Abstract: Phthalocyanine compounds of Formula (1) have utility as colorants in inks for ink-jet printing, where Formula (1) represents: which includes all IJP-effective forms of such compounds; and in which: M represents a metal or H; A represents C1 4alkylene; Pc represents a phthalocyanine nucleus of Formula (2): D represents NR4R5 or SC1-4alkyleneSO3H; R1, R2 and R3each independently represents H or C1-4-alkyl; R4 represents H,; or C1-4-alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy; R5 represents C1-4alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy and/or morpholino; or R4 and R5 together with the N atom to which they are attached form a morpholino ring; and x+y+z represents an average of from 3 to 4.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a dye mixture comprising one or more, such as one, two or three, disazo dyes conforming to the general formula (1), one or more, such as one, two or three, dyes.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device fabrication method has a main processing line and a sub-processing line. The main processing line includes a plurality of main batch processing sections, each of which processes a plurality of main objects at a time, and a plurality of main sequential processing sections, each of which processes a minimum number of main objects at a time. The main processing line feeds the main objects to the main batch processing sections and the main sequential processing sections for predetermined processing. The sub-processing line includes a plurality of sub-processing sections, each of which performs processing identical with that of a corresponding main batch processing section on a minimum number of sub-objects and certain of the main sequential processing sections. The sub-processing line feeds the sub-objects to the sub-processing sections and the main sequential processing sections for predetermined processing.

Abstract: A memory bar for use in high density memory modules. A memory bar comprises a substrate that provides a mounting for at least two IC chips, such that the substrate and associated IC chips may be mounted, for example, on one side of a memory module.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to methods of preparing prismatic cells which comprise the steps of winding lithium metal anode, separator, and cathode layers on a rounded mandrel having a large circumference relative to the external dimensions of the prismatic cell stack and of compressing the multilayer rounded cell stack into a prismatic shape and then filling the prismatic subassembly with electrolyte to form a prismatic ell stack, or alternatively of winding into such a rounded cell stack and filling with electrolyte and then compressing into a prismatic cell stack, prior to enclosing the prismatic cell stack in a barrier material film and sealing to form the casing of the prismatic cell. The present invention also pertains to electric current producing cells prepared according to such methods.

Abstract: A splash-blendable, solubilized diesel fuel composition includes a diesel fuel, ethanol, a stabilizing additive and, optionally, an alkyl ester of a fatty acid and/or a co-solvent. The stabilizing additive is either a mixture of fatty acid alcohols, a polymeric material, or a combination of the mixture and the polymeric material.

Abstract: The present invention is, in one aspect, a process for removing low-valent sulfur from carbon containing such low-valent sulfur (sulfur-containing carbon), having the step of contacting the sulfur-containing carbon with a platinum oxide in an aqueous environment, for a time sufficient to remove a desired amount of low-valent sulfur from the sulfur-containing carbon, especially from the surface of the carbon. Another aspect of the invention is an electrode, comprising an electrocatalyst or active material for a fuel cell or battery, disposed in a carbon matrix, where the carbon matrix is essentially free of low-valent sulfur adjacent to the active material of the battery electrode or electrocatalyst of the fuel cell electrode. Such an electrode will be suitable for use in a fuel cell or in a battery. Another aspect of the invention is a fuel cell or a battery using this electrode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating wastes by gasification recovers useful resources including energy, valuables such as metals, and gases for use as synthesis gas for chemical industries or fuel. The wastes are gasified in a fluidized-bed reactor at a relatively low temperature. Gaseous material and char produced in the fluidized-bed reactor are introduced into a high-temperature combustor, and low calorific gas or medium calorific gas is produced in the high-temperature combustor at a relatively high temperature. The fluidized-bed reactor preferably is a revolving flow-type fluidized-bed reactor. The high-temperature combustor preferably is a swirling-type high-temperature combustor.

Abstract: An efficient method for producing a hydrogen-containing gas for a fuel cell by using a gas produced by reforming reaction of an organic compound is disclosed. The method comprises the following steps: adding an oxygen-containing gas to a hydrogen-containing gas containing carbon monoxide to form a mixed gas, and bringing the mixed gas into contact with a catalyst comprising a ruthenium metal as a main component and having a carbon monoxide adsorption of not less than 1 mmol/g-ruthenium and a carbon monoxide adsorption index of not less than 0.5, to thereby oxidize and remove carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A clean room filter array comprising a plurality of individual filter units arranged for delivery of filtered air to a clean room is supported by an individual suspension assembly comprising a fastener pin at outturned flanges of each filter unit that is unshared with any other filter unit so that the filter unit of a frame and fixed filter media is shiftable to and from the array independently of shifting the position or orientation of the other filter units or altering their respective suspension assemblies.

