Abstract: An apparatus for delivering paper for a water closet seat has; a lid whose rear end is rotatably supported by a box secured to the upper rear of a closet bowl: the closet seat being under the lid with the rear end thereof being rotatably and vertically movably supported by the box and urged upwardly by a spring. A ratchet driving portion including a ratchet is rotatably supported by the box and a pawl is attached to the lid. By the opening of the lid, the pawl engages the ratchet to rotate the ratchet through a predetermined angle. A paper delivery roller portion including a driving roller is rotatable by the rotation of the ratchet driving portion and a pressure roller pressure-contacted to the driving roller is rotatable by the rotation of the driving roller. The paper is clamped between the driving roller and the pressure roller, and the paper is pulled out by the rotation of the aforesaid two rollers and the paper having a predetermined length is delivered between the lid and the closet seat.

Abstract: A bidet comprises a frame adapted to be mounted to a toilet bowl. The frame includes a water chamber. A nozzle pipe is slidably connected to the frame so as to be slidable between first and second operating positions. The frame carries a motor-driven valve actuator, and the nozzle pipe carries two valves, one of which is aligned with the valve actuator when the nozzle pipe is in either of its operating positions. By actuating a first motor an operator positions an outlet of the nozzle pipe in either of two positions, and by operating a second motor the operator causes water to be ejected through the outlet.

Abstract: A water level maintaining apparatus includes a main body element having an elongate shape and adapted to be supported by first and second support portions on the surface adjacent the edge of a swimming pool. An end portion of the main body element is supported in cantilever disposition inwardly of the edge or coping of the swimming pool above the water in the pool and a water level sensing device is mounted to the end portion. A conduit extends along the main body element and has an outlet end connected to a valve assembly and an inlet end connected to a water supply source. The water level sensing device includes a floatation element operable to float on the surface of the water and having a floatation arm connected to the valve assembly to selectively open and close the outlet end of the conduit to permit or prevent the flow of water from the conduit.

Abstract: A universal cross bar adjustable in length and height to accommodate queen and king size bedding at heights of eight to eighteen inches from the floor with legs which are pivoted into nesting relation with the cross bar for ease in packaging and shipping, and extensions attachable to the cross bar to increase its length and to the legs to raise the height of the cross bar. A plastic bushing having a threaded throughbore is positioned in an opening formed in the bottom of the leg by a "W" shaped bracket riveted to the leg and a foot having a threaded stem which fits in the throughbore is used to further adjust the height of the cross bar.

Abstract: A soft-sided waterbed frame structure comprising a flat horizontal, rectilinear flotation mattress-supporting platform with a top surface and elongate side and end edge portions; elongate anchor plates fixed to said edge portions; elongate wall sections of soft resilient material overlying said edge portions and projecting upwardly therefrom; elongate interengageable male and female coupling parts on the anchor plates and the wall sections and slidably engageable with each other to releasably secure the wall sections to the platform; the platform and wall sections define upwardly opening frame structure to receive and support the bottom and sides of a soft resilient slack-filled water flotation mattress structure.

Abstract: A child's rest mat comprising a fabric covered foam pad having longitudinally spaced fold lines, and handles at opposed fold lines in the folded condition of the mat, the handles having interlocking tabs to maintain the mat folded for carrying.

Abstract: An elongate framework is arranged for mounting to opposed sides of a bed assembly, with the framework including spaced, parallel first and second support members extending coextensively relative to one another, having a support plate mounted orthogonally to the first suppot member telescopingly received within a support sleeve orthogonally mounted to the second support member, with the support plate and the support sleeve longitudinally aligned. Clip structure is arranged for securement of the frame assembly to an underlying mattress permitting positioning and spacing of a cover structure of a bed in a spaced relationship relative to the underlying mattress.

Abstract: The process for continuous intensive wetting of a textile strip with a wetting fluid, e.g.

Abstract: A substantially self-contained system and corresponding method provides practical spot cleaning of soiled garments without requiring the use of chlorinated solvents. A soiled garment may optionally be pretreated with a water base, nonchlorinated cleaner. Thereafter, a relatively high level of vacuum force is applied to the soiled garment to be cleaned while steam is directed onto the spot. The steam comprises the main cleaner when no pretreatment is used, and comprises the flushing agent whenever a water-based pretreatment cleaner is used. Drying effects obtained with the vacuum force may be augmented by the addition of compressed air directed onto the garment. A self-contained workstation practicing such methodology may include an electric water boiler for generating steam and an industrial grade vacuum pick-up with a waste collector for generating the relatively high vacuum force, preferably at least about 80 inches of mercury of static pressure.

