Abstract: An all-hydraulic brake release system is disclosed for use on a vehicle having a transmission fluid pressure source, a brake fluid pressure source and a spring-applied, fluid pressure-released vehicle brake. The system has a control valve block which is hydraulically connected to the transmission fluid pressure source, the brake fluid pressure source and the brake. A first, transmission clutch pressure-responsive valve in the block controls the fluid connection between the brake fluid pressure source and the vehicle brake. A second, brake fluid pressure-responsive valve in the block controls the communication of brake fluid pressure to a pilot end of the first valve. If either brake fluid pressure or transmission clutch pressure falls below respective predetermined values, the first valve closes to cut off the supply of brake fluid pressure to the brake such that the brake is applied to stop vehicle movement.

Abstract: An overrunning clutch comprising a clutch inner member, a cylindrical member provides at the outer side of the clutch inner member, a clutch outer member provided at the outer side of the cylindrical member, and two circumferential rows of rollers movably disposed between the clutch inner member and the cylindrical member and between the cylindrical member and the clutch outer member. The upper limit value of torque transmitted between the clutch outer member and the cylindrical member through the outer circumferential row of rollers is set so as to be greater than the upper limit value of torque transmitted between the cylindrical member and the clutch inner member through the inner circumferential row of rollers. It is therefore possible to increase the amount of energy absorbed without lowering the upper limit value of transmitted torque. Thus, it is possible to prevent damage to the constituent elements and a consequent lowering of the function of the overrunning clutch.

Abstract: A rotary member as a one way clutch including an outer ring formed in its inner periphery with axial grooves each formed on its bottom with a cam surface tapered in one of the opposite directions of rotation, an outer member fixedly mounted on the outer ring and having an end wall for closing one end of the grooves, rolling elements received in the grooves and a closure member adapted to close the other end of the grooves and integrally provided on its inner surface with positioning members and biasing members adapted to be received in the grooves. The positioning members serve to hold the closure member in a fixed position relative to the outer ring. The biasing members serve to bias the rolling elements into narrower side of the cam surfaces. The grooves may have their bottom recessed to receive the positioning members therein. The closure member will thus be positively prevented from turning relative to the outer ring.

Abstract: A pin-type synchronizer assembly (58) having blocker pins (74) with secondary ramps (80) effective after synchronizing is achieved to minimize "notchiness" is provided.

Abstract: A transmission having an inner rotationally mounted shaft (42) with first and second parts (44and 46) and an outer concentric rotationally mounted shaft (49) in accordance with the invention includes a clutch (48) connected to the first and second parts of the inner shaft, which is movable between a first engaged position in which torque may be transmitted through the clutch between the first and second parts and a second position in which torque is not transmitted through the clutch; a transmission, coupling one of the parts of the inner shaft to the outer shaft to transmit torque from the inner shaft to the outer shaft when the inner shaft is rotating; an axially movable mechanism (61-80) disposed outside of and concentric with the outer shaft and projecting through the outer shaft for engaging one of the parts of the inner shaft to move the one part between first and second positions, the axially movable mechanism being movable between first and second positions to cause the one of the parts of the inner s

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-disk friction clutch in which the teeth of the external disks are constructed with undercut tooth profiles. Under the influence of a resulting centrifugal force acting in the center of gravity, the external disks which, with play are fitted into their outer guide, slide into an eccentric position in which they are supported on their circumference in the guide. For geometrical reasons, tooth profiles which are in a normal position with respect to the direction of the force or in shifting direction, come to rest sooner in and against the guide than obliquely extending tooth profiles. In the case of undercut teeth of the external disk, the supporting tooth profiles, viewed in the direction of the force, are disposed in front of the point of application of the force.

Abstract: This invention relates to a dustproof mechanism for pull-type clutch having a diaphragm spring. An annular dustproof cover for covering a space is installed at a radial inside opened end of the space existing between a clutch cover end wall and the diaphragm spring, thus preventing dust etc. from entering the space between the diaphragm spring and the clutch cover end wall.

