Abstract: A mechanized roof shingle laying system has a plurality of lateral supports which are attached to a roof. Desirably, a plurality of horizontal track sections span the entire roof and engage alignment tabs on the lateral supports. A carriage, ridden by an operator, is movable along the horizontal track sections. Shingles carried by the carriage are laid on the roof along a lip guide of the horizontal track sections and produce an accurate alignment of the shingles. When a row of shingles has been laid in alignment upon the roof and fastened thereto, the horizontal track supports are moved to an adjacently spaced alignment tab of the lateral supports so that another row of shingles can be positioned on the roof. The system provides a high production rate with consistently good accurate alignment of the shingles.

Abstract: Packaging apparatus for facilitating the rapid hand packing of fragile ingredients such as used in salads. Mechanisms are provided to transport empty containers to a filling station, introducing the ingredients by a hard raking procedure into the container and then further moving the containers to a weighing station and finally passing them for sealing and packaging. Facilities are included so that containers of a number of different sizes can be accommodated.

Abstract: An apparatus 10 for effecting sealing of a fused quartz ampoule 24 while maintaining a vacuum on the ampoule via system 12 is disclosed. A plug 28 of fused quartz is lowered into the vertically disposed ampoule 24 (while maintaining the vacuum thereon) and heat sealed therein to prevent any vapor escape from, or contamination of, the contained semiconductor growth charge 29 during subsequent semiconductor crystal growth processes. A rotary vacuum feed-through mechanism 16 selectively rotates axle 34 and spool 32 to unwind wire 30 for lowering of plug 28 into the reduced diameter portion 24b of ampoule 24. Ampoule 24 is hermatically connected to vacuum housing 18 by quick release flange 20 wherein O-ring 22 retains ampoule 24.

Abstract: A method of packing a flat, angular item having two opposite large faces, two opposite side faces and two opposite end faces. Each end face is bounded by two short end face edges, a first long end face edge and a second long end face edge.

Abstract: The machine consists of a first flow line which conveys box blanks from feed station to a box-filling station, a second flow line for products, leading to a third station where the products are collated to form groups which are then transferred to the box-filling station where they are inserted into the boxes, and finally a third line which carries the boxes made at this latter station, each boxes containing a group of products, to a fourth station where the boxes are completed.

Abstract: Apparatus, particularly, for packing egg cartons into wire baskets includes a movable tray for delivering cartons to a basket filling station where the cartons are lowered into the basket. Tines support the cartons after the movable tray is withdrawn and a movable press urges the cartons downwardly onto the tines while the tines move downwardly. The sequence is repeated and layers of cartons are progressively added to fill the basket. A sensor determines when the baskets are full and removes full baskets and replaces new baskets for filling. The basket filling station is fed from multiple filling trays fed by multiple conveyors.

Abstract: Self-propelled walk-behind lawn mower having a rear discharge chute. The rear wheels of the lawn mower are driven by the engine through an axle which is fixed relative to the outer housing and which extends below the discharge chute so as to not interfere with the flow of grass clippings from the discharge chute. A transmission is provided for driving the rear wheels and is offset to one side of the discharge chute so as to be clear of the path of discharged grass. All four wheels of the mower are simultaneously adjustable and the driven rear wheels are adjustably by pivotal movement of a driving transmission that interconnects the wheels with the driven axle. In addition, a combing arrangement is provided on the outer housing for combing grass upwardly before it reaches the cutting blade.

Abstract: A 3-bar Raschel warp knit fabric for use in grasscatcher bags which has an additional yarn knit in to provide a lower elongation yarn in the course direction to prevent the grasscatcher bag from dragging the ground as it is being filled.

Abstract: An agricultural implement is disclosed for raking and tedding a swath of hay into a tedded windrow with a single pass of the implement along the swath of hay. The implement includes a plurality of circular rake wheels and a rotatable tedder, both mounted on a common base frame. First and second height adjustment mechanisms are included for the selective, independent adjustment of the height of the tedder and the height of the rake wheels. A lateral adjustment mechanism is provided for selectively adjusting the lateral relationship of the implement with respect to a towing vehicle.

