Abstract: A bag-holder and an extraction machine for enabling extraction of a substance for preparation of a beverage contained in a pliant bag having at least one linear edge weld. The bag-holder has a housing configured to provide a cavity for containing the bag and an area which provides a grid of raised and indented elements and flow holes, the grid area providing for tearing the bag and for flow of extract from the housing during extraction. The bag-holder also has provision for securing the edge weld of the bag to keep the bag in the holder. The bag-holder also contains a bore in the area of the outflow grid for accepting a hollowed needle therethrough for penetrating into a bag for introducing extraction fluid into the bag and wherein the needle, during extraction, extends from an extraction machine which also has a part for, upon placement of the bag-holder together with the extraction machine, enabling sealing the part and the holder.

Abstract: A cooking appliance, such as a gas grill, includes a cooking pit, at least one radiant gas burner on a side wall of the pit, a receptacle for collecting liquid and cooking juices, and a bottom assembly which is heat-retaining and permeable with respect to the liquids flowing toward the collecting receptacle. The cooking appliance further includes a water spray assembly which allows steam cooking.

Abstract: A barbecue grill for cooking food includes: a firebox, the firebox including angled lower walls for draining liquids coming from the food; a grease channel, connected to the lower portion of the firebox, for directing grease outside of the firebox; a cover pivotally attached to the firebox; a cooking surface removably placed at the top of the firebox and securely held therein. Also provided in certain and alternate embodiments of the invention are one or more gas burners mounted in any of several orientations within the firebox, an electric cooking plate, a rotisserie, and a retaining means for securing a fuel supply tank.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing and dispensing an aerated product comprises a mixer which has a first inlet for receiving a fluid, a second inlet for receiving a gas, and an outlet. A relatively long continuous turbulence passage of relatively small cross section has one end positioned to receive the effluent from the mixer outlet and its other end spaced from the mixer outlet so that the effluent is subjected to confined turbulent mixing in the turbulence passage until the fluid product is discharged from the passage other end. If that product is to be cooled, the turbulence passage leads to a cooling area which cools and at least partially freezes the fluid product issuing from that passage. The invention has particular application to the making and dispensing of frozen yogurt and ice cream and allows for the service of individualized fresh portions in a variety of flavors and with little required cleaning.

Abstract: A lightweight, high strength disposable or recyclable corrugated pallet. The corrugated pallet is formed from one or more sheets of flat corrugated material, at least one of which is scored and cut to form a plurality of spaced apart opposing panels. The panels are hingedly connected to the primary sheet and folded downwardly normal to the bottom surface of the sheet(s) defining a pair of opposing panel support legs. A generally square aperture is formed in the surface of the sheet upon folding of the panels. A support member complementary sized and shaped according to the aperture formed in the sheet and the length of the opposing panel support legs is inserted through the aperture and secured between the pair of opposing panel support legs, preferably with an adhesive. The support member is formed from one or more layers of a narrow strip of corrugated material having a plurality of scores cut therein along the surface of one side for bending said strip into a generally square configuration.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method employ a printing press which normally includes a plurality of printing stations and a plurality of heating stations. An adhesive, rather than ink, is applied to a continuous web at at least one of the printing stations and heat is subsequently applied to the web at at least one of the heating stations in order to initiate curing of the adhesive. Roll leaf is pressed against the web with a pressure sufficient to transfer colored (i.e., metallic or non-metallic) material from the roll leaf to the adhesive which has been applied to the web and which is undergoing curing.

Abstract: The rotation of the inner press roller 16 is synchronized with the rotation of the printing drum 10 by the gear train including a gear wheel 22 coaxial with the printing drum, a gear wheel 24 meshing with the gear wheel 22 and rotatably supported by an arm 26 swingable about the central axis of the printing drum, and a gear wheel 28 meshing with the gear wheel 24 and coaxially connected with the inner press roller 16 to rotate therewith and rotatably supported by an arm 18 swingable about a pivot axis Ob parallel with and distant from the central axis Oa of the printing drum. A clutch 86 is provided to apply a torque from the printing drum when driven to the arm 26 to control the biasing out operation of the inner press roller 12 against the circumferential wall 12 of the printing drum. The clutch may be replaced by the linear actuator 96. The clutch or linear actuator may be temporarily actuated stronger during a starting up of the printing operation.

