Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcement of rubber products composed of two material wires of a diameter of 0.25 to 0.40 mm and a carbon content of 0.75 to 0.88 wt % which are entwisted at a twist pitch of 9.0 to 16.0 mm and in open structure, with improved fatigue resistance, flexibility and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A method of stopping a spool which is driven by a continuously rotating spool roller on an open-end spinning machine. The spool is lifted off the spool roller and a braking roller is placed on the peripheral surface of the spool, after which the braking roller is braked to a stop. In this case, the roller is driven substantially at the peripheral speed of the spool roller before being placed on the spool. In order to perform the method, the braking roller has associated with it a braking device which is connected for control purposes to a spool-changing device. The braking device is constructed as a direct-current machine with a resetter.

Abstract: A tube transport assembly is provided for a textile machine system in which tubes having yarn or the like wound thereon are transported to, and empty tubes are transported from, a textile machine. Two different transport apparatus are each operable to transport a different kind of tube support member along a respective endless transport path. In one aspect of the present invention, an alternating positioning device alternately positions the two types of tube support members and a tube transfer device is operable to transfer the tubes and full yarn packages from the type of tube support members on which they are initially supported to the other type of tube support members. In one embodiment of the tube transport assembly, the alternating positioning device is a rotatable annular disk having a plurality of tube support member retaining positions uniformly spaced annularly thereon.

Abstract: In an open-end spinning machine is provided with a plurality of spinning stations installed next to each other. Each station having a spinning element part of a drive unit, and an opener unit contained in several assemblies. A plurality of longitudinal structure elements are provided to which the assemblies of the spinning device are attached. The longitudinal structural elements are interconnected by transversal bracing. The transversal bracing may be an intermediate wall.

Abstract: A thermal management system for a propulsion engine of a supersonic or hypersonic aircraft is provided that uses a single flow of endothermic fluid as engine fuel and as a heat sink for engine cooling. The system includes a plurality of heat exchangers in flow series arrangement. Each heat exchanger has a reactor portion, containing a catalyst, in heat exchange relation with a heat source portion. The single fluid flow flows through each of the reactor portions and heat source portions. The heat for the reaction in the reactor portions is provided by the fluid in the heat source portion which as a result is cooled. This cooled fluid is then reheated by flowing it past a hot portion of the engine after which the fluid can flow to another reactor portion or to the engine's combustor where it is ignited.

Abstract: In a method for reducing the pressure of a gas (12) from a primary network, this gas (12) is first fed through a heat exchanger (9) whose temperature potential comes from the exhaust gases (8) of a gas turbine (2), this gas turbine (2) being a constituent part of a gas turbine group (1, 2, 3, 4). Downstream of this heat exchanger (9), the gas (14) is admitted to an expander (10) which drives a compressor (11). The reduced pressure gas (15) from the expander (10) is used to operate the combustion chamber (4) of the gas turbine group. The compressor (11) provides a certain quantity of compressor air (17) which is introduced into the compressor (1) of the gas turbine group. Because both the thermal treatment of the gas (12) from the primary network and the compressor air (17) become available by using internal energy released by the process, the electricity yield from the generator (3) of the gas turbine group is increased in a manner specific to efficiency.

Abstract: A failure detection system for an air-to-fuel ratio control system includes a exhaust gas monitor positioned upstream of a catalytic converter for monitoring an emission content of exhaust gas based on which an air-to-fuel ratio is feedback controlled so as to be maintained at a desired ratio. The system has another exhaust gas monitor positioned downstream of the catalytic converter for monitoring an emission content of exhaust gas passed through the catalytic converter. Functional failures of the exhaust gas monitor of the air-to-fuel ratio control system is judged to be present on the basis of detected emission contents only when a predetermined threshold amount of intake air is detected.

