Abstract: From a row of objects which are conveyed on an intermittently movable feeding conveyor, every second object is deposited on lines of wrapping materials at a first station, which lines are advanced continuously under the feeding conveyor, and the remaining objects are deposited on the same lines of wrapping materials at a following station. In connection with one or both depositing steps. the objects are shifted transversely of the direction in which said lines are advanced. Thus, the number of lines of wrapping material is only half the number of objects in each row, whereas the distance between the lines will be increased so much that the lines may be sealed lengthwise and crosswise by means of rotating sealing means.

Abstract: Disclosed is a container for storing product, a process and apparatus for making that container, a process and apparatus for drawing and blow forming plastic into a paperboard outer container and a process and apparatus for heat sealing a container. The container comprises a paperboard outer container and a plastic inner container which has been drawn and blow formed into the outer container. At the mouth of the container are horizontal plastic flanges which extend about the periphery of the container at least about 1/8 inch outwardly from the plastic inner container. Vertical flanges extend downwardly at least about 1/8 inch from the horizontal flanges. After product is placed in the container, the container is sealed by a heat sealable cover. A plastic overcap may be provided which engagedly fits around the container at its top.

Abstract: A bagging device for transferring material from a first chamber through an pening in a wall to a second chamber includes an outer housing communicating with the opening and having proximal and distal ends relative to the wall. An inner housing having proximal and distal ends corresponding to those of the outer housing is mounted in a concentrically spaced, sealed manner with respect to the distal end of the outer housing. The inner and outer housings and mounting means therebetween define an annular chamber, closed at its distal end and open at its proximal end, in which a pliable tube is slidably positioned in sealed engagement with the housings. The pliable tube includes a sealed end positioned adjacent the proximal end of the inner housing so as to maintain isolation between the first and second chambers.

Abstract: An apparatus for sweeping and thatching turf including a rotatable sweeper brush assembly having spring type thatching members. The spring thatching members may be easily secured to or removed from the sweeper brush assembly which permits the operator considerable flexibility in installing and removing them without dismantling the brush assembly. The number of spring thatching members used may be conveniently varied for providing the desired thatching action. The construction provides for cooperation between the spring members and the brush assembly for preventing rotation of the spring members without complicated mounting structure for the spring members. Further, the combination of spring thatching members and sweeper brushes provides an improved cleaning action for the turf.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and device for making a spun yarn of fibres comprising an internal core which consists in subjecting the yarn to form the core to a momentary false twist by means of a spindle and projecting elementary fibres onto this yarn. Such elementary fibres are projected by means of a mobile guide surface on which the fibres are delivered tangentially, the core likewise being displaced tangentially with respect to the guide surface in a direction concurrent with the direction of delivery of the fibres.

Abstract: A yarn package and apparatus for winding covered yarn: (a) the yarn package comprising a cylinder, the surfaces of which vary no more than .+-.0.001 of an inch and fiber wound on the cylinder; and (b) the apparatus for producing covered yarn comprising a feed means for feeding a supply of elastomeric filament to a pirn assembly; a spindle means; at least one pirn assembly comprising a cylinder, the surfaces of which vary no more than .+-.0.001 of an inch, and a balloon cap comprising a shank portion and a head portion, the shank portion received in and axially nested inside of one end of the cylinder the head portion having a diameter greater than that of the diameter of the cylinder, the spindle being axially nested inside of the cylinder; a take-up assembly; and a means to rotate the spindle, feed means and take-up assembly.

Abstract: Spun-like fiber yarn with interlaced threads, in which the fibers are of the same length. The spun yarn has alternating open, relatively bulky zones and closed, relatively compact zones. The open zones have a non-twisted structure with parallel strands. In the closed zones, the fibers are interlaced and non-bonded. The open zones furthermore have free strands. The cohesion factor of the spun fiber yarns is greater than 100 and preferably being between 120 and 180. The spun yarns are produced by a process in which at least one sliver of fibers of equal lengths is fed to a drawing unit and then to at least one open single-jet interlacing nozzle fed with gaseous fluid at a pressure of between 1 and 6 bars, the angle formed by the axis of the channel for the passage of the yarn in the nozzle and the yarn being between 10.degree. and 80.degree., and the spun yarn obtained being wound up at a speed greater than 50 m/min.

