Abstract: A film is made of an elastic material. The film is stretched in at least one direction in parallel to a surface of the film. Then, through-holes are punched in the film be means of needles, in a state the film is stretched. After the punching is completed, the stretching is terminated, so that the film recovers its original shape.

Abstract: An ink jet printer comprising a print pattern storage device for storing the input print pattern data and sequentially outputting the stored data in conjunction with the relative movement of the print head, and a separate preliminary ejection data generator for causing ink droplets to be ejected from plural print elements of the print head simultaneously, the ink jet printer further comprises a selecting device for selecting the output from either the print pattern storage device or the preliminary ejection data generator, and ejecting ink droplets from the plural print elements according to the selected output.

Abstract: An inkjet print cartridge comprising a printhead that is formed using a sequence of etch process steps is described. The first etch of the two etch step process is comprised of a wet chemical etch followed by a dry etch process, both etch steps are consecutively initiated from the back of the wafer. The fabrication process described offers several advantages including precise dimensional control of the ink feed channel, greater packing density of ink ejectors disposed in the printhead and greater printing speed. Additionally, the time required to manufacture the printhead, in contrast to a conventional printhead, is reduced.

Abstract: A drop-on-demand ink-jet printing head provided with an array of a plurality of piezoelectric elements arranged at regular intervals and fixed at their one ends to a base, the other ends of the respective piezoelectric elements being free ends which are disposed in opposition to nozzle respective apertures, the piezoelectric elements being formed by cutting, at predetermined width, a piezoelectric plate obtained by firing a lamination of paste-like piezoelectric material conductive material stacked alternately in layers. Since each piezoelectric element is composed of a thin piezoelectric plate interposed between electrodes, if a voltage of only about 30 V, which is sufficient to drive the thin piezoelectric plate, is applied across the electrodes, it is possible to largely flex the whole of the piezoelectric element. By this transformation, ink between the top end of the piezoelectric element and the nozzle aperture is discharged to the outside as an ink drop.

Abstract: A liquid tank includes a first chamber which incorporates a liquid and a negative pressure producing material and which includes an air communication port for obtaining communication with atmospheric air, and a port serving as an ink outlet. The liquid tank also includes a second chamber for directly accommodating the liquid to be supplied to the first chamber in a substantially closed state although communicating with the first chamber only via a communication port which is provided at a position separated from the air communication port. The communication port is formed between a partition wall for separating the first chamber from the second chamber, and a chamber inner surface which is a border region between the first chamber and the second chamber where an end portion of the partition wall contacts if the partition wall is extended.

Abstract: A head driver for thermal printing drives plural heating elements in a heating element array according to heating data for respectively the plural heating elements, to record dots of one line thermally by heating color thermosensitive recording material. A first data train is output, including gradation level data of gradation levels 0, 2, 4, . . . , 510. One-line image data for plural pixels in the one line is serially compared with the gradation level data in the first data train, so as to create even number gradation heating data in a serial signal form. Simultaneously with the first data train, a second data train is output, including gradation level data of gradation levels 1, 3, 5, . . . , 511. The one-line image data is serially compared with the gradation level data in the second data train, so as to create odd number gradation heating data in a serial signal form. After transfer to the head driver, the even number gradation heating data is converted into a parallel signal form.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image exposure apparatus comprising a substrate on which a plurality of light emitting elements are disposed. Wherein, the plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in a non-parallel relation to a longitudinal direction of the substrate.

Abstract: This invention discloses an imaging system including at least one focal plane array, a plurality of optical pathways, each viewing different scenes, and an optical switching assembly operative to supply to the at least one focal plane array outputs of the plurality of optical pathways in a time-shared manner.

Abstract: In an electronic endoscope system, a scope has a solid image sensor provided at a distal end thereof to generate image-pixel signals. An image-signal processing unit produces a video signal based on the image-pixel signals. An alteration system alters a peak-to-peak level of a synchronizing-signal component of the video signal. An manual setting system manually operates the alteration system to perform the alteration of the peak-to-peak level of the synchronizing-signal component.

Abstract: A digital still camera comprises a full image processor and a rough image processor. The full image processor generates compressed full image data as primary image data, while the rough image processor generates non-compressed rough image data as secondary image data whose data volume has been reduced by limiting pixels thereof. In a reproduction mode, rough image data is read from a memory and subjected to display processing. A rough image is generated based on non-compressed rough image data with a short reproduction waiting time and displayed on an image display device. Thereafter, corresponding full image data is processed for display so that a relevant full image replaces the displayed rough image data, to be finally displayed.