Abstract: A hydraulic apparatus for remotely controlling the operative mode selector of a motor vehicle automatic transmission. The apparatus comprises a master cylinder having an input member operatively connected to the transmission operative mode selection or shift lever placed at the disposal of the motor vehicle operator, and a slave cylinder mounted on or proximate the transmission casing and having an output member connected to the transmission operative mode selector, the master cylinder and the slave cylinder being placed in fluid communication through flexible conduits such that each displacement of the master cylinder piston as a result of displacement of the master cylinder input member causes a corresponding displacement of the slave cylinder piston coupled to the slave cylinder output member.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a cable having a plurality of filamentary members such as wires, optical fibres or the like within an extruded thermoplastic sheath the members are twisted into a periodically reversing helical configuration immediately prior to the extrusion of the sheath around them, and the extruded sheath is rapidly cooled on emergence from the extruder head so as to cause the extrudate to set and thereby retain the members in the twisted condition.

Abstract: A process and machine for making a cord in a structure of one or more layers of filaments, all twisted with a same twist pitch p around a core in which the filaments are not twisted around each other with that same twist pitch p. The cord is made in one continous process in which the core filaments are bundled in a twister, then the layer filaments are joined in parallel to the core bundle on exit from the twister, and the whole is then twisted in a double-twist bunching machine.

Abstract: A process for operating an open-end friction spinning machine is provided in which the spinning units each have at least two friction areas that form a yarn-forming region. At least a part of the friction effect is determined separately for each friction surface. The friction effect is compared between such friction surfaces. A corresponding open-end friction spinning machine apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: In the case of an arrangement for producing staple fiber yarn that is first prespun on an air spinning machine and that subsequently is finish-spun on a simplified ring spinning machine, it is provided that the air spinning machine and the ring spinning machine, by means of a conveying device for the spools receiving the prespun yarn, are connected to form a machine system, the ring spinning machine of which and the air spinning machine of which each have a number of spinning points that are coordinated with one another.

Abstract: A bearing and driving unit for a spinning rotor of an open-end spinning unit is provided. A braking element is provided for braking a rotor shaft, and a cleaning element is provided for cleaning the rotor shaft. Actuating elements are provided for activating and deactivating the braking element and the cleaning element. The cleaning element is applied to the rotor shaft with a contact force which is controlled independent of a contact force control of the braking element.

Abstract: In a coal gasification plant there is a requirement for supplying oxygen to the coal gasifier in order to produce coal gas fuel. An oxygen plant will produce oxygen and nitrogen from an input supply of compressed air. In the presence of a fired gas turbine which is supplied with coal gas fuel, the waste heat from the fired gas turbine may be used to heat compressed air for driving an air cycle turbine. The air cycle turbine in turn drives an air cycle compressor for producing air to the oxygen plant. The nitrogen gas by-product from the oxygen plant is injected into the air cycle for disposal through the air turbine.

Abstract: An integrated coal gasification plant and combined cycle system employs a supply of compressed air bled off at an intermediate pressure from an air compressor portion of a gas turbine to supply the compressed-air needs of an oxygen plant associated with the coal gasification plant. The high-temperature exhaust from the turbine section of the gas turbine is employed to generate steam in a heat recovery steam generator. The steam drives a steam turbine to produce additional mechanical output. In order to compensate for the removal of the compressed air fed to the oxygen plant, the spent steam from the steam turbine is added to the compressed air and fuel in the combustor portion of the gas turbine. The unexpended energy in the steam fed to the combustor is recovered by expansion in the turbine of the gas turbine and by absorption in the heat receovery stem generator.

Abstract: A combustor liner is supported from a surrounding diffuser case, and restricted from upstream movement by radial surfaces of complimentary radial lugs. A split seal ring seals against the downstream outside edge of the liner and the upstream facing surface of a downstream located blade platform. An outwardly extending flange cooperates with a waveform washer to bias the seat against the blade platform. The flange cooperates with the seal ring itself to restrict downstream movement of the liner.

Abstract: A turbine engine, having a cooling passage diverting a part of the airflow from the turbine compressor for impingement upon the turbine blades, includes a concentric pair of apertured rings disposed in the passage for variably obstructing flow through the cooling passage between zero and a maximal value. One of the rings is fixed to the turbine housing, while the other of the rings is rotatable with respect to the first ring and the housing. The mobile ring can be rotated by a pressurized cylinder and piston assembly, or by a biasing device causing abutment of a stop on the second ring against an abutment surface on a cam. The cylinder and piston are actuated, or the cam is rotated, in dependence upon an engine operating characteristic such as engine speed, pressure, temperature, flight condition or other determinable parameter.