Abstract: A filter pack includes a filter construction and a sealing system for sealing the construction within a duct or housing. The filter construction has first and second opposite flow faces and is configured for a straight-through flow. The sealing system includes a frame construction and a compressible seal member. The compressible seal member is molded around a portion of the frame construction. The compressible seal member is sufficiently compressible to form a radial seal between and against the frame construction and a surface of a housing when the filter pack is inserted within the housing.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of recovering a gate-level netlist from a transistor-level netlist by functionally describing each gate to be recovered using a first transistor model; generating a signature for each gate to be recovered; receiving the transistor-level netlist; selecting a set of connected components from the transistor-level netlist; functionally describing the set of connected components using the first transistor model; generating a signature for the set of connected components; comparing the signature of the set of connected components to the signature of each gate to be recovered; if the signature of the set of connected components matches a signature of a to be recovered then determining if the corresponding functional descriptions match; if a match occurs then functionally describing the set of connected components using a second transistor model; comparing the functional descriptions generated for the set of connected components using the first and second transistor models; identifyi

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method for determination and control of the amount of nitrogen dissolved in metallic liquid phases and to a device permitting, when placed in the steel producing plant and for instance in the tundish or in the continuous casting mold, the determination of nitrogen content directly from the liquid phase. Such a device can point out possible nitrogen pick-up in real-time, thus permitting to immediately intervene.

Abstract: A method for vacuum decarburization refining of a molten steel includes providing a vacuum tank having a one-legged, straight barrel snorkel as a lower portion of the vacuum tank. The a degree of vacuum in the vacuum tank is regulated at a high carbon concentration region to a value in a range of −35 to −20 in terms of G defined by the following equation (1): G=5.96×10−3×T×ln(P/Pco)  (1), wherein Pco=760{10(−13800/T+8.75)}×(% C)/(% Cr)  (2), and wherein P<760, T represents molten steel temperature, K, and P represents the degree of vacuum in the vacuum tank, Torr.

Abstract: An ozone-oxygen gas stream is introduced into feed side of a membrane separation unit containing an elastomeric polymer membrane. Ozone-enriched gas passes through the membrane to a permeate zone and is contacted with an ozone-reactive substance-containing gas stream in the permeate zone, thereby oxidizing the substances or is removed from the permeate zone. Removal of the ozone-enriched gas from the permeate zone may be effected by purging the permeate zone with an inert gas and/or evacuating the permeate zone. Ozone-enriched gas removed from the permeate zone may be mixed with a liquid or gas stream which contains ozone-reactive substances in, for example, a venturi device, thereby oxidizing the substances.

Abstract: An air filter for effectively filtering bacteria, fungi and viruses from the air. The air filter comprising of a carrier substrate impregnated with iodine resins effectively immobilizes and attenuates bacteria, fungi and viruses contained in passing air. The air filter may be employed in combination with a multi-layered air filter to provide a filter which effectively purifies passing air of a variety of contaminants. The air filter provides a safe and effective method for the removal of bacteria, fungi and viruses from the air.

Abstract: Improved mist eliminator for use in pulp washers and the like, and method of use of such is disclosed. A cyclonic gas/liquid separator for a gas/liquid mixture flowing vertically upward therethrough includes a cylindrical housing, a top wall having a gas outlet, a gas/liquid inlet, and a cyclonic-flow-inducing vane assembly spanning the inlet. The improvement includes an annular wall transverse to the vane assembly positioned between the vane assembly and the housing. The annular wall, in combination with the vane assembly and housing, defines an annular volume wherein separated liquid may drain downwardly toward the annular wall substantially without resistance from the gas/liquid flow. A drain carries the separated liquid directly to a liquid reservoir.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and device for simply, efficiently and effectively reducing or eliminating décor damaging fragrant candle emissions while permitting the fragrance to pass into a room by depositing the décor damaging emissions on the interior surface of a channel containing a filter.

Abstract: An air and water purifying device includes a housing having an annular space containing a suitable adsorbent or desiccant material. The housing includes an inner wall forming an axial passage and an outer wall and end caps closing the annular space. The inner and outer walls include a plurality of slots extending in a circumferential direction to allow the flow of water or air through the annular space in a radial direction. The end caps of the housing include a central opening aligned with the axial passage to allow the flow of air or water through the housing. The container enclosing the adsorbent can be supported in a housing to support the container and face the outer wall of the container from the walls of the housing to allow the flow of air around the container. The housing preferably includes at least one permeable wall to allow air to flow into the housing.