Abstract: Polyester polymer is extruded through converging capillaries at different speeds to merge and form a combined stream. The stream is cooled to form a filament, which is withdrawn at a high speed. A plurality of such filaments are combined into yarn which self-crimps upon heating. In some embodiments, the yarn has a variable denier.

Abstract: Yarns are pieced in a spinning machine utilizing an air stream, such as an open-end spinning machine or an air-jet spinning machine. For yarn piecing, an end of a yarn unwound from a bobbin is inserted into a twisting mechanism, and a sliver is newly supplied as a fleece so as to intertwine with the yarn end forming a pieced yarn portion. The thickness of the unwound yarn is detected by a detector and stored in a memory prior to insertion into the twisting mechanism. After the yarn and the sliver have been joined, the thickness of the pieced yarn portion is detected by the detector, and the detected thickness is compared with the stored thickness of the unwound yarn. If the thickness of the pieced yarn portion exceeds an allowable value as a result of such comparison, then the yarn is severed by a cutter, and thereafter a cut end of the yarn is pieced again with the fleece.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a fasciated yarn, utilizing an air nozzle for false twisting a fiber bundle, provided with a fiber passage comprising an inlet portion, a small channel, and a large channel, characterized by the provision of at least a contact area in the inlet portion and/or the upstream region of the small channel. During the spinning operation, the fiber bundle is forced against the contact point, and, as a result, a twist imparted by a vortex can be effectively suppressed so that it does not ascend toward the upstream region.Also, since the ballooning can be suppressed by the contact point, the size of the small channel can be increased, resulting in the sufficient suction air in the inlet portion.

Abstract: A friction false-twisting unit has three upstanding parallel shafts supported on a base plate. Each shaft carries a plurality of friction disks and the disks are overlapping and interleaved for applying a false twist to filament yarn drawn through the array of disks where they overlap. To damp the oscillation of the entire false twisting unit, it is fastened to the machine bed through interposed damping elements. There is a holding mandrel on the base plate which passes through a guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is, in turn, attached to the mount via the damping elements. With the false-twisting unit absent, the damping elements tilt the guide sleeve and when the unit is in place, its weight in use returns the guide sleeve to a correct orientation, so that the plane of the side of the drive whorl on one of the shafts is parallel to the plane of the tangential drive belt for that shaft where that belt passes the drive whorl.

Abstract: A fiber control apparatus in an open end spinning frame, which is a spinning rotor provided with a structure capable of producing a rotary stream by which breaking or bending of fibers or formation of floating fibers in a spinning chamber of the rotor can be effectively controlled. This structure is mainly characterized by the arrangement of the exhaust vents formed in the spinning rotor.

Abstract: A tension spring device comprising a linear draw element and spring member surrounding the draw element and connected thereto by connection sleeves.

Abstract: A gas generator having a one-way ratchet assembly is disclosed which compensates for compaction and degradation in the catalyst bed to reduce destructive oscillatory vibration in the gas generator, thereby substantially extending the life and assuring dependable performance of the gas generator.

Abstract: The thrust nozzle opening angle of two cycle gas turbine jet engines is crolled in a system which comprises a low pressure compressor driven by a low pressure turbine. A first compressor is arranged radially inward for a first flow cycle or circuit and a second compressor is arranged radially outward for a second flow cycle or circuit. A high pressure compressor is driven by a high pressure turbine. A combustion chamber is situated upstream of the high pressure turbine. An afterburner is supplied with the turbine gases from the first, hot flow cycle and with compressed air from the second, relatively cool flow cycle or circuit. The system may have multiple shafts. The control is effected with reference to the instantaneous pressure relationship (.pi..sub.NVZ) between the static pressure (p.sub.sD) downstream of the radially outer compressor (1a) of the second flow cycle (K2) and the static pressure (p.sub.sE) of the air flowing into the propulsion system.

