Abstract: In order to determine the flow status of a surface moving through the fluid, it is proposed to mount flaps on that surface. Such flaps hinge from the one to the other position depending on the flow conditions. The position of such flaps can be rendered particularly readily visible if the one side of the flap has an appearance which differs from that of the other side of the flap and/or if the surface which is covered by the flap has an appearance in the one end position which differs from the appearance of the surface which is covered by the flap in the other end position. A different appearance can, for example, be realized by providing a differently colored, reflective or retroreflective surface or existing differences in transmission, fluorescence or phosphorescence or even coverage of an illuminated surface.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for detecting a fill level of a tank system utilizing a pressure source, a bridge divider arrangement and a pressure measuring device. The pressure source is adapted to generate a change of pressure in the tank system. The pressure divider arrangement has a reference measuring unit which can be charged with pressure by the pressure source. The reference measuring unit further includes at least one flow resistor of a predetermined size in at least one reference flow branch. For measuring the tightness, the pressure measuring device simultaneously detects the difference of the pressure in the tank system and of the pressure in the reference measuring unit. In the method, the time-dependent trace of the difference pressure during at least one of a pressure build-up operation and a pressure decay operation is continuously detected. A conclusion is then drawn as to the fill level from the time-dependent trace.

Abstract: An oil level detector mounting arrangement, which includes a mount having a downward tube dipped in the oil in the oil tank of a vehicle, a float floating in the oil in the oil tank and moved along the downward tube, and a circuit board sealed in the downward tube and carrying a plurality of solenoids at different elevations for acting with magnets at the float to indicate the elevation of the float in the oil tank, wherein the solenoids each have a first end inserted through a respective hole at the circuit board and then welded to a contact at the circuit board, and a second end inserted through a respective hole at the circuit board and then welded to a common springy wire conductor suspended from the circuit board.

Abstract: A pediatric biomechanics model provides accurate information regarding the types and magnitudes of forces that children can apply to products such as toys. The model is used to obtain measurements of the actual forces that children can generate, which permits product designers to design products that will not be easily broken by children. Based on these measurements, manufacturers can design their products to reduce the risk of injury a product may pose to a child as well as to keep the product from breaking.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine for machining workpieces, for example a milling machine or a lathe, including imbalance sensors (60) for determining the imbalance of a rotary element, i.e. the cutter head (40) or of the workpiece (10) to be worked on. The advancement of the workpiece (10) relative to the tool (40) is so corrected in dependence on signals of the imbalance sensors (60) that a possible imbalance deflection of the tool (40) can be compensated. Correspondingly, the tool feed can be so controlled in a lathe in dependence on the rotation angle position and the determined imbalance that balancing can be carried out during or directly after treatment of an imbalance.

Abstract: A vibration gyro sensor is constructed as follows. Namely, a detecting piezoelectric/electrostrictive element 12, which detects displacement generated in a direction perpendicular to a direction of vibration of a vibrator 2 when the vibrator is rotated, is provided on a detecting section. The detecting section is constructed by an integrated fired product made of ceramics together with the vibrator 2 and a support base 4. The detecting section is constructed by a first plate-shaped section 6 which is more thin-walled than the vibrator 2 and which has its principal surface extending in the direction of vibration. The piezoelectric/electrostrictive element 12 is formed in an integrated manner on the first plate-shaped section 6 in accordance with a film formation method.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus for sensing rotation comprising a housing, a resonator attached to the housing, a first set of electrodes consisting of one or more electrically-connected electrodes, and a second set of N electrodes. The resonator is a rotationally-symmetric, thin-walled object capable of vibrating in at least one of a plurality of standing-wave modes. The orientation of a standing wave with respect to a reference point on the resonator is specified by an orientation angle. The first set of electrodes are attached to either the resonator or the housing. The N electrodes of the second set are attached around the circumference of either (1) the housing if the first set of electrodes is attached to the resonator or (2) the resonator if the first set of electrodes is attached to the housing. The n'th electrode of the second set is attached at angular position .theta..sub.n with respect to the reference point on the resonator, opposing one or more of the second set of electrodes.

