Abstract: A gas turbine engine combustor is provided with a combustor dome plate film cooling means having an annular slotted ring to provide a film starting means upstream of a multi-hole film cooled single wall metal dome plate which is annular in shape. One particular embodiment provides a starting slot in the form of a plurality of rings surrounding the edges of the air/fuel nozzle inlet apertures in the dome plate. The cooling holes are disposed in concentric circles about the apertures and angled along radii emanating from the center of the apertures. This produces a cooling film emanating radially from the ring like circular slots around each air/fuel nozzle inlet aperture in the dome plate. Another embodiment provides a starting slot in the form of circumferential rails circumferentially disposed about the inner and outer circumferential edges of dome plate.

Abstract: The recovery of solvents from waste gases takes place according to the state of the art by condensation, freezing out or desublimation of the solvent in recuperative cold reservoirs which can be switched over. In order to reduce the amount of equipment and the cold losses, the condensation and freezing-out operations are run continuously in a shaped-object reservoir through which cooled shaped objects move in a countercurrent to the waste gas.

Abstract: Transfer line for cryogenic fluid comprising a transfer conduit (1) for cryogenic fluid and a conduit (3) for cooling fluid surrounded by a metallic shield (4) coupled thermally to the cooling conduit (3). The metal shield (4) is a thin strip wound in unsecured manner about the conduits (1, 3) and locally connected to the cooling conduit (3) by resilient clips (5) or by a layer (6) of connecting material. The metallic strip has a thickness no greater than 0.1 mm and can be of aluminum.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and process for producing frozen particles of a liquid product having a liquid product nozzle for introducing liquid product droplets to be frozen and a plurality of cryogenic nozzles for introducing a cryogenic liquid directed away from the liquid product droplets.

Abstract: A method comprising feeding a liquefied refrigerant selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane; 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane; 1,1,1,2,2,3-hexafluoropropane; 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane; perfluorobutane; and octafluoropropane into direct contact with a volume of aqueous liquid in an enclosed ice making vessel to convert part of the aqueous liquid to ice crystals, without the formation of a water-refrigerant hydrate, by vaporizing the refrigerant by heat exchange with the aqueous liquid.

Abstract: A thermal energy storage system includes a unique control arrangement to enable it to operate in three steady state operational modes, namely, ice making, direct cooling and shift cooling, as well as two transitory modes, namely hypermigration and pump out. The hypermigration mode enable the thermal energy storage system to switch into the shift cooling mode by desirably positioning the refrigerant charge in the ice module heat exchanger. The pump out mode is needed to move the refrigerant charge into the condensing unit in preparation for the direct cooling mode of operation from either the shift cooling mode or the ice making mode. The thermal energy storage permits the refrigerant charge to be in the proper location when each change in mode operation occurs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling refrigerant gas pressure in a low pressure refrigeration system including a warm surface within a container. Liquid refrigerant is removed from the refrigeration system evaporator and sprayed on the warm surface, thereby vaporizing. The resulting pressure differential between the container and the evaporator causes the vaporized refrigerant to be returned to the evaporator through an open return line. The warm, surface is downwardly concave so that non-volatile liquid which had been mixed with the refrigerant can be collected from the bottom of the surface and transported to a location remote from the evaporator, thereby separating contaminants from refrigerant.

Abstract: An electronic engine fan control device is disclosed. The control device includes means for detecting engine coolant temperature, operation of the vehicle air conditioning load, and vehicle road speed. The control device also includes means for generating first and second temperature signals in response to engine coolant temperature. The control device further includes override signal generating means for generating first and second override signal under certain temperature, or certain load and speed conditions. The control device finally includes means for comparing the first and second temperature signals and the first and second override signals for generating a control signal to operate the vehicle fan. A method for controlling an engine fan is also disclosed including the steps of detecting engine coolant temperature, air conditioning load and road speed and generating corresponding signals.

