such a tube, an unhardened tube having a plurality of circumferentially disposed longitudinally extending fins is drawn through a die so as to subject the tube to a cross-sectional decrease of at least 50% to thereby fragment the fins to provide gaps between remaining raised portions of the fins.A drawing die for used in the process has an entry angle .alpha..gtoreq. 40.degree..

Abstract: A tool for straightening indentations in sheet metal has a pair of substantially L-shaped rods, one leg of one of the rods being mounted concentrically within a corresponding leg of the other of the rods for movement axially along and rotatable about the common axis. The second leg of the outer rod has a recess shaped for receiving the corresponding second leg of the inner rod so that in a first position the second leg of the inner rod may be nestled within the second leg of the outer rod to provide a cross-sectional profile less than the composite of the two rods and both may be inserted and removed as a unit into and from a hole formed in the sheet metal. The inner rod may thereafter be rotated 180 degrees about the common axis and locked in position for applying a pulling force against the sheet metal. A spring detent locking pin secures the rods in the pulling disposition and also in the insertion/removal disposition of the rods.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for remote calibration of combustible gas detectors in which calibration initiation signals are applied to a sealed, explosion-proof sensor assembly to effect a remote calibration sequence and storage of calibration factors.

Abstract: A gas flow measuring system employs an oscillating chopper valve alternately to deliver a flow head-generated pressure and a reference pressure to a pressure transducer. The chopper valve is driven by a stepping motor under the control of a microcomputer. The stepping motor drives the valve, with an oscillatory frequency determined by the microcomputer, between a first detented position, in which the flow head-generated pressure is delivered to the transducer, and a second detented position, in which the reference pressure is delivered to the transducer. The electrical signal produced by the transducer is fed to a sample-and-hold circuit, also under the control of the microcomputer, whereby the microcomputer controls the sampling rate of the sample-and-hold circuit. The microcomputer can thus establish an optimal sampling rate in accordance with the oscillatory frequency of the valve. In this manner, very fast sampling rates can be established, thereby minimizing the effects of zero drift in the transducer.

Abstract: A flow controller primarily for breathing gas analysis has a gas flow circuit leading from a breathing air inlet to a gas analyzer and to a vacuum source. Another gas is bled into the circuit between the breathing air inlet and a point upstream of the vacuum source. Such other gas is precluded from flowing upstream in the circuit toward the gas analyzer by making the intervening flow path or conduit of suitable dimensions to have a Peclet number at least equal to 4 and preferably greater than 4 and about 6.

Abstract: In a knock detecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine, the output signal of a knock sensor whose output signal level varies in accordance with the engine conditions, engine speed, sensor sensitivity, etc., is passed through an automatic gain control circuit (AGC) thereby stabilizing the output level. The background noise level derived by integrating the output signal and the stabilized output signal are compared to detect the occurrence of knocking. The stabilized output signal is passed through a low-pass filter or a band-pass filter and the resulting control signal is used to control the gain of the AGC circuit.

Abstract: In order to evaluate competing explosive trains at explosive interfaces, at least one penalty barrier is inserted in the gap between a donor explosive component and an acceptor explosive component. Each of the barriers, if more than one, has a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is selected to have a shock impedance greater than the second layer so that a shock pulse is attenuated to a desired degree. Additional barriers can be added to increase the attenuation. A use of this device allows the shock intensities to be varied without varying wave shape or duration and further allows use of established shock equation of states of materials.

Abstract: A combined vibration and temperature sensor for an internal combustion engine comprises a piezoelectric disc in mechanical and thermal contact with an engine throttle body and connected electrically in series with an impedance effective to form a voltage divider having a predetermined normalized voltage output at a reference temperature and 50 kilohertz. A 50 kilohertz voltage source is connected across the voltage divider and the vibration signal output provides a temperature signal at 50 kilohertz and an engine vibration signal at a lower frequency such as 5-7 kilohertz.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for collecting and concentrating trace ions from a pressurized aqueous sample in a sample line. A three-way valve is connected to the sample line which in one position can divert the sample into a syringe and in another position can close off the sample line and permit the sample to flow from the syringe through the three-way valve into a concentrator column. In an alternative apparatus, the sample line is connected to a tee which permits the diversion of the sample into a concentrator column connected to the tee. The other end of the concentrator column is joined to a syringe for drawing the sample through the concentrator column. Methods of operating the apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the separation and identification of components contained in hydrocarbon mixtures, such as paraffins, olefins, napthenes and/or aromatics, by liquid chromatography by use of a chromatographic column packed with a microparticulate material having a pore size of less than about 500 .ANG. and possessing aromaticity, preferably polystyrene/divinyl benzene having a pore size of less than about 100 .ANG., the microparticulate material being slurry packed in a solvent medium. The hydrocarbon mixture is passed through the packed column using a mobile phase comprising a solvent having a solvent strength parameter, .epsilon..degree., of less than about 0.1 such as a C.sub.5 to C.sub.8 alkane; and the paraffins, olefins, napthenes, and/or aromatics are separately eluted and identified.