Abstract: Nozzle breakage in an atmospheric diffuser for treating paper pulp is precluded by mounting the nozzle to the rotating scraper arm by a connection which will break when the nozzle is subjected to a drag force of about 50% of the force that will break the nozzle. The connection preferably includes a pivot connection of a nozzle extension at one side of the arm, and a shear pin connection of the extension at the end opposite the pivot connection. An oblong nozzle is integral with the nozzle extension, with the fluid introducing openings of the nozzle remote from its connection to the extension. The amount of pivotal movement of the nozzle when the shear pin breaks is limited to about 15.degree.-26.degree. so as to prevent the nozzle from contacting an annular extraction screen of the diffuser.

Abstract: A floor buffing machine powered by a propane engine has a frusto-conical shield and an integral inverted channel extending rearwardly from the shield to provide a mounting deck for the engine and propane fuel tank. A buffing pad is rotated by the engine through a drive train and is carried on an inclined spindle having a flexible connection with the spindle. The incline of the spindle and the flexible construction of the connection causes the rearwardly moving side of the buffing pad to propel the machine forwardly.

Abstract: An improved cleaning apparatus system used for cleaning a surface comprising in combination a surface cleaning head having a frame supporting a rotatable belt for absorbing liquid and contaminants from a surface to be cleaned, a mechanism for conveying the rotatable belt and removing liquid and contaminants therefrom which have been absorbed from the surface to be cleaned and a storage device for storing the liquid and contaminants removed from the rotatable endless belt, a handle member connected to the surface cleaning head whereby the handle member can be used to facilitate operation of the surface cleaning head, wherein the rotatable endless belt is rotatable in a direction substantially transverse to a longitudinal operational direction of the apparatus defined by the handle member and a vacuum source can be provided for assisting with removal of the absorbed liquid and contaminants and conveying them to a storage device.

Abstract: A golf club head brush (10) for cleaning a golf club head (38) comprises a relatively flat, generally-rectangular, handle (11) having opposite brush and non-brush sides (12,14) bounded by shaft, head, thumb and finger edges (26, 27, 18, 22), with brush bristles (28) mounted on the brush side directed outwardly away from the handle. The handle is constructed of a resilient material so as to be bendable. The brush and non-brush sides have the generally-rectangular shape, but include a thumb protrusion (16) at the thumb edge with bristles thereon. The shaft edge includes an outwardly flaring shaft slot (24) therein for receiving a shaft when the bristles are used to clean a golf club head.

Abstract: A wiper apparatus is provided with a switching mechanism for spraying washing fluid in the leading direction of movement of a wiper blade at all times by actuating a valve synchronously with the oscillating movement of the wiper blade. The switching mechanism is composed mainly of a base member secured to the vehicle body and a casing member secured to the wiper arm which are disposed coaxially with a pivot shaft and coupled rotatably with each other to form a valve chest therebetween. A pair of valves attached to a disc member having an arcuate slot is disposed in the valve chest so as to alternately block ducts communicating with washer nozzles disposed on opposite sides of the wiper arm according to the engagement of opposite ends of the arcuate slot of the disc member with a contact piece on the base member every time the wiper blade arrives at the lower and the upper turning positions.

Abstract: A wiper device for cleaning a motor vehicle rear view mirror is provided. The wiper device includes a water sprayer unit (40) connected to a motor vehicle's rear view mirror. A wiper (32) fastened between two slides (31,31') is driven by a motor (11) by means of a pull wire extending to an intermediate pair of pulley wheels in a cross-over manner to remove water and dust from the rear view mirror. A control circuit (60) is provided to drive the motor (11), allowing for a voltage polarity reversal to change its rotary direction.

Abstract: A grommet for automatic insertion into a mounting hole in a panel by a robot including a head portion 1 having a longitudinal bore for receiving a screw through its center, a bottom portion 3 including a stepped portion 7 elastically engaging the robot arm located within the longitudinal bore; and locking claws 4 attached to the grommet which reflect during insertion of the grommet into the mounting hole and then spring snap into engagement when the locking claws 4 clear the mounting hole, such that the force required to disengage the robot arm 5 from the stepped portion 7 is less than the force required to extract the grommet from the panel, which enables the robot to easily determine whether or not the grommet is accurately inserted into the mounting hole.

