Abstract: The invention relates to textile machine control. The run of spinning units is controlled by two busses, a two-way bus, and a reserve one-way bus, the latter being activated, as a rule, by a central electronic system, and possibly, though less often, by the operator. A suitable arrangement of the circuits on the criterion of whether they belong to the two-way bus or to the one-way one, facilitates troubleshooting and permits shorter repair time on vast systems comprising a plurality of work stations of the textile machine.The invention can be used on various types of spinning machines where a predetermined length of wound yarn is required.

Abstract: Surge protection is achieved in a turbine engine intended to provide varying quantities of bleed air and having two compressor stages 48, 36 by providing the inlet 56 of the first stage 48 with variable inlet guide vanes 58, 60. The first stage compressor 48 is a high specific speed, single stage centrifugal compressor whose stable operating characteristics are highly sensitive to inlet guide vane geometry, thereby allowing variations in such geometry to be employed to prevent compressor surge.

Abstract: Improved fuel atomization for turbine engines operating at low fuel flows and at high altitudes is accomplished in an engine having an annular combustor 26 by utilizing fuel injectors 46 provided with radially inward discharge orifices 56 and planar impingement surfaces 60 within the path of fuel discharged from the orifices 56 to provide a flat spray 62 that is generally tangential to the annular combustor 26.

Abstract: A compact, unfired, staggered tube, once-through steam generator or boiler of simple construction intended primarily for combined cycle power plants in which the thermal energy utilized to generate steam is obtained from the exhaust gases of a gas turbine engine. The boiler provides steam at two different pressure levels, which maximizes recovery of thermal energy; and all wettable components in the steam/water loop are fabricated of corrosion resistant materials. This eliminates the need for controlling the pH of the feedwater and the need for chemically controlling its dissolved oxygen content, thereby reducing maintenance and operating costs and making automatic, unattended, remotely controlled operation of the boiler practical as well as eliminating the need for blowing down the boiler and minimizing requirements for make-up water. The boiler can be operated dry to remove gas side fouling; and feedwater flow rates can be directly controlled.

Abstract: A turbine assembly includes an annular fairing and strut subassembly which provides mechanical strength to the turbine assembly and support for the rotor aft bearing. A readily demountable annular outlet guide vane assembly is mounted to the aft of the fairing and strut assembly for deswirling the exhaust gasses which exit the turbine assembly. The aft mounting of the outlet guide vanes allows for an axially shorter and lighter turbine engine design which removes greater inlet swirl than prior designs, with equal or less pressure loss.

Abstract: A radial flameholder (18) extends from the augmentor case (22) through an opening (30) in a coaxial liner (20) and into the hot exhaust gas stream (26). A portion of a cool, annular fan air stream (28) enters an upstream facing opening (34) and discharged radially inwardly adjacent the downstream edge (44) of the liner opening (30). The inner flow (42) of cool air protects the liner (20) downstream of the flameholder (18) by both cooling the liner (20) locally and by displacing the combustion reaction (32) attached to the flameholder (18).

Abstract: A device for removing solid particles, in particular soot particles, from the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines includes a centrifugal separator or cyclone 11 to separate the untreated gas flow 10 into coaxially removed pure gas flow 23 and a particle-enriched carrier gas flow 24 and includes a combustion device 12 for burning the solid particles carried in the carrier gas flow.

Abstract: A small watercraft embodying an improved exhaust system that is substantially completely watercooled by a cooling jacket. The exhaust system includes an elastic joint that is also completely surrounded by the cooling jacket so as to insure adequate cooling under all running conditions. A damming arrangement is incorporated so as to insure that all of the exhaust portions being cooled will be completely encircled with cooling water even when low amounts of water are being circulated and a drain system is also provided so as to insure that the cooling jackets will be drained when the watercraft is removed from a body of water.

Abstract: The invention is a compound motor having an internal combustion engine, a turbine driven by exhaust from the engine and compressor connected to the turbine. The compound motor has a clutch means to declutch the compressor from the turbine and to disable the turbine from transferring power to a gear set. The gear set is capable of simultaneously receiving power from the engine and the turbine and transferring this power to a final output shaft. The clutch mechanism brake or debrakes, and clutches or declutches, in response to torque or rotational force exerted on the turbine by the exhaust gas from the engine.