Abstract: Parasitic capacity between Cs lines and source lines forming a picture element section is reduced, whereby characteristic resistant to crosstalk is achieved, opening ratio is increased, and brightness of LCD is increased.

Abstract: There is disclosed a structure for radiating heat generated by TFTs in a liquid crystal panel. A DLC film 125 is provided on a resin interlayer film 123 disposed on the TFTs 105, 109, and 113. The DLC film 125 can be easily formed on the resin film, and has high heat conductivity, so that the film can be made to function as a heat radiating layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device in which an integrated printed circuit board is manufactured by integrating a circuit of a gate portion with a source portion and is located on the source side of the liquid crystal panel, and a flexible circuit board according to the COF method is provided on the gate side, and the flexible circuit board is supported towards a mold frame to reduce the area and the volume which is occupied by a portion except for a screen is disclosed. The liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display panel, an integrated printed circuit board, a flexible circuit board for transferring a gate driving signal and a data driving signal to the liquid crystal display panel, and a mold frame for receiving the liquid crystal display panel and a back light assembly. A support member for supporting the flexible circuit board towards the mold frame is provided on one side of a chassis.

Abstract: An in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device comprises a substrate, a pixel region, a common bus line, a thin film transistor, a data electrode, a passivation layer over the data electrode and the thin film transistor, and a common electrode. The pixel region lies on the substrate. The common bus line is aligned in the pixel region. The thin film transistor is coupled to the pixel region and the pixel regions comprises a gate electrode and a gate insulator having a portion overlying the gate electrode. The data electrode lies over the gate insulator and has a portion overlying the common bus line to form a first storage capacitor. The passivation layer overlies the data electrode and the thin film transistor. The common electrode overlies the passivation layer and has a portion overlying the data electrode to form a second storage capacitor.

Abstract: A method of sensing the pitch or relative location of a lenticular lens on a sheet of transparent lenticular material of the type having a repeating pattern of cylindrical lenses on one side and a flat opposite side, comprising the steps of: forming a beam of light; focusing the beam of light into a spot smaller than the pitch of the cylindrical lenses onto the lenticular material; moving the lenticular material relative to the beam in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the cylindrical lenses to modulate the angle of reflection or refraction of the beam of light; and sensing the position of the modulated beam of light to determine the pitch or relative location of lenticular material to the focused spot.

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus is constructed to project light toward an object to be measured, receive reflected light thereof at a position according to the distance to the object to output a position signal, generate a distance computation value based on the position signal, integrate the distance computation value with an integrating capacitor, detect the distance, based on distance data corresponding to the integral result, charge the integrating capacitor by letting a constant current flow for a predetermined time, and calculate a voltage of the integrating capacitor. In the distance measuring apparatus, the distance to the object is detected, based on a correction voltage being the voltage calculated in a ranging routine, a reference voltage of the integrating capacitor preliminarily calculated before the ranging routine, and the distance data. Then the apparatus can reduce a ranging error due to change in the capacitance of the integrating capacitor.

Abstract: A curved mirrored surface is used to collect radiation scattered by a sample surface and originating from a normal illumination beam and an oblique illumination beam. The collected radiation is focused to a detector. Scattered radiation originating from the normal and oblique illumination beams may be distinguished by employing radiation at two different wavelengths, by intentionally introducing an offset between the spots illuminated by the two beams or by switching the normal and oblique illumination beams on and off alternately. Beam position error caused by change in sample height may be corrected by detecting specular reflection of an oblique illumination beam and changing the direction of illumination in response thereto. Butterfly-shaped spatial filters may be used in conjunction with curved mirror radiation collectors to restrict detection to certain azimuthal angles.

Abstract: An optical node system for an optical ring network reduces certain costs associated with current ring architectures by using at least a portion of the light from an incoming optical signal to transmit an outgoing optical signal. In accordance with certain embodiments, the node includes an optical multiplexer which receives optical signals having a plurality of wavelengths. The optical multiplexer can be configured to output optical signals having certain wavelengths and to route at least one optical signal from the ring of at least one particular wavelength (or wavelength band) to a corresponding optical transceiver. The optical transceiver receives the incoming optical signal of the particular wavelength routed from the optical multiplexer and transmits at least a portion of the light from the incoming optical signal having the particular wavelength.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to permit digital capture of images from both transmissive and reflective media. A laser or other source of excitation radiation is coupled to a mounting surface to be in optical communication with a reading window when installed on a scanner. A rear casing is coupled to the monitoring surface to engage a housing of a scanner, the housing defining the reading window.