Abstract: A torsion damping apparatus between the crankshaft of the engine and the input shaft of the change-speed transmission of a motor vehicle has two flywheels one of which is driven by the crankshaft and the other of which drives the input shaft by way of a friction clutch which generates heat. In order to prevent the transfer of heat from the friction clutch to the antifriction bearing between the flywheels, which are rotatable relative to each other against the opposition of a damper, the bearing is at least partially surrounded by a thermal barrier of synthetic plastic, ceramic or metallic material which prolongs the useful life of the bearing and enhances the torsion damping action of the damper. The thermal barrier can constitute or form part of the damper.

Abstract: A controller for a centrifugal clutch with circumferentially spaced actuating weights having radially inwardly projecting actuating arms that pivot rearwardly as the rate of rotation of the clutch accelerates and the weights move to increase actuating pressure in and through the clutch. The controller includes a fluid actuated cylinder and piston unit with a piston rod that carries an arm engages throw-out bearing positioned rearward of the actuating arms. The cylinder is normally charged with a fluid medium that urges the piston and rod forwardly to one end of the cylinder and where the throw-out bearing engages and stops the arms in their normal unactuated position.

Abstract: Device for reducing mechanical rattle in a splines connection between a shaft (15) and a sleeve element (4) surrounding the shaft, especially between the input shaft to a vehicle gearbox and the hub sleeve of the clutch disc. The device consists of a metal washer (6) with less backlash against the splines (16) of the shaft (15) than the hub sleeve. The washer is biassed by means of a spring washer (8) against a frictional surface (10) of the hub sleeve. The frictional torque is selected so that the washer when shifting between normal engine drive and engine braking rotates relative to the hub sleeve, but is fixed relative thereto when idling.

Abstract: A torsional damping mechanism (22) adapted to be disposed between an engine (10) and a transmission (12) operative to drive ground wheels (16) of a vehicle. The mechanism includes a viscous damping device (30), an idle rattle assembly (32), a torque transmitting torsion spring bar (28) disposed in series with the idle rattle assembly and in parallel with the viscous damping device, and a mechanical friction assembly for connecting the mechanism to the engine. Mechanism (22) is structurally configured to have a low inertia. The viscous damping device includes lost motion means (48k, 50c) which allows attenuation of low amplitude torsionals without damping.

Abstract: A method of discriminating coins by use of a pair of oval sensor coils opposedly arranged at both sides of a coin passage in a coin acceptor with the longitudinal axis of the coils extended along a coin guide rail in the coin passage is disclosed. The method comprises steps of detecting a variation of coil reactance caused by a coin rolling on the guide rail, counting clock pulses in a pass time from a start point to a final point of the variation of coil reactance, reading the whole variation of the coil reactance from the start point to the final point thereof by a microcomputer, providing a plurality of variation divided data by dividing the pass time by an integral number and comparing the variation data with corresponding reference data of genuine coin or coins previously stored in the microcomputer.

Abstract: A method and a detector for controlling coins inserted into a slot of a device are disclosed, in which a device for imparting oscillations to a coin is arranged, The frequency of oscillations is measured and compared with a predetermined value in an electronic device which actuates a coin separating device which guides unsuitable coins into a separation passage.

Abstract: A portable angle auger apparatus for conveying bulk material comprising a conveyor auger and duct pivotable with respect to a supply auger and duct, a pivot hinge attached to beveled ends of the ducts and a movable flexible covering for the pivot juncture. The pivot juncture and flexible covering are designed such that the apparatus can be assembled and disassembled quickly by one individual.

Abstract: A pallet exchanging apparatus for machine tool used for exchanging the pallet loaded with the machined workpieces with the pallet loaded with the workpieces to be machined. The pallet exchanging apparatus has a transmission device for shifting the pallet between a work position on a table of the machine tool and a waiting position for exchanging the pallets. The transmission device is driven either by the movement of the table or the movement of the driving mechanism for the table and is adapted to output the rotational movement. The output of the transmission is used for driving a speed-up device. The speed-up device is adapted to move the pallet linearly with higher speed and larger stroke than those of the linear movement of the table.

Abstract: Surge control apparatus and corresponding method are particularly adapted for the safe handling of highly crushable and/or tearable products, such as paper-based box type aseptic packages. A flow of products along a conveyor exiting an accumulator is held until previously released products have progressed a predetermined distance down the conveyor towards a subsequent workstation, such as a packer. If a product queue occurs within the accumulator, the upstream flow of packages is halted, and the queued products are shifted relatively slightly downstream against a movable locator mechanism. Such stopping and shifting isolates from production line pressures the packages to be removed from the conveyor. Through such isolation. adjacent package shear points are prevented as a vertically-oriented conveyor mechanism is used for removal and subsequent return of packages relative the conveyor.