Abstract: The dipstick has an enlarged head and an integral, flexible shank which extends slidably through the dipstick tube of a conventional engine crankcase so that a pair of spaced thermistors, which are mounted on the shank adjacent its inner end, normally will be immersed beneath the level of the oil in the crankcase. The shank contains a ground conductor which is connected adjacent one end to one side of the thermistors, and adjacent its opposite end has sliding, resilient engagement with the inside of the dipstick tube. The opposite sides of the thermistors are connected by two additional conductors which extend upwardly in the shank to register with a pair of openings that are formed in diametrally sides of the shank near the dipstick head.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a mud metering tank monitoring system for use with an oil well drilling derrick having a sheave on the crown block and a bottom pulley forming a block and tackle arrangement with a cable supporting a traveling block adapted to be attached at one end to a pipe string for raising and lowering the string in a drill casing by a prime mover the other end of said cable being a dead line and having a weight indicator connected thereto. The tank has a mud pump and a fluid connection between the tank and the drill casing. Pipe string counting means is connected to be driven by the sheave in the crown block and to indicate pipe stands lowered into and removed from the drill casing only when a pipe string is being carried by the traveling block. A pair of vertically spaced apart mud sensors are positioned in the mud metering tank, and a computer panel is connected to receive input signals from the pipe string counters and mud sensors.

Abstract: A method for predicting the likelihood of encountering oil or gas deposits below a location. A temperature at a known depth at the location is compared to a temperature representative of the average temperature for that depth within the geographical area in which the location is situated. If the temperature at the location is less than the average temperature, it is likely that an oil or gas deposit is present at the location at a depth below the known depth. If the temperature at the location is greater than the average temperature, then it is likely that no oil or gas deposit is present at the location at a depth below the known depth. Alternatively, geothermal gradients are employed in a similar method for predicting the likelihood of encountering oil or gas deposits below a location.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for controlling a pair of transverse scanning gauges disposed along the length of a moving sheet of material whereby continuous same-spot measurements of the material may be made irrespective of any variations in the speed of the material even as it traverses the distance between the scanning gauges.

Abstract: A rain rate meter for delineating short-term variations in rain rate having a housing which encloses an electronic balance sensitive to approximately 0.01 grams. The top of the housing is open and has a funnel-shaped element located therein for receiving rainfall. An outlet port is centrally located at the bottom of the funnel-shaped element and a dispersing means is positioned adjacent the outlet port for substantially eliminating the adverse effects of the downward momentum of the rain water flowing from the outlet port prior to being collected by a container which rests upon the balance in the housing. A transfer mechanism is situated in the container in order to gently deposit the flowing rain water into the container. Measurements of collected rainfall weight are made over a preselected period of time by the electronic balance in order to accurately ascertain rain rate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring flow and/or volume of a liquid preferably milk in which the milk is passed from a passageway (3,56) through a gap (5,46) which is long vertically but narrow in width so that a pool is formed in the passageway, the height of milk in the pool being a measure of the rate of flow of the milk. The levels maintained over predetermined intervals of time are integrated to give volume measurements. Measurements of levels are made by providing a resistor (8,32) in the passageway (3,56) so that the impedance is changed according to the liquid level and measuring such impedance.

Abstract: A unidirectional fluidflow sensor system including: a sensing chamber for placement in a fluidflow to be monitored; the chamber including input port means facing toward the fluidflow and smaller, output port means spaced from the input port means and disposed transversely to the fluidflow; a sensing element in the chamber in the path between the first and second port means; and means, responsive to the element, for detecting a change in flow between the input and output port means.