Abstract: A noise supression box is secured over the air inlet opening in the housing of a fiber opening machine which contains a plurality of rotatable opener rolls that open and feed fibers to an outlet formed in the housing adjacent its air inlet opening. The box surrounds in spaced relation thereto an air inlet duct which is secured at one end over the air inlet opening and communicates at its opposite end with the exterior of the box and housing. The walls of the air inlet duct contain a plurality of spaced perforations, and the space in the box around the outside of the duct is filled with sound absorbing foam insulation.

Abstract: A shoelace replacing and fastening device comprising an elongated strip, a strip insert and a clap. Rivet fasteners are used to secure the clasp on one shoe eyelet and to secure the elongated strip to the opposite shoe eyelet of where the clasp is located. The elongated strip is made of a flexible plastic material and has openings for releasably receiving a strip insert at one end of the elongated strip. The strip insert is made of a relatively rigid but flexible plastic material. The elongated strip and the strip insert have a plurality of interlocking hook elements. The hook elements of the strip insert are designed to interlock with the plurality of hook elements of the elongated strip. The clasp is fastened on a shoe eyelet, and the elongated strip fastened on the opposite shoe eyelet to that of where the clasp is fastened.

Abstract: A retainer for retaining a pair of vehicular trunk torsion bars which are in non-parallel overlying relation. The retainer has a housing for receiving and resiliently clamping the torsion bars including an elongated upper housing portion, an elongated separator depending from the housing for preventing contact between the clamped torsion bars, and opposed locking fingers for clamping the torsion bars against the upper housing portion. The separator depends downwardly beyond the locking fingers so that the separator can be located between the torsion bars proximate the location where the torsion bars overly, and a tongue projects upwardly from the upper housing and perpendicularly to the separator so that an installer can grip the tongue between adjacent fingers, slide the separator between the torsion bars into engagement therewith at the location where the torsion bars overly and pull the housing against the torsion bars to nest the torsion bars in the housing.

Abstract: A cover gripping assembly for securing a flexible cover to a side member of a frame. A marginal edge portion of the cover is frictionally gripped between the inner surface of an elongated channel member having an inwardly facing C-shaped arcuate sector defining an elongated cavity, and the outer surface of an elongated rod when the latter is received in the cavity. The outer surface of the rod is generally congruent with the inner surface of the C-shaped arcuate sector. The frictional gripping force of the gripping assembly on the cover may be enhanced when tension on the cover is increased by providing the channel member with an outwardly facing C-shaped channel member for causing a body portion of the cover to be folded back relative to the marginal edge portion of the cover. The inner surface of the inward C-shaped arcuate sector or the outer surface of the rod, or both, may be provided with a plurality of longitudinally-extending ribs for frictionally engaging the cover.

Abstract: A hose clamp for medical application comprises a bracket-shaped clamping body having bracket ends arrestable with one another to form a closed ring, and provided with openings for a hose which passes through a throughgoing passage extending in a bracket plane. The clamp body has bracket legs. Inwardly directed wedge-shaped clamping jaws are provided on the bracket legs. Side walls are located in both sides of the throughgoing passage parallel to the bracket plane so as to prevent bending out of a hose from the bracket plane.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for providing a catch capable of combining two flexible bands into one loopable accessory that may be fastened about a wearer, typically with only one hand. The invention has a catch body that is connected to an end of a guard and a male guard tongue that is attached to an opposite end of the guard. The catch body is constructed so as to have two female receivers. One receiver serves as a receptacle for the male bracelet tongue and is fastenable thereto. The other receiver serves as a mating receptacle for the male guard tongue. The bracelet is fixed in place in a track of the guard. The bracelet is looped about the guard so that the tip of the bracelet tongue passes through the receiver and inserts into the opposite end of the bracelet which is also positioned within the catch. By connecting all ends of the several bands at the catch body, a combination loop is formed.

Abstract: A snap fastener comprising two pieces of idential contruction having adjacently positioned respective male and female members which are axially inserted with respect to each other into a locking engagement.