Abstract: An air conditioning system is disclosed employing a common plenum in which an evaporator airflow passage is formed through an inner side wall and out through a top wall and a condenser airflow passage is formed through a bottom wall and out through an outer side wall. Dual stage operation is provided by a pair of evaporator coils which are interleaved about a common evaporator core, and by a pair of condenser coils which are interleaved about a common condenser core.

Abstract: A flake ice machine (10) including a rotatable cooling member (12) defining cooling surfaces (20) and a plurality of internal refrigerant flow passages (76). The machine includes a spray tube (18) for introducing liquid material onto a portion of the cooling surfaces of the cooling member. A refrigerant supply system (30) supplies an excess of evaporative liquid refrigerant to the inlets (78) of the refrigerant flow passages, so that a portion of the liquid refrigerant evaporates within each passage to freeze the liquid material introduced onto the cooling surface, and a remaining portion of the refrigerant flows from the outlet (80) of each passage in the liquid state. Resilient removal blades (38) mounted adjacent each cooling surface remove frozen material from the cooling surface to form solid flakes of material.

Abstract: A conveniently stackable, storable, transportable and displayable food service device utilizing temperature maintaining refrigerant units to provide a relatively convenient and inexpensive method of refrigerating, transporting and serving food is provided. The temperature maintaining refrigerant units are disposed within a refrigerant cavity configured in a base of the device in interfitted puzzle-like fashion. The refrigerant units are interchangeable and may be easily stored and replaced after their temperature maintaining capacity has been exhausted. A food tray is designed to removably interfit with the base of the device such that the food surface of the tray is supported in spaced relationship above the refrigerant units when the food tray and base are in nested relationship. A cover is provided to fit in supporting relationship with the food tray. The cover includes a recess portion to nestingly accept the exterior of the base to elevate the base and food tray for display and service purposes.

Abstract: A warp knitting machine comprises at least one guide bar and one main shaft. The angular position of the main shaft is determined by an absolute transmitter, while the position of the guide bar is determined by an absolute transmitter. Each transmitter can provide a different signal value for each angular position of the main shaft and for each guide bar position. A continuous displacement function is developed for the guide bar. This function relates each measured angular position of the main shaft with a position target value for the guide bar. A position control circuit controls a setting motor that displaces the guide bar. In this way, the danger of collision between elements of the guide bars and other working parts of the machine are practically totally avoided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a washing machine which comprises a bubble generator operable to supply a predetermined amount of air bubbles into the washer tub in a batchwise manner at such a time interval as to allow said amount of air bubbles supplied in a preceding batch to be substantially collapsed before a next supply of said air bubbles commences.

Abstract: This invention in its most basic form is a reservoir container that is adapted to hold the rinse water from the final rinse cycle of a washing machine and a means for conveying the rinse water after being used in the final rinse cycle of the washing machine into the reservoir and the means for returning that water to the wash machine for the beginning of the wash cycle of the next load. The reservoir in the preferred embodiment for a household wash machine holds approximately twenty-five gallons. It is hooked to the washer drain through a two way valve. During the wash cycle this two way valve allows the water to flow out of the washer and into the drain. But for the final rinse cycle the valve directs the water from the washer into the reservoir. The reservoir is also hooked to the incoming water source of the washer by a two way valve.

Abstract: A laundry machine constructed to discharge liquid from rotating nozzles into a basket, impacting and agitating fabrics and clothes within basket. Nozzles are located under cover door and above basket. Pump recirculates the liquid and the reaction force of the liquid flowing through the nozzles rotates nozzles. Spin rotation of the basket extracts liquid from fabrics and clothes.

Abstract: A scoop-up portion of scoop means is of a flat plate shape so that water is drained by letting a wash rest on the scoop portion during the transferring operation. The wash is scooped surely in raise/drop washing so that the wash is not caught between the inner peripheral surface and one edge of the scoop-up portion. Also, an auxiliary plate is installed on the back surface of transfer portion of the scoop means to prevent the wash from dropping into the preceding vessel in raise/drop washing. Thus, the crumple washing and beat washing are performed efficiently, and cleanliness is improved.