Abstract: A multi-chamber canister for a pressure swing absorption system within a general housing assembly. The chambers include a first molecular sieve chamber for receiving a first molecular sieve for separating air from the ambient environment into a concentrated gas and at least a second molecular sieve chamber disposed within the housing assembly for receiving a second molecular sieve for separating air from the ambient environment into a concentrated gas component. Furthermore, a supply chamber is disposed within the housing for receiving air from the ambient environment and for communicating air to either first or second molecular sieve chambers.

Abstract: An air filter cleanness gauge is provided. The gauge in a preferred embodiment includes a transparent cover. The housing has a first opening for fluid communication with the atmosphere and a second opening having fluid communication with a fluid source exposed to a filter. A vane is pivotally connected within the housing and provides a pressure boundary between the first and second openings. Movement of the vane indicates a change in pressure differential between the atmosphere and the fluid source, thereby indicating a need to change the air filter.

Abstract: A polishing composition for polishing a memory hard disk, which comprises water and at least one abrasive selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon nitride and manganese dioxide and which further contains an iron chelate complex dissolved in the composition, the iron chelate complex having a nitrogen-containing compound as a ligand, and the pH of the entire composition being from 6 to 10.

Abstract: Provided is a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion ink for stencil printing which is less in change of viscosity with time and can give always stable prints. The emulsion ink contains a resinous component having a free carboxylic acid group or a higher fatty acid in the oil phase, and contains a divalent or trivalent metal salt and a monovalent metal salt having alkalinity in the water phase, whereby an interfacial layer of the emulsion is strengthened to stabilize the emulsion. The resinous component is preferably an alkyd resin, a rosin-modified phenolic resin, a maleic acid resin and a rosin. The monovalent metal salt or the divalent or trivalent metal salt is preferably contained in at least an amount equivalent to the free carboxylic acid of the resinous component and the higher fatty acid contained in the oil phase. The resinous component or the higher fatty acid is contained in an amount of 0.5-30% by weight based on the total amount of the emulsion ink.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the development of a highly safe high-chroma orange pearl pigment replacing a cadmium pigment, in which a flaky substrate has surfaces coated with spherical metal oxide particles containing iron oxide, or spherical metal oxide particles obtained by adding thereto a specific proportion of one or more oxides selected from among aluminum, calcium and magnesium oxides, and a process for manufacturing the same, and uses thereof.

Abstract: A glue for splicing photographic films that comprises: 0.5 to 4% nitrocellulose, 5 to 25% of alkanol, 5 to 20% lower alkyl acetate, 20 to 80% ketone, and 4 to 15% alkoxyalcohol.

Abstract: A process is provided for the remediation of bottom ash from domestic waste incinerators which comprises hot mixing from 10 to 50% by weight of said bottom ash with from 4 to 6% by weight of bitumen having a penetration of from 50 to 200 pen, from 25 to 55% by weight of crushed rock having a particle size greater than 2 mm, from 10 to 35% by weight of crushed rock fines having a particle size of less than 2 mm and from 0 to 3% by weight of a filler to give a hot mix asphalt product which is environmentally stable and which has load bearing properties at least as good as conventional hot mix asphalts.

Abstract: A refractory composition is disclosed comprising a high purity silicon dioxide and a binder. This refractory composition may be applied by trowelling, brushing, casting, pumping and/or spraying it on a worn and/or damaged high purity silica refractory surface. A refractory castable composition is also disclosed that may be employed with forms. Further, an essentially non-slumping, sprayable refractory castable composition that is applied without the use of forms is provided. The sprayable refractory castable composition comprises (a) a tempered, pumpable first component comprising (i) a high purity silicon dioxide and a binder, and (ii) water, if needed, to achieve a pumpable consistency, and (b) a second component comprising a flocculating agent. The flocculating agent is added to the first component for achieving installation of the sprayable refractory composition in an amount to prevent slumping of the sprayable refractory castable composition.

Abstract: The method comprises the steps of: preparing a belitic crude cement, neutralizing waste sulfurous acids by means of at least clay-calcareous fines which are thus transformed into artificial gypsum, and adding said artificial gypsum to the belitic crude cement.