Abstract: A composite conveyor apparatus, composed of conveyor elements of plate type installed successively to each other and individually and selectively tiltable relatively to both sides of the sliding and advancing direction, so as to carry out in a predetermined and preselected way the delivery of the conveyed products. The tilting of the individual plate conveyor elements at the unloading or outlet region, which is preselected to take place at the right-hand side or at the left-hand side of the advancing path is controlled by way of switching elements, which are actuated by relevant actuators, in their turn caused to act by suitably programmed sensor elements destined to detect the product.

Abstract: Apparatus for collating ice cream sandwiches for packaging, includes a flat dead plate; an endless belt conveyor for conveying the articles in a first direction onto the dead plate; a stop and guide for limiting movement of the ice cream sandwiches on the dead plate to a first position; an optical detector which detects when a predetermined number of the ice cream sandwiches have been conveyed to the first position on the dead plate against the stop; an air cylinder mounted above the dead plate; a sliding plate movable along the air cylinder; a pivot bracket secured to the sliding plate; an L-shaped pusher member pivotally mounted on the bracket for pushing the ice cream sandwiches from the first position to a second position in a second direction substantially transverse to the first direction so as to collate the ice cream sandwiches; a cam track fixed to the frame; a roller mounted on the pivot rod of the pusher member and which rides along the cam track from the first position to the second position so as

Abstract: Disclosed is a pallet transfer corner system comprising a transfer mechanism having a corner portion with a moving surface and a transfer system for transferring pallets of different lengths around the corner portion of the transfer mechanism while maintaining the original orientation of the pallets with respect to the direction of pallet travel.

Abstract: An endless belt is driven between two yarn processing machines. A plurality of package carrier members are mounted at spaced intervals to the endless belt by pivot connections which permit the carrier members to travel in freely pivotal hang disposition. The carrier members support packages thereon to transport the packages from one machine to the other. A contact member adjacent the machine receiving the supported packages contacts the carrier members to release the supported packages therefrom as the carrier members travel thereby.

Abstract: An endless conveyor belt is assembled of plastic modules having relatively open pintle slots receiving respective connecting rods. The product support surface of the belt is provided by closely-spaced ribs especially well-suited for conveying raw foods and small containers. For transferring product to or from the belt, a transfer plate made-up of closely-spaced, flat-surfaced fingers is provided. The belt is driven and guided by sets of polygonal sprockets having teeth which engage in cavities centrally located on the undersides of the respective belt modules.

Abstract: An entraining element for a chain conveyor includes an elongated member having a recess which confines a link of the conveyor. The entraining element further includes a clamping member which is complementary to the recess and the link and holds the latter in the recess. The clamping member is provided with a pair of flanges, and the clamping member and the link are locked in the recess by wedges which engage the flanges. The wedges extend transverse to the elongation of the elongated member and can be inserted in openings formed in the elongated member or in spaces defined by the elongated member and the flanges.

Abstract: A surface formed by grate bars in pasteurizers and the like. The grate bars are movable so as to perform a pilgrim step-like or reciprocating movement. The grate bars are placed on sectional girders. The ends of the grate bars placed on the sectional girders are Z-shaped. Each sectional girder has at its upper end face a groove-shaped recess and an elongated slot-like recess vertically spaced from the groove-shaped recess. The end of each grate bar has an opening for inserting the grate bar into the slot-like recess of the sectional girder. By inserting an end of a grate bar into the slot-like recess and raising the end of another opposite grate bar, the two facing grate bar ends are vertically and laterally centered.

Abstract: A skirtboard apron for a belt conveyor is formed as an elongated molded or extruded elastomer member having a U-shaped upper mounting portion that slides onto the lower part of a skirtboard; the legs of the U-shaped mounting portion grip the sides of the skirtboard. A wiper portion of the apron, integral with the mounting portion, projects down into engagement with the conveyor belt. No fasteners are required, and no wear adjustments are necessary.