Abstract: A mass portion of a movable portion is supported by an anchor portion protruding from a substrate through a beam portion. A stopper portion fixed to the substrate through another anchor portion is disposed on a side opposite to the mass portion with respect to the beam portion to define a gap with the beam portion. The stopper portion is electrically connected to the beam portion through the anchor portions. Accordingly, the movable portion is restricted from being displaced in a direction generally parallel to a surface of the substrate, and a movable electrode of the movable portion is prevented from being attached to the fixed electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus (14) for locating a source of acoustic mission in an article (10) comprises a plurality of spaced transducers (18) which supply output signals corresponding to detected acoustic emission activity to a processor (24). Artificially induced acoustic emissions (12) are generated in the article (10) by directing a laser beam (33) onto the article (10). A camera (40) produces an image of the article (10) and any laser flashes. A processor (42) converts the positions of the laser flashes to coordinates on the article (10). A processor (24) analyses parameters of the acoustic emission in the output signals and the coordinates of the laser flashes to infer the mathematical relationship between the parameters and location of acoustic emissions.

Abstract: In an ultrasonic detecting method for a bearing ring in which a bearing ring 2 and an ultrasonic detection probe 3 are disposed within ultrasonic transmission medium such as water, then ultrasonic wave is transmitted from the ultrasonic detection probe 3 to the bearing ring 2, and a defect of the bearing ring 2 is detected on the basis of an ultrasonic wave echo reflected from the bearing ring 2, wherein at least a defect in a range from the surface of the bearing ring 2 to a position beneath by 2 mm from the surface of the bearing ring which is deeper than a maximum shearing stress position of the bearing ring 2 is detected by an angle beam method with an incident angle in a range of 10 to 30.degree., preferably in a range of 25 to 30.degree., and a defect in a range deeper than the range detected by the angle beam method is detected by a normal beam method with an incident angle in a range of 0 to 10.degree., preferably in a range of 0 to 5.degree.

Abstract: A damaged turbine rotor wheel dovetail is repaired by cutting off the annular dovetail and welding a new forged ring onto the remaining wheel body. Fine-line welding is accomplished by inserting welding apparatus into grooves opening through axial faces of the wheel body and ring and rotating the rotor to provide multiple welding passes. Periodic ultrasonic inspection of the welds is provided by applying an ultrasonic transducer to the periphery of the ring to detect defects in the weld. To enable the transducer to operate at high welding temperatures, a manifold is disposed about the transducer defining a coolant cavity. Cooling medium is supplied the coolant cavity to maintain the transducer operable within predetermined temperature operating limits.

Abstract: In a method for monitoring the condition of a mechanical seal in an apparatus provided with a rotating part, in particular in a pump which has a rotating shaft for the forwarding of a fluid, the sound emission of the seal is continually measured at discrete times in the operating state of the apparatus and at least one statistical characteristic value is won from the acoustic signals. The analog acoustic signals are converted prior to the determination of the statistical characteristic value into analog demodulated signals, the maximum frequency of which is less than about 50 kHz.

Abstract: A measurement system utilizes a sensor formed in a semiconductor on insulator structure that has an offset related to the time that power is applied. A controller applies power, obtains readings and removes power so as to minimize any effect of the offset.

Abstract: A method of measuring dynamic air pressure on a ground surface beneath a negative air system which is comprised of a rotatable negative air pressure element with a deck unit having a top with side walls and an open bottom involves placing the system on an elevated horizontal platform located in spaced relation to the deck. The system is then made operative. Measurements are then made of the air pressure at a plurality of locations adjacent the platform to determine if the air pressure at such locations is such that predetermined values are met. The apparatus for performing the aforesaid method has a horizontal platform with a plurality of apertures therein. The platform is adapted to support the negative air system. A plurality of air pressure sensors are mounted in spaced locations on the platform and are located in the lower end of hollow extending tubular pressure taps.

Abstract: A method of detecting corrosion on an elongate member, such as a pipe. Far side and near side electric pulses (waves) are transmitted into a magnetically permeable pipe at spaced locations to travel toward one another. These are synchronized to intersect at various locations on the pipe. The resulting wave forms are analyzed by combining adjacent wave forms resulting from pulses intersection at spaced locations. Two combined wave forms are analyzed by subtracting one from the other to produce a difference wave form and the difference wave forms are compared to detect corrosion.