Abstract: In a detecting method for deterioration of a catalyst inserted in an exhaust pipe, first, counting the number of times to cut the predetermined slice levels set in accordance with the engine operating conditions by O.sub.2 -sensors provided at the front and rear portions of the catalyst respectively. Then, a ratio of the counted numbers is calculated to judge a deterioration of a catalyst of a catalytic converter. Thus, influence of an output amplitude fluctuation of the RO.sub.2 sensor varying according to the operating condition is avoided to prevent a misjudgement of the deterioration of the catalyst.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control device for an internal combustion engine, in which a first exhaust sensor is disposed at an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine on an upstream side of a catalytic member which is disposed at the exhaust passage, and a second exhaust sensor is disposed at the exhaust passage on a downstream side of the catalytic member, with the air-fuel ratio being feedback-controlled by a control system in accordance with detection signals from the front and rear exhaust sensors.

Abstract: An engine exhaust purification system is provided with a catalyst in an exhaust line, and oxygen sensors disposed in the exhaust line upstream and downstream from the catalyst, respectively. Deterioration of the catalyst is judged based on a frequency ratio of reversal of an output from the downstream oxygen sensor with respect to a threshold value to an output from the upstream oxygen sensor with respect to a threshold value. The threshold value of the deteriorated oxygen sensor is changed so as to vary the frequency ratio of reversal.

Abstract: In a water-cooled exhaust pipe which is essentially assembled from cylindrical components, the sections of the interior pipe consist of cylindrically bent, rectangular sheet metal blanks which are elastically inserted into an intermediate wall. The construction minimizes the manufacturing costs of the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: Energy of shock force normally absorbed by shock absorber in an automotor vehicle is recovered and converted to electric power.

Abstract: An improvement in a multiple intensifier system having two intensifier units with reciprocating piston assemblies to supply very high pressure water. When one of the piston assemblies travels faster than the other, so that these reached an end stroke position at the same time, there can be an abrupt pressure drop. To alleviate this, a first embodiment isolates the compensator control lines of the pumps of the two intensifier units so as to maximize volumetric flow rates during such pressure drops to give the slower moving piston assembly a boost at the beginning of its subsequent stroke. Another embodiment provides an accumulator in the fluid control line for the compensators, and a further embodiment provides a pressure reference supply pump to alleviate pressure variations in the fluid control line.

Abstract: In a Stirling engine having a housing chamber (1) which is divided by a reciprocating gas-permeable regenerator plate (4) into two part chambers (6, 7), of which one can be heated and the second is provided with cooling (13), the second part chamber (7) communicating with a working cylinder which acts on a working shaft (14) or a flywheel mass (10) via a first drive device (9) and on the regenerator plate (4) via a second drive device, it is proposed to design the housing chamber (1) in a wedge-shape and to mount the regenerator plate (4) pivotably about a pivoting axis (5) in the tip of the housing chamber. As a result of the proposed design of the housing chamber (1) with the pivotable fixing of the regenerator plate (4) which at the same time serves as a displacement piston, the displacement function of the regenerator plate (4) is fully effected by low-wear pivoting motion about the pivoting axis (5).

Abstract: A stirling engine including a heat exchanger having a displacer plate, which moves to and fro between two spaced parallel housing plates of the heat exchanger housing and which divides the housing into an expansion chamber and a compression chamber, cooling and heating devices associated with the displacer plate, distributed struts extending between the spaced parallel housing plates and penetrating the displacer plate, and a linear roller diaphragm which guides the displacer plate with respect to the end faces of the housing.

Abstract: A clutch-servo for vehicles which constitutes a working device arranged for fluid connection with a master cylinder to be operated by the vehicle's driver. The servo comprises a working cylinder unit (50) with a piston (5) arranged in a working cylinder (1), which piston is connected to the clutch's engaging mechanism, and a control valve unit (60) for the working cylinder unit (50), with a valve body (21) arranged in the valve housing (44). The master cylinder has a fluid connection with the working cylinder unit (50) and the control valve unit (60), so that the fluid in the master cylinder simultaneously exerts a force on the piston (5) and the valve body (21), in order to try to release the clutch and to move the valve body (21) in order to connect the working cylinder unit (50) to a servo pressure fluid source when the driver operates the master cylinder. According to the invention the valve unit is constituted by a slide valve.