Abstract: An improved asbestos-free composition for the manufacture of commercial baking stones and an improved baking stone made from the improved asbestos-free composition are disclosed. The baking stone is asbestos-free, non-hazardous and is ideal for commercial ovens designed for baking pizza and bread. The improved composition for the manufacture of baking stones includes 15-45% portland cement, 30-55% fireclay, 4-11% mullite, 2-6% silica, 0.5-3% glass fiber, 10-30% water and 0.03-1.5% of a plasticizer. After curing, the preferred water content of the cured baking stone will range from 6-10% and the composition of the cured baking stone will be 15-50% portland cement, 30-55% fireclay, 4-12% mullite, 2-7% silica, 0.5-3% glass fiber, 6-10% water and 0.03-1.5% of a plasticizer. Also disclosed is an improved composition for the manufacture of baking stones that includes a pigment in order to produce a colored baking stone.

Abstract: An additive for an admixture of a cement composition, especially, a retarder of a cement composition, capable of exhibiting excellent retardation effect with a smaller addition amount and easily controlling the retardation time by adjusting the addition amount. An admixture of a cement composition, comprising a cement and at least one iminodiacetic acid or salt thereof represented by formula (I): wherein the M groups each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group or a substituted ammonium group; Y represents a divalent alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the divalent alkyl group may be substituted by a hydroxyl group or a COOM group wherein M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group or a substituted ammonium group; and W represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a COOM group wherein M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group or a substituted ammonium group.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a silicon single crystal in accordance with the Czochralski method wherein a crystal is pulled with controlling a temperature in a furnace so that &Dgr;G may be 0 or a negative value, where &Dgr;G is a difference between the temperature gradient Gc (° C./mm) at the center of a crystal and the temperature gradient Ge (° C./mm) at the circumferential portion of the crystal, namely &Dgr;G=(Ge−Gc), wherein G is a temperature gradient in the vicinity of a solid-liquid interface of a crystal from the melting point of silicon to 1400° C.

Abstract: A method of growing epitaxial semiconductor layers with reduced crystallographic defects. The method includes growing a first epitaxial semiconductor layer on a semiconductor substrate under conditions of relatively high temperature and low source gas flow to heal defects in or on the surface of the substrate. Subsequently, a second epitaxial semiconductor layer is grown on the first layer under conditions of relatively low temperature and high source gas flow. The first epi layer acts as a low-defect seed layer by preventing defects in the surface of the substrate from propagating into the second epi layer. Optionally, a hydrogen chloride etch may be employed during a portion of the first epi layer growth to increase the efficacy of the first layer.

Abstract: A cartridge for use with a printing apparatus of the type typically employed for digital printing in which a painting material is deposited in metered amounts on a print medium comprises a housing containing a drive wheel, a first idler disposed in a paint reservoir, a wire disposed around the wheel and the idler, and an air nozzle having at least one nozzle orifice therein for directing a jet of air toward said wire. As the drive wheel is rotated, as with an external drive mechanism, paint contained within the paint reservoir coats the wire and is drawn by the wire in the path of the air jet. The air jet removes at least a portion of the paint from the wire and deposits the paint onto a print medium. By employing a plurality of such cartridges into a single print head, each containing a different color of paint, a color image can be painted onto a print medium.

Abstract: A finely-divided powder spray apparatus of the invention comprises a spray nozzle pipe disposed at a position spaced apart from a member to be sprayed a prescribed interval; a support unit of the spray nozzle pipe for supporting it so that it can be inclined; a first joint unit disposed to the upper end of the spray nozzle pipe; two linearly-moving actuators that each move in respective linear paths that are fixed relative to each other and each provided with a second joint unit; and two rods for coupling each of the second joint units with the first joint unit; wherein the finely-divided powder is sprayed onto the member to be sprayed from the spray nozzle pipe which is inclined in an arbitrary direction by combining the movements of the two linearly-moving actuators.

Abstract: A spacer spraying device for spraying a powdery spacer onto, e.g., a substrate for an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is disclosed. When the device sprays the spacer onto the top of the substrate in a spray chamber, it prevents the spacer from depositing on the inner side walls and top wall of the chamber and dropping in the form of cohered masses onto the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a CVD system and a CVD process which can grow excellent compound semiconductor thin films of two or more components having least defects and which enjoy high source gas utilization efficiency and increased productivity. According to the CVD system and the CVD process, at least two kinds of source gases are introduced parallel to the surface of a substrate 11 placed in a reactor 10 to grow a compound semiconductor thin film of two or more components on the surface of the substrate 11.