Abstract: Multi-purpose measuring device with a tilting display which includes a display assembly with a housing for visually indicating a measured value of a variable to be analyzed, an auxiliary assembly with another housing separate from the display assembly housing for performing measurements, a hinge interconnecting the housings permitting relative tilting of the housings in two directions into different planes at an angle relative to each other and into a common plane, and a carrying strap fastened in vicinity of the hinge, the auxiliary assembly having dimensions and weight in proportion to the display assembly causing the center of gravity of the measuring device to lie in vicinity of the auxiliary assembly and causing the auxiliary assembly to hang downward from the carrying strap with the display assembly disposed above the auxiliary assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring density of drilling mud. An elongated cylindrical measuring chamber is pivoted on a base at one end and includes conduits for introducing the mud into the chamber. A force measuring thrust a gauge mounted on the base and supporting the chamber intermediate its ends provides a signal proportional to the weight of the receptacle and its contents. Since the volume of the chamber is constant the weight varies as a function of the density of mud. A rotating wire brush mounted within the chamber tends to scrape away accumulating solid material on the inner walls thereof. The chamber is provided with a ceramic liner.

Abstract: A density sensor includes a stationary housing (12) and a reciprocating body (22) with a float (26) attached thereto to provide a buoyant force. The reciprocating body (22) is connected to a piston (32) by a reciprocating rod (34). The piston (32) is operable to move within a bore (30). A second piston (52) is also disposed in the bore (30) and is coupled to the piston (32) by a spring (54). A transducer (44) is disposed at the other end of the bore and is connected to the piston (52) through hydraulic fluid disposed in a hydraulic chamber (56). The spring (54) is functional to remove low frequency components of acceleration from the buoyant force and the hydraulic fluid disposed in the hydraulic chamber (56) is operable to remove high frequency acceleration components from the buoyant force. In this manner, the transducer (44) can be isolated from both high and low frequency acceleration components.

Abstract: An audiometer which can be battery operated, is reliable and economical in current consumption has a digital control unit (10) which controls a LCD in matric form (11, 26). The digital control unit, in its simplest form, includes a data input stage (12) having two inputs (16, 18) receiving, respectively, input signals representative of amplitude and tone, or a spoken word, and a further input (14) which is test-person controlled, to provide a perception signal, operated by the person to be tested when the level of a certain tone, generated by a tone generator (G, 21) is perceived, or a spoken word is correctly heard. The data input stage is connected to a data bus which provides the respective data to a driver circuit (24) to drive the LCD matrix.

Abstract: A differential pressure gauge comprises a balance beam (3) acting upon a vibrating blade (6). The beam (3) and the blade (6) are disposed in a rigid chamber 4 under vacuum. The beam (3) is acted upon by a force, resulting from the deformation of a flexible or expansible chamber (7) subjected to a pressure P.sub.T and disposed in a second rigid chamber (5) subjected to a pressure P.sub.S. A flexible or expansible seal element (9) isolates the chambers but transmits the forces without disturbing them. This gauge has a high precision and delivers information in digital form, particularly useful in aeronautics.

Abstract: A bridge array employing piezoresistive sensors responsive to the longitudinal piezoresistive effect generally exhibits a positive nonlinearity over a pressure range, while a bridge array employing piezoresistive sensors employing the transverse piezoresistive effect exhibits a negative nonlinearity over the pressure range. A composite pressure transducer is provided by interconnecting a longitudinal and transverse bridge array in a common composite configuration. The resulting transducer exhibits linear operation over the pressure range due to the cancellation of said nonlinearities from the connected arrays.

Abstract: A method of measuring a characteristic of a material in a structure is the subject of the present invention. A known stress relationship S=TC/J is utilized in practicing the method of the present invention. In the foregoing formula S=strength in p.s.i.; T=torque force in pounds/inch; C=distance to the point of interest in inches; and J=.pi./2r.sup.4 where J is the polar moment of inertia for a circle of radius r (in inches). A drive head is adhesively secured to a segment of the structure to be tested. A known torque force is then applied to the drive head and this known force is translated into a measurement of the material characteristic utilizing the formula indicated. The method may be utilized to test the ultimate shear strength by failing the material or may be utilized to measure strength up to a design criteria without carrying the material to failure. Other material characteristics may also be measured utilizing the known formula set forth above and other known relationships.