Abstract: A large flow of high pressure fuel is supplied to a gas turbine engine by mounting a small modified vortex pump over or around a main high speed shaft. The pump includes a plurality of short, stubby impeller blades rotating at a very high speed within a fuel filled annular chamber having an axial fuel inlet and a tangential fuel outlet. A pump booster and priming system ensures the pump fills with fuel during operation.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an automotive vehicle having an engine and a modular air conditioning system wherein all of the receiver-drier, evaporator, and interconnecting refrigerant tubes, are mounted on the engine as discrete components to form a complete refrigeration loop, tested, and repaired, if necessary, prior to the installation of the engine and refrigerant loop together in the vehicle. The vehicle radiator is also mounted to the engine to facilitate the condenser mounting.

Abstract: A method for controlling the defrosting of evaporators provided for refrigerator-freezer units which are cooled by a single compressor. The method includes the steps of forcedly resetting the defrosting timer to its cooling mode after entering defrosting mode after the defrosting of a preset number of evaporators. The remaining undefrosted evaporators are warmed by their remaining heat after the forced resetting, by supplying electric current to their defrosting heaters sooner than the already defrosted evaporators in the next defrosting, by supplying additional electric current to their defrosting heaters after the forced resetting, by accomplishing a complete defrosting in an unsalable mode, by using outside air for defrosting by stopping their outer fans or by additional heating via auxiliary defrosting heaters.

Abstract: An air conditioner provided with a refrigerant circuit formed by connecting with piping a refrigerant compressor, a condenser, an expansion means and an evaporator, an inverter power supply means for controlling the rotational speed of an electric motor for driving the refrigerant compressor, a load detector, and a controller for controlling the inverter power supply means on the basis of an output from the load detector. A refrigerant flow passage controlling mechanism is provided to change the rate at which the refrigerant flows through the condenser on the basis of a control command from the controller, thereby making it possible to reduce or increase the discharge rate without extending the range of changes in the rotational speed of the compressor. The compressor can be controlled according to a wide range of changes in the load to operate with an operation range which ensures high efficiency of the compressor operation.

Abstract: A holder for keeping a beverage container, whether can or bottle, cold. The holder includes a cup-shaped base, of an inside diameter sufficient to accommodate the outside diameter of the beverage container. A cylindrical upper portion is provided, having both ends open, one end being snap connectable to the base, and an inside diameter which matches the outside diameter of the beverage container. The base contains a coolant or refrigerant container having an outside diameter corresponding to the inside diameter of the base. The height of the refrigerant container corresponds to the inside height of the base. The top surface of the refrigerant container is extremely flexible so as to conform closely to the bottom surface of the beverage container when the container is placed into the holder. The length of the top portion is substantially the length of the container. The top portion and the base are provided with a hard outer surface, and lined with a softer insulating material.

Abstract: A tunnel freezer comprises an elongate tunnel which is inclined to the horizontal and which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis. The inside of the tunnel is provided with a weir which retains a pool of liquid nitorgen between the weir and the upper end of the tunnel. Particles to be frozen are introduced into the tunnel on a conveyor and drop into the pool where they freeze substantially without aggregation. Rotation of the tunnel carries the particles out of the liquid nitrogen and through the remainder of the tunnel to the outlet end of the tunnel. The frozen particles and the nitrogen vapour from the tunnel pass through a common outlet which is provided with a pivoting plate which restricts the flow through the common outlet so that the tunnel operates at or slightly above atmospheric pressure thereby inhibiting ingress of moist air into the tunnel. Movement of particles through the tunnel is facilitated by lifting bars which form part of a liner which can be readily removed and replaced as desired.

Abstract: A warehouse having a cluster of inner cells for receiving and storing processed frozen food products at extremely low temperatures. The inner cells are surrounded by outer cells for receiving and storing processed refrigerated food products at a more moderate temperature. The outer cells function to insulate the inner cell from cooling temperature losses resulting from higher temperatures externally of the outer cell. The inner and outer cells being cooled by heat transfer of rising warm air from the cells to cooled air being driven by combination evaporator and fan units through closed loop finned duct systems located beneath the cell ceilings.

Abstract: An improved wrap including a pouch formed by opposed inner and outer faces. A first blanket made of a heat absorbing material is integrally attached to a second blanket made of a heat insulating material. The joined first and second blankets are permanently insertable into the pouch. Fastening means are attached to opposite ends of the pouch so that the ends of the pouch may be secured together after the pouch has been wrapped around a fluid container. The fastening means also serve to hold the integrally connected first and second blankets in position within the pouch.