Abstract: A security shield device is provided in two embodiments. One embodiment includes a front cover, a rear base and a connector member connecting the front cover to the rear base. The front cover is mounted to a slidebolt latch for movement between a covered position shielding a padlock shackle coupled to a latch portion of a slidebolt latch and an uncovered position displaced from the latch portion of the slidebolt latch. The rear base mates with the latch portion of the slidebolt latch so as to attach the rear base to the slidebolt latch when the padlock shackle is coupled to the slidebolt latch. The connector member prevents movement of the front cover relative to the slidebolt latch away from the rear base which would expose the shackle of the padlock. The other embodiment includes a front cover, a rear base connected to the front cover, and apertures defined therein aligned with openings in stationary and movable latch portions of a slidebolt latch.

Abstract: A combination lock includes a lock body having a plurality of dials and sleeves rotatably mounted therein and secured on a container cover movably secured to a container such as a hand bag, a brief case, a luggage, or any containers for storing materials or objects in the container having a slide controller slidably held in the lock body to be engageable with a locking member secured on the container, whereby upon an actuation of the controller for disengaging the lock body secured on the cover from the locking member secured on the container, the cover can be directly lifted from the operating situation when unlocking the lock body on the cover for conveniently opening the cover of the container.

Abstract: The device includes at least one sliding bolt in a disengaging mechanism, and at least one movable pin arranged to lock said disengaging mechanism and prevent movement of the bolt. It is mounted in a housing (10) and consists of two identical control modules (11, 12) each having an arm (11a, 12a) which is fast on a lever (13) controlling the movable locking pin (14). Each module is mounted on a base plate (11b, 12b) supporting a mechanical activating device (11c, 12c) and a device for controlling this device and pushing the arm (11a, 12a) by means of a detent pin (11d, 12d). The activating device comprises at least one potential energy storage element while the module comprises a device for arming this element. A programmable electronic timing device and a member coupled thereto are provided for releasing the potential energy at a predetermined time. Each module has an independent power supply from cells or batteries (11e, 12e). A display device (11f, 12f) provides control parameter display.

Abstract: An electronic combination lock is disclosed which allows access to a closed or secure location wherein the lock includes a locking mechanism for operating between a locked condition and an unlocked condition. A rotatable cam wheel has a circumferential surface portion defining a slot such that rotation of the cam wheel moves the slot. A moveable lever is coupled to the locking mechanism for changing the condition of the locking mechanism from the locked condition to the unlocked condition and is pivotably movable into and out of engagement with the cam wheel. The movable lever engages the cam wheel such that rotation of the cam wheel changes the condition of the locking mechanism. A cantilever and detent on the lever releasably maintain the lever in a position disengaged from the cam wheel.

Abstract: A permutation lock, in particular for suitcases or the like, having a plurality of number disks (12) which can be turned by rotation into the combination opening position and an operating handle upon the opening displacement of which the combination set is changed. In order to obtain a simple solution which is advantageous in use, each number disk (12) has associated with it a cam (45) which turns the number disk into a given basic position other than the combination upon displacement of the operating handle (35).

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a key cylinder device which is simple in structure and is able to positively detect the presence or absence of the key. In a key cylinder device, a key cylinder body incorporates a rotor having a key inserting inlet, and a shutter made of a magnetic material is swingably mounted in the rotor to open and close the key inserting inlet, the shutter being urged by a spring to close the key inserting inlet. When the shutter is held closed, the magnetic force of a permanent magnet acts on a normally closed lead switch to hold the switch open. When the shutter is swung open by the key being inserted into the key inserting inlet, it covers the permanent magnet, thus interrupting the action of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet on the lead switch. As a result, the reed switch closes.