Abstract: In this impurity eliminating apparatus, a mounting stand on which a wafer is mounted and a casing which confronts the mounting stand are provided in a container. A lower face of the casing consists of. quartz glass. Inside the casing, an irradiating body for irradiating ultraviolet rays toward the wafer on the mounting stand is provided. The casing is full of inactive gas atmosphere supplied from an inactive gas supply pipe. The atmosphere above the wafer is exhausted from one side by an exhauster. Following the treatment by the impurity eliminating apparatus with the above structure, coating treatment with a treatment solution for forming a SOG film is performed. Thus, organic substances on the surface of the wafer is eliminated to form the SOG film.

Abstract: A gas flow regulating surface portion 37a is the farthest from the front surface of a wafer W in the middle between a peripheral portion of the wafer W and a center portion of a sealing vessel. The gas flow regulating portion 37a protrudes to the front surface of the wafer W in the vicinity of a center portion that surrounds an exhausting opening 35a. In other words, a convex portion 37c is formed in a peripheral area of the gas flow regulating surface portion 37a that surrounds the exhausting opening 35a. Since treatment gas flows along the front surface of the gas flow regulating portion 37a, treatment gas equally contacts the wafer W in the radius direction of the wafer W. Thus, a film with equal thickness is formed.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for a lower pressure chemical vapor deposition capable of achieving various kinds of thin films having a uniform thickness, preventing parts breakage, achieving automation of the system, and combining the use of a low pressure chemical vapor deposition apparatus and a plasma low pressure chemical vapor deposition apparatus, which includes a deposition base; a reactor disposed on the deposition base and having a reaction region formed therein; a substrate lifted and lowered in the reactor and on which a wafer is placed; a chemical source gas introducer for introducing a chemical source gas into the reactor; a substrate heating member disposed in the substrate for heating the wafer; and a reactor heating member for heating the reactor.

Abstract: An eductor-mixer has a first inlet which receives dry particulate sugar from a sugar feed system and has a second inlet which receives a pressurized working liquid adapted to mix with the dry particulate sugar to form a liquified sugar solution. The eductor-mixer also has a discharge adapted for discharging the liquified sugar solution. A tank system receives the solution discharged from the eductor-mixer. A working fluid circuit conducts pressurized working fluid to the second inlet of the eductor-mixer and includes a solution recycle line for conducting solution from the tank system to the second inlet of the eductor-mixer, and a water supply line for adding water to the solution conducted to the second inlet of the eductor-mixer. A heater adds heat to the system to increase the temperature of the solution to a temperature at or above a specified temperature. A measuring device measures the sugar content of liquified sugar solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides in a method of treating starch, comprising the steps of (1) contacting starch with water to form a slurry and (2) mechanically removing said water from said starch slurry; the improvement comprising incorporating a dewatering composition comprising a dioctyl sulfosuccinate salt and a water miscible polyol into said starch slurry in an amount effective to decrease the water content of the resulting starch cake upon conclusion of the mechanical dewatering step.

Abstract: A process for prooducing an Fe—Co based magnetic alloy having not only good magnetic properties but also excellent mechanical characteristics is provided which includes a first step of heating an Fe—Co based magnetic alloy material having a Co content which is in a range of 30% by weight≦Co≦65% by weight to convert the metallographic structure thereof into a &ggr; single-phase structure, a second step of gradually cooling the material to an a single-phase range at a cooling rate C1 set in a range of 20 K°/hr≦C1≦0.5 K°/sec, and a third step of subjecting the material to a magnetic softening treatment.

Abstract: In a chromating solution comprising a water-soluble chromium compound and a reducing agent and in which hexavalent chromium ions produced by dissolution of the water-soluble chromium compound have been partly reduced with the reducing agent to trivalent chromium ions, an oxycarboxylic acid compound is used as the reducing agent. This chromating solution causes neither gelation nor sedimentation of the solution even when hexavalent chromium ions are reduced to trivalent chromium ions at a reduction percentage of more than 50%. The chromating solution and a chromate film formed on a steel sheet may also contain an organic resin, phosphoric acid or a phosphoric acid compound, or a silica sol.