Abstract: A chill-retention food service tray, capable of keeping its contents chilled for an extended time (e.g., several hours) in a warm environment, comprises a bottom tray member including a bottom panel having an upwardly projecting peripheral rim wall and a plurality of upwardly projecting stiffening ribs onto which a top tray member fits; the top tray member includes a support panel at the upper level of the reinforcing ribs and a peripheral rim wall engaging and adhesively secured to the bottom rim wall, as well as a closed configuration hollow wall defining a cup for a dip, sauce, or the like. The two tray members conjointly define a chamber filled with a various chilling gel; the gel has a high heat of fusion. A plurality of removable divider members may divide the top panel support surface, around the cup, into a series of storage compartments.

Abstract: A ring with a plurality of hidden internal compartments for receiving articles includes an inner circular member and an outer circular member. The outer member defines a plurality of laterally separated, inwardly open compartments for receiving articles and an inwardly biased tab at least partially disposed in a predetermined one of the compartments. The inner circular member is concentrically mounted on the outer member for rotation relative thereto and defines a single aperture therethrough. The aperture is configured and dimensioned to at least partially receive the tab or to act as a passageway for articles into and out of a radially aligned one of the compartments, depending upon the relative rotational orientation of the inner and outer members.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming pile fabric where the pile loops are controlled during the knock-over action of the needles. The sinker ring mounted sinkers include separate pile and loop forming ledges. The base thread is fed into the throat of the sinker, and with the sinker positioned with their loop forming ledges between adjacent needle stems, the alternate raising different sets of needles to feeding positions and the subsequent retraction to a tuck on the latch position and the subsequent clearing of the pile threads from the loop forming ledges assures that in the knock-over action of the needles the pile loops remain under the control of the pile forming ledges.

Abstract: Tubular sleeves of braided, knited or woven construction comprised of bulky continuous filament yarns and a resilient engineered plastic monofilament have excellent noise reduction characteristics. The bulky yarn provides a flexible cushion for cables and tubes covered by the sleeves thereby reducing vibration induced wear. The resilient monofilament gives the sleeve material sufficient hand so that sleeves formed according to the invention tend to assume the open position without loss of the ability to deaden sound and cushion vibration.

Abstract: Warp knitting machine with guide bars adjusted according to a pattern by means of displacement stepping motors, which receive their displacement information in the form of a certain number of displacement pulses from a pattern memory of a control device.For determining and correcting the guide bar position of a warp knitting machine shut down in underlay position, the indicator of an electrical proximity switch is connected with each guide bar, whose sensor is mounted on a measurement slider shiftable in the displacement direction of the guide bar, said slider being shiftable by means of a measurement stepping motor over the displacement range of the indicator beginning from a start position, which corresponds to the zero-position of the guide bar.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electronically controlled electromagnetic needle selection device which is used in the in a circular knitting machine. The device operates in the direction of the needle cylinder rotation and can include reciprocating motion. It is used particularly for making ladies' stockings and includes a cylinder with needles and elastic pusher jacks which are housed in corresponding longitudinal grooves. Each pusher jack is provided with three butts: an upper butt which cooperates with a first ring cam for lowering into the selection position, an intermediate butt which cooperates with a presser cam in the centripetal direction, and a lower butt provided with a cam for raising the pusher jack to activate the corresponding needle. The device also has a rim structure fixed to the needle cylinder and provided, in line with each pusher jack, with a radial horizontal groove for housing an elastic selector.

Abstract: In order to carry out the three-position selection of needles, that is, for floated stitch, retained stitch and discharged stitch, in either direction of rotation of the needles cylinder of a circular knitting machine with alternate motion for the production of socks with inlay patterns a cylinder is provided with needles and underneedles, and with pusher jacks provided with a heel (7,8) at both ends and engaged to a rear, centrifugal action spring. Two oscillating selectors vertically superimposed and symmetrically disposed with respect to the horizontal separation line are provided. Two electromagnets are provided vertically superimposed for the selection of said oscillating selectors. Such selection apparatus it is possible to reduce the diameter of the needles cylinder to less than 4" with a fineness above 120 needles and to work at a speed higher than the one presently allowed.