Abstract: A device for driving a tool in axial direction in the course of a vibration-like forward and reverse movement, which operates at high efficiency with a rapidly oscillating stroke frequency and can be used as an easily handled hand-held appliance because, due to the drive, an especially advantageous ratio of the weight and volume to the power exerted at output is feasible. This drive consists of a piston (8) movable non-positively to and fro, which feeds oil to a working piston (22) and moves the latter correspondingly to and fro against the pressure of a spring (25) acting on the working piston (22) and against the external air pressure. The tool to be drive is preferably connected with the working piston (22) by means of the counterpressure spring (25). Working cylinder (20) and master cylinder (9) are connected with each other by a flexible hose (14) to prevent any weight transmission to the hand-held appliance. (FIG.

Abstract: A tool for connecting an electrical connector to a conductor includes a drive mechanism and a compression head. The drive mechanism has a housing, a first ram and a firing mechanism to ignite a powder cartridge that moves the first ram relative to the housing. The compression head is adjustably connected to the housing and includes a frame, a second ram movably mounted to the frame and an adaptor adjustably connecting the frame to the housing. The adaptor has an aperture such that the first ram can extend through the adaptor and move the second ram.

Abstract: A liquid fuel power plant (100) including an open-ended combustion chamber (102) and a first mechanism (112) for delivering a combustible liquid fuel to the open-ended combustion chamber (102). A second mechanism (136) is included for igniting the fuel in the open-ended combustion chamber (102). A coiled tube-shaped mechanism (140) located external to the combustion chamber (102) is provided for extending the length of the combustion chamber (102) to decompose the ignited fuel and to provide an exhaust gas comprised of fundamental elements. Finally, a third mechanism (160) is provided for using the exhaust gas to perform useful work. The air input line (120) delivers compressed air, which can be preheated, in an air passageway (130) and thereafter is mixed with the combustible fuel in the open-ended combustion chamber (102).

Abstract: A gas turbine engine hot section component such as a turbine blade or vane having an airfoil is provided a non-film cooled portion of a heat transfer wall having a hot surface and a plurality of longitudinally extending micro-grooves disposed in the portion of the wall along the hot surface in a direction parallel to the direction of the hot gas flow. The depth of the micro-grooves is very small and on the order of magnitude of a predetermined laminar sublayer of a turbulent boundary layer. The grooves are sized so as to alter the boundary layer thickness near the leading edge of the airfoil to reduce heat transfer from the hot gas flow to the airfoil near the leading edge. In one embodiment the micro-grooves are about 0.001 inches deep and have a preferred depth range of from about 0.001 inches to 0.005 inches and which are square, rectangular, or triangular in cross-section and the micro-grooves are spaced about one width apart.

Abstract: Process and installation for transferring a liquid, via a rising conduit (6, 9, 11, 12) provided with an expansion valve (7, 10, 13), from a first distillation column (2), operating at a first pressure, to equipment (3), particularly a second distillation column, operating at a pressure lower than the first pressure. There is injected into the rising conduit, downstream of the expansion valve, a lift gas available at a pressure greater than the pressure created by a column of liquid between the point of injection of the gas and the point of introduction of the liquid into the equipment (3). The lift gas is available at the pressure of the first distillation column (2) and is injected into the liquid in the rising column above the point of withdrawal of this liquid. There is used as lift gas a gas withdrawn from a point in the first column (2) and so chosen as not to modify substantially the composition of the transferred liquid, or a portion of the air feed to the installation can be used for this purpose.

Abstract: A cryogenic rectification system for producing lower purity oxygen wherein a higher pressure feed air stream is used to reboil the bottoms of a lower pressure column and a lower pressure feed air stream is fed directly into a higher pressure column.

