Abstract: An apparatus for depositing thin films on a substrate includes at least one deposition module, a load lock module, a gate valve and a transportation mechanism for moving a substrate between the load lock and the at least one deposition module, the transportation mechanism being adapted to operate within ultra high vacuum conditions. The at least one deposition module is capable of maintaining an ultra high vacuum for depositing materials from reactive gases contained therein on a substrate. The load lock module is connected to the at least one deposition module by a gate valve and is capable of maintaining an ultra high vacuum. The transportation mechanism for moving the substrate between the load lock and the at least one deposition module is adapted to operate under ultra high vacuum conditions so that the substrate can be drawn from the load lock into the deposition module without breaking vacuum in the deposition module and contaminating the reactive gases contained therein.

Abstract: There is provided a disposable container for cat litter and the like having a bottom wall, a pair of oppositely disposed inside end walls and a pair of oppositely disposed inside side walls, with such inside and end side walls forming an upstanding, substantially continuous inner closure wall about the periphery of the bottom wall. The container further includes a pair of oppositely disposed outside end walls and a pair of oppositely disposed outside side walls, with such outside end and side walls corresponding to the inside end and side walls and forming an upstanding substantially continuous outer enclosure wall about the outer periphery of the inner enclosure wall, thereby forming a substantially open top, box-like structure with the bottom wall.

Abstract: An herb-stuffed, pest-repellent pet accessory in the form of a bone naturally repels pests from the vicinity of the accessory. The accessory may be used as a cushion or pillow against which the pet may nestle, or may be worn by the pet on a pet collar.

Abstract: A milking system for cows having a pair of parallel rows of milking stalls on an upper floor and an operator's cart adapted to move along the rows of stalls on a lower floor. An elongated opening is formed in the upper floor along the stalls through which one or more operators on the operator's cart may have access to the udder and teats of the cows to be milked. The stalls are provided with entry and exit gates; doors are provided for the elongated opening; spray bars are provided for cleaning and disinfecting the cows udders and teats; and suitable milking machines are provided for connection by the operators.

Abstract: An animal cage comprises an outer frame defining the peripheral edges of a box like enclosure, and a series of wall panels for releasably mounting in respective faces of the enclosure to form spaced side, end, and top and bottom walls of the enclosure. Each panel is held in the surrounding frame by spring loaded latch pins adjacent each end of the frame which are urged into corresponding openings in the frame and can be released at either end for swinging the panel open about the opposite end latch pin, or released at both ends for removing the panel from the frame. The frame is releasably securable to one or more additional frames arranged one on top of the other, side to side, or end to end. The internal wall panels may be removed to increase the height, width or length of the enclosure, or left in place to provide an assembly of separate cages for different animals.

Abstract: A pet animal cage for household use, the cage comprising a device for preventing the animal therefrom, the device comprising a sucker for attachment to the cage body, and a connecting arm for connection between the cage lid and the sucker, thereby securing the lid to the cage body without the possibility of removal by the animal inside.

Abstract: A pig holder which comprises a U-shaped support for holding pigs of different sizes together with a rubber band and buckles respectively located on each side of the U-shaped member. The U-shaped member extends above a base and is supported in a manner which permits free access to the body of the pig, allows adjusting the height of the U-shaped support and permits rotation of the U-shaped support about the base.

Abstract: An animal leash having a middle section, a first end section and a second end section, with the middle section having a pair of rings at each end, and with each end section having one end portion connected to one of the adjacent rings and another end portion having a connector for connection to the other adjacent ring for forming a loop at one end, both ends, or opposite end of the leash, as required.

Abstract: The gas generator comprises an electrolysis unit 10 in which gas is generated for subsequent mixing with fuel in an engine assembly. The engine assembly comprises an engine 17, a fuel container for the engine, the aforesaid electrolysis unit 10 and a mixing chamber 26 in which the generated gas is intermixed with the fuel from the fuel container prior to combustion in the engine.