Abstract: A support structure for a vertically arranged combination household appliance, more particularly a front loading dryer assembly arranged above a top loading washer assembly, includes vertical main support members, horizontal members and other members. The structure adequately supports both appliance assemblies of the combination appliance during transportation and usage, provides improved operating performance during off balance washer spin conditions or dryer tumbling, and maintains unitary appliance characteristics by being an integral part of the combination appliance design and by being located entirely interior to the appliance cabinetry.

Abstract: A fleshing machine for removing fat and fleshy membranes from a hide or pelt, which includes a fixed position roller with many shaped cavities. Each cavity extends from an opening on the surface of the roller into the roller. A plurality of knives are contained one or more within each cavity. Each knife has a shaped cutting head which, in use, protrudes from the surface of the roller. The knives and cavities are so shaped that each knife is capable of limited reciprocal movement in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the roller.

Abstract: A locking device such as a lock, espagnolette, espagnolette-lock and the like comprises a headpiece having an inner face onto which is inserted at least one casing comprising two parallel walls. The assembling between the headpiece and the casing or casings is obtained by means of riders in the form of profile lengths with a "U"-shaped cross-section comprised of two parallel wings and a transversal wall made integral with the inner face of said headpiece, both parallel wings of the riders forming means for seizing each of the parallel walls of the casing or casings.

Abstract: Rocker bending unit (10) of a type retractable below a working platform (22) of a bending-shaping machine for bars (29), the unit (10) comprising a bending disk (11) provided with a clockwise and anticlockwise rotation of a bending pin (13) positioned out-of-alignment in relation to the axis of rotation, a contrast roller or pin (12) which may be interchangeable being included and coaxial with the axis of rotation, in which unit (10) the bending disk (11) cooperates with and is supported on a base (18) pivoted so as to be able to rock with a rocker pivot (21) on a frame (28) of the machine downstream of the bending unit (10), the rocking direction lying on a plane substantially at a right angle to the working platform (22) and to the axis of feed of the bars (29), the axis of the rocker pivot (21) being substantially parallel to the working platform (22) and in the geometric neighborhood thereof, the unit (10) being fitted on a slider (27) supported by the base (18) and able to move thereon (18) in a directio

Abstract: A latch mechanism for a door or the like includes first and second rotatable latch operating members which operate a latching bolt or the like. An axially movable square section spindle extends through complementary holes in both members. In an engaged position, the spindle operates both members when rotated. In a disengaged position, a circular section portion of the spindle registers with a hole in one of the members. In the disengaged position the bolt can be operated by the first member even though the second member may be prevented from rotating by means of pins. The spindle can be moved between engaged and disengaged positions by a push-rod extending out of the door. Thus, when the second member is locked it may be overriden by actuation of the rod and the first member.

Abstract: A roll device has upper and lower controlled deflection rolls, having sleeves which are rotatable about respective non-rotatably mounted carriers are supported on the carriers by means of force generators in the pressure plane of the roll device, and are displaceable relative to the carriers along the pressure plane over their entire length. The carrier of the upper controlled deflection roll is arranged at a fixed position relative to the stand of the roll device. The carrier of the lower controlled deflection roll is adjustable in a variable manner into a working position relative to the stand of the roll device. Regulators are provided for the controlled deflection rolls, which serve for adjusting and holding the sleeves of the controlled deflection rolls at predetermined heights and for adjusting the carrier of the lower controlled deflection roll by means of a setting device into a working position.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting the exact position of the contoured, cross rolls in a multiple roll rotary straightener including provision of selected transverse and axial surfaces on the roll frames themselves and means for detecting the exact position of these surfaces whereby the rotary straightener can be returned to a preselected operating condition.

Abstract: An improved method and means for sizing metal configuration through the application of thermal expansion and contraction of a shaping mandrel. The thermally induced changes in the shaping mandrel are produced from within the body at the mandrel.

Abstract: This invention provides method and apparatus for reshaping the bottom wall of an aluminum can body wherein a mold member having a generally cylindrical outer surface having a longitudinal axis and a contoured bottom surface is mounted for rotation in a support structure and an aluminum can body having a generally cylindrical sidewall having a longitudinal axis and an integral bottom wall is secured on the mold member so that an annular portion of the bottom wall contacts at least an annular portion of the contoured bottom surface and the longitudinal axes thereof coincide. As the mold member and the can body are rotated, resilient forces are applied to the bottom wall using a tool member having a spherical surface which is moved in a diametrical linear direction across the bottom wall to reshape the bottom wall into conformation with the contoured bottom surface.