Abstract: A ducted fan gas turbine powerplant is mounted to aircraft structure via a single plane mounting which comprises a single peripheral array of struts which connect the core gas generator, the fan cowl and the aircraft structure. The structure which connects the struts to the core gas generator is extended downstream of the array of struts and terminates in a plain bearing. A downstream portion of the core gas generator includes a cylindrical portion which is in sliding engagement with the plain bearing, so that radial forces generated by the movement arm, the fulcrum of which coincides with the strut connection with the core gas generator are transmitting via the struts to the aircraft structure and relative axial expansion between the extension and the core gas generator is enabled.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of motorcycle exhaust systems including control valves for controlling the effective area of the exhaust pipes and for improving performance by preventing reflections from one exhaust pipe back into the cylinder served by another exhaust pipe. The valve means lies under the engine crankcase and the crankcase is formed with a recess for clearing the valve means and permitting air flow across it for cooling purposes. Various valving arrangements are disclosed as is a skid plate arrangement for protecting the valve means.

Abstract: A drive device of the type utilizing the property of shape memory alloys comprising a first wheel (12) and a second wheel (16) drivingly coupled together by means of a wire loop (20) of a shape memory alloy and a generator and/or a fan (7) coupled as an integral part of the drive device in such a way that a forced cooling of the wire loop (20) is obtained.

Abstract: A vacuum brake booster is provided with a front shell coupled to a master cylinder and a rear shell adapted for attachment to a vehicle fire wall. The front shell is provided with a unidirectional accurate portion between radially inner and outer extremes in order to reduce the normal force imparted to the front shell during braking and thereby reduce deflection.

Abstract: This apparatus for removing air from a hydraulic system having a master cylinder, a wheel cylinder disposed at a lower level than the master cylinder, with a hydraulic line connecting the cylinders, and an adjustable bleed nipple at the brake cylinder. The method includes the steps of filling a syringe with fluid and injecting it into the wheel cylinder via the open bleed nipple and through the hydraulic line to the master cylinder where air bubbles rise in the fluid therein and are dispersed to ambient air.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling the charging pressure of an exhaust gas turbocharger in which the turbine driving the compressor is adapted to be regulated by means of a by-pass valve that is acted upon with control pressure by an electromagnetic timing valve. The timed cycle duration variable by a control apparatus in dependence on the deviation from the desired charging pressure of the internal combustion engine. For reasons of operating safety, two control lines with slightly different pressure levels and each consisting of a control apparatus, of a timing valve and of a control pressure line are connected with a shifting valve, from which a common control pressure line leads to the by-pass valve.

Abstract: A waste-heat turbine unit is equipped with a rotating cylinder that is formed as a hollow body that carries a blading on its exterior. The blading is subjected to the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine that is a component of a drive assembly, particularly for motor vehicles. The blading, that is located adjacent to exhaust gas duct outlets of the internal-combustion engine, extends spirally along the cylinder. As a result, the stability of the cylinder is increased, and the heat transfer from the exterior to the interior of the cylinder is optimized, whereby the utilization of energy is improved.

Abstract: Continuous concentration of solar heat on a fluid contained in a fixed, spherical boiler chamber, whereby the fluid is vaporized and thus drives a turbine, is effected by means of a paraboloidal reflector to which solar countermotion about the boiler center point is externally imparted by a carriage. Mounted on a base of variable configuration, the upper surface of which lies in a polar plane, a single configuration of reflector and carriage will operate throughout the time from sunrise to sunset on every day of the year, without structural change, at any suitable site in the torrid and temperate zones of the earth, regardless of the lattitude of the site. The turbine and boiler chamber are supported by cantilever members of an independent power plant structure. Reflector efficiency is maximized by the absence of shadow, brought about by the omission of that part of a conventional, fully circular paraboloid which would traverse the shadows of said turbine and of said cantilever members.

Abstract: A solar evaporator for use with Stirling engines consisting of a dish shape hollow body having wicking containing a vaporizable liquid heating medium. The body has a pair of separate chambers to reduce the distance that capillary pressure is required to pump the heating medium and the chambers are thermally coupled by the wicking so that the temperatures in the chambers is at all times equalized.