Abstract: In a portion of the preform to be made in which the preform is to be of reduced thickness by having a recess formed therein, a mask is interposed between pairs of adjacent layers, the mask being made of a thin film of material through which the needles can pass during needling while opposing the passage of significant quantities of fiber taken by the needles, and after it has been needled, each layer is cut out around a line corresponding to the outline of the recess in the preform at the level where the layer is situated in the preform. A mask situated between two cutout layers occupies an area that is not less than the area between the cutout lines of the two layers, such that the portions of the layers that are delimited by the cutout lines are not securely connected to the remainder of the preform by the needling, thereby enabling the recess to be formed after all the layers have been needled by withdrawing the cutout portions of the layers and by peeling off the masks.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for forming insert molded circuits. The process includes inserting a circuit network comprised of a lace curtain with a plurality of individual circuits which are connected by interconnect members into a mold and then separating the individual circuits in the mold by cutting the interconnect members while the lace curtain is in the mold. After the interconnect members have been severed, plastic is injected into the mold thereby surrounding the individual traces. A mold for performing the process is disclosed which includes a retractable punch arrangement.

Abstract: A working apparatus includes a pair of supports which are provided on a base, and a pair of parallelly disposed linear servo-motors each of which is settled on each of the supports. Sliders of the linear servo-motors support the ends of a beam so that the beam extends perpendicular to the servo-motors and is moved according to the simultaneous movements of the sliders. Another linear servo-motor is provided on the beam, and the slider of this motor bears a working head. The working head is moved along the beam in accordance with the slider movement.

Abstract: Apparatus (3) for pressing an inner ring (2) into a pipe (1) comprising a clamp base (8), a means (5) for pressing the inner ring along the axis of the pipe and a means for generating a force (6), all of them being located on the apparatus body wherein advancement of the pressing means permits an inner ring (2) held in the pressing means to be inserted into the end of a pipe which is held fixed in a clamp base (8). The pressing means has a ring holder (16) at its forward end for detachably holding the inner ring (2) to be inserted. The force generating means are supported by the apparatus body and comprise a pinion (21) engaged with a rack (5a).

Abstract: The device comprises a gripper with retractable claws which can engage through the tymp and control means which pass through the gripper and can be controlled from outside in order to spread or retract the claws radially with respect to the axis of the tymp. The gripper and its control means are carried by a yoke designed to be fitted onto the outer edge of the tuyere arch and to be associated with a conventional pneumatic explosive-actuated tool which can be fitted to the outside of the yoke, either onto extensions of the claws or onto the control means, in order to exert by its rotation and its bearing on the yoke a tractive force on the claws of the gripper.

Abstract: A tool used particularly with vehicular tires, including inflatable inner tubes, is formed with a rim clamp arranged for securement to a peripheral rim portion of a vehicular tire rim, and an internallyy threaded or alternatively smooth bore cap member arranged for securement to a valve stem, with a plurality of chain links of adjustable length mounted between the rim clamp and the cap member to maintain alignment of the valve stem during installation and removal of a valve stem or valve stem and tube member relative to the vehicular rim.

Abstract: A toilet fixture installation apparatus provides a compact structure for the support, movement, and alignment of toilet bowl fixtures during their installation. The inventive apparatus includes a three-wheeled base structure having a pair of lower frame members connected by a crossmember and defining a base plane, a fixed vertical mast portion carrying a sliding mast elevated by a jack member, a fixed horizontal boom extending from the sliding mast in the direction of the lower frame members, a fixed shoe assembly at the end of the fixed horizontal boom and bearing an outwardly-extending toilet bowl gripping member, an adjustable shoe slidably mounted and selectively fixed on the fixed horizontal boom bearing a toilet bowl gripping member extending in the opposite direction from the fixed shoe toilet bowl gripping member, this adjustable shoe also being vertically adjustable relative to the fixed shoe.

Abstract: A method of repairing large rotating parts joined together by bolts extending through flanges extending radially from the parts being joined. The method comprises the steps of removing the bolts, separating the parts, counterboring the areas around the bolt holes, inserting an annular washer in the area counterbored and rebolting the parts together.

Abstract: Plastics having coatings are reused by first removing the coatings as by shaving or treatment with solvents or jets of hot liquid or vapor that melt the coatings and blow them away. Thin plastic pieces like compact discs are passed through surface milling apparatus which shaves off the coatings. After the shaving, the discs are brushed while rotating around their centers.