Abstract: A curved pipe manufacturing method comprises the steps of providing a fixed die having a curved cavity, an entrance opening and an exit opening contained therein, the curved cavity being formed in a circular arc and extending from the entrance opening to the exit opening, providing a movable block having a curved mandrel attached to one side thereof and an ejecting rod on the side thereof opposite to the curved mandrel, inserting the curved mandrel into the curved cavity of the fixed die through the exit opening therein and forming a curved annular chamber inside the cavity, pressing a work with a presser rod through the entrance opening into the curved annular chamber to form a curved pipe, providing a stopper through hole adjacent to the exit opening of the fixed die so that the through hole of the stopper is positioned in a turning track of the mandrel and restrains the tip end of the curved pipe, moving the movable block so as to remove only the mandrel from the exit opening while the curved pipe is restr

Abstract: A roll stand includes a generally stationary frame, a roll centered on an axis, and a radial-thrust bearing having an outer race fixed in the frame, an inner race fixed on the roll, and a plurality of rollers radially engaging the races and supporting the roll in the frame for rotation about the axis. The rollers are axially shiftable along one of the races. An axial-thrust bearing has outer and inner faces one of which is axially fixed to the roll and the other of which is axially movable in the frame and rollers between the respective outer and inner races. An actuator is braced axially between the roll and the frame for axially shifting the roll in the frame and thereby axially shifting the other of the radial-bearing races relative to the respective rollers and the one radial-bearing race.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extruding metal using the reverse method in which a billet placed in the bore of a container is compressed between a base and an extruding block. Billets are extruded in the raw state without prior removal of the outer layer, leaving a play sufficient to form a sleeve of a thickness at least equal to that of the outer layer to be removed, between the periphery of the block and the inner face of the bore, along the inner face. The bore is then scraped, using a scraping block whose periphery is separated from the inner face of the bore by a play which is less than the thickness of the sleeve but sufficient for the sleeve to be removed over a part only of its thickness.

Abstract: A power actuated device for attaching a protective metal strip to the outside corner formed by two intersecting wall panels is provided. The device includes a shoe releasably mounted on the device for holding the device and the protective in alignment along the corner. The shoe is provided in a number of differing shapes, each one of which complements the contour of an associated protective strip. The device further includes attaching means supported on the shoe for attaching the metal strip to the wall, a toggle mechanism for moving the attaching means between an inactive and an attaching position and an electrically powered actuator supported on the shoe and connected to the toggle mechanism to move the attaching means between their inactive and attaching positions.

Abstract: A device and method for taking to account the elasticity of materials during bending operations to cause the proper amount of overbending such that after springback and while at rest, the material assumes its intended shape.

Abstract: Device bringing a tool (8) to a desired engagement position relative to and in engagement with a strip of material (10). Provision is made for intermittently advancing a strip having a repeating basic non-planar shape, in its longitudinal direction past the tool, holding the strip stationary in its longitudinal direction between intermittent advances, so that the shaping or working engagement of the tool with the strip can take place through a movement perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the strip, and finely adjusting the position of the tool relative to the basic shape in the strip by moving the tool in a direction parallel to the direction of strip advance to a correct engagement position controlled by at least one basic shape sensor (36) connected to the tool.

Abstract: A tube-bending device that includes a main body on which is pivotably mounted a ratchet lever that via a driving pawl engages a ratchet bar that is displaceably guided in the main body and is provided for an anvil. A detent is also pivotably mounted on the main body and engages the ratchet bar. A holder is provided on the main body, with a first pair of blocks disposed on the one side of the holder, and a second pair of blocks being disposed on the other side of the holder. A respective one of the pairs of blocks is provided for supporting a tube during a bending process.

Abstract: A nose assembly for pulling fasteners through a workpiece includes an anvil having a conical surface for engaging a complimentary conical surface defined by a set of chuck jaws. The chuck jaws includes a rear skirted portion defining a recess for receiving a biased support member which prevents the radial collapse of the chuck jaws during actuation of the nose assembly. The nose assembly is particularly adapted for gripping a relatively short axially projecting portion of a fastener while ensuring complete engagement of all jaw teeth with the fastener.