Abstract: The machine includes a U-shaped pincer (12) with a pair of arms (14, 16) which carry a V-sectioned linear punch (P) and a V-sectioned linear die (D) respectively. The punch (P) is fixed and the die (D) is movable. The U-shaped pincer (12) is mounted so that it can rotate both about a bending axis (V) coincident with the edge of the punch (P) and about a horizontal pivoting axis O which intersects the bending axis (V). A clamp (10) is adapted to grip an upper edge of a piece (W) of sheet metal so that a region thereof to be bent lies in a vertical suspension plane (B) lying between the arms (14, 16) of the U-shaped pincer (12) and containing the bending axis (V). The U-shaped pincer (12) and the clamp (10) are capable of relative movement both in a vertical direction (Z) and in a horizontal direction (X) perpendicular to the horizontal pivoting axis (O).

Abstract: A new water based lubricant composition for cold impact extrusion of spark plug bodies or the like, said composition being free of lower molecular weight flammable aliphatic and alicyclic compounds and comprising: an alkaline soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin binder, polytetrafluoroethylene particulate powder material, an alkaline solubilizing agent to maintain the pH of the composition within the range of approximately 8 to 11, a thickening agent, a defoaming agent, and the balance water; and a novel process of cold forming of metal or steel parts.

Abstract: A method for shot peening a first tube external to and concentric with a second tube comprising the steps of forming a slot through the second tube; positioning a shot peening device adjacent the notch in the second tube for propelling shot peening balls; propelling the shot peening balls through the slot in the second tube for shot peening the second tube; and rotating the second tube in increments for shot peening an entire circumferential portion of the first tube positioned outwardly and radially from the slot.

Abstract: A turntable for supporting an end blank having a tubular flange integral therewith is rotatable about an axis of the tubular flange. An annular threading roll die rotatable with the turntable receives therein the flange of the end blank with a full outer circumferential surface of the tubular flange being held against the annular threading roll die. The annular threading roll die has a first inner threading surface for threading the tubular flange. A threading roll is inserted into the tubular flange of the end flange supported on the turntable in spaced relationship to an inner circumferential surface of the tubular flange. The threading roll is rotatable and movable toward the inner circumferential surface of the tubular flange, and has a second inner threading surface which is complementary to the first threading surface.

Abstract: In a single strand rolling mill wherein a product is rolled in a twist-free manner through a succession of finishing stands before proceeding to a laying head, the finishing stands are grouped into at least first and second blocks arranged respectively along first and second non-aligned paths, with the laying head lying on the second path. Switches are employed to alternatively direct the product exiting from the first block either to the second path for continued rolling in the second block prior to being directed to the laying head, or along a third path bypassing the second block and leading directly to the laying head.

Abstract: A jointing clamp for pressing pipe connections, particularly for pipes of composite materials, includes two pressure clamps, each of which carries a form part of a form insert and which are connected with one another by connecting plates that are disposed on either side, and which are supported at the connecting plates so that they can be pivoted in opposite directions about parallel pivoting axes and can be moved into the closed position by means of a clamp driving device which can be connected to the jointing clamp by means of a crossbolt reaching through aligned boreholes in the connecting plates. In order to achieve a pressed pipe connection of high form accuracy, the form insert is constructed in three parts and the third form part is supported in a stationary manner between the connecting plates of the jointing clamp.

Abstract: A linear electromagnetic actuator has its core mounted to a can body forming apparatus and its coil attached to re-draw sleeve of such apparatus. The actuator provides for the axial movement of the re-draw sleeve between its fully retracted position and its fully extended position. The re-draw sleeve and the coil are coaxially mounted to each other so that the force exerted on the re-draw sleeve is also coaxial. Once the re-draw sleeve is in its fully extended position, an electromagnet is turned on so that the re-draw sleeve exerts the requisite force on the can material preform. The electromagnet is mounted coaxially about the re-draw sleeve and exerts its force on a magnetic material ring mounted to the re-draw sleeve to hold the re-draw sleeve against the can material preform.