Abstract: A method is provided for connecting a vehicle brake cable equalizer to a main actuator cable extending from the forward section of a vehicle and to a pair of brake actuator cables extending from the rear wheel brakes of the vehicle. The main actuator cable and brake cable equalizer are positioned on the upper side of the vehicle floor and the brake actuator cables are positioned on the lower side of the vehicle floor. In the method, the main actuator cable is connected to the brake cable equalizer entirely from the upper side of the vehicle floor and the brake actuator cables are connected to the brake cable equalizer entirely from a position on the lower side of the vehicle floor. The connection of the brake actuator cables is accomplished without the need for the assembler to have visual contact with the brake cable equalizer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a telescopic cover by bending a flat sheet material blank, in which a diamond-shaped cut-out is provided in the sheet material blank and is separated from the adjacent outer edge by a continuous material zone which is stretched without cracking during the bending operation to form a corner zone with a rounded contour.

Abstract: A method of designing and manufacturing an electrical generator which has a specific target power output rating includes the steps of selecting one of a predetermined, standardized set of diameters for the rotor, stator and frame of the generator; and subsequently selecting the length of the generator stator core and one of several standardized number of stator coil slots based on the target power rating and voltage of the generator. The invention permits standardized generator components which are specific to the selected set of diameters to be used during assembly of the generator, instead of customized components, which results in reduced design and manufacturing costs per generator.

Abstract: A motor field assembly and method for constructing a permanent magnet motor wherein the shell is formed of relatively thick flat sheet stock as two rectangular portions and an elongated connecting portion. The rectangular portions are rolled into semi-cylindrical shapes and the connecting portion is bent at two places so that the two rectangular portions are in opposed parallel relationship to form a unitary cylindrical motor housing shell with a pair of diametrically opposed seams, the connecting portion forming an end wall of the motor housing. Annular permanent magnet segments are provided and mounted to the interior of the shell in spaced equiangular relation with a central portion of each segment of a pair of diametrically opposed segments spanning a respective seam.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube bundle extractor capable of being used either suspended from a crane or while mounted onto a rigid extendible boom. The extractor features brackets for attaching of the extractor to cables suspended from a crane. The extractor can also be mounted onto an extendible boom having an articulated head. When desired, the bundle extractor can be used while mounted onto the boom. If crane operations are preferred, the extractor can be readily detached from the boom and suspended from a crane at much higher elevations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assembling exterior parts of a motorcar wherein assembling accuracy errors of a motor car body are determined by measuring positions of a plurality of reference points of said motorcar body. Correction data is calculated relating to respective assembling positions of plural kinds of the exterior parts which form an external shape of the motorcar, the calculation being performed on the basis of measured data obtained in the previous step, while maintaining a correlative relationship among said parts, to eliminate correlative misalignment among said parts due to the assembling accuracy errors of said motorcar body. Each of said parts is then assembled by respective assembling robots to respective assembling position which has been corrected in accordance with the calculated correction data.

Abstract: An extraction tool that provides for easy removal of a SIMM from a connector while preventing damage to the SIMM and the connector. The extraction tool is composed primarily of a handle portion and two arms. Each arm has a pin that couples to the holdes in a SIMM. Each arm is further comprised of an elbow portion to allow for pivoting motion of the extraction tool in order to pry a SIMM from its connector. Contact edges are provided on each arm to aid in positioning the extraction tool upon the upper edge of a connector. Each arm of the extraction tool has a chamfer surface to provide for proper coupling of a SIMM connector and to the holes in the ends of a SIMM while the SIMM is installed.

Abstract: A method of bonding a flexible circuitized substrate to a circuitized substrate (e.g., printed circuit board) to interconnect selected circuitry of both substrates using solder. Solder paste is applied over conductive pads on the circuitized substrate and organic dewetting material (e.g., epoxy coating) adjacent thereto. The flexible substrate, having conductors located within and/or traversing an aperture in the flexible substrate's dielectric, is positioned above the solder paste and heat is applied (e.g., in an oven). The paste, dewetting from the organic material, "balls up" and substantially surrounds a solder member (ball) attached to a bridging portion of the flexible substrate's conductor, thereby connecting both substrates. A frame member may be used to align the flexible substrate, both during solder member attachment thereto, as well as for aligning the flexible substrate having solder members attached, to the respective solder paste locations on the lower substrate.

Abstract: A method of attaching an integrated circuit (10) to a substrate (20) starts with electrically interconnecting (14) the integrated circuit on the substrate. Next, a bead of underfill material (22) is provided on the substrate (20) about the periphery (24) of the integrated circuit (10). At least a partial vacuum (34) is then applied to the integrated circuit (10) and the substrate (20) to substantially evacuate the area (18) between the integrated circuit (10) and the substrate (20). Finally, fluid pressure (42) is applied to the integrated circuit (10) and the substrate (20) to force at least a portion of the underfill material (22) into the area (18) between the integrated circuit (10) and the substrate (20).