Abstract: An electronically controlled fuel injection pump includes a control unit mounted on a pump body and having an internal cooling passage through which a fuel oil flows to cool electronic components of the control unit. On a wall or surface defining part of the cooling passage, there are disposed elongate ribs for preventing the fuel oil from lying stagnant in the cooling passage.

Abstract: An improved induction system for a V type engine that is tuned for substantially all running conditions and which is nevertheless compact in construction. The system includes a pair of plenum chambers each disposed adjacent one of the cylinder heads of the engine. Each cylinder head has at least two intake passages serving the respective cylinder bores and a first conduit extends from the adjacent plenum chamber to one of the intake passages and a second conduit extends from the other of the plenum chambers to the other intake passage. The plenum chambers communicate with each other at their opposite ends to improve air flow and a common inlet opening serves each plenum chamber inlet. A throttle valve arrangement is also incorporated so that good performance is achieved under all running conditions.

Abstract: An exhaust timing controller for controlling an exhaust timing member in a two cycle engine includes a control circuit for generating a control signal which actuates a mechanism for moving the exhaust timing member. The control circuit controls the member such that the member is drivable in a range from a fully open position to a fully closed position responsive to certain engine conditions including engine speed. A self cleaning cycle is provided which drives the exhaust timing member first to one position limit and then to the other. This may be performed with initial operation of the engine above a specified engine speed with the position of the exhaust timing member being independent of engine speed during cleaning.

Abstract: Composite camshaft for internal combustion engines, comprising a support shaft carrying a series of sintered cam members in which through-holes are formed in their lobe parts defining the cam profiles. The shaft is tubular and the cam members are coupled to the shaft by hot driving.

Abstract: The invention relates to a desmodromic system in which a valve stem is arranged to be acted upon directly, or by way of rockers, by an opening cam and a closing cam rotatable together at constant or varying angular velocity in synchronism with the rotation of the engine crankshaft, and in which a compliance device is incorporated in the transmission train from the cams to the valve stem, the compliance device comprising two cup-shaped members nested together with a limited relative movement between and resiliently urged away from one another, the compliance device operating to provide zero clearance when the valve is open and maximum clearance when closed to accommodate valve recession and thermal expansion.

Abstract: A relatively thin, post-mounted valve lever having a ball bearing pivot for operating an intake or exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine and having a lateral bearing surface which slidably engages aligned spaced lateral surfaces on a wide supporting post which maintain the rocking plane within the valve lever.

Abstract: A sealed-type hydraulic lash adjuster having a reservoir chamber holding a hydraulic oil having a molecular weight distribution substantially equal to the molecular weight distribution of the exterior oil surrounding the lash adjuster. The approximate matching of molecular weight distributions of the hydraulic oil within the lash adjuster, and the exterior oil contacting the outside of the lash adjuster ensures that the volume of oil in the reservoir chamber remains substantially constant, as the amount of hydraulic oil passing through the diaphragm of the lash adjuster from the reservoir is equal to the amount of exterior oil passing through the diaphragm into the reservoir chamber.

Abstract: An oil deflector adapted to be mounted on the stem of a valve of an internal combustion engine comprises a generally cup-shaped molded plastic member having a generally cylindrical section and a transversal end wall section having a bore with a radially inwardly opening groove for the acceptance of an O-ring.

Abstract: Multicylinder internal combustion engine of the type having a crankshaft and a block comprised of first and second mating half sections joined in a common plane which passes through and along the axis of the crankshaft. The half sections provides a crankcase crankshaft bearing support and cylinder portions. A unitized cylinder head and sleeve construction is provided. A cooperative securing mechanism is provided for securing the unitized cylinder head and sleeve construction to the engine block.

Abstract: For an internal combustion engine (2, 64) having a fluid filter (6, 60), a fluid retention cup (22, 50) is disposed around the filter and extends beneath the interface (12, 62) of the filter and the engine to catch fluid spills when the filter is loosened and removed from the engine. The cup has a filter-engaging portion (36-40, 58) engaging the filter and holding an retaining the filter after removal of the filter from the engine, a lip portion (32, 56) proximate and spaced from the interface of the filter and engine, and a reservoir portion (45, 54) communicating with the lip portion and collecting spilled fluid.