Abstract: A failure detection system for a hydraulic pump (1) having a displacement volume varying device (1a) and connected to at least one hydraulic actuator (4) to constitute a hydraulic circuit for driving the hydraulic actuator. The system includes means (7a, 7b) for sensing the discharge pressure of the pump, means (6) for detecting the value of shifting of the displacement volume varying device, means (5, 24) for closing the hydraulic circuit to block the flow of a hydraulic fluid through the circuit, starting means (9) for giving a command to start checking on the pump to see if it is normally functioning, and a control unit (2, 23, 28, 29) for performing checking on the pump to see if it is normally functioning. The control unit includes means (S-5, S-5') responsive to the command given by the starting means for giving a command to activate the closing means, data collecting means (S-11) for causing the displacement volume varying device to shift based on information (P.sub.a, P.sub.

Abstract: An automatic neutral point detecting system for a hydraulic pump equipped with a displacement varying device capable of shifting both in a (+) direction and in a (-) direction and connected to at least one hydraulic actuator to form a hydraulic circuit to drive the hydraulic actuator. The system includes pressure sensors for sensing the port pressures of the hydraulic pump, a shifting detector for detecting the shifting of the displacement varying device, a closing device for closing the hydraulic circuit and blocking the flow of a hydraulic fluid, a start switch for giving a command to start detection of the neutral point of the hydraulic pump, and a control unit for detecting the neutral point of the hydraulic pump.

Abstract: A class of heat engines based on an intrinsically irreversible heat transfer process is disclosed. In a typical embodiment the engine comprises a compressible fluid that is cyclically compressed and expanded while at the same time being driven in reciprocal motion by a positive displacement drive means. A second thermodynamic medium is maintained in imperfect thermal contact with the fluid and bears a broken thermodynamic symmetry with respect to the fluid. the second thermodynamic medium is a structure adapted to have a low fluid flow impedance with respect to the compressible fluid, and which is further adapted to be in only moderate thermal contact with the fluid. In operation, thermal energy is pumped along the second medium due to a phase lag between the cyclical heating and cooling of the fluid and the resulting heat conduction between the fluid and the medium.

Abstract: An improved thermal engine of the type having a displacer body movable between the hot end and the cold end of a chamber for subjecting a fluid within that chamber to a thermodynamic cycle and having a work piston driven by the fluid for deriving a useful work output. The work piston pumps a hydraulic fluid and a hydraulic control valve is connected in line with the hydraulic output conduit such that the flow of hydraulic fluid may be restricted to any desired degree or stopped altogether. The work piston can therefore be controlled by means of a controller device independently from the movement of the displacer such that a variety of engine cycles can be obtained for optimum engine efficiency under varying load conditions. While a Stirling engine cycle is particularly contemplated, other engine cycles may be obtained by controlling the movement of the displacer and work pistons.

Abstract: A hydraulic dual-circuit brake booster in which two brake circuits are closed brake circuits. A dual-circuit tandem main cylinder is used in combination with a pedal push rod supported in a displaceable piston and exposed to the brake pressure directed into the system by the control valve. The pedal push rod and the tandem main brake cylinder are disposed coaxially and the brake booster is particularly suitable for use with anti-skid brake systems.

Abstract: A tandem brake master cylinder which includes a single inlet union having two inlet union portions which are connected to each other as a single, unitary body via a connecting portion, the connecting portion having at approximately a central portion thereof a mounting portion which projects toward a cylinder body and which has an insertion hole formed therein. The distance between each inlet union and a common mounting screw may be double that as compared with the distance between the inlet union and its associated mounting screw in conventional master cylinders and therefore the play of the inlet union portions may be greatly reduced.