Abstract: A water distribution system is disclosed in an ink flow temperature control system of a plurality of printing presses such as multi-color offset perfecting and nonperfecting web and sheet fed presses. The system includes a plurality of printing presses each having at least one printing head whereat water is used to control the temperature of ink distributed through the head. A multiple zone control unit controls the temperature of water distributed to the printing heads of the plurality of printing presses. An enlarged rigid conduit extends between the multiple zone control unit and each printing press. A plurality of flexible non-metallic distribution hoses are located within the enlarged rigid conduit for distributing water between the multiple zone control unit and the printing heads of the plurality of printing presses.

Abstract: An ink furnishing apparatus for a printing press for performing printing by furnishing an ink to a printing plate on a plate cylinder is selectively operable in an entire surface ink furnishing mode, in which a first gap is held fully opened, the doctor means is placed in contact with the metering roller, ink drawn through the fully opened first gap in a thickness corresponding to the first gap by rotation of the fountain roller, is furnished in an excess amount of ink onto the peripheral surface of the metering roller, the extra amount of ink on the peripheral surface is scraped off by means of the doctor means contacting with the peripheral surface of the metering roller to return to the ink fountain, and the ink is furnished onto a printing plate in a plate cylinder via the peripheral surface of the form roller in substantially uniform amount over the entire position along the axis of the metering roller, and in a local ink furnishing mode, in which the first gap is adjusted to be narrower with respect to

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for removing ink, water and contamination build-up on an ink roller in a printing press. The present invention also relates to a device for scavenging unused ink from an ink roller in a printing press, to allow the return the unused ink to the ink fountain. One embodiment of the invention includes a movable scraper blade having a gap corresponding to the lithographic or printing area of the ink roller. In this embodiment, the blade scrapes ink and/or water off of the ink roller only in the areas adjacent the lithographic or printing area. In another embodiment, a scraper blade is constructed of a series of blade segments, with each blade segment being independently actuatable through an actuator. This embodiment allows the scraping area or areas to be adjusted by simply controlling the appropriate actuators for the blade segments corresponding to the scraping area.

Abstract: A transfer cylinder for supporting freshly printed sheet material between printing units or at the delivery unit of a printing press is provided with an ink repellent, flexible jacket covering for supporting and transporting the sheet material without transfer of wet ink from one sheet to a successive sheet and without smearing the ink or causing indentations on the surface of the sheet material. The circumferential support surface of the transfer cylinder is covered with a conductive, fluoropolymer layer secured to the surface of the transfer cylinder beneath the protective, wash-free disposable flexible jacket covering. The low friction properties of the conductive base covering permit free movement of the ink repellent, flexible jacket covering relative to the transfer cylinder surface. Electrostatic charges delivered to the flexible jacket covering by the printed sheet material are drawn away from the flexible jacket covering and are discharged into the transfer cylinder by the conductive base covering.

Abstract: A self-steering wheel truck for use with a railway locomotive or powered transit car in which tractive force is transferred from the axle to the frame through angled traction rods and steering beams connecting with the end axles. The steering beams interconnect the end axles so that the yaw of one axle induces an equal and opposite rotation of the other end axle. The traction rods are aligned at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the truck. The angled traction rod arrangement induces a force tending to return a laterally displaced axle back to center, thereby minimizing hunting while at the same time permitting self steering axle yaw action.

Abstract: A post in a modular pallet includes a male part and a female part shaped to receive the male part along a predetermined axis. Complementary locking structure, such as mating screw thread segments or mating ratchet teeth, are formed with the male and female parts and interlock progressively to resist relative axial separation of the parts when the pans are placed in a predetermined locked orientation. Complementary detent structures resist displacement of the parts from their locked orientation toward an unlocked orientation in which the parts separate axially.