Abstract: A crimping apparatus assembly including a pair of normally spaced body members and an actuator member, the assembly being adapted to be placed between the rams of a press or clamp for actuating same, and having an adjustable wedge device for uniformly actuating a plurality of crimping dies.

Abstract: An industrial robot, designed for use in a press brake system, has a holding member for holding a plate shaped material, a base arm, and a working arm. The holding member nearly follows the plate shaped material without holding during a pressing process of the press brake by ensuring sufficient reciprocating distance between the holding member and the base arm, and by decreasing the mass of rotary axes and corresponding second arm members of the working arm which is used to control direction, altitude and other aspects of the plate shaped material. The industrial robot preferably ensures a degree of freedom in the width direction of the press brake by rotatably securing a first arm member to the base arm.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically metering milk drawn by a milker has a float-type milk meter (1) for metering milk (3) communicating with an evacuated milk pipeline (23) and with an evacuated milk collector (25) which is connected to a vacuum system (27) and to a milk pump (33) which are connected, in turn, to a unit (36) for adjusting the float-type milk meter (1) for milk (3) for an optimum batch of freshly drawn milk (3) from a single cow.

Abstract: An ultrasound calibrator apparatus and method for calibrating ultrasound equipment. The apparatus includes a pair of opposed bellows oscillatorily transferring a fluent medium back and forth through a channel with a well-defined cross-sectional area such that the flow velocity therethrough is known. A probe in communication with ultrasound equipment to be tested is submerged in a reservoir which is situated in close proximity to the channel such that the flow velocity can be measured therewith. The ultrasound equipment is then adjusted to correct the discrepancies between the known and measured velocities so as to calibrate the ultrasound equipment.

Abstract: A liquid confinement type of leak detection system for a liquid retaining chamber defined by an inner wall of the system. The leak detection system also includes an outer wall in closely spaced adjacent relation to the inner wall to define a normally liquidtight leak detection chamber therebetween, and a porous material disposed between the inner and outer walls so as to be in contact with the inner and outer walls in a manner forming a structural bond therewith. Further, the leak detection system includes sensors associated with the porous material at selected points in the leak detection chamber.

Abstract: A cylinder recognition apparatus has a position sensor which generates output pulses indicating prescribed positions of each piston of the engine. Based on a ratio which is a function of the period and pulses width of the output pulses, a microcomputer recognizes a reference cylinder of the engine and generates a series of data values, each value indicating the reference cylinder or one of the other cylinders of the engine. The data series is temporarily stored in a first shift register as a first series and is compared with a normal series by a checking device to determine if the first series is normal. The first series is provided to an engine controller only if it is determined to be a normal series. A second shift register may be provided for temporarily storing, as a second series, a series which was determined to be normal. A comparator compares the contents of the first and second shift registers to make sure that the first series was correctly transferred from one register to the other.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for determining the restoring moment produced by tangential forces in a tire testing operation, a tire to be tested is rolled against a test surface under identical rolling conditions in first and second measuring runs, the second of which is performed with the tire being turned round through 180.degree. from its position in the first measuring run. The restoring moment which is related to the center of the contact surface at which the tire is in contact with the test surface is formed from the restoring moment values which are obtained in the first and second measuring runs.

Abstract: An improved tensiometer for measuring the amount of tension in a wire or cable comprises a hand-held sensor unit having a handle, two spaced support arms supporting cable-engaging support nibs, an extensible sensor nib protruding from the handle, and a trigger grip operable to extend the sensor nib upwardly between the support nibs to deflect a portion of cable clamped therebetween. The support nibs are eccentric and rotatably adjustable between a plurality of settings to permit the sensor unit to accommodate a number of different cable diameters, and the throw ratios of the nibs are arranged to minimize their eccentricity and the resulting variation in length of the deflected portion of cable at different settings. The sensor unit measures the force required to deflect the cable with a load cell, the output of which is converted into and displayed as a tension value by a microprocessor display meter connected to the sensor unit.

Abstract: A throttle valve sensor having at least two switches for detecting different positions of a throttle valve. The setting of the switching conditions of the switches is such that these switches can not be made OFF simultaneously, over the entire range of the degree of opening of the throttle valve. A detachment of a connector connecting the sensor to a control circuit causes the corresponding port voltage level to be that obtained when all of the switches are made OFF, and as a result, a quick and positive detection of a detachment of the connector can be obtained.