Abstract: The cigarette package unit is composed of an outer envelope defining a rectangular parallelepipedal volume similar to that of conventional cigarette packages and which contains an inner rectangular parallelepipedal compartment adapted for receiving the cigarettes. The outer envelope has side walls made of front and rear flaps shorter than a total height of the outer envelope and being connected to respective front and rear faces of the envelope while defining therebetween a rectangular cut-out. A hollow space is formed between the bottom of the outer envelope and the bottom of the inner compartment and in which is placed a match drawer containing a number of matches which is substantially equal to a number of cigarettes.

Abstract: An automatic rapid heating can mainly characterizes that an elongated cylindrical sealed container is joined to the center of the inner rim of the bottom cover of the packing can and is also contained in the packing can; in said heating can where two kinds of separately isolated proper chemicals are stored, and a can opening device is joined to the outer rim of the bottom cover at the opposite position of said container, furthermore, a protective cover is sleeved on the bottom of the packing can on the outer side in order to safeguard the opening device free from collision. During using, the user has to employ the opening device to pierce through the bottom cover and the separation layer for the chemicals to make the two chemicals generate violent chemical reaction, so that the heat released is completely absorbed by the drink or beverage or food stored and packed in the can to make the beverage or food rapidly achieve the heating effects.

Abstract: A plastic shipping container for cotton swabs that has a T-section at the bottom of the container front panel that at the shipping destination is readily removed to form a dispensing opening for the cotton swabs.

Abstract: A container especially suitable for bulk materials and inlcuding a cardboard tubular sleeve having its lower edge portion positioned in upwardly opening groove means on a plastic pallet. The tubular sleeve is a sleeve assembly comprising inner and outer tubular sleeves respectively formed of first and second corrugated cardboard structures with the inner sleeve positioned telescopically within the outer sleeve and with the outer annular surface of the inner sleeve secured to the inner annular surface of the outer sleeve to form a composite sleeve assembly having a thickness approximating the width of the groove means on the pallet. An auxiliary cardboard sheet is secured to the outboard surface of the outer tubular sleeve and an auxiliary cardboard sheet is secured to the inboard surface of the inner cardboard sleeve.

Abstract: A pack of thermoplastic film bags, which are in at least approximate registration, each bag having a bottom, front and rear bag walls connected by way of gussetted side walls, a bag mouth, double film loop handles at opposite ends of the bag mouth, the handles being integral extensions of the walls; the pack having pack suspension and dispensing means in association with the handles about intermediate between the top and the base of the handles; and the area of the film of each of the handles of the pack adjacent to suspension means being releasably-pressure bonded together, in the absence of an adhesive.

Abstract: Ready-to-use medical trays for retaining preparations. A tray for parturient comprises a first cell for retaining at least one sponge or cloth impregnated with a disinfectant. A second cell comprises at least one sponge or cloth impregnated with a disinfectant. This disinfectant is for a chirurgical intervention. The tray comprises also sealing closure for sealing its top and thereby each of the cells individually. Other trays comprise 3 cells for washing, drying and disinfecting skin and 4 cells for gynecological incursion.

Abstract: An apparatus including a container formed with a recessed forward wall providing access to a central compartment containing a plurality of shrink-wrap foil roll members for wrapping of various packages, wherein the container includes spaced side walls, wherein a first side wall includes a first hopper for securement of note pads therewithin, wherein a second hopper mounted on a further side wall includes felt marker pens and a plurality of pens and pencils, with an underlying third hopper including wrapper tape and cutter members mounted therewithin. A fourth hopper includes a compartment for accommodation of debris and discarded paper and the like therewithin. The container includes a magnetic or alternatively a hook and loop fastener base for securement to various underlying supports.

Abstract: A reclosable dispensing carton having in the top wall a partially detachable, hingedly attached, locking tab that is formed from portions of the overlapped top closure flaps and that has projecting shoulders that are engageable with adjacent portions of the top closure flaps to provide a relatively sift-proof reclosure arrangement.

Abstract: Packing containers and packing container blanks of the type used for the packaging of, e.g., milk and juice, often are of the so-called gable-top type, in which the top closure also serves as an opening arrangment with a pouring spout which can be folded outwardly. The parts of the packing container or the blank forming the pouring spout may be partially coated with a seal-preventing substance to make it possible for the pouring spout to be detached and opened outwardly in spite of the heat-sealing of the top. The seal-preventing coating in accordance with the invention is covered by a film which extends along the upper edge region of the packing container to provide a better defined sealing strength, a tighter top seal, and protection to the coating both before and after the conversion of the packing container blank to packing containers.