Abstract: A turbocharger for internal combustion engines comprising a unidirectional energy converter having a closed, continuous loop passageway containing a plurality of freely-movable, unrestrained bodies which travel around the passageway in one direction only. In one region of the passageway, successive bodies are propelled in one direction around the passageway by exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. In another region of the passageway, the kinetic energy of the propelled bodies is used to compress a gas, which can be mixed with fuel. This compressed gas is then forced into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine; whereupon the bodies are again propelled around the passageway to repeat the cycle.

Abstract: A compound internal combustion engine having an efficiency materially higher than that of an engine operating on the conventional Otto or Diesel cycle. This is accomplished by using the heat of the exhaust gases to compress air, with or without the addition of fuel, which is then injected into the cylinder or cylinders of the engine just prior to ignition. In this manner, less heat is rejected from the overall cycle with improved efficiency. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a portion of the unused heat energy in the exhaust gases is used in a unidirectional energy converter to compress air or an air/fuel mixture which is then injected into the cylinders of the engine. The engine, whether it should operate on the Otto or Diesel cycle, does not compress gas on the upstroke of the piston until the compressed gas from the unidirectional energy converter is injected into the cylinder.

Abstract: A turbocharger for internal combustion engines comprising a unidirectional energy converter having a closed, continuous loop passageway containing a plurality of freely-movable, unrestrained bodies which travel around the passageway in one direction only. In one region of the passageway, successive bodies are propelled in one direction around the passageway by exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. In another region of the passageway, the kinetic energy of the propelled bodies is used to compress a gas, which can be mixed with fuel. This compressed gas is then forced into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine; whereupon the bodies are again propelled around the passageway to repeat the cycle. The exhaust gases and air or an air/fuel mixture are exhausted and introduced in an expansion space in the converter through substantially immediately adjacent ports.

Abstract: A compound internal combustion engine having an efficiency materially higher than that of an engine operating on the conventional Otto or Diesel cycle. This is accomplished by using the heat of the exhaust gases to compress air, with or without the addition of fuel, which is then injected into the cylinder or cylinders of the engine just prior to ignition. In this manner, less heat is rejected from the overall cycle with improved efficiency. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a portion of the unused heat energy in the exhaust gases is used in a unidirectional energy converter to compress air or an air/fuel mixture which is then injected into the cylinders of the engine. The exhaust gases and air or the air/fuel mixture are exhausted and introduced in an expansion space in the converter through substantially immediately adjacent ports.

Abstract: A two-phase hydrothermal flow, e.g. from a geothermal source, is separated and provides steam at a desired pressure for production of power both from the steam phase and from thermal energy contained in the hot water phase. The separated hot water phase is processed in a heat conversion system which extracts sensible heat and produces from a portion thereof auxiliary steam at least at the vapor pressure of the hot water, and this auxiliary steam may be utilized either separately or together with said separated steam phase in a prime mover and condenser system for production of power. Where a geothermal hydrothermal flow contains noxious noncondensable gases which contaminate the steam phase, after condensation of the steam such gases may be withdrawn from the condenser and dissolved in the cooled hot water phase and reinjected underground to avoid environmental pollution.

Abstract: Fuel and oxidant feed rates into a gasifier 202 are regulated by monitoring overall output 14 and comparing with a pre-selected setpoint valve 10. An overall load demand signal 50, responsive to this comparision is generated and used as an input to control 102 oxidant feed rate. The heating value of the product gas is measured 76 and used to control 64 overall fuel feed rate to the gasifier 202. For a two stage slagging gasifier, the present invention controls 114 fuel feed rate to the slagging stage 210 responsive to the measured slagging stage reaction temperature 128.

Abstract: A method of generating energy which comprises utilizing relatively lower temperature available heat to effect partial distillation of at least portion of a multicomponent working fluid stream at an intermediate pressure to generate working fluid fractions of differing compositions. The fractions are used to produce at least one main rich solution which is relatively enriched with respect to the lower boiling component, and to produce at least one lean solution which is relatively improverished with respect to the lower boiling component. The pressure of the main rich solution is increased whereafter it is evaporated to produce a charged gaseous main working fluid. The main working fluid is expanded to a low pressure level to release energy. The spent low pressure level working fluid is condensed in a main absorption stage by dissolving with cooling in the lean solution to regenerate an initial working fluid for reuse.