Abstract: The invention relates to annular acoustic transducers formed by a set of piezoelectric segments placed under prestress.It consists in grouping these segments (101) into a set of sectors (102) which are separated by tightening wedges (109). The set is placed in a shaper annulus (108). The keys are drawn towards the center by screws (111), thus thrusting the sectors against the shaper annulus and prestressing the segments. The strain gauges (107) make it possible to check the stress obtained in order to adjust it to the desired value while minimizing the scatter between the sectors.It makes it possible to manufacture dismantleable low-frequency high-power acoustic transducers.

Abstract: A signal transducer mounts to a straight tube to measure the flow velocity of fluid flowing therein. The transducer operates at a frequency above cut-off allowing multiple modes to exist, and is mounted with a wedge of material having a sound speed less than the sound speed of the fluid, coupled to the conduit, and angled to launch a signal into the fluid at an acceptance angle that sends the lowest order mode acoustic signal axially through the fluid. Extraneous modes present at generally lesser magnitude convert to the desired mode, resulting in propagation of a coherent burst that is readily detected by a receiving transducer located further along the conduit. The wedge may be formed of hard plastic such as an acrylic, PVC or PEI having a shear wave velocity less than 1400 meters per second, and the launch geometry results in the attenuation, mode conversion or cancellation of higher mode signal energy components.

Abstract: An ultrasonic flow meter includes a conduit through which a fluid flows, an ultrasonic generator, a receiver for receiving ultrasonic waves on the upstream or downstream side of the generator, a time counter for determining the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave, a flow rate calculator for calculating the flow rate from the propagation time, and a timing controller. The timing controller sets a delay time corresponding to the flow rate measured from the relation between a flow rate which is set in advance, and the measured delay time. After the passage of this delay time the ultrasonic wave is emitted from the generator on the basis of a driving signal outputted from a trigger section and the flow rate is determined. Since the flow rate is thus measured with the delay time suitable for the flow rate, the flow rate is correctly determined, and power consumption is reduced.

Abstract: A turbine meter used for measuring the volume of fluid flowing through a conduit includes an elongated housing having an upstream end and a downstream end and a rotor mounted within the housing. A plurality of turbine blades are mounted on the rotor at an angle with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor which causes each of the rotor blades to have a high pressure surface which faces toward the upstream end of the housing. Each of the rotor blades also has a trailing edge closest to the downstream end of the housing. An extension is included at approximately the trailing edge on the high pressure surface of at least one and preferably a plurality of the rotor blades. The extension has a length and forms an angle with respect to the high pressure surface of the rotor blade on which it is mounted which causes the percentage of error of the accuracy of the meter across a chosen operating range of the meter to be within predetermined limits.

Abstract: A piezoelectric load sensor includes a plurality of upper piezoelectric elements interposed between upper and intermediate conductors and arranged in a row. A plurality of lower piezoelectric elements are interposed between lower and intermediate conductors and arranged in a row. The upper piezoelectric elements have their piezoelectric constants set so that they gradually decrease from the piezoelectric element located at one end in a direction of arrangement of the upper piezoelectric elements toward the piezoelectric element located at the other end in the direction of arrangement. The lower piezoelectric elements have their piezoelectric constants set so that they gradually increase from the piezoelectric element located at one end in a direction of arrangement of the lower piezoelectric elements toward the piezoelectric element located at the other end in the direction of arrangement.

Abstract: An apparatus for retaining a spindle motor during an outgassing test includes a body formed from an inert material and having an interior chamber for receiving a base of the spindle motor. Fasteners secure the spindle motor to the body to seal the interior chamber and prevent the spindle motor base from outgassing any compounds during the outgassing test. An electrical pad attached within the interior chamber contacts an electrical connector on the base of the spindle motor. An electrical wire attaches the electrical pad to a combination power source and motor controller for operating the spindle motor. The body and the attached spindle motor are placed within a test container and the electrical wire is passed through both the body and the test container for attachment to the power source and motor controller. The electrical wire includes an inert coating to prevent the electrical wire from impacting the results of the outgassing test.

Abstract: A non-flashing fluid sampler for use in obtaining a well fluid sample. The sampler comprises a body defining a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a sampling port therein. The sampling port is in communication with the first chamber and with an outside zone outside the body. The second and third chambers are initially isolated from one another by a control valve. Upon activating the control valve, fluid may flow from the second chamber to the third chamber through a flow restriction. An extendable floating piston is disposed between the first and second chambers, and the floating piston defines a variable volume therein. An initial amount of well fluid flows into the variable volume, thus trapping dirty fluid, and subsequently, a well fluid sample is flowed into the first chamber. An isolation valve is provided for allowing hydrostatic pressure into the sampler after the fluid sample has been taken.