Abstract: A folding table has a table top with an upper working surface and an underside, the underside having at least one rearwardly located leg retainer and at least one forwardly located strut retainer. A leg assembly has an elongated connecting member and a pair of legs extending from opposite ends of the connecting member, each leg having a foot member extending from a lower end thereof remote from the connecting member. An angularly movable strut is pivotally secured at the rear to at least one of the legs and is releasably engageable at the front with the strut retainer. The strut is angularly movable between a working position in releasable engagement with the strut retainer to maintain the tabletop in a working position and a retracted position between the legs when released from the strut retainer.

Abstract: A control system of coal pulverizer associated with a rotary classifier, applicable to a pulverized coal burning boiler or the like, includes a function generating section, a computing section, and a rotational speed controlling section. The function generating section receives a signal representing a coal feed rate and outputs signals representing a preset proper range of a current to be fed to the motor of the coal pulverizer for such coal feed rate. The computing section is responsive to a signal representing the current motor current and the signals produced by the function generating section to output a command signal which will maintain the speed of the rotary classifier when the motor current represented by the motor current signal is within the proper range, and to output a command signal which will decrease or increase the speed of the rotary classifier, respectively, in the case where the same motor current has increased or decreased beyond the proper range.

Abstract: A mechanism for planting agricultural seed. The mechanism has a frame to be drawn by a towing vehicle in a forward direction, a seed supply hopper on the frame, structure on the frame for directing seed from the hopper to a delivery point adjacent to a surface on underlying soil into which seed is to be planted, structure on the frame for pressing seed from the seed directing structure into underlying soil adjacent to the delivery point as the frame moves in the forward direction, and cooperating first and second soil parting structures on the frame for defining a receptacle for seed at the delivery point.

Abstract: A quilting method and apparatus in which ticking or facing material changes are effected, preferably under the control of a programmed computer or controller, by automatically retrieving, and preferably also splicing onto a web, selected materials from a facing material supply. The controller preferably also controls a quilter in the stitching of selected patterns along a web, and coordinates the positions of the patterns and material splices between the patterns, in response to measurements and calculations of dimensional changes between infeed webs, quilted tensioned web and cut untensioned panels. Storage compartments are provided for a variety of facing materials, preferably rolls thereof. A retrieval mechanism moves webs selected by the programmed controller to a feed position adjacent the quilter.

Abstract: A piston and cylinder combination is mounted on the backside of a sewing machine and a piston rod projects from the cylinder toward the bed plate of the sewing machine intermediate the sewing machine head and the support standard. At the lower end of the piston rod is a seam gauge or guide to abut one edge of fabric being sewn by a needle. Retraction of the piston rod retracts the seam gauge from close proximity to the needle and bed plate. The piston and cylinder combination is mounted on a track secured to the back of the sewing machine. The piston and cylinder combination is movable transversely on the track for adjusting the spacing between the seam gauge and the needle.

Abstract: A two-needle sewing machine includes first and second sewing needles for performing two stitching operations at the same time; a motor for driving the first and second sewing needles; first and second thread cutting mechanisms provided for the first and second sewing needles, respectively, for cutting threads at the ends of the stitching operations; a first actuator and a second actuator for driving respective ones of the first and second thread cutting mechanisms; and a thread cutting control circuit which stores data corresponding to the timing of a first thread cutting drive signal to the first actuator and the timing of a second thread cutting drive signal to the second actuator, both signals corresponding to rotational speeds of the motor, and which, according to the data and the rotational speeds of the motor, applies the first and second thread cutting drive signals to the first and second actuators at different times defined by the data.

Abstract: An under thread supply apparatus for a sewing machine comprises a bobbin case, a bobbin exchange device, a thread removal device and a winding device. The bobbin case is removably set to a shuttle of the sewing machine and accommodates a bobbin with the thread wound thereon. The bobbin exchange device takes the bobbin case out of the shuttle, and sets the bobbin case accommodating the bobbin with the thread wound anew therearound to the shuttle. The thread removal device removes the thread from the bobbin accommodated in the bobbin case which is taken out. The winding device winds a preset amount of thread around the bobbin after the thread is removed therefrom.