Abstract: A cantilever racking system comprises vertical pillars formed of two metal sections of steel strip rolled to a cross-section comprising a central web portion bounded by two channel portions. The web portions are secured in facing relationship so that the juxtaposed channel portions form T-shaped slots having inturned marginal edges. Cantilever arms may be clamped in place against the end surfaces defined by channel portions for example by bolts engaging captive nuts engaging with the inturned edges of the metal strips.

Abstract: A blow molded plastic bottle has a reinforced plastic bottom with a concave central portion and a bottom rim portion. A solid depending rib, formed at the pinch off seam, extends across the concave portion, and depending hollow ribs, formed in the concave portion at ninety degress to the solid rib, extend radially to the bottom rim portion. The hollow rims effectively reduce the depth of the bottom rim intermediate the seam junctions to reduce bulging of the concave base thereby preventing instability.

Abstract: A child-resistant safety cap that can be screwed on or off a container. A lock pin is slidably positioned to extend through a hole in the cap side wall into an opening in a radial flange carried on the neck area of the container, such that the lock pin acts as an obstruction into the cap rotation. Finger pressure can be applied to a partially-concealed end area of the lock pin to move the pin to a position where it can be manually pulled to a position separated from the container flange; the cap then be unscrewed from the container.

Abstract: This relates to a composite closure which incorporates the conventional closure of the press-on, twist-off type including a metal shell having in the center of an end panel thereof a tamper indicating button. The composite closure includes an overcap which is frictionally interlocked with the shell and wherein the shell has been modified so that the curl at the lower edge of the skirt thereof is outturned as opposed to being inturned and the rougher coating for receiving the sealing compound increases the frictional connection between the overcap and the metal shell. In addition, the overcap is provided with a tamper indicating band which is interlocked with the container finish so as to prevent both axial upward movement and circumferential movement of the tamper indicating band relative to the container finish.

Abstract: A fluid handling system includes chemical handling tanks which are relatively stable and difficult to tip over, are farmer hoistable in that such can be lifted with flexible hoisting line securely received around the tanks, and are readily stackable for storage thereof. Each tank includes a generally hollow body portion and a supporting portion integral with the body portion. The supporting portion includes a base and a tip-over-preventing portion for preventing the tank from tipping over when the tank is tilted laterally about the base. The supporting portion also includes grooves extending therein which flexible hoisting lines can be securely received for allowing the tanks to be transported. The supporting portion is also designed to accommodate the fork of a forklift. The tanks are also stackable and are nested via ribs projecting from the top portion of tanks and grooves defined at the underside of the tanks.

Abstract: Tray apparatus includes a base tray having two compartments separated from each other by a hand hold portion. The two compartments each receive additional tray elements. One compartment is small, and is used to receive a beverage container of some type, and the other compartment is large and may be used for receiving food elements directly or for receiving alternate types of tray elements, depending on the type of food being served. The tray elements include cooperative locking structures.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved device for storing carbonated beverages. The inventive device includes a container adapted to receive a carbonated beverage bottle. In combination with the container is a means to laterally compress the carbonated beverage bottle so as to reduce the gas volume within the bottle and reduce the loss of carbonation in the beverage. The improved device for storing carbonated beverages may also include a handle to facilitate pouring of the carbonated beverage while in the device.

Abstract: A portable container made in one piece of plastics, having a body portion; a cover portion hinged to the body portion; a handle portion including a main portion and leg portions, the leg portions being rotatively connected to the body portion, wherein the leg portions have branched portions engageable with projections formed on the edges of opposite rims of the body portion so that the leg portions is enabled to lock on the projections.

Abstract: A container capable of being evacuated by a pump which is removably and sealably attached thereto comprises a cover having a removable valve mounted therein and a container body which is adapted to receive the cover. A compressible indication member is positioned between the periphery of the cover and container body, the visibility of which from the outside of the container provides an indication of the evacuation state of the container. The cover and the container body are movable relative to each other which movement is dependent on the pressure difference between the interior and the surroundings of the container whereby the deformation of the indication member provides an indication of the amount of pressure in the container.