Abstract: Determining a characteristic or characteristics of a particular material such as the type, constitution, surface characteristics, or general flowability of the material. The material flows through a measuring cell (1) of constant volume so as to maintain a substantially constant volume of flowing material in the measuring cell. The weight of material in the measuring cell is continuously monitored and oscillations in the weight of the contents of the measuring cell as the material flows through the measuring cell are compared with stored comparative information to determine the material.

Abstract: A system for determining the number of boards within a stack of boards, each board having a characteristic configuration, is provided. The system includes an imaging device attached to a moveable carriage, the imaging device being actuated to move to image the stack of boards and a processing unit, coupled to the imaging device, for identifying the characteristic configuration of each of the stack of boards from the scanned images.

Abstract: An arrangement determines the height of a multilayer stream of articles such as the rod-shaped cigarettes of the tobacco industry. The arrangement includes a flexible elongate member connected to move up and down with the uppermost articles in the multilayer stream as the height thereof varies. The flexible elongate member has a first end fixed in place and an opposite end connected to a weight which moves in a vertical direction as the flexible elongate member moves up and down in response to the height of the multilayer stream of articles. The flexible elongate member is trained around an idler roller, and a sensor is spaced directly below the weight for determining the elevation thereof. Such elevation is directly related to the height of the multilayer stream of articles.

Abstract: A mount construction of a wear detection probe for a brake pad is provided which is capable of absorbing an image caused by a contact of the wear detection probe with a rotor. Coil springs 42 are mounted on bolts 41 used to mount a bracket 30 on a support base 12, and the bracket 30 is held in close contact with the support base 12 by biasing forces thereof. When the probe 20 is brought into contact with a rotor upon the application of braking, the coil springs 42 are compressively deformed, thereby absorbing an impact caused by a contact of the rotor 10 and the probe 20. The mount construction of the probe 20 has an enhanced reliability by absorbing the impact on the probe 20.

Abstract: A method for selecting between first and second manual shift modes for an automatic transmission is provided. The method includes the steps of providing a gear shift lever with first and second manual positions, placing the gear shift lever in a first manual position, and subsequently placing the gear shift lever in a second position. The method further includes the steps of selecting the first manual shift mode if the gear shift lever remains in the second position for a predetermined time period, cycling between the second and first manual positions while the gear shift lever remains in the second position, and setting a current manual mode equal to a last one of the first and second manual mode prior to the gear shift lever being released.

Abstract: A gear system characterized by providing at least one gear-wheel (58a) about a shaft (34), the shaft (34) having as least one pawl member (84) located therein, the or each pawl member (84) being caused to move into and out of engagement with a gear-wheel (48a) normally rotating freely with respect to the shaft (34) passing therethrough by the positioning of a roving magnet (48) withing the shaft, the engagement of the pawl member (84) with the gear-wheel (48a) thereby causing that gear-wheel (48a) to rotate with the shaft (34).

Abstract: A sealed-type wave gear device 1 has a sealed space 13 formed by a device housing 2, first and second end plates 3 and 4 placed in openings at both the ends thereof, a hollow Input shaft 5, and first to fourth seals (8, 9, 11, 12) for sealing these members. A flat wave gear mechanism 20 is accommodated in the sealed space 13, which comprises a rigid internal gear 210, a silk-hat-shaped flexible external gear 220 inside the rigid internal gear 210, and a wave generator 230 fixed inside the flexible external gear 220. A lubricant in the wave gear mechanism 20 is completely prevented from leaking outside. Only the device housing 2, the first and second end plates 3 and 4, and both the ends of the input shaft 5 which are exposed outside need to be protected from rusting. The wave gear device 1 is suitable for being used as a speed reduction unit of a driving mechanism employed in a clean room.