Abstract: An optical scanner assembly includes a plurality of laser beams emitted from a laser light source reflected by a polygonal mirror and incident upon a multi-sided splitter mirror containing two adjacent reflective sides of a polygon, such as a square. The top of the multi-sided splitter mirror is arranged on the incidence center axis, and the aforementioned plurality of laser beams are split to be incident upon two reflective surfaces with the top interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A diffusing adhesive layer has a light-transmissible adhesive layer dispersively containing colorless light-transmissible particles so as to exhibit light diffusing characteristic. The light diffusing characteristic of the diffusing adhesive layer is not higher than 10% in terms of a light diffusion factor which is defined as 100×I30/I10 when I30 is the intensity of light transmitted in a direction inclined by 30 degrees relative to a direction of perpendicular transmission of perpendicularly incident light, and I10 is the intensity of light transmitted in a direction inclined by 10 degrees relative to the direction of perpendicular transmission of perpendicularly incident light. Another diffusing adhesive layer has a total light transmission factor of not lower than 85% and a direct transmission factor of not higher than 30%. In an optical member, one of the diffusing adhesive layers is provided on an optical material having at least a polarizing plate or a retarder plate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the structure of the array lens that at least any one of the diagonal size, vertical size and lateral size of lens cell is set to almost 1/(4.5 or more) for each corresponding size of the display elements, the structure that the diagonal size of lens cell is set to almost 0.18 inch or less, the structure that the total number of lens cells is set to almost 240 or more and the structure that the lens focal distance of lens cell is set to almost 30 mm or less.

Abstract: A catoptric reduction projection optical system (5) is provided with a first catoptric optical system (10) that images an object (R) in first (object) plane (OP) into a second plane (12) and forming an intermediate image (II) therein, and a second catoptric optical system (20) that images the intermediate image in the second plane onto a third (image) plane (IP), thereby and forming a reduced image of the object in the first (object) plane onto the third (image) plane. The first catoptric optical system comprises a first mirror pair comprising two reflective mirrors (M1, M2). The second catoptric optical system comprises a second mirror pair comprising a convex mirror (M3) and a concave mirror (M4). The system also preferably satisfied a number of design conditions.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus for reproducing an information signal recorded on a recording medium is provided with a reproducing part arranged to reproduce the information signal recorded on the recording medium and to output the reproduced information signal, a muting circuit for muting the information signal outputted from the reproducing part, a detecting circuit for detecting the level of a noise component included in the information signal outputted from the reproducing part, and a control part for controlling a muting action of the muting circuit on the basis of a result of detection provided by the detecting circuit. These parts in combination enable the reproducing apparatus to reproduce the information signal without generating any noise component, in a minimal length of time after the commencement of reproduction.

Abstract: A data storage device has an external casing comprising an opening which allows access to the components within the casing by a data storage cartridge. A door covers the opening when a data storage cartridge is not installed in the device. The construction and placement of the door allow the door to function as a structural element, thus enhancing the ability of the data storage device to withstand externally-applied loads without deformation or damage. Additionally, the door functions as a guide-piece for the data storage cartridge as it is inserted into the storage device. Furthermore, the door accomplishes these functions without requiring any increase in the height or width of the device.

Abstract: A roller guiding method for delivery of magnetic tape media along a tape path between a tape drive employing a single reel and a tape cartridge employing a single reel. The roller guiding system comprises a plurality of guide rollers configured to adjust the path of travel of the tape media during tape drive operation to maintain tracking of the tape media with a tape head.

Abstract: A disc-type recording medium arranged to be recorded/reproduced by a recording/reproducing head mounted on a head slider has a predetermined projection and pit pattern on the surface thereof and/or the head slider. In a state where the recording/reproducing head mounted on the head slider and the disc-type recording medium are in contact with each other, recording/reproducing is performed. As a result, abrasion between the recording/reproducing head and the disc-type recording medium can be prevented and an excellent recording/reproducing characteristic can be obtained.

Abstract: A heat sink may be spring strapped onto a socketed processor using clips that engage the spring strap and that are pre-positioned on the circuit board. The clips may be C-shaped and may include an upper spring arm portion, a vertical portion, and a base which may be surface mounted to the circuit board. The upper spring arm of the C-shaped clip then releasably engages the spring strap to clamp the heat sink firmly onto the socketed processor.