Abstract: A clamping device for use in a sewing machine. The clamping device includes a clamping plate having a downwardly facing clamping surface for clamping a first workpiece to a sewing surface of a sewing machine wherein the clamping plate is supported for vertical movement beneath a sewing head for the sewing machine. The clamping plate is provided with a vacuum aperture which is in fluid connection with a vacuum source wherein the vacuum source draws a second workpiece into engagement with the clamping plate. A support plate is provided for supporting the second workpiece beneath the clamping plate and a feed mechanism is provided for feeding the second workpiece onto the support plate.

Abstract: A device for automatically forming a loop-like anchor member on a trim cover assembly. The device includes a recessed groove arranged between a slit formed in a table of sewing machine and a movable feed member of sewing machine, a guide duct member extending through the slit from below the table up into the recessed groove, and a feed control device provided in an anchor material supplying/folding mechanism disposed below the table. An folded-over form of anchor member supplied via the guide duct member from the anchor material supplying/folding mechanism is fed and stopped by the feed control device to such degree that the forward extremity of the folded-over form of anchor member is moved in the recessed groove and positioned within the operative feeding range of the movable feed member of sewing machine.

Abstract: The member may for instance be a sail having at least one opening to create an air flow from the pressure face to the suction face, and guides to guide the air emerging from the opening on the suction face side and direct it tangentially in relation to the member. The opening and the guides are formed temporarily and adjusted by varying the position and/or geometry of at least one portion and/or region of the device. The device further includes devices for adjusting the member's geometry, including the shape and concavity of its camber.

Abstract: A rudderless sailboat having a hydrodynamic symmetry fore and aft which can be sailed equally well in either direction. The craft is steered by tilting the mast and keel. In an alternative embodiment the sailboat also has no keel. The hulls are rigid and have a v-shaped bottom. While sailing forward, the sail can be rotated past the angle of zero angle-of-attack to that angle-of-attack where the wind is aback on the sail. This stops the boat and causes it to sail back in the general direction from which it came. This sailboat maneuver is called a tack aback.

Abstract: An underwater vehicle has a generally cylindrically portion with boundary yer polymer fluid storage and a pressurizing source provided therein, and a nose portion secured to the cylindrical portion and capable of being reconfigured for ejecting the polymer fluid from the nose adjacent the centerline of the vehicle or from the area of minimum pressure adjacent the juncture between the nose of the vehicle and the cylindrical portion. The nose portion can be reconfigured without breaking down the joint between the nose portion and the cylindrical portion of the vehicle. A removable plug is provided for isolating nose ejector ports, and a removable channel blocking dam is provided for isolating the ports provided in the area of minimum pressure adjacent the joint between the nose portion and the cylindrical portion of the vehicle. Further, the nose ejector ports are defined in a removable nose cap subassembly and a removable annular subassembly defines the ejector ports in the area of minimum pressure.

Abstract: A power steering assist system, especially adaptable for a marine vehicle having a propulsion unit pivotal about a steering axis and including a steering member to effect steering movement thereof about the steering axis and an operator actuable steering helm, comprising a hydraulic cylinder, a rotary valve body disposed adjacent the hydraulic cylinder and having a valve control adapted to establish fluid communication between the hydraulic cylinder and a fluid source for supplying hydraulic fluid to the cylinder. A ball screw, operably connected with the valve body, and a ball nut, having a recirculating ball connection with the ball screw, is operably connected to the piston so as to move axially on reciprocal movement of the piston. Pressurized hydraulic fluid is supplied to the cylinder and to either side of the piston to effect reciprocal movement of the piston, whereby axial movement of the ball nut is translated into rotary movement of the ball screw so as to rotate the valve body.