Abstract: A change-speed gearbox of a motor vehicle includes a shifting element moveable within a plurality of shift gates for engaging and disengaging a selected gear. A gearshift member cooperates with the gear shifting element. The gearshift member is movable to perform a rotary shift movement and a linear shift movement. A shift device for the gearbox includes a motor having a shaft extending therefrom rotatable about an axis. The gearshift member is axially slidably supported by the motor shaft and rotatably engaged therewith. A solenoid is engaged with the gearshift member for slidably axially moving the gearshift member into a plurality of positions corresponding with the shift gates.

Abstract: A stopper includes a frame (51) fixed to a mount base (1) of an industrial robot, a retaining shaft (52) which is fixed to the frame (51) in an upright position in relation to the plane of rotation of the turning base (2), a rod-shaped engagement lever (53) which is supported so as to be able to turn around the retaining shaft (52), a spring (57) for returning the engagement lever (53) to a position where it faces the center of the turning base (2), stoppers (59A, 59B) provided on both inner surfaces of the frame (51) which face the engagement lever (53), and an engagement dog (7) which is fixed to the turning base (2) and is capable of engaging the engagement lever (53). It is possible to provide a stopper for use with an industrial robot which permits setting of the operating angle of the turning base to a value of 360.degree. or more and which ensures a wide range of operation.

Abstract: A control lever assembly for generating an electrical signal representative of the position of a linearly-moveable control lever which extends through an elongated passage in a console cover includes a control lever guide rotatably mounted to a bracket beneath the console cover. An arm projecting above the console cover is provided for moving the guide between rotational positions. The guide has an opening with slots of predetermined length associated with the rotational positions which define ranges of linear movement of the control lever. The movement of the control lever causes a sensing circuit to generate the electrical signal representative of the position of the control lever. The assembly also includes a switch actuated by a cam on an end of the guide depending upon the rotational position of the guide. The assembly also includes detent mechanisms for releasably retaining the control lever and the guide in various detent positions.

Abstract: A steering wheel includes a ring portion to be gripped during steering. The ring portion includes a core, a core coating layer coating the core, and a decorative layer arranged at a portion of the surface of the core coating layer. The decorative layer has a printed layer and a transparent protective coating layer. The printed layer is formed by hydraulic transfer and is arranged to cover surface portions of the core coating layer. The transparent protective coating layer covers the surface of the printed layer so as to protect the printed layer. The ring portion further includes a skin arranged at the remaining surface portions of the surface of the core coating layer and a level difference portion for folding therein the end portions of the skin arranged between the portion and the remainder of the surface of the core coating layer. The smooth decorative layer can be easily formed on the surface of the ring portion in this manner.

Abstract: An actuation device for a lock of a multi-point safety belt to be placed in a position of use against a body of a user of the safety belt includes a rotatable cup-shaped locking head, wherein at least one recess in provided in the circumference of the locking head in a downwardly directed circumferential portion in the position of use of the locking head, and wherein the recess in configured as a finger recess. The locking head further may include a circumferential portion located diametrically opposite the finger recess and facing upwardly in the position of use, wherein the at least flattened finger depression has a radius greater than the radius of the finger recess.

Abstract: A self-compensating dynamic balancer restricts vibrations of moving members by regulating movements of the moving members when a main body does not rotate or rotates at a low speed below the natural frequency. The self-compensating dynamic balancer, coupled to a rotating body, includes a main body having a circular race formed around a rotation shaft of the rotating body. A magnet is inserted around the outer circumference of the inner wall of the race. Moving members, which have a plurality of non-magnetic rigid bodies and a plurality of magnetic rigid bodies, are movably disposed in the race. Each of the magnetic rigid bodies is disposed between the non-magnetic rigid bodies. A cover member is coupled to the main body to cover the race. Thus, since mutual magnetic effects between the moving members are removed, the internal vibrations generated due to an eccentric center of mass of the rotating body can be restricted.

Abstract: In an air breather structure in a transmission, a partition wall 2 defining an air breather chamber S extends substantially vertically downward in a curved configuration at a distance from a corner portion 1a of a transmission case to increase volume of the air breather chamber S. An oil entrance 4 is formed in an upper portion of the partition wall 2. An oil exit 5 wider than the oil entrance 4 is formed in a lower end portion of the partition wall 2 for discharging oil which enters the air breather chamber S. The oil exit 5 is formed between a lower end of the partition wall 2 and an oil-returning rib 6 projecting from the transmission case for preventing the oil from flowing upward into the air breather chamber S. With this construction, the air breather structure becomes free from "blow of oil".