Abstract: A mounting device and method are provided for mounting of large discrete electronic components such as transformers on a surface mount circuit board. A carrier board is provided with small tabs extending laterally outwardly therefrom and the lead wires from the component are wrapped around the tabs. Corresponding solder pads are provided in the main circuit board so as to coincide with the tabs. The solder on the pads is flowed to secure the carrier to the main board in good electrical and mechanical contact.

Abstract: This invention relates to a printed wiring board (10) for IC cards to be built in or fitted to a contact type IC card, that is, an IC card having external contact terminals. The present invention is to provide a printed wiring board (10) for IC cards wherein bumps (20) are formed in a part of a conductor circuit (13) of this printed wiring board (10) for IC cards and are made external contact terminals, futhermore wherein only the contact surfaces of the external contact terminals are exposed on the surface of the IC card (30) and the surfaces of the external contact terminals and the surface of an over sheet (14) are made to be on the same plane level, so that, in case the IC card (30) is bent, an IC module (12) may be perfectly prevented from springing out and further the electric contact reliability of the external contact terminal may be also high.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for terminating a coaxial connector to a coaxial cable. The coaxial connector has an elongated signal pin surrounded in part by an insulating jacket and an elongated shield member surrounding the insulating jacket while the coaxial cable has a signal wire surrounded by an inner insulating member, ground means surrounding the insulating jacket and an outer insulating sheath surrounding the ground means. The method includes providing an elongated conductive shield member having a front portion and a rear portion. The front portion of the shield member is secured onto the insulating jacket surrounding the signal pin whereby a portion of the signal pin is positioned within the rear portion. The ground means is electrically and mechanically bonded to the rear portion of the shield member. The signal wire is then electrically and mechanically bonded to an exposed portion of the signal pin within the rear portion of the shield member while the signal pin is held by the shield member.

Abstract: Modular protector apparatus for oil-filled submergible electric motors that drive submergible pumps comprises pluralities of components that are interconnected in different system permutations to form protectors appropriate for different applications. The components include heads, chambers, bases, and interconnecting bodies. The bodies have fluid passages that are adapted to communicate with other components and that are opened and closed selectively to provide desired inter-component flow paths. By virtue of the invention, a wide variety of protector apparatus may be manufactured economically.

Abstract: A water conditioner rotary valve for use in a water conditioning system includes a valve body constructed of an upper section, a lower section and a middle section, to facilitate ease in assembly of the body. The valve rotor member of the conditioner valve is driven by a Geneva drive system, to provide accurate positioning of the rotor member in its various positions. A valve seat member is located adjacent the rotor member, and provides a construction which improves the seal between the rotor member and the surface of the valve body adjacent thereto. The three-piece assembly of the valve body facilitates providing a valve capable of either upflow or downflow brining by replacing the lower valve section. A brine injector valve is mounted exteriorly of the valve body.

Abstract: A plastic pipe with an insert, to which attachments can be coupled, installed therein, so as to cause the plastic of said plastic pipe to bond to said insert by surface flow and a method of installing a metal insert in a plastic pipe using pressure and friction to cause a surface flow of pipe material.

Abstract: A cutting device includes a casing. A blade is disposed in the casing and moves between first and second blade positions. A moveable member having a blade guide engages the blade and moves between the first and second positions to control movement of the blade between its first and second blade positions. A compression spring is disposed in the casing for biasing the blade toward the first blade position.

Abstract: An improved structure for a pair of scissors with pincer-clip, especially for the control of the scissors' opening angle when it's opened, and the locking of the scissors when it's closed. This pair of scissors with pincer-clip can achieve its function by moving on one side. The limitation of its opening is achieved by a O-shape buckle that connects to the spring coils on one side and a long groove of the handle on the other side. Following the opening of the pair of scissors, the O-shape buckle moves up and down in the long groove, thus controlling the opening angle of the pair of scissors by the distance between the spring coils and the pivot, and locking the pair of scissors when it's closed.

Abstract: A safety utility knife has a weighted pawl which, upon a slip of the knife, disengages from a blade holder to allow the latter to be retracted by a spring. The tooth of the blade holder engages the blocking surface of the pawl with only line or point contact and the blocking surface itself is tangential to a circle centered on the pawl pivot axis. The pawl spring is a coil spring extending in the direction of displacement of the blade holder and generally corresponds to the retraction spring.