Abstract: A transfer device for indexing workpieces through successive stations of a die in a stamping press is provided wherein the carriage and work engaging fingers are driven through separate drives actuated by the press ram. Each drive has an output shaft for operating the carriage and work engaging fingers, respectively. Each drive is compact and saves space by utilizing a plurality of links to drive the output shaft through 180.degree. of rotation so that desired accelertion and decelaration can be achieved. Each drive is a stand-alone mechanism adapted for use with existing transfer devices.

Abstract: A response time test apparatus for a mass air flow sensor (10) mounted on a sensor manifold (12) connectable to the air intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. The test apparatus has a connector member (28) to which the sensor manifold (12) may be attached and a primary manifold (30) connected between a vacuum source (46,48) and the connector member (30). The primary manifold (30) has a first branch (32) and a parallel second branch (38). The first branch (32) has a first sonic nozzle (34) and a first valve (38) controlling the air flow through the first branch (32). The second branch (38) has a second sonic nozzle (40) and a second valve (42) controlling the air flow through the second branch (32). The first and second sonic nozzles (34,40) producing substantially different air flow rates in the primary manifold (30).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for determining the ratio of the flowing condition density of a pipeline gas (i.e. the density at a flowing temperature and pressure) to the base condition density of the pipeline gas (i.e. the density at a base temperature and pressure). A sample of the pipeline gas is tapped from the pipeline to a first chamber of fixed volume where its temperature is maintained at the temperature of the gas flowing in the pipeline and the pressure of the sample is equivalent to the pressure of the gas in the pipeline. The sample of gas is flowed from the first chamber at a constant mass flow rate and the time rate of change of the pressure in the first chamber is determined. The ratio is derived from the time rate of change of the pressure in the first chamber, and the flowing temperature and pressure. By determining the base condition density separately, the flowing condition density may then be determined.

Abstract: A method for testing a waterproof casing having a flexible watertight portion having a flexible waterproofing portion, which is compressed to establish a water tight seal, and a stationary watertight portion, in which the watertightness is established by an adhesive, using a test casing to serve as the adjoining element, wherein the flexible waterproofing portion and the test casing together define a closed chamber, and wherein an air pressure change can be effected in the chamber through the test casing. The method includes the steps of establishing a first air pressure in the closed chamber, less than atmospheric pressure, which causes elastic deformation of the flexible waterproofing portion, and subsequently detecting a change in internal air pressure of the closed chamber.

Abstract: A method of discriminating the misfire of a multicylinder engine for each cylinder (FIG.

Abstract: In a method of detecting misfires in a gasoline internal combustion engine, the angular velocities of rotation of the engine detected by an angular velocity sensor are calculated over a period of time, and when the difference between the average value of the angular velocities of rotation and the maximum or minimum value thereof is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold value, the occurrence of misfires is determined. The threshold value is changed according to the operating conditions of the engine such as engine speed or load. Thus, in the method, most suitable, threshold values are set over wide ranges spanning from low speed to high speed, and from light load to heavy load. The abnormal rotation of the engine due to misfires can thereby be with high accuracy.