Abstract: The use of hot gas generators which produce corrosive or abrasive products of combustion have precluded the use of gas turbines in a direct flow path of the combustion products. It is preferable to utilize non-contact gas to gas heat exchangers in order to transfer heat from a hot gas stream to a working fluid. A first heat exchanger connected to a gas furnace is used to raise the temperature of an air turbine inlet gas. A second heat exchanger is used to raise the temperature (prewarm) of compressor discharge air to the air turbine air inlet, the second heat exchanger connected to the air turbine exhaust. A third heat exchanger preheats the air input into a furnace.

Abstract: In an engine (1), supercharged by a turbocompressor unit and provided with a bypass pipe (14), the exhaust gas manifold (13) of the engine has a small and constant section, the junction between the bypass pipe (14) and the gas inlet (11) of the turbine (5) is located upstream of the first junction (18) between the manifold (13) and pipes (12) connecting the work chambers (2) of the engine (1) to the manifold (13) and the bypass pipe (14) includes throttling means (15) which are such that the difference between the total pressures prevailing directly in the outlet (7) of the compressor (6) and upstream of the turbine (5) substantially only depend on the first of said pressures.

Abstract: In magnetic refrigeration wherein a magnetic Ericsson cycle or a magnetic Stirling cycle is realized, the present invention forms a heat path by which heat of a magnetic working substance at an isofield stage of high magnetic field or an isomagnetization stage of high magnetization is given to the magnetic working substance at an isofield stage of low magnetic field or an isomagnetization stage of low magnetization.

Abstract: A thermoelectric cooling design of the type having a nonconducting substrate mounting thermoelectric coolers is improved. Provisions for a flexible can and improved heat dissipation from the thermoelectric coolers are provided. For improved thermal response, the refrigerated vacuum can is provided with thin walls of high purity aluminum with the result that deformation of the wall surface, especially the bottom wall surface can occur both with respect to installation. A plurality of can heat sinks are placed on the walls of the can to form a unitary and locally rigid side wall to the can at the point of attachment. At least one thermoelectric cooler is communicated to the can heat sinks at a first side for receiving heat energy from the can. A second discharge heat sink is communicated to each thermoelectric cooler for dissipating heat energy from both the can and the thermoelectric cooler.

Abstract: A refrigerant fluid trap for a vacuum evaporator for depositing a thin metal film including a U-shaped structure for passage of refrigerant fluid, forming an interior space for trapping condensable vapors. In said interior space there is housed a titanium evaporation source.

Abstract: Start-up problems in an intermittently operated evaporative cooling system to low temperature environments is avoided by the provision of one or more heaters 62, 64, 66 in the system. Typically the system will include an evaporator 10, a compressor 24, a condenser 42, a receiver 62 and an expansion valve 56. When low ambient temperatures reduce internal pressure within the system to a value below which it can be started through operation of the compressor 24, the heaters 62, 64, 66 may be energized to vaporize refrigerant and thus generate a pressure of sufficient magnitude so as to allow starting.

Abstract: A refrigerating apparatus includes a compressor, a condenser, a capillary and an evaporator. A bypass conduit with a valve is arranged so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor will bypass at least the condenser and the capillary so as to return to the inlet side of the compressor. The pressure or the temperature of the refrigerant in the apparatus is sensed by a sensor. When the sensed value is less than a prescribed value, the valve is opened to return the hot gas to the compressor. The compressor is driven for elevating its temperature.

Abstract: An ice machine control having a dump valve in the water circulation system for diverting water from the mold so that the system is cleared of unwanted water at the start of an ice making cycle, while the ice mold is allowed to cool to well below freezing before water begins to circulate over the mold.

Abstract: A decorative clip for use as a jewelry item is disclosed which shines and glitters in the dark and emits perfume. This shining and glittering effect is achieved by placing an LED or an LCD device powered by a small battery beneath a decorative housing. When the clip is worn, the circuit between the battery and the LED or LCD is completed such that current may flow. In addition, a perfume dispenser is provided integral to the clip such that a fragrance is continuously emitted without interacting with the body chemistry of the wearer of the clip. The perfume dispenser is detachable so that the perfume may be changed or refilled as the wearer desires.