Abstract: The invention includes a fuel tank containing an emergency supply of fuel for an internal combustion engine in the general proximity of the engine, with the arrangement being such that proper communication from this alternate source of fuel directly to the air-fuel mixer of the engine is effected. The preferred example of the air-fuel mixer is a carburetor. In this way, by utilizing a reliable arrangement for the delivery of fuel directly to the carburetor, a temporary problem with the primary fuel supply can be circumvented.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine having two intake valves on one side and two exhaust valves on the other side of each cylinder, all four valves are displaced towards the exhaust valve side to provide room for a squish zone on the intake valve side. The squish zone is formed in such a way that the mixture is directed or "squished" in the direction of the spark plug to provide turbulence for improving combustion, especially during partial load operation.

Abstract: A device for controlling idling operation of an internal combustion engine comprising an actuator operatively connected to a throttle valve for controlling the opening degree of the throttle valve during engine idling operation, an actuator position sensor for sensing an operating position of the actuator, a first control unit adapted to receive output signals from an engine RPM sensor, a water temperature sensor which senses the temperature of engine cooling water and the actuator position sensor to control the operation of the actuator such that the opening degree of the throttle valve is adjusted to an appropriate level to maintain the RPMs of the engine during idling at a predetermined value corresponding to the sensed temperature of the cooling water, and a second control unit independently operated from said first control unit to control the operation of the actuator in accordance with the operating position of the actuator and the temperature of the cooling water so as to limit the operating position o

Abstract: Four-stroke combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having a cylinder in which a piston can move, a cylinder head with an intake manifold whose intake opening forms part of the cylinder head, said opening being opened or closed by an intake valve and with a by-pass which is separated from the main inlet channel and has a discharge opening direct into said inlet channel, upstream of the valve, whereby besides the by-pass (2) for air in the main inlet channel (6) also an injector (1) opens into this intake manifold (6) in such a place and such a position that the center line of the fuel jet is directed at the foot of the inlet valve (5).

Abstract: A cold start fuel enrichment circuit for an internal combustion engine includes a thermistor (204) sensing engine temperature, a voltage source (V.sub.DD) continually biasing the thermistor such that the voltage across the thermistor continually varies with engine temperature and provides an output fuel enrichment signal, and a circuit (218, 220) connecting the engine battery (206) through the start switch (208) to the thermistor to additionally bias the thermistor during cranking of the engine. A combination cold start and knock prevention fuel enrichment circuit is also provided.

Abstract: A feedback fuel metering control system is provided for an internal combustion engine and eliminates the need for high pressure fuel injectors, a high pressure fuel pump and a constant fuel pressure regulator. The system senses the amount of combustion air supplied to the engine, senses fuel flow velocity, and controls the amount of fuel supplied according to the amount of combustion air the fuel flow velocity.

Abstract: A learning and control apparatus for an electronically controlled internal combustion engine having such an object to be controlled as a fuel injection valve for controlling the air-fuel ratio in an air-fuel mixture or an idle speed control valve for controlling the idle rotation number of the engine wherein a pulse duty signal corresponding to a basic control value is set according to engine driving states. The basic control value is corrected by adding an appropriate correction value to the basic control value. Feedback control is carried out so that the actual controlled value is made to follow the aimed control value, and a learning correction quantity is computed by learning said feedback control so that the feedback control amount is set as small as possible.