Abstract: A driving belt (2) operatively mounted on at least a first (3a) and second (4) pulleys electrically insulated from each other, is provided with an electrically conductive covering fabric acting in contact relationship with the pulleys. By applying an electric voltage to the pulleys (3a, 4) the electric resistance value offered by the belt (2) is detected and this value is compared with a reference value to which a given degree of wear of the belt corresponds. When the detected resistance value is greater than the reference value, a danger signal is emitted. The danger signal is inhibited during the belt operation and during a predetermined waiting time starting from the moment of the belt stopping in order to avoid the resistance detection to be altered by electrostatic charges present on one of the pulleys (3a, 4) and/or the high temperature in the vicinity of the belt (2).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a wear-detection probe for a brake lining material which prevents a U-turned portion 61 of a detector K from shifting in a housing and avoids an increase of parts and steps of forming the probe 50. A hole 53 is formed within part of the inner periphery of an insulated electrical wire 60 in a housing 55 by drawing out of the housing 55 a pin 100 which serves to prevent the wire from being shifted in a mold upon mold-forming. A reinforcement bridge 54 is integrally formed in the hole 53 by the same resin material 70 as that 70 of the housing 55. Since the reinforcement bridge 54 is integrally formed in the hole 53 made by drawing the pin 100 out of the molded housing 55, it is possible to increase the strength of the probe 50 and to position the U-turned portion 61 in the housing 55 by the support of the reinforcement bridge 54.

Abstract: A pneumatic calibration device is provided including a body having an air inlet port and an air outlet port, a pressure gauge extending from the body, and a mechanism for adjusting pressure disposed within the body. The pressure adjusting mechanism communicates with the pressure gauge. The air inlet and outlet ports are pneumatically coupled to the pressure adjusting mechanism so as to regulate inflation of an inflatable member.

Abstract: A luminescent pressure sensitive composition for determining an air pressure pattern includes a binder, preferably a polymer binder, with a luminophore, of which the intensity of luminescence depends on air pressure. The luminophore of which the intensity of luminesence depends on air pressure (active luminophore) is mixed together with an additional luminophore of which the intensity of luminescence has a different dependence on air pressure than the active or reference luminophore.

Abstract: A gear testing machine for evaluating the performance of a set of gears including a base support platform that mounts a pinion for movement in at least two mutually perpendicular axes, and permits fixing the pinion in place. The gear is then mounted relative to the pinion through controllable actuators attached to the frame so that the gear support can be positioned at a desired location relative to the pinion spindle axis to compensate for errors in mounting and to provide for very accurate mounting in accordance with specified parameters. The position of the gear carriage can be changed during a testing sequence when the gears are being run to observe changes in parameters on the gears.

Abstract: A flow rate meter including a substrate having at least one temperature-dependent resistor layer applied to it is retained in the flow of a medium by two retaining bodies parallel to one another. These retaining bodies are secured in a base body with a relatively small spacing from one another, which means the base body is not undesirably large in size. The novel flow rate meter permits one to reduce the size of the base body. Beginning at one connecting segment each, which extend parallel to one another, of each retaining body, each retaining body has a securing segment inclined with respect to the other retaining body; the securing segments protrude into the base body, extending directly next to one another. The flow rate meter is suitable in particular for measuring the mass or flow rate of aspirated air int he air intake tube of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A level measuring probe in which all potential leakage paths are closed by concentrically shrinking the outmost diametrical surface of the probe by some mechanical means such as a crimper or rotary swager to provide sufficient force to substantially uniformly deform the ground, guard, and active elements and insulators around the circumference of the probe such that multiple seals are created. A circumferential notch is preferably provided in the active probe element at the point of the crimping or swaging to provide "blowout protection" whereby the active probe electrode is held in place when used in a high pressure vessel. A pressure seal between the electrodes and insulation material is also maintained by using an elastomeric insulator which returns to its original shape after heating or a thin electrode which "gives" a little when the insulator expands radially during heating. The arrangement of the invention thus eliminates the need for costly machined parts and bushings to provide pressure seals.