Abstract: A boat mooring system includes a track mounted to a piling. A carriage is mounted for movement within the track and an elongate rod is connected thereto. A mooring ring is mounted to the carriage or the rod. A float is mounted to the lower end of the rod so that when the entire assembly floats up and down with the tide the relationship between a boat moored thereto and the mooring ring is independent of the tide.

Abstract: In a personal recreational watercraft, an improvement resides in a suspension mechanism, which permits greater maneuverability and stability, and reduces driver fatigue. To overcome the strong forces, a suspension system is employed which permits up and down vertical movement, while resisting lateral movement and torsional forces. The suspension apparatus also reduces shock effects caused by choppy or rough water.

Abstract: A utility pipe displacement sensor comprises a protective housing and an indicator stick disposed in a vertical position within the housing. The indicator stick is capable of displacement within the housing and is maintained in its vertical position within the housing by the use of centralizing discs or nails. The sensor is arranged in such a manner that the lower ends of both the housing and the indicator stick are in communication with the outer surface of a buried utility pipe. Due to this arrangement, any displacement of the utility pipe is translated into a visually perceptible displacement of the indicator stick within the housing. Thus, any displacement of the utility pipe can be determined by determining the position of the indicator stick with respect to the housing.

Abstract: A gauge includes a transparent pointer driven through gears by a stepper motor offset from the pointer axis. An output gear on the pointer axis is transparent and has a first hub supporting the pointer and a second hub aligned with a lamp, so that light is passed through the output gear to the pointer. The first hub has retention pads molded onto its side. The pointer has a tubular sleeve with axial slots to allow expansion and has retention ribs which ride over the pads upon assembly and snap over the pads to secure the pointer in an axially fixed position. The sleeve also has tapered axial ribs which slide between the pads during assembly to angularly orient the pointer.

Abstract: A method of flat-packing an article of plastics foam, for example a pet bed including a cushion and a surrounding sidewall, comprises the steps of locating the article in an open-ended bag of a flexible, airtight material such as transparent polythene and/or nylon, compressing the article such that air is expelled from the article and from the bag through the open end of the bag, and such that the article is flattened to a fraction of its original thickness, for example 20% of its original thickness, and sealing the open end of the bag to retain the compressed article therein. The foam is preferably polyurethane that can recover to of the order of 95% of its original thickness even after prolonged compression of up to one year.

Abstract: An adjustable feeder includes a first arrangement which acts as a dry feeder and provides two vertical slides (31) each on a respective side of a hopper (22) which is simultaneously vertically adjustable by straps (41) at the ends of the hopper. In a second arrangement the same adjustment system is used with a shelf type feeder so that the shelf (60) can be adjusted between a lower position for small animals and a raised position for large animals and the slides (31) can move vertically to accommodate the change in height of the shelf (60) and to adjust the distance of the slides (31) from the shelf (60) to control the feed flow.

Abstract: An animal waterer having an animal alignment guide attached to the water supply line near the juncture of the terminal conduit and the nipple valve. The guide includes an interior portion attached to the water supply line and a pair of guide wings extending out on opposite lateral sides of the nipple valve about the same distance as the trigger of the nipple valve. The vertical position of the nipple valve is adjustable so that the nipple valve can be easily and quickly positioned at the most efficient drinking height for the size of animal being watered. One embodiment of the waterer includes a waterer fed by a flexible feed line, and supported by a chain to freely swing at an elevation of about two inches above the backs of the animals.

Abstract: A system for sensing and repelling an animal is disclosed. The system contains an infrared motion detector which detects any warm moving object. Once detection has occurred, a Radio Frequency (R.F.) pulse signal is transmitted by a radio transmitter/receiver to the involved area. If an animal such as a family pet is wearing a collar which contains a radio receiver/transmitter, the R.F. pulse signal is received by the receiver/transmitter in the collar and an R.F. pulse response signal is transmitted which is received by the transmitter/receiver in the system. If a signal is received, the repelling subsystems which is a flood light and a water spray is deactivated. If a signal is not received, the repelling subsystems are activated to scare the unwanted animal away. The system can also be used for sensing the presence of an animal since the R.F. unit is detachable and can be used as a stand alone unit.