Abstract: A saw blade is stamped with a circumferential edge. At least one gullet and shoulder are formed in the circumferential edge. Likewise, a tooth pocket is formed in the circumferential edge. The tooth pocket is defined by a wall, generally radial to circle, on the shoulder, and a shelf substantially perpendicular to the wall. A tooth is secured, ordinarily by brazing, in the pocket such that a portion of the shelf extends beyond the front face of the tooth towards the gullet so that the tooth can be brazed along its entire lateral edge such that resultant forces in the tooth are transmitted to the body of the blade. After the tooth is positioned into the tooth pocket, the tooth, as well as a projection of the blade shoulder, are ground off so that the tooth and shoulder are flush with one another. Thus, the tooth longitudinal edge is in complete contact with the shoulder wall maximizing its strength.

Abstract: An improved injection apparatus is disclosed comprised of a first motor and a second motor, each motor having a shaft. First and second needles are located substantially perpendicular to the first and second shafts, respectively. When the first and second shafts rotate, the first and second needles, respectively, move up and down. The first and second shaft rotate in opposite directions. The first needle and second needles can be surrounded by first and second needle tubes, respectively. The first and second needle tubes can be mounted to a device housing. The first and second needles each preferably has a portion that lies inside its needle tube and a portion that lies outside its needle tube. First and second sources of liquid and first and second conveying tubes are provided. The first and second conveying tubes are connected to the first and second needles, preferably at a side arm inside the respective needle tubes. The first and second needles are preferably hollow.

Abstract: A motorized wrench for spinning together (or apart) lengths of drill pipe as typically used in water well drilling. A single motor is connected by a pair of drive chains to two toothed drive rollers to spin the rollers and, thus, spin drill pipe engaged against them. The pipe is so engaged by means of a smooth idler roller within a pivot arm driven open or closed by an air ram. The invention is typically supported via light wire cable from a drill rig mast and when so supported is fast and easy to place, operate, and remove. The preferred configuration of the device operates on hydraulic power and compressed air, both of which are normally present on drill rigs.

Abstract: A power tool holding assembly includes a first direction guiding unit that has a piston-cylinder construction and a linear movement guiding unit that includes a ball spline and is connected via ball bearings to a piston rod of the piston-cylinder construction so as to be freely rotatable. A power tool is mounted onto one end of the spline shaft of the linear movement guiding unit. A space inside the cylinder of the piston-cylinder construction below the piston is connected via a hose coupling and hose to an air compressor that fills the space with compressed air. The air pressure of the compressed air fed into the space is regulated by a pressure regulating valve provided on the hose and so is maintained at a value that keeps the rod stationary.

Abstract: A wrench having a floating pawl in a non-circular opening in the head of the wrench. The pawl has alternate positions for forward and reverse movement of the wrench. A reversing lever selectively moves an actuator to alternately engage one or the other leg of a spring within the wrench. Movement of the selected leg resiliently engages the pawl to move the pawl into the forward or reverse position. The pawl translates and rocks within the pawl opening when the wrench is ratcheted to minimize back swing arc.

Abstract: A hand tool for enabling a mechanic to manually rotate a diesel engine, said tool comprising an elongated generally L-shaped handle having a flange located at the lower end thereof and having toothed wheel secured to said handle at a point spaced from said flange a distance such that when said flange is inserted into the recess of a diesel engine damper, said toothed wheel will rest on the outer surface of said damper and, when said tool is rotated, said flange and said wheel will clamp said damper therebetween to enable the mechanic to manually rotate said damper and said engine.

Abstract: An auto-adjusting plier includes a first elongate member having a fixed jaw at one end, first elongate handle at the other end and a first neck portion. A second elongate handle has one end pivotally connected on the fixed jaw for pivotal movements. A second elongate member has a movable jaw at one end arranged in substantial opposition to the fixed jaw and another end mounted on the second elongate handle. An elongate link has one end pivotally mounted on a second neck portion of the second elongate member and the other end mounted for both pivotal and linear movements on the first elongate handle. Slots or channels are provided on the first neck portion for selectively guiding a stop pin mounted on the second neck portion and for selectively guiding the other end of the link generally linearly along a first predetermined length of the first handle. A third guide slot selectively guides the other end of the second elongate member generally linearly along a second predetermined length of said second handle.