Abstract: A method of evaluating un-dried lumber for its propensity to degrade, during drying couples an acoustic pulse to un-dried lumber and measures the speed of the propagating of the pulse through the lumber. Preferably, the pulse is directed transversely to the lumber's grain. The pulses may be generated by a calibrated weight striking the lumber's surface and detected at two points on the lumber by means of acoustically coupled accelerometers. A timer, triggering on similar portions of the acoustic pulse as detected at the two points provides the necessary information to deduce speed. A speed threshold is determined empirically by studying samples of the lumber type and the speed of acoustic pulses through them and drying them to determine their propensity to degrade.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for visualization of internal stresses in solid materials by an acoustic microscope (10) connected to an acoustic lens (5) having a circular or spherical transmitting and receiving surface (8) for transmitting ultrasonic waves to and receiving reflected waves from a sample (3) to be examined in a body of liquid (2), such as water, a motor drive unit (7) having a movable arm thereon (6) connected to the acoustic lens (5) for supporting and moving the lens for scanning the sample, the motor drive (7) being connected to the acoustic microscope (10) for being operated thereby to perform the scanning, a computer (16) having a visual display unit (18), and an oscilloscope (20) for indicating the reflected waves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system wherein the compensation for temperature effects on a pressure measurement gauge are accomplished by processing the raw pressure measurement signal from the gauge through an equation to produce a thermally compensated measurement. The equation expresses the thermally compensated pressure determination as a relation between a derivative of temperature and temperature. When the gauge is placed in an oil or gas well, the equation is used to obtain a correction for the measured pressure from the temperature measured adjacent to the pressure gauge.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system wherein the compensation for temperature effects on a pressure measurement gauge are accomplished by processing the raw pressure measurement signal from the gauge through an equation to produce a thermally compensated measurement. The equation expresses the thermally compensated pressure determination as a relation between a derivative of temperature and temperature. When the gauge is placed in an oil or gas well, the equation is used to obtain the corrected measured pressure from the raw measured pressure received from the gauge and the temperature measured adjacent to the gauge.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system wherein the compensation for temperature effects on a pressure measurement gauge are accomplished by processing the raw pressure measurement signal from the gauge through a linear differential equation to produce a thermally compensated measurement. The linear differential equation expresses the thermally compensated pressure determination as a relation between a derivative of temperature and a derivative of pressure error. The linear differential equation contains several coefficients having constant values, and these constant values are computed by calibrating the pressure gauge in a pressure tank having a known pressure and temperature. When the gauge is later placed in an oil or gas well, the coefficient values are used to obtain the corrected measured pressure from the raw measured pressure received from the gauge.

Abstract: A pressure transducer for measuring the pressure of a fluid comprising a housing having a cavity. A diaphragm capable of displacement is located within the cavity, dividing the cavity into a first and second chamber. The first chamber is capable of receiving a fluid to be measured, typically a liquid or a gas, while the second chamber contains a liquid such as a silicon oil. The second chamber also contains a gas and means for measuring the displacement of the diaphragm. Upon pressure being exerted against the diaphragm from the fluid, the diaphragm displaces against the liquid and gas, compressing and dissolving the gas as pressure is increased. Displacement of the diaphragm is measured by a measuring device, such as a strain gauge. When the gas is fully dissolved, further movement of the diaphragm is limited by the compressibility of the liquid.

Abstract: Apparatus for, and method of, through-the-valve testing the pressure levels within pressurized containers, particularly aerosol containers, without dispensing the container contents. The apparatus includes a vertically reciprocal head in which a small charge of gas under greater pressure than the highest pressure level to be tested for is isolated in a small chamber. The head is lowered onto a container being tested and an adapter on the bottom of the head interfaces with the valve on the container. The pressure of the charge in the head is released into the adapter and the container valve is actuated to provide a connection between the container pressure and the higher pressure in the head and adapter. Due to its small volume the pressure in the head and adapter readily equalizes to the level of the pressure in the container. This equalized pressure is sensed by a pressure sensor or transducer connected to the chamber in the head.

Abstract: A device for measuring the rate of flow of a fluid flowing in a closed conduit includes a rotor whose speed of rotation is directly dependent on the flow rate of the fluid. The rotor is carried symmetrically on a shaft which extends substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the conduit. The rotor includes measuring means in the form of bores provided therein, and a light-conductor is provided for determining the rotational speed of the rotor. The rotor preferably consists of a circular plate.