Abstract: An animal restraint having two similar halves, each half having an arcuate shaped cage portion and a flat elongated base for reversible attachment thereto. Each cage portion includes generally parabolically shaped ribs of differing heights wherein the shortest rib is located at a distal end of the cage and the tallest rib is located medially. Each rib is attached, respectively, at each of its ends, to a base frame. A pair of arcuate strengthening members is attached to the base frame and, in turn to each one of the parabolic ribs. The strengthening members of one half of the cage ends medially in a sleeve for receiving its corresponding strengthening member on the other cage half, thereby reversibly joining the two cage halves. A pair of rectangular plates are reversibly held adjacent one another to form the elongated base which, in turn, is reversibly attached to the joined cage portions.

Abstract: A temperature responsive early warm-up device for a vehicle engine, includes an ignition key, an operating switch connected to the ignition switch, an operation releasing switch connected to the ignition key and the operating switch, and a lifting member for a water pump pulley operated by a driving motor for shortening the engine warm-up time so as to save time and fuel, reduce exhaust gas, and extend the lifetime of the vehicle engine.

Abstract: Hydrogen engine with controlled combustion comprises suction means connected to the crankcase reducing or precluding flow of lubricating oil or associated gases into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with an exhaust valve formed in the upper surface of the piston and driven by a valve stem connected to the engine crankshaft by an operating arm mounted parallel to the connecting rod and axially movable with respect thereto by means of a cam follower and rolling engagement with a cam on the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft. At least one exhaust tube is mounted in the cylinder and secured to the piston and more specifically to an exhaust chamber formed in the piston below the exhaust valve. The exhaust tube is a telescoping tube which extends from the piston to a wall of the engine block.

Abstract: Valve mechanism in an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve in each cylinder. For each cylinder there are at least two rocker arms journalled on a rocker arm shaft for operating a respective one of the valves. A transmission (15,17,18) selectively moves the exhaust valve (5) from a closed position toward an open position during the engine intake stroke to draw exhaust into the cylinder (30) during the intake stroke.

Abstract: A tappet for a switchable valve includes a switching device having a clutch member which can be displaced by a hydraulically acted-upon piston and by means of which the valve is switched off in a second switching position and is activated in a first switching position. In order to permit low-friction defined switching movements of the clutch member and the tappet, the clutch member is in each case locked by means of a respective locking device in its end positions assigned to one switching position respectively. The locking device is operative in the respective end position of the clutch member and can be unlocked by the valve stem.

Abstract: A variable valve lift device includes an outer cam; an inner cam having a base circle and a nose smaller than the base circle and the nose of the outer cam; at least one of an intake and exhaust valve opened and closed by being moved in the axial direction thereof, the valve being biased in the closing direction; an outer lifter biased in a direction which brings it into contact with the outer cam, the outer lifter being provided in an engine head; an inner lifter in abutting contact with an upper end face of the valve and having a groove in an outer periphery thereof; a plate slidable in a direction which perpendicularly intersects the axis of the valve, the plate moving together with the outer lifter; and control means for moving the plate in the direction which perpendicularly intersects the axis of the valve.

Abstract: An internal-combustion engine having an intake system comprises a chamber having an intake connection and individual suction pipes which are connected with a cylinder head and which lead into the individual cylinders. The interior of the chamber is connected to a pollutant reducing system which comprises at least one of the systems, such as a housing venting system, an auxiliary-air feeding system, a fuel vapor catch system and an exhaust gas return system. An intake pipe, which projects into the chamber of the intake system, which has a mouth opening approximately in a plane between two central individual suction pipes, is fastened to the intake connection, and a pipe connection, which connects the systems of the pollutant reducing system, leads into the interior of the chamber.