Abstract: A hydride storage for hydrogen comprises a preferably tubular solid casing for the storage material. In the interior of the casing, the storage material is bounded by a wall of a fabric, particularly metallic fabric, through which the hydrogen penetrates into, and out of, the material. Preferably, a highly elastic conduit (tubular body) permeable to gas and made of a metallic fabric is embedded in the storage material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the provision of cooling through the utilization of aerosol sprays is disclosed. The hot water output of a load device is stored until low ambient temperatures exist, whereupon the hot water is atomized and exposed to the ambient air to be cooled thereby. A spray cooling system can also be combined with an artificial ice making system to provide even lower load device input temperatures. Specialized insulating devices can be used in connection with the artificially made ice to decrease the heat transfer between the ice and the ambient air during warm weather.

Abstract: A crushed ice making method and apparatus in which water is introduced into the upper end of a tubular column open at the top and having a constricted air inlet at the lower end into which air is introduced in counterflow to the water. The column is positioned in heat exchange relationship with a refrigerant flow path, and the temperature of the refrigerant in this flow path is selectively controlled to either freeze the water in the column or thaw any ice formed therein to free the ice from the column side walls to effect ice harvesting. When ice of desired thickness has formed in the column, the air inlet is closed off by the ice, causing a pressure build-up in the air supply line. This pressure is sensed and employed to actuate control means causing hot refrigerant to flow in the refrigerant flow path in heat exchange relationship with the column to free the ice in the column from the side walls thereof, at which time the air pressure acts to force the ice upwardly out of the column.

Abstract: An ice cube making machine having a vertical, open-faced freezing mold over which water is circulated from an underlying trough to build up ice. When the mold is full, the pump circulating the water is stopped and the ice is harvested. Harvesting is facilitated by a plunger that is biased to push ice from the mold. Water pressure from the pump holds the plunger against its bias until the pressure is released for the harvest cycle. The mold open face is covered by a water curtain having a lower lip underlying the mold open face so that the underlying trough need not extend substantially out from the mold, thereby permitting similar such units to be vertically stacked.

Abstract: A ground water system for a domestic storage tank and reversible heat pump is arranged to prevent the build up of excessive pressure in the storage tank when the flow of water through the heat pump is restricted to a defined degree by the operation of valve means controlling the water flow as required by the heat pump.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus utilizing liquid nitrogen for cooling specimens to temperatures in the range from -100.degree. C. to -195.degree. C. in propane, halogenated hydrocarbons, isopentane, or other cooling media. Freezing of the cooling media is avoided by means of an arrangement wherein the liquid nitrogen cools the cooling-bath container and/or the liquifier only initially, but after the desired cooling-bath temperature has been reached, the liquid nitrogen level is lowered to below the height of a protective shell which results in further cooling being only indirect, via solid/solid contacts and via the gas phase. A constant cooling-bath temperature is ensured by means of a thermostatic temperature-control system while trouble-free standby operation is ensured by means of an automatic system for replenishing liquid nitrogen, and by a system for controlling the level of liquid nitrogen. Safe disposal of the cooling media which may be combustible and/or toxic is provided for.

Abstract: A multilayer miniature low temperature rapid cooldown refrigerator in which a central cooling chamber for a device to be continuously cooled is connected to input and output refrigerant lines by micron sized channels formed in interfaces of glass or like plates, the channels including a counterflow heat exchanger and a capillary section and the channels being so arranged as to assure rapid cooldown immediately in the region of the device to be cooled.