Abstract: In this nitrogen-cycle installation, the cycle compressor provides a supply of high-pressure nitrogen which serves to heat oxygen supplied in liquid form from the reservoir of a low-pressure column and raised in pressure by a pump to the desired high production pressure. Oxygen gas may be produced at a pressure exceeding about 50 bars.

Abstract: A closed cycle refrigerating system for cryogenic temperatures using a single stage compressor with a refrigerant comprising a gas mixture. The refrigerating system includes a heat exchanger having a throttling orifice which is arranged to provide refrigeration, and a single stage oil lubricated compressor for compressing the refrigerant. The compressor is typically of the rolling piston type. The refrigerant is a mixture of at least one cryogenic gas having a normal boiling point below 120 degrees K and at least two other gases having normal boiling point temperatures below 300 degrees different from each other and from said one gas. There is also included means for cooling the compressed refrigerant and for circulating the cooled refrigerant to the heat exchanger and its throttling orifice and then back to the compressor. The system does not require any cascaded heat exchangers or intermediate phase separators.

Abstract: A reversible vapour compression refrigeration plant serves as an air conditioner for cooling or as a heat pump for heating. A main stream of inlet air is divided into separate main and bypass streams of air and proportion of flow between the two streams is varied in an inverse ratio so that as flow through the bypass duct increases, flow through the main duct decreases and vice versa. When the plant is used for heating, the main stream is heated by a supply heat exchanger acting as a condenser and when the plant is used as an air conditioner, the supply heat exchanger acts as an evaporator. Also, as an additional alternative, as a desired air space temperature is approached, preferably heat rejected by a condenser in the heating mode, or heat gathered by the evaporator in the cooling mode, is gradually reduced by reducing refrigerant flow therethrough by modulating compressor suction. Full fresh air or full re-circulating air modes, or a combination of mixed and re-circulating air can be used.

Abstract: In a low temperature storage house having a temperature sensor for detecting an internal temperature of the storage house, a cooling apparatus for cooling the interior of the storage house, cooling control means for repetitively controlling operation and stop of the cooling apparatus based on the internal temperature detected by the temperature sensor and for maintaining the internal temperature in a value between predetermined upper and lower limit temperatures, and display means for indicating the internal temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the form of letters, an abnormal display apparatus for the low temperature storage house comprises abnormal detection means for detecting the plural kinds of abnormalities respectively occurring in the low temperature storage house; abnormal data forming means for forming abnormal data indicative of each of the abnormal kinds in accordance with the kinds of abnormalities detected by the abnormal detection means; and display control means for applying each

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a loss of refrigerant and air pressure in a refrigeration/heat pump system having a low pressure refrigerant line and H.V.A.C. ducting, the apparatus comprising: a pressure switch fluidly communicating with the low pressure refrigerant line, responsive to pressure changes therein; a vacuum pressure switch fluidly communicating with a portion of the H.V.A.C. ducting, responsive to air pressure loss therein; a signaling circuit having an enabling DC power supply, operatively associated with the pressure switch and vacuum pressure switch, and two pairs of green and red LEDS for conveying to the operator when the refrigerant pressure drops below a predetermined valve indicating a refrigerant loss or clogged, dirty condenser or evaporator coils, and when air pressure within the H.V.A.C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improved latent heat extraction combines a run-around coil system with a condenser heat recovery system to enhance the moisture removing capability of a conventional vapor compression air conditioning unit. The run-around coil system exchanges energy between the return and supply air flows of the air conditioning unit. Energy recovered in the condenser heat recovery system is selectively combined with the run-around system energy extracted from the return air flow to reheat the supply air stream for downstream humidity control. A control system regulates the relative proportions of the extracted return air flow energy and recovered heat energy delivered to the reheat coil for efficient control over moisture in the supply air flow. Auxiliary energy in the form of electric heat energy is further added to the recovered heat energy for additional reheat use.