Abstract: Compensation of an output from an oxygen concentration sensor of an air/fuel ratio control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is executed during engine warm-up, to correct for an erroneous component in the oxygen concentration sensor output data caused by incomplete combustion during warm-up. The degree of compensation applied is determined by the engine operating temperature, as represented by the cooling water temperature. Excessive richness of the air/fuel ratio of the mixture supplied to the engine during warm-up is thereby eliminated.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for an engine in which a fuel injection amount is calculated according to the engine operating conditions and is corrected according to the output of an air-fuel ratio sensor, comprises a base fuel injection amount calculating section for calculating a base fuel injection amount corresponding to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio on the basis of the intake air amount, a target air-fuel ratio calculating section for calculating a target air-fuel ratio according to the engine operating condition, a reference value calculating section for calculating a reference value which represents the target air-fuel ratio and is submitted to comparison with the output of the air-fuel ratio sensor, a feedback correction coefficient calculating section for calculating a feedback coefficient according to the deviation of the output of the air-fuel ratio sensor from the reference value, and a final fuel injection amount calculating section which corrects the base fuel-injection amount on the basi

Abstract: In controlling ignition timing in accordance with a deviation between a target ignition timing determined on the basis of at least an engine load and an engine speed and an actual ignition timing detected by use of an ignition timing sensor, when non-perfect explosion operating conditions, wherein an ignition signal is difficult to detect, or operating conditions in which the ignition signal is instable are present, an open loop control on the basis of the engine load and the engine speed is effected. Feedback control is effected when the ignition signal is detected with neither non-perfect explosion operating conditions nor instable ignition signal operating conditions being present. When the ignition signal is not detected, the aforesaid open loop control is effected and a trouble in the ignition timing sensor is detected.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump of the distributor type in which to attain low injection rates in the idling range, longitudinal slits or longitudinal conduits are provided in the jacket face of the pump piston in accordance with the number of supply strokes of the pump piston. The slits or conduits are in continuous communication with an annular groove and the adjoining annular slide which is the quantity adjusting device of the fuel injection pump. The slits on conduits come in turn into communication with a control opening during the supply stroke of the pump piston via which opening the pump work chamber can be relieved whenever in the course of the pump piston stroke movement a second outlet opening of a relief conduit extending in the pump piston and communicating with the pump work chamber, comes into communication with the annular groove.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filtering fuel collector arranged inside a fuel tank to provide a running reserve fuel supply for a combustion engine when subjected to considerable g forces or while inclined. A running fuel reserve is obtained by making the fuel collector out of a porous, dimensionally stable material capable of supplying the collector with fuel when the engine is running.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a small craft including a hull, an engine and a fuel tank in the hull, and a fuel supply system for carrying fuel from the tank to the engine. The supply system includes a suction pipe having an inlet opening within the tank. A fuel retention device is connected to the pipe around the inlet opening and it retains fuel at the inlet opening to prevent air from entering the opening when the opening is above the fuel level for a short time.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for an engine has integrating means for integrating an error signal which is the difference between a reference voltage and an output voltage of an O.sub.2 -sensor and for producing an integration signal. In response to the integration signal, the air-fuel ratio is controlled to a desired value. When fuel vapor in a canister of the engine is purged, an integration constant of the integrating means is increased for a predetermined time in order to allow a deviation of the air-fuel ratio to quickly converge.

Abstract: A discharge system is proposed which serves to introduce volatilized fuel into an intake tube of an internal combustion engine. The discharge system includes a discharge regulation valve, which on one side is located at an outlet line of an absorber element that emits volatilized fuel and on the other side is located at an outflow line which leads to the intake tube downstream of a throttle device. The discharge regulation valve includes a bottom portion and a cover between which one end of a leaf spring is firmly fastened. The other end of the leaf spring is loosely guided in a gap between the bottom portion and the cover. An armature is joined to the leaf spring and a valve closing body is secured to the armature remote from the leaf spring. A core is secured on a magnet housing disposed in the bottom portion and has a through conduit, which at one end terminates at a valve seat.

Abstract: A mechanical supercharger utilized in internal combustion engines includes a housing having an inlet port, outlet port and a bypass passage disposed in the housing for connecting the inlet port and the outlet port with each other. A relief valve is disposed in the bypass passage for releasing an air pressure from the outlet port to the inlet port.