Abstract: The present invention introduces a process for effectively washing a crystal-liquid (mother liquor) mixture with a mass of wash liquid to thereby form a mass of highly purified crystals and also introduces apparatuses for use therein. The purification is accomplished by properly conducted alternative stationary and agitated crystal washing operations and substantially countercurrent transfer of the solid phase and the free liquid in a purification zone. The zone contains a set of stationary washing sub-zones and a set of agitated washing sub-zones that are laid alternatively along the vertical direction.The mass of crystals in a stationary sub-zone is compacted by a compacting means to form a bed with an enhanced degree of compaction. The masses of crystals and liquid in each agitated sub-zone are properly agitated so that the impurities in the mother liquors retained in the crystal mass are released to the free liquid.

Abstract: This invention relates to earrings in general, and more specifically to an improvement in post type earrings for pierced ears, combining two or more post elements operatively connected together to provide a support surface for one or more ornaments designed to be worn on at least one ear.

Abstract: In a circular knitting machine problems may arise from differential thermal expansion, particularly in a radial direction, or rotatable carrier disc (22) and a coaxial bearing body (16) in which it runs by means of a bearing (36). In order to overcome this by absorption of the differential expansion, one of the running surfaces of the bearing is formed on or supported by a resiliently yieldable part (34), which preferably also preloads the bearing. As alternatives to the illustrated embodiment, in which the yielding is axial, as indicated by the arrow A, the yielding may be radial, and also the yieldable part may be on the bearing body (16) rather than the carrier disc (22).

Abstract: The present invention comprises apparatus and process for laundering textiles based upon utilizing quantities of an aqueous liquid wash liquor in the wash step ranging from, at least, just enough to be substantially evenly and completely distributed onto all portions of the textiles to, at most, about 5 times the dry weight of the textiles to be laundered. This results in an extremely efficient use of the detergent composition. The present invention also comprises novel wash liquor and detergent compositions for use in said apparatus and process.

Abstract: A jet dyeing apparatus comprises a generally horizontal cylindrical high-pressure dyeing vessel having an outlet for a fabric standing portion at a front portion thereof, wherein the vessel is tilted slightly downward toward the direction of the front outlet, a liquid pan is provided at the lowest portion, a standing portion for the fabric is formed by a perforated pipe in the vessel in parallel therewith or being further tilted slightly downward toward the direction of the outlet so that the fabric and the dye liquor will smoothly flow therethrough while separated from each other. A circulation path for the fabric is formed by a liquor-injection portion and a transfer pipe installed on the upper side, and the dye liquor is circulated from the liquor pan into the liquor-injection portion by a circulation pump through a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A lock assembly including a novel retaining strap for securing a lock cylinder within the assembly. The lock assembly is designed so that one of two different degrees of bolt extension can be chosen during assembly of the device. In addition the assembly incorporates a dowel pin to increase the strength of the joint between the lock bolt and a lock bolt extension connected to the lockbolt.

Abstract: An improved lock mechanism whereby the raised element, or rosette, provided exteriorly for defining the keyway and providing secured access thereto is coupled to the lock body by mechanical means utilizing rigid interference fit lock mechanisms. Latch pins are emplaced within tapered latch recesses and the latch pins coupled one to another. A locking pin is driven into interference relationship with at least one of the latching pins to bar its movement within the latching recess and, thus, due to the fact that all latching pins are coupled one to another, an extremely strong coupling of the rosette to the lock body results.

Abstract: A slide stop position control apparatus of a press machine which can automatically effect slide stop position adjustment when the die and/or the punch are changed. The apparatus comprises a first detector for detecting the tip of the punch and a second detector for detecting an upper end of the die when the slide is moved towards the die. The first detector is mounted to a die base and the second detector is mounted to the slide and each detector includes a light emitter and a light receiver. A slide position detector is also provided and all of the detectors are connected to a control unit for controlling a drive unit for the slide.