Abstract: A monitor used in refrigerant recovery systems to detect and reduce non-condensable vapor in a storage container. The monitor has a sampling reservoir that draws a sample of liquid refrigerant contained in a storage container. The sample of liquid refrigerant is allowed to reach equilibrium, providing a saturated vapor pressure, which is compared to the vapor pressure in an upper portion of the container. The difference in pressure between the sampling reservoir and the container indicating when the container should be exhausted.

Abstract: A transportable container for carrying refrigerated products in frozen (sub zero Fahrenheit) or refrigerated (for example, 40.degree. F.) temperatures includes a structural container having an insulated outer shell with an access doorway. The upper portion of the container includes a transverse perforated baffle and positioned above the baffle are a pair of spaced apart canisters containing liquid refrigerant (CO.sub.2, for example). A gas or liquid feeder tube penetrates each bottle and communicates with an on/off valve. A feeder tube can draw liquid to dispense for cooling, or it can release gas and pressure within the canister to boil the CO.sub.2. When CO.sub.2 reaches its boiling point, the canister, its bracket, and the cold plate reach very cold temperatures to cool the cargo area. The gas is released through copper tubing over the cold plate to act as a method for convection. A temperature regulator valve dispenses CO.sub.

Abstract: A low profile room air conditioner. The low profile is achieved in part by the arrangement of components in its outside section. The fan that moves air through the outside section is of the axial flow type mounted so that its axis of rotation is substantially perpendicular to the base of the enclosure and so that the fan draws air into the outside section through the top of the enclosure. Air discharges from the outside section through an air discharge on a side of the enclosure. Louvers at the air discharge direct the air exiting the enclosure away from the air inlet. A slinger directs droplets of condensate drained from the inside refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger into the air flowing through the outside section. The air carries the condensate on to the outside refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger where it evaporates. The air flow carries the resultant water vapor out of the outside section.

Abstract: A refrigerated waste storage container is disclosed, the container having a refrigeration unit for cooling or freezing the contents therein and a germicidal lamp for producing radiation to kill microorganisms in the waste. The container includes a sealable cover which incorporates the germicidal lamp and appropriate controls for cycling the lamp and the refrigeration unit to eliminate objectionable odors and germs.

Abstract: A split-type air-conditioning apparatus is disclosed comprising the basic refrigeration component in combination with a chiller system defined by three water chambers, a refrigerant control before bare evaporator coil, a bare evaporator coil confined within said water chambers, a plurality of by-pass cooler tubes connecting two of said three water chambers, a blower means disposed on top of said reservoir, an air duct provided thereat to provide air flow defined by the entrance of air from the by-pass cooler tubes and leading to the blower means, and an endless net mesh disposed between said blower means and air duct directly along said air flow.

Abstract: A replaceable clip formed from an elongated bowed member having one end adapted to fit a lug through an aperture and the opposite end fit another lug through a slot. The lugs extend from a panel secured by the clip to an annular shaped shell and the bowed surface bears again the upper surface of the shell to retain the panel while allowing it to grow thermally in both the axial and circumferential directions. The clip is particularly adapted to be used in a transition duct or combustor liner of a gas turbine engine.

Abstract: A convertible jewelry article includes a button cover and a pair of inserts for converting the button cover for use as a pin or a clip-on earring. The button cover includes a cover portion having an open back and a back plate hinged to the cover so that it is hingeably received over the open back. The back plate includes an opening for receiving button attachment means therein, and resilient clip members for releasably maintaining the back plate in closed relation over the open back. The pin insert includes an insert body, a raised surface on one side thereof and a pin projecting outwardly from the raised surface. The earring insert is generally similar but includes a spring loaded earring clamp instead of a pin. Both of the inserts are adapted to be received in the cover portion so that the raised surface is received in interfitting engagement with the opening in the back plate when the back plate is in closed relation over the open back of the button cover.