Abstract: A method of cutting hardened steel using a cBN sintered tool which can improve the surface roughness while maintaining high dimensional accuracy. The upper limit of the tool feed rate is set at such a value that a theoretical surface roughness calculated from the feed rate is between 2/3 and 1/1000 of the target surface roughness. The amount of change of the feed rate between the upper and lower limits of the tool feed rate is set to be between 0.002 and 0.05 mm/rev, and the amount of every feed rate change is set not to be equal to the original feed rate multiplied by an integer. The feed rate is changed forcibly for every number of workpieces for which the total cutting length is between 10 and 1000 meters.

Abstract: The portable lathe 10 for turning a shaft at a job site in the field includes a pair of clamping rings 12 and 14 that are adapted to be centered at spaced-apart locations along a length of a shaft to be refurbished. Extending between the clamping rings are a plurality of glide shafts 40, 42, 56, 58 which slidingly support a split-ring clamshell assembly 68. A cutting tool carrier 100 is affixed to the rotatable ring portion 74 of the clamshell assembly so that when the movable ring is driven, the tool carrier orbits the shaft being refurbished. A feed screw 98 driven by a servo motor 92 translates the clamshell assembly along the glide shafts.

Abstract: A finisher provided with a punching unit which punches a sheet. The punching unit has five punching rods, a drive shaft which rotates to drive the punching rods, five pairs of circular cam and eccentric cam which are fitted around the drive shaft and a switching board which moves the drive shaft in its axial direction reciprocally at a specified pitch. With a one-pitch movement of the drive shaft in its axial direction, three of the five punching rods (in a three-hole mode) or two of the five (in a two-hole mode) come into contact with the respective eccentric cams, and the three rods or the two rods are moved to make three holes or two holes in a sheet. The selection between the three-hole mode and the two-hole mode is automatically carried out in accordance with the sheet size.

Abstract: This invention concerns a saw blade (S) including at least one part with fine teeth (6) and at least one part with grouped teeth (7). The part of the blade with grouped teeth (7) includes a number of groups (4) of, for example, V-shaped indentations (10) in the blade (S), each pair of indentations defining a saw tooth (1). Each group (4) comprises an even number of indentations. In an arbitrary group (e.g. indentations one, three, five, etc.) a first imaginary line A), drawn between alternate tips (11) or base, is a straight line which forms a small angle (a) in relation to the longitudinal direction of the saw blade, the tips or bases being evenly distributed along the line. The invention also concerns a method and a device for producing a saw blade with grouped teeth by means of a tool comprising a punch and a punch die. The punch for cutting out the saw teeth is completely symmetrical and has substantially V-shaped tips. A saw blade blank is fed through the tool and cut in at least two stages.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting tie bars of semiconductor packages unloads the semiconductor packages by continuously blowing air against the side of the packages after the tie bars are cut and the semiconductor packages are separated from lead frames. The packages are blown into a guide track which feeds into a storage tube. As a result, damage to the packages due to mechanical abrasion which may result from unloading with a pusher bar is prevented. Furthermore, the time required for unloading the semiconductor packages is reduced.

Abstract: A cross cutter for web stock, in particular for a corrugated cardboard web, has tube-shaped cutter cylinders (4, 5) formed of a composite fiber material which are rotatably mounted in pairs above each other in a machine frame (2, 3). Cutter holders (15) for cutters (16) are fastened on the cutter cylinders, which are disposed along the circumference of each cutter cylinder extending diagonally. Counterweights (17) are located on the cutter cylinders opposite the cutter holders. The cutter cylinders mesh with each other via gear wheels (10), by which the cutter cylinders can be driven. The cutter cylinders (4, 5), the cutter holders (15) and the counterweights (17) are made of a composite fiber material with a heat expansion coefficient near or equal to 0 mm/K. The bearings (7) at both ends of the cutter cylinders are fixed bearings.

Abstract: A punching mechanism has a plurality of predetermined standby positions where the punching mechanism is previously moved by move means and stands by based on size information in the width direction of a sheet material and punching execution information as to whether the sheet material is to be punched. The standby position corresponding to a sheet material of the maximum width that can be punched by the punching mechanism and the standby position applied when punching is not executed are set to substantially the same position.