Abstract: A resealable closure system for use on a container comprising an insert and a removable plug to seal an opening in the insert; the plug has a soft, hollow bottom that is shaped to fill the insert opening and which functions to provide one or more sealing opportunities; and, in the preferred embodiment, this plug is linked to the insert at one end by a pair of hinge arms which serve to guide the plug through a proscribed range of motion as it is inserted into or removed from the insert opening.

Abstract: An elongated flat plastic box hinged along one side is provided with a pair of latches spaced along the opposite side. The male part of the latch is connected to an actuating tab formed in the top at one end and in the bottom at the opposite end of the elongated box. The female part of the latch is formed in the opposite part of the box in mating relationship with the male portion of the latch. This alternating arrangement allows the normal twisting action of left and right hands attempting to open the box, to disengage the latches and simultaneously open the box for exposure of the contents by simply applying pressure to the actuating tabs. The entire box, including the latches, is molded in a single operation.

Abstract: The cone-shaped or dome-shaped sheet of waxed paper or freezer paper having a moisture retarding coating on at least the surface of the paper facing an underlying dish bearing food and positioned within a microwave oven, and being microwave transparent traps moisture condensing on the interior surface thereof for revaporization for return to the food being heated and/or cooked while preventing the dripping of condensed moisture directly onto the food within the underlying dish. Preferably the conical or dome-shaped cover is mechanically embossed to form vertically spaced annular concave cavities facing inwardly to trap the moisture running by gravity down the interior surface of the cover within the cavities for revaporization. Additionally, circumferentially spaced reinforcing ribs may be formed over the height of the cover to maintain the cover one or dome shaped configuration throughout the microwave oven heating process.

Abstract: A portable litter basket is comprising of a bag, a plurality of support members of equal length, and a plurality of brace members. The upper portions of the brace members is slidably joined on the upper portion of the support members, and the lower portion of the brace members is rotatably joined on the lower portion of the support members, so that the breadths between the support members can be controlled by operation of the brace members whereby the support members can stretch the opening of the bag.

Abstract: Fire resistant tank apparatus is adapted for transportation and for installation above-ground to receive and dispense a liquid hydrocarbon or hydrocarbons, or the like, and includes a metallic tank assembly having a lightweight, triple hulled, wall structure, defining inner, intermediate and outer walls which are spaced apart. Thermal barrier material is located in certain space between such walls, and in such manner that there is no direct heat conducting metallic path between such walls, as for example the intermediate and outer walls. In addition, fire resistant material may be applied to the outer side or sides of the outer walls and hardened to define a relatively lightweight shell enclosing the tank assembly. The structure resists severe heat invasion in the form of radiation, convection and conduction to maintain liquid hydrocarbon in the innermost tank isolated from such invasion. Also, the structure is bullet resistant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a storage tank comprising an endless wall formed of a plurality of overlapping panel members with at least one endless support strap extending substantially horizontally around the endless wall, wherein each panel member comprises a loop having an endless support strap extending therethrough.The invention also relates to a substantially flat panel member comprising a plurality of upright raised ribs and an integral loop arranged to receive, in use, a substantially horizontal support strap.

Abstract: A frangible roof joint forming a flexible gastight connection between a tank shell and a roof, comprising an annular link mechanism sealingly secured at or adjacent a first edge thereof to a rim of the tank and sealingly secured at or adjacent a second edge thereof to the periphery of the roof. The securement of the annular link mechanism to the rim and the roof is such as to permit articulation of the annular link mechanism relative to the rim and roof to a point of failure of the joint upon pressurization of the tank above a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: An automatic cup dispensing arrangement for separating the bottommost cup from a stack of cups supported in a cup dispenser. The cup dispenser is pivotally mounted about a substantially horizontal pivot, about which the cup dispenser is cyclically pivoted to allow the cup stack to cyclically swing through a dispensing travel arc during a dispensing cycle. A pair of opposed cup separating members are mounted on opposite sides of the stack of cups in the cup dispenser along the dispensing travel arc. The opposed cup separating members are spaced a distance apart substantially equal to the width of a cup just beneath the cup rim, and each of the pair of opposed cup separating members comprises at least one cup separating wedge positioned opposite to a corresponding cup separating wedge in the oppositely positioned cup separating member. The oppositely positioned cup separating wedges cooperate to separate the bottommost cup from the cup stack as the cup dispenser is pivoted along the dispensing travel arc.