Abstract: A method for producing an optical fibre which has been treated with titanium dioxide to improve its corrosion resistance includes stretching an assembly consisting of an outer sleeve having engaged therein a bar which is partially or entirely made of synthetic silica. When treating said fibre, the outside of the coupling sleeve is coated, prior to assembling the components, with a deposit of vitrified synthetic silica containing titanium dioxide.

Abstract: An oxidation intensifier apparatus for continuous warp-chain indigo dyeing machines for dyeing a plurality of adjacent spaced parallel warp threads passing in a traveling path through a plurality of dyeing and squeezing units includes a first oxidation intensifier unit (10A) on one side of said traveling path, a second oxidation intensifier unit on the other side of said traveling path between two dyeing and squeezing units (I and II), and a fan (19) in each unit for blowing air onto opposite sides of the warp threads passing between the units. Each oxidation intensifier unit has an inlet on which the fan (19) is mounted, a diffuser (22) having an air inlet (21) adjacent the output side (20) of the fan and a diffuser outlet (23) in adjacent spaced relationship to the traveling warp threads (12). Each diffuser may contain in its interior a deflector (25) and/or a grille-type conveyor (26) to assure uniform distribution of the air delivered from the fan to the traveling warp threads.

Abstract: Preferred and alternative embodiments of a locking apparatus are described for use on bicycles with quick release mechanisms on the wheels or seat. The lock consists of three attachable components, a locking platform, lock housing and bridge, and lock. When fitted together and onto the bicycle, the locking apparatus components secure the lever arm of a quick release mechanism, preventing any rotation thereof and blocking access thereto with cutting devices. A gripless nut is also provided for use on a bicycle wheel axle opposite the quick release mechanism.

Abstract: An electronic key and lock system, particularly useful for solenoid-operated locks employs a key that can operate electronically and mechanically. The key is mechanically polarized with its blade forming a first electrical contact and a separate second contact which is flush or raised relative to the blade. Each of the key and the cylinder employs respective light emitting and light receiving IR devices for communications between the electronics in the key and communications within the lock. The lock includes a solenoid-operated electronic cylinder.

Abstract: The shut height of a crimping die set (9) for crimping an electrical terminal (T) on an anvil (22) to a lead (L) is adjustable stepwise by means of a disc (60) which can be driven by a servo motor (M1) to a plurality of angular positions each setting a theoretical ideal shut height for a particular combination of lead and terminal sizes. Since anvil wear, in particular, and/or minor variations in lead and terminal dimensions can falsify the ideal crimp height set, the actual crimp height achieved, is measured electronically or mechanically, and the height of the anvil (22) is automatically adjusted in accordance with such measurement, by means of a further servo motor (M2) to adjust the shut height of the die set (9) and anvil (22), so that the ideal shut height is achieved.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for bending serpentine heat exchanger tubes using a split bend die having a relatively short upper die section with a straight back end. After the tube is bent in conventional manner using a clamp die and a pressure die, the bend die is split along a shaft and rotated through a predetermined angle to position the straight back end substantially parallel to a straight segment of the tube at the output of the bend die. The input segment of the tube is then moved next to the shaft in preparation for rotating above the input segment to raise the output segment above the upper section of the bend die. Such lateral motion reduces the segment spacing required for clearance of the upper section. Other features for reducing the spacing are providing an indentation on the shaft, angling the back end with respect to the sides to provide a minimum length, and truncation an upper portion along the back end.

Abstract: A machine for coiling a sheet metal strip having a pair of lateral flanges joined by a channel shaped rib with oppositely opening lateral grooves where the rib is on the outside of the coil, includes a pair of cooperating fluting rolls between which the strip is fed to flute the flanges, one roll being circumferentially grooved to receive the rib of the strip, and a wedge shaped coiling shoe is positioned to receive the strip from the rolls. The shoe has three strip coiling ramps, two of which bear against the flanges and embrace the rib, and the third bears against the top of the rib. These ramps are positioned to deflect the strip into a coiled configuration. A pair of ears on the coiling shoe enters the oppositely opening lateral grooves and cooperatively with the fluting of the flanges prevents collapse or distortion of the grooves.