Abstract: In a combination appliance comprising a dryer mounted above an automatic washer wherein access to the basket of the washer is limited, the basket of the washer tilts forward automatically to improve access as the lid is opened by the user. The basket is located within a tub that in turn is mounted on a resiliently supported frame. A cable connected between the lid and a lower portion of the rear of the tub is maintained in tension by a pulley that is spring-mounted to the interior of the cabinet. As the lid is opened, the cable is pulled along the pulley to tilt the basket forward on the resiliently supported frame for improved access by the user to the interior of the basket.

Abstract: In a clothes washer of the type which has an array of tuckers and which is reciprocated vertically toward and away from the bottom of a container of washing liquid, a diaphragm is mounted to have an extended orientation during downward stroke for displacing liquid, and a relatively collapsed orientation during upward stroke, and a volume-outlining, clothes-restraining open uper structure provided over the diaphgram, this open structure extending upwardly from the diaphragm so that at least a part of it extends above the normal liquid level when the washer is in its lowest position. In action, as the diaphragm displaces liquid downwardly, the open structure, in following behind the diaphragm, restrains articles of clothes from moving inwardly over the diaphragm but allows liquid to move inwardly through the clothes and through the open structure to fill in behind the diaphragm.

Abstract: A key retainer, primarily having the facility for manually manipulating a key from a stored, inoperative position to a partially stored operation position, is disclosed. The key retainer includes a top planar semi-flexible member and bottom planar semi-flexible member, both of which are joined to one another generally, along their perimeters and vertical center lines, to form two adjacent key storing facilities. Each key storing facility is provided with a key receiving slot for inserting a key within the key storing facility, and a finger-manipulating aperture for manually transferring the key from a stored position to a partially stored operative position through an opening provided in the joining means. A major advantage of the key retaining arrangement, is the absence of key connecting devices usually associated with key retainers.

Abstract: A method of water cooling a hot-rolled steel plate is disclosed. In this method, while a hot-rolled steel plate is being advanced lengthwise, a plurality of nozzles spray cooling water to the steel plate, and thus the plate is cooled to a predetermined temperature at a predetermined cooling rate. Before, while and after the plurality of nozzles carry out water-cooling, temperatures are consistently measured at predetermined temperature measurement points in cross-sectional areas of temperature measurement positions which are arranged lengthwise at predetermined locations of the steel plate. Each time such measurement is performed, degree of deformation of the plate is calculated on the basis of temperature differences between the temperature measurement points. When the calculated degree of deformation is not within an allowable range, corrections are made on the distribution of the water supplied by the plurality of nozzles.

Abstract: A ring sizer includes a handle assembly which rotates about a post with first roller and gear mounted on the post to cooperate with a second roller and gear on the handle assembly. A rotatable handle on the handle assembly moves the second roller and gear towards the first roller and gear. A pair of keeper pins on the handle assembly hold a ring on the first roller while the second roller exerts pressure on the ring shank to lengthen it. A groove in the second roller matches the cross-section of the ring shank to eliminate stretch marks and marring on the ring shank. The ring has a shank with a thick portion diametric to the jewel portion. The method of using a ring sizer calls for tightening the grooved roller adjacent the non-thick portions of the shank, so that no dents are caused in the shank. Beveled edges in the shank eliminate stretch marks and sharp edges during sizing.

Abstract: A draw/emboss work station (18) of the invention includes emboss punch apparatus (86) moveable by a lever (340) and a hydraulic system under control of a press slide (34). Pressure sleeve apparatus (92) is slideable with respect to the emboss punch apparatus (86) and is responsive to force applied to it by the press slide (34). An emboss punch head (96) is moved downwardly into a cup-shaped article (14) to bring the article into a draw/emboss die (146) having an interior reduced diameter part (148). The emboss punch head (96) then remains stationary and spaced from the reduced diameter part a predetermined distance to define an annular opening. The pressure sleeve apparatus (92) incuding a pressure sleeve (130) is then forced downwardly into engagement with a shoulder (64) on the cup (14), and forces the cup (14) through the annular opening to thereby simultaneously draw the sidewalls of the cup (14) and transfer the design of the emboss punch head (96) to the inside surface of the cup (14).