Abstract: A stone saw comprises a revolving sawing rope, a backing roller supporting the revolving sawing rope at each end of a sawing portion on one side of the sawing rope axis against cutting pressure exerted upon the sawing rope, the cutting pressure causing radial wear on the backing rollers, a feed drive for feeding the sawing rope in a revolving direction over the backing rollers, and housings supporting the backing rollers and pivotally adjustable about the sawing rope axis in dependence on the revolving direction of the sawing rope, the backing rollers being mounted in the housings transversely adjustably to the axes thereof and to the sawing rope axis. A clearance sensor is associated with, and radially spaced from, the backing roller for detecting the clearance between the sensor and the backing roller, the distance varying with the radial wear of the backing roller, the clearance sensor emitting a control signal corresponding to the detected clearance.

Abstract: A pyrolytic self-clean gas double wall oven having over and under ovens, and an exhaust manifold on top which receives combustion products from both ovens and vents them through a single front port. The flue pipe from the bottom oven runs up along the back of the upper oven and enters the manifold above the flue pipe for the upper oven. The entrance of the upper oven to the manifold is larger than the lower oven entrance and larger than the flue pipe exit from the upper oven so as to avoid putting a back pressure on the upper oven. Both ovens are encased by an air chamber through which air is forced to cool the outside surfaces of the double wall oven.

Abstract: A disposable cover for covering the cooking surface of an outdoor charcoal fueled barbecue grill and directing the quantity and flow of air beneath the cover when it is placed onto the cooking surface of said grill. The cover is made from a manually formable material having a plurality of perforations arranged in rows, the perforations of each of the rows being in staggered radial relationship with the perforations of adjacent rows. The outward facing side of the cover has a highly polished shiny reflective metallic finish for reducing the radiant heat transfer from the grill and the inwardly facing surface has a coating of aromatic wood chips and a bonding agent for enhancing the flavor of food cooked on the grill.

Abstract: A removable ash collector is for use with barbecue grills having a central ash discharge opening, the grill being supported by outwardly and downwardly extending legs. The ash collector includes a conical support ring, having a downwardly and inwardly sloping inner surface, and a catch basin removably mounted beneath the support ring. The support ring has J-shaped slots in its upper edge by which the ring is mounted to the legs. The support ring acts as a guide for ashes discharged from the ash discharge opening and as the support element for the ash catch basin. The catch basin has a number of generally L-shaped hooks extending from its upper rim which engage appropriately shaped hook supports mounted to the support ring. This permits a catch basin filled with ashes to be removed without the mess or bother associated with conventional ash catchers of the type mounted directly to the legs.

Abstract: A solar energy absorber module having a molded top sheet of translucent plastic material and a molded bottom sheet of solar absorbing plastic material bonded together by circular bond indentations in the body thereof spaced from each other a distance equal to the diameter of the circular bond thereby forming a plurality of convex lens-like elliptical sites for augmentation of solar energy and a plurality of longitudinal tortuous sinusoidal channels in communication with a header at each end of the module for passage of working fluid therethrough.

Abstract: A delivery system for intracavitational brachytherapy comprising a body of material which is absorbable in animal tissue and a plurality of radioactive seeds within the body and encapsulated in the body. In one form, the body comprises a hollow exterior wall with a separate central chamber such that the hollow exterior wall will accommodate growth of body tissue such as brain tissue. In another form, the body comprises a solid hollow body having the seeds held in the center of the body that can be inserted in the cavity to be treated. In another form, a flat sheet is attached tangentially to the hollow exterior wall to facilitate placement over the brain.

Abstract: A therapeutic treatment table having a lifting mechanism to allow lowering of the therapeutic treatment table close to the ground support surface and having a releasable connecting means to automatically connect or release the oscillating means from the therapeutic treatment table and an adjusting means to vary the degree of oscillation of the therapeutic treatment table.