Abstract: Machines for producing, processes for producing, and a process for designing tooling to bend longitudinally cyclically variable cross-section members from sheet material are provided. The products are for specific applications, and are produced in machines by processes in which a plurality of sets of rollers with mating non-axisymmetric surfaces are specifically designed and mounted in an accurately spaced serial array for bending sheet material passing therethrough a predetermined amount, concurrently in the longitudinal and transverse directions, depending on the shape of the product to be formed and the ductility, strength and stiffness of the sheet material.

Abstract: A female die 3 is composed of a plate-shaped bearing tip 31, a backup block 32 and a cylindrical holder 33 for receiving and setting in place the tip together with the block, in which the bearing tip 31 made of a hard metal and the backup block 32 also made of the hard metal are such that they can be manufactured simply and easily, and in which only the bearing tip 31 need be replaced with a new one if and when the bearing portion of the die has been abraded.

Abstract: An apparatus is a press line includes presses along a material flow direction for stepwise processing of a workpiece. A transfer device moves each workpiece from one press to the next in the press line. The transfer devices are displaceable transversely of the press line. Further, a carriage is included for each press for transport of tools, the carriage being drivable along tracks. To permit rapid tool change and maximum utilization of the space surrounding the press line, the carriage is provided with a first end portion fitted with equipment for transport of a tool to or from a press, and with a second end portion which carries the transfer device so that this projects cantilevered out from the carriage.

Abstract: Subsonic venturi proportional and isokinetic sampling methods and apparatus for use in evaluating exhaust emissions from an exhaust source which utilizes a pair of calibrated subsonic venturi restrictions for measuring the bulkstream and extracted sample flow rates respectively. The subsonic venturis may be specifically configured relative to each other to provide isokinetic sampling under specified control conditions.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring permeability in rock samples comprising a measuring table (1, 41) for strapping down a rock sample (2), a nozzle (18) that can be pressed against the rock sample (2) at a set force, a gas source (23) connected to the nozzle (18), devices (24) for measuring mass flow through the nozzle and pressure in the nozzle. The apparatus comprises a rack (10,48) equipped with a pneumatic cylinder to which the nozzle is attached and where the rack and measuring table are movable in relation to each other in an X and Y direction via motors. A computer (21) that controls: (a) the motors, and thereby the movements of the nozzle and the measuring table relatively to each other so that the sample is covered by a predetermined measuring point pattern, (b) a mass flow meter (24) that controls and measures the gas flow to the nozzles, (c) a selector valve for compressed air that controls the pneumatic cylinder, and thereby the vertical movement of the nozzle.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and method for detecting a leak from an object. A bubble collecting tube is used for collecting bubbles emitted from an object and a bubble detecting assembly adjacent the bubble collecting tube is used for detecting a predetermined volume of bubbles collected in the bubble collecting tube to indicate a leak in the object.

Abstract: A leak test port plug device is disclosed which includes a resilient plug having a first portion which is substantially cylindrical and a second portion which is generally conical and formed in integral one-piece relationship to the first portion. When the first portion is inserted into a port of a component to be tested and the plug is compressed, the first portion radially expands in the port and the second conical portion moves into the end of the port to effectively seal the port against fluid leakage.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the thermal stability of fluids, particularly for testing the deposition characteristics of fuels, comprising a conduit system which connects in series; a test fluid reservoir having a movable piston capable of discharging the fluid, a heater section in which is mounted a heated tubular member, a time reactor of a sufficient volume to increase the residence time of the fluid therein, and a water displacement reservoir. The system also incorporates a filter located at an outlet of the heater section designed to trap deposits which may form due to the heating, and a similar filter located at an outlet of the time reactor designed to trap further deposits that may form with additional time. A differential pressure measuring device is connected across each of these filters to measure the pressure drop therethrough.