Abstract: An apparatus for forming tapered threads to a workpiece such as a pipe comprises a casing and a supporting member attached to one side of the casing, and three support plates rotatably attached to the supporting member. Roller members or cam members are secured to the support plates, respectively, to be rotatable with respect thereto and rolling dies are also secured to the support plates. The rolling dies are rotated by an electric motor through a power transmission mechanism. The workpiece is inserted into a space defined by the supporting dies to be subjected to the roll-forming operation.

Abstract: A pipe bender assembly comprising a pipe bender and a pipe clamp (36) cooperable therewith, the pipe bender including a body (10), a main die (12) forming part of, or mounted on the body, the main die having at least one part annular groove on its periphery. A circular shaping die (16) having an annular groove on its periphery and rotatable about its own axis, which is parallel to the axis of the main die, is supported on a mounting (16) so that it is rotatable about the axis of the main die. The mounting (16) is drivable by a reduction gear (20,22,24,26). An abutment surface (32) is formed on the body of the pipe bender and the pipe clamp has a pipe receiving bore therethrough and an outer surface including at least two faces (50,58) each selectively engageable accurately with the abutment surface to position temporarily the pipe clamp with respect to the pipe bender, the faces (50,58) extending at an angle to one another when viewed along the axis of the pipe receiving bore.

Abstract: A device for axial displacement for a roll in a rolling stand. The roll is mounted in a chock which is guided in a roll housing. The chock is adjustably guided in the rolling stand. The roll is axially displaced by a hydraulic piston-cylinder assemblies acting on the rolling stand and connected to the support member of the roll bearing. The roll bearing is axially slidingly guided in the chock. The chock has a guide for a sliding carriage which is provided with a coupling device for the roll neck. The hydraulic piston-cylinder assemblies are articulated to this sliding carriage.

Abstract: An indirect extrusion press and method of operating the press. The press includes a container with opposite axial ends and an axial cavity for receiving a billet. The container is mounted for aligning the axial cavity with the extrusion axis. A bolster is disposed adjacent one axial end of the container for blocking movement of a billet out of the cavity when a force is applied against the billet from the other axial end of the container. A ram is mounted on the side of the container adjacent the other axial end of the container for movement in the axial direction of the container. The ram has an axial passage therethrough aligned with the extrusion axis. A rotatable turret is mounted on the ram, and a hollow pressing stem is mounted on the turret. The turret is rotatable for placing the hollow pressing stem in a first position aligned with the extrusion axis, and in a second position off of the extrusion axis.

Abstract: A wire rolling machine comprising a pair of parallel drive shafts, a housing mounted for swinging movement on each drive shaft, and a first gear within the housing secured to each drive shaft. A second gear within the housing is driven by the first gear, a driven shaft within the housing bearing at one end the second end and emerging from the housing and bearing at an end opposite the second gear a driven roll. Each driven roll has a peripheral groove, the peripheral grooves being adapted to be brought into registry with each other when the housings are swung toward each other. The driven shafts swing in a common plane. Structure is provided to swing the housings relative to each other about the drive shafts.

Abstract: To protect a heat shield arrangement over a hot-rolling mill, at the entry end of the table contact members of large mass are suspended over the path of the hot material to form a height barrier for distorted material. The members are suspended displaceably from bars on a cantilevered support that leaves one side of the table open for the removal of scrapped material. The bars pass through contoured apertures in the members which permit the members to move in forwards and upwards so that when struck by the material they can lift and can also yield to the frictional force of the material travelling under them. The loading on the cantilevered support is thereby reduced. Reduction in peak loadings also result from mounting the members on an upwardly pivotable cantilever frame and by damping the return movements of the members and/or the frame.

Abstract: A method of producing concentric knockouts on a planar portion of sheet metal to be formed into an equipment housing. The sheet metal is successively positioned with respect to punch sets of increasing diameter and knockout portions of increasing size are sequentially cut, but for retaining anchors, to surround previously cut portions. Successive knockout portions are cut by punches moving in opposing directions. The punch sets comprise a cutting punch and an embedding punch. The cutting punch cuts and displaces the knockout in a first direction and the embedding punch of the same punch set moves in an opposite direction to at least partially restore the cut and displaced portion within the surrounding portions of the sheet metal.