Abstract: An intake apparatus of an engine(13) wherein an intake section(12) into which air flows from air cleaner is provided within an intake manifold(11), and a partition wall(16) defining a short intake passage(17) and a long intake passage(18) separately is installed concentrically with a circular intake manifold casing(15) with respect to the intake section(12), between the intake manifold casing(15) and the intake section(12). An intake control valve(20) is switchably arranged between an upper end(16a) of the partition wall(16) and a bent portion(14a) of the intake manifold(11). At least two unit shafts are spaced apart from and connected with each other to form a shaft(23) to which the intake control valve(20) is fixed. A driving mechanism(31) for driving the intake control valve(20) comprises an actuator(32) energized by a solenoid valve(41), a rod(33) connected to the actuator(32) and a lever(35) rotatably connected at its one end to the rod(33) by means of a pin and secured at its other end to the shaft(23).

Abstract: A heat shield formed of composite layers of reflective metallic foil, heat insulating fibers and a non-electrically conducting sheet molding compound which are deformed to the general shape of an operating apparatus. The shield is then clamped about the operating apparatus in spaced relationship between the operating apparatus and a high temperature heat source to prevent heat radiation to the operating apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high compression ratio internal-combustion engine including a control valve which opens and closes a connection hole, between a pre-chamber and a main chamber, which pre-burns fuel and main chamber. The engine controls the fuel injection and the opening and closing of the control valve according to the rotation of the crank shaft and engine load. The connection hole is opened during the exhaust step or at the last period of compression stroke near top dead center and compressed hot air is forced into t he pre-chamber. The fuel is then mixed and burned by the hot air, but the fuel air mixture in the pre-chamber is so rich that the generation of NOX is controlled. Afterwards, the non-burned fuel and flame generated in pre-chamber is ejected to the main chamber, and fuel and hot air in the main chamber react. The engine of the present invention allows smooth engine operation even at a high compression ratio.

Abstract: An intake port of an engine cylinder is directed so as to introduce intake air flow into a combustion chamber in a desired direction. The intake port has a throat portion, extending upstream from a valve port and configured so as to meet the valve port at a given angle, and a transitional throat portion with a small radius of curvature between the throat portion and the valve port.

Abstract: A braking control for an engine having a combustion chamber, an exhaust valve movable between open and closed positions, and an electronically controlled fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber includes an actuator for engaging the exhaust valve and a control module for timing movement of the exhaust valve to the open position. The control module has an output terminal connected to first terminals of the actuator and the fuel injector and a pair of additional return terminals connected to second terminals of the actuator and fuel injector.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for a multi-valve internal combustion engine that includes an arrangement for controlling the fuel spray in response to engine load and speed. As a result, it is possible to obtain stratification under low-speed, low-load conditions and a homogeneous mixture under high-speed, high-load conditions.

Abstract: A simple and compact fuel supply system which prevents generation of fuel vapor in a delivery pipe of an engine includes a check valve is disposed at a down stream portion of a fuel pressure relieving member or a fuel pressure regulator to seal the fuel delivery pipe when the engine stops so that the pressure in the delivery pipe increases as fuel vapor is generated and, consequently, generation of the fuel vapor is automatically suppressed. Transmission of a pressure wave from the delivery pipe caused while injectors are operating is prevented by the check valve so that harsh noise, which is otherwise caused by resonant vibration of fuel supply pipes and related members, is suppressed.

Abstract: A high pressure fuel supply pump comprises a cylinder, the upper part of which is exposed to the outside of a head cover that is a part of the engine housing, and is fixed to the head cover by means of bolts, not shown. The remaining portion of the high pressure fuel supply pump is received in an accommodation hole of the head cover. A pump cam 111 is mounted to a valve camshaft for driving a suction/exhaust valve and drives the high pressure fuel supply pump. The use of an exclusive shaft for pump driving only, a bearing member therefor, and the like is rendered unnecessary, which enables a reduction in the number of parts employed. Further, since the timing with which the pressurized fuel is discharged is controlled through the operation of a solenoid valve, the precision with which fuel injection is controlled is improved.