Abstract: A spinal scoliosis fixation implant comprises a plurality of devices which are associated with respective vertebrae and which are interconnected by a single semi-rigid wire, or by a cable with abutment ferrules. Each device may comprise a bone screw or hook with a slotted, externally threaded head into which is inserted the wire or cable and thereon a clamping element which projects slightly from the mouth of the slot, and a nut which is screwed onto the head to press the clamping element onto the wire or cable. The wire or cable can be unclamped, to permit adjustment of the device along the wire or cable, by simply untightening the nut.

Abstract: A filter for various types of tracheal tubes has a tubular filter holder which is inserted into or snapped onto the outer end of an existing tracheal tube. A fibrous filter which may be treated with a germicidal agent is received in the filter holder. A removable end cap having a filter screen is disposed on the end of the filter holder. In one embodiment, the filter holder is constructed integrally with the end cap, and disposable fibrous filters are utilized. The end cap may be constructed as a decorative jewelry item, and may be provided with a decorative strap or chain for wearing around the user's neck. The strap or chain also functions as a retainer for the filter holder.

Abstract: A heart pacemaker for supplying pacing signals to a heart includes circuitry for controlling operation of the pacemaker in dependence upon the occurrence of heart sounds. The pacemaker includes a detector for such sounds and circuitry for generating a control signal therefrom which is supplied to the basic pacing circuitry.

Abstract: A steerable guidewire has an elongate main wire having a tapered distal portion and a helical coil mounted about the distal portion. The distal end of the coil extends beyond the distal tip of the tapered distal portion of the main wire. An inner helical coil is disposed within the outer coil is secured at its proximal end to the distal tip of the tapered distal portion of the main wire and at its distal end to the distal end of the outer coil. The device does not have a separate safety wire, the inner coil serving as the sole safety connection between the main wire and the outer coil. The omission of the conventional safety wire and the use of the dual coil construction provides a tip which is equally flexible in all directions. Gradual selected transitions in stiffness may be achieved by varying the spacing of the individual turns of the inner and outer coils.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for arterial and venous blood sampling is described. The apparatus includes efficient structure for purging the fluid line and a fluid sampling device chamber of residue heparinized IV solution to obtain a sufficiently undiluted blood sample without excessive blood waste and risk of entry of air, line contamination/nosocomial infection or misdiagnosis. The apparatus is also specially designed to protect the clinician from either self-contamination from patient fluids or accidental injury from needle puncture.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the blood pressure of a patient, comprising a catheter, a first transducer mounted in an end portion of said catheter so as to produce at an output thereof a signal corresponding to blood pressure variation thereat, means defining an opening in said catheter at a point near said first transducer so that the blood pressure at said opening is the same as the blood pressure applied to said first transducer, means coupled to said first transducer for deriving a first signal in which the low frequency components of the signal provided by said first transducer are de-emphasized, and means including a second transducer coupled to said catheter at a point remote from said opening for deriving a second signal in which the high frequency components of the blood pressure variations at said opening are de-emphasized.

Abstract: An instrument for inserting a deformable intraocular lens into the eye, and which is constructed so that the deformable lens is grasped in its undeformed state by two jaws which are forced together by a ramp thereby deforming the lens, as the jaws are drawn into a tube, the deformed lens being held in position by the confinement of the jaws by the tube. The jaws and deformed lens are inserted through an incision into the eye using the walls of the small incision to help compress the jaws and the lens. The jaws and the lens are then left inside the eye with the jaws being detached from the instrument. Part of the jaws protrude from the eye to allow the surgeon to remove the jaws from the eye leaving the lens inside the eye.

Abstract: A trephine for cutting a groove in the cornea of an eye comprising a fixation member and a shaft having first and second blades mounted thereon. The fixation member includes a bearing, and the shaft is receivable within the bearing. The fixation member can be affixed to the eye, and the shaft, when received in the bearing, is rotatable in the bearing so that the blades can make cuts in the cornea. By making cuts in the cornea which intersect, a segment of the cornea can be removed to provide the groove.