Abstract: Soft magnetic alloy of the iron-nickel type, the chemical composition of which comprises, by weight: 40%≦Ni+Co≦65%; 0%≦Co≦7%; 2%≦Cr≦5%; 1%≦Ti≦3%; 0%≦Al≦0.5%; 0%≦Mn+Si≦2%; optionally, up to 3% Mo, 2% W, 2% V, 1.5% Nb, 1% Ta and 3% Cu, the sum of the Cr, Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta and Cu contents being less than 7% and the sum of the Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta and Cu contents being less than 4%; the balance being iron and impurities, such as carbon, sulfur and phosphorus, resulting from the smelting process, the chemical composition furthermore satisfying the relationships: Cr<5−0.015×(Ni+Co−52.5)2, if: Ni+Co≦52.5; Cr<5−0.040×(Ni+Co−52.5)2, if: Ni+Co≧52.5; the alloy having a saturation induction Bs of greater than 0.9 tesla, a coercive field of less than 10 A/m, an electrical resistivity p of greater than 60 &mgr;&OHgr;.cm and a hardness of greater than 200 HV. Process for manufacturing the alloy and uses.

Abstract: The invention relates to non-sag tungsten wire for being used in light sources or heating elements, which tungsten wire is prepared from a tungsten block by powder metallurgy process with thermomechanical technique, and has an overlapped crystal structure after recrystallization and contains a dopant material. The essential feature of the tungsten wire according to the invention is that as the dopant material, it contains at least one of the following additive materials: lanthanum/III/oxide, cerium dioxide.

Abstract: A Ni-base alloy composition comprises of Zr, B, and Si. Zr and B are coupled to each other to form ZrB2, the B and Zr suppress melting points of the Ni-base alloy composition. Further, a Ni-base alloy composition also comprises Cr, Ti, and Ni, where the Ti and Cr suppress melting points.

Abstract: In accordance with one aspect of the present invention is the metamorphic processing of a beryllium-copper alloy. The alloy is (i) thermodynamically treated for greater than about 10 hours at a temperature generally within a range of 900° to 1500° F., (ii) warm worked at greater than about 30% strain at a strain rate {acute over (&egr;)} greater than or equal to about (2.210×107)/exp[(2.873×104)/(T+459.4°)], where T is in ° F., at the temperature, (iii) annealed at a temperature between 1375° and 1500° F. for about 15 minutes to about 3 hours, (iv) water quenched, and (v) thermal hardened at a temperature generally within a range of about 480° and 660° F. Grain size is reduced with concomitant improvements in ultimate strength, toughness, total elongation, % reduction in area and ultrasonic inspectability.

Abstract: A method for producing a high strength hot-rolled steel sheet with good formability applicable to automobiles, industrial machines and the like is disclosed. The basic composition of TRIP steel is adjusted wherein Cu is added to improve the strength by precipitation hardening of a fine &egr;—Cu. Other conditions are controlled to obtain a tensile strength of over 90 kg/mm2 with good formability. The steel is composed of 0.15-0.3% by weight of C, 1.5-2.5% by weight of Si, 0.6-1.8% by weight of Mn, 0.02-0.10% by weight of Al, 0.6-2.0% by weight of Cu, 0.6-2.0% by weight of Ni, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities and has a microstructure of multi-phase structure consisting of ferrite, bainite, and retained austenite, or a granular structure (M-A constituents in bainitic ferrite matrix). The steel is finish rolled at a temperature of 750-880° C., water cooled from a water cooling initiation temperature of 680-740° C.

Abstract: A process and a device are provided for manufacturing a honeycomb body from at least one metal foil constructed from at least two different layers, in particular from steel roll-bonded with aluminum. The metal foil is at least partly provided with a structure through the use of shaping, and is then layered or laminated or wound into honeycomb body. The metal foil is heat-treated with resistance heat generated within the foil before shaping. The heating is preferably carried out through the use of induction coils. In this way the capacity for cold shaping is increased and where required an oxide layer can be produced in a defined atmosphere. The invention reduces the energy and apparatus costs and permits economical manufacture of high-quality honeycomb bodies, in particular with microstructures increasing effectiveness.

Abstract: A superalloy article has a protective layer thereon, either in the form of an environmental coating or a the bond coat for a thermal barrier coating system. The protective layer has a high content of hafnium and/or zirconium to improve the adherence and properties of the protective layer. To introduce the hafnium and/or zirconium into the protective layer, the nickel-base alloy substrate, to which the protective layer is applied, is prepared with an initially elevated content of the hafnium and/or zirconium. A conventional bond coat is applied to the substrate. In an interdiffusion treatment performed during coating and/or subsequently, hafnium and/or zirconium diffuses from the substrate into the bond coat.