Abstract: The vortex flow meter includes a conduit for the passage of a fluid therethrough and a vortex generator disposed in said conduit at the upstream end thereof. The vortex generator includes a plurality of vortex amplifying plates which are disposed at right angles to the flow of fluid through the conduit and a pair of symmetrically disposed hot wires are mounted under tension on posts protruding from the surface of the downstream plate in spaced relation to the surface of the plate.

Abstract: Apparatus for determining the velocity of a gas in a gas supply duct is provided. The apparatus comprises a flow nozzle and a pitot tube. The flow nozzle has an inlet opening for receiving the gas and an outlet opening for expelling the gas after it has accelerated through a throat connecting the openings. The throat narrows in a curve from the inlet opening to outlet opening. The nozzle is mounted in the duct coaxially in a fluid-tight relationship therewith, the cross-sectional area of the duct and the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening being substantially identical. The cross-sectional area of the outlet opening is 40 to 60 percent that of the duct. The pitot tube comprises an impact tube and a static tube mounted in parallel through the duct downstream of the nozzle and both bending upstream toward the nozzle parallel to the duct axis. The opening of the impact tube is located in the volume bound by the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening and a distance of up to 6.

Abstract: An orifice meter including a carrier, which is movable between two parallel body walls while maintaining sealing engagement therewith. In one position it seals around the pipeline flow passage, and in a second position it seals around an orifice disc service opening in one of the body plates. A small, axially movable valve plug in the body plate adjacent the service opening is operative in one position to equalize the pressure in the space within the carrier seals with the rest of the valve body and in a second position to vent that space to atmosphere. Interengaging means on the valve plug and a rotatable closure for the service opening prevent removal of the closure unless the valve plug is in its venting position. The valve plug has two annular grooves, each carrying an O-ring to seal against inner surfaces of axially aligned inner equalizing passage and outer vent passage. A transfer duct opens from between the two passages to the space within the service opening.

Abstract: A multi-position rotary valve for injecting a variable liquid sample into a stream of diluent flowing through a high pressure liquid chromatograhic column, without interrupting diluent pressure conditions is disclosed. The valve is switchable between a load position and an inject position. Associated with the valve are a plurality of sample loops each of whose upstream ends are selectively connected to a needle cavity in the valve. Moreover the valve possesses means for arcuately articulation whereby one of the loops may be selected from loading of the sample and then for presentation to a diluent under pressure while in each of such position is also in operative alignment with the column.

Abstract: A plunger seats in the outlet end of a cavity formed in an injector housing. The plunger is moveable within the cavity between seated engagement with the outlet end and a position which permits fluid to flow out the outlet end. The cavity is sealed to withstand pressures on the order of 2000 bar. A groove formed in the wall of the plunger or in the wall of the cavity receives liquid sample from a sample feed line which is formed in the body of the housing and terminates adjacent the groove when the plunger is seated in the outlet end of the cavity. A source of mobile phase fluid is connected to the upper end of the cavity by an inlet line. By external displacement means, the plunger is moved out of seated engagement within said cavity to permit a jet stream of mobile phase fluid to sweep the sample from the sample groove out through the outlet end of the cavity and onto a chromatographic column connected to the injector housing.

Abstract: A plurality of samples subject to the same thermostatting time periods are directed one by one to the inlet section of a gas chromatograph for analysis in accordance with the head space method. To this end, a first heatable sample store adapted to be stepwise advanced is provided, in which thermostatting of the samples is accomplished. A second sample store also adapted to be stepwise advanced is provided, from which sample vessels are transferred one by one into the first sample store.

Abstract: The flushing of the syringe with a side port is performed by introducing a liquid solvent through the side port while the plunger is retracted from the barrel. At the completion of the flushing operation the plunger is fully inserted into the barrel expelling all the solvent except that in the needle. The needle is then inserted into the sample and the plunger is raised to withdraw the sample. With this arrangement, it is possible to take a 0.1 L sample and dispense it because of the solvent reserve in the barrel. Furthermore, the solvent reserved in the barrel provides a buffer so that sampled material does not contact the plunger or get into the annular space around the retracted plunger.

Abstract: A first member defines a plurality of depressions such as V-shaped notches therein and is positioned so that the V-shaped notches are adjacent another plurality of similar notches defined by a second member. The spacing of the recesses in the second member is different than the spacing of recesses in the first member. A movable ball is received in each of the recesses of the first member. A cam is positioned to alternately force one of the balls into engagement between partially aligned recesses on the first and second members forcing relative movement between the members, positioning a load connected thereto.