Abstract: In a mold for the superplastic forming of a piece from a blank, the distortion of the blank is measured by a hollow tube located within the mold and having one end positioned in contact with the blank. The hollow tube extends through a sleeve fixed to the mold and includes an axial array of holes. A bore in the sleeve is connected to a source of low pressure gas via a delivery tube so that the low pressure gas can selectively communicate with the interior of the hollow tube as the movement of the tube causes the selective registry of the holes therein with the delivery tube. Such selective registry causes a pressure drop in the delivery tube which is measured by a pressure drop detector and accompanying recorder. Electrical leads are provided on the inner surface of the mold for evaluating when the distortion of the blank causes the face of the blank to reach selected portions of the mold inner surface.

Abstract: A flat workpiece such as a sheet metal workpiece is deformed by impacting e surface of the workpiece with one or several impacting tools while supporting at least a portion of the workpiece surface opposite the impacted surface. In order to control the deforming impact effect for achieving the intended shape of the workpiece, the impact strength of uniform drive impulses is modified in accordance with the desired shape. For this purpose the impacts are damped in accordance with a predetermined surface pattern of impact strengths corresponding to the desired shape. Such damping is accomplished by coating the workpiece surface prior to the impacting with a damping layer or layers having a different damping effect in different places on the surface of the workpiece in accordance with the mentioned pattern, whereby the uniform impact strength is modified in its effect in accordance with the pattern over the surface of the workpiece.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing articles by deformation of cylindrical blanks, comprising heating the blanks (1), their transverse wedge forming followed by deformation of the end crops (3) by shearing blades, separating the end crops (3) from the formed blanks (2), and flashless forging of the formed blanks (2), separation of the end crops (3) from the formed blanks (2) being performed by reducing the speed of rotation of the end crops (3) after deformation down to a value ranging from .omega./2.5 to zero, where .omega. is the speed of rotation of the blank (2) during forming.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the straightening of drawn round stock. In conventional straightening methods, the round stock to be straightened is transported through the straightener with the entrance and exit in alignment, being thus straightened. With this procedure, large pieces at the beginning and end of the round stock to be straightened are straightened in an unsatisfactory manner and must therefore often be cut off before further fabrication of the round stock. To remedy this disadvantage it is proposed that for instance the deviation from the straight entry line forcibly obtained in the straightener arc by deflection, is maintained as the exit direction from the arc. To this end each round stock receiving device is oriented or can be oriented behind an exit die at least by its receiving elements in such a way that the round stock leaving the exit die enters such receiving elements or the next die series without appreciable changes of direction.

Abstract: A sheet bending brake comprising a plurality of C-shaped frame members that support a first member. The first member has a clamping surface. A second member is hinged to the first member and has a bending surface. A plurality of bars are pivoted to the frame members and support an anvil member that extends longitudinally of the first member. A cam support shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame members and a plurality of eccentric cams are secured on the shaft. Each bar is generally C-shaped and a cam is positioned between the upper and lower flanges thereof. A handle is secured to the shaft such that when the handle is operated, the eccentric cams are rotated to move the bars and, in turn, the anvil member into and out of clamping position. A cover is provided on each bar to enclose the cam.

Abstract: A die assembly (2) which operates in a single stroke, both to draw and to trim a deformable sheet material such as sheet metal including relatively reciprocal upper and lower die sections (10,14) for draw forming a port and a trimming means (26), movable in a direction perpendicular to the relative reciprocal motion of the upper and lower die section (10,14), for cutting away a portion of the drawn material. The die assembly may include a fixed draw punch (18) over which the sheet material is drawn and a draw ring (52) shaped to complement the exterior shape of the draw punch (18) and to telescopically advance over the draw punch (18) during the drawing operation. At the end of the drawing operation, the draw ring (52) is positioned adjacent a trim punch (28) mounted on the lower die section (10).

Abstract: The invention provides an arrangement for forming an elbow in a length of pipe comprising two internal die pins each mounted for rotation, as limbs of cranked assemblies, about the same axis, the internal die pins being angled with respect to the axis of rotation and meeting each other in surfaces lying in a plane normal to the axis of rotation, the surfaces being intersected by said axis of rotation; means for contra-rotating the cranked assemblies from a position at which the die pins are co-axial to a position at which they are aligned at a pre-determined angle with respect to each other.