Abstract: A mechanism for fixing a printed circuit board to a case has a guide support portion and a stopper. The guide support portion guides the printed circuit board in a direction of insertion and pulling out of the printed circuit board and supports the printed circuit board. The guide support portion is disposed in the case. The stopper engages with the printed circuit board which is inserted into the guide support portion, and fixes the printed circuit board to the case.

Abstract: An electronic device comprising a semiconductor chip which is fixed to the mounting face of a wiring board through an adhesive and in which external terminals are electrically connected with electrode pads of the wiring board through bump electrodes. Recesses are formed in the electrode pads, and in the recesses the electrode pads and the bump electrodes are connected. The electrode pads are formed over the surface of a soft layer, and the recesses are formed by elastic deformation of the electrode pads and the soft layer.

Abstract: An electronic device comprising a semiconductor chip which is fixed to the mounting face of a wiring board through an adhesive and in which external terminals are electrically connected with electrode pads of the wiring board through bump electrodes. Recesses are formed in the electrode pads, and in the recesses the electrode pads and the bump electrodes are connected. The electrode pads are formed over the surface of a soft layer, and the recesses are formed by elastic deformation of the electrode pads and the soft layer.

Abstract: Luminaire having an optical waveguide plate, which has a first light guiding surface, and having a light reflecting area—arranged opposite the latter—of an opaque reflector, which reflects light back into the optical waveguide plate in such a way that at least part of said light emerges from the second light guiding surface facing away therefrom. The light reflecting area has a very large number of reflecting area regions, which extend obliquely with respect to one another and obliquely with respect to the opposite first light guiding surface of the optical waveguide plate.

Abstract: A surface light source device has a light conducting plate with a light source disposed adjacent to one of its side surfaces. At least one pattern is formed on the upper light emitting surface of the light conducting plate and/or the lower surface. The pattern is provided such that the sum of average slope angles of the light emitting surface and the opposite surface on a first sectional surface which is perpendicular to both the light incident surface and the light emitting surface is greater than the sum of average slope angles of the light emitting surface and the opposite surface on a second sectional surface which is parallel to the light incident side surface. Image display apparatus incorporating such a surface light source device have improved brightness and other characteristics.

Abstract: Methods are provided for adapting existing manufacturing processes for non-illuminated data-entry devices and mouses to the manufacture of illuminated data-entry devices. Luminescent sheets of one or more colors underlying optically transmissive device components provide illumination of the components visual to a user of the device. The optically transmissive components may be doped with phosphors or tinted to provide components that emit light of different colors. The intensity of illumination of the luminescent sheet may be controlled by the user and may vary in response to the background light of the environment.

Abstract: A lamp having a threaded base for threadedly coupling to an electrical energy source is provided. The lamp includes a light-generating bulb replaceably coupled to the threaded base and a housing coupled to the base. The housing has an inner light-directing surface disposed about the bulb. The housing terminates at an outer rim, and defines an opening. A mounting assembly, including a lens-holding ring with a keeper and a latch hook on the sidewall, removably mounts a lens on the rim in a covering position closing the opening, whereby removal of the lens permits access to the bulb. The lens holding ring may be separable from the housing or may be pivotally coupled to a ring on the housing.

Abstract: A method of making a casing of an image sensor is provided. The method includes the steps of preparing the casing, and applying a static electricity preventive to the casing. The casing is formed with a light passage configured to conduct light emitted from a light source. The static electricity preventive is applied to the inner surfaces of the casing defining the light passage. While the application of the preventive is performed, flashes formed at the light passage are removed.

Abstract: Lighting is provided for the entry area on the outer side of a seat part in the backrest of a car seat, which is provided with a seat part. The lighting can be switched on by opening the car door next to it. Current supplying lines are deployed through a line feeder leading to the car seat.

Abstract: A rear combination lamp 1 is arranged in a manner that a wiring portion 6 is formed and divided into plural pieces along the periphery of the socket inlet 5 of a lamp body 2, a conductor 7 is divided into plural pieces and the plural pieces of the conductors are wired at the plural pieces of the wiring portion 6, respectively, and stop ribs 10 for restricting the insertion amount of a socket 20 are provided at the vicinity of guide grooves 9 which guide bayonets 25 when the bayonets 25 provided at the socket 20 is fitted to the wiring portion thereby to attach the socket to the lamp body. At the time of attaching the socket 20 to the lamp body 2, when a socket body 21 is inserted into the socket inlet 5, terminal contacts are brought into contact with the conductors 7, whereby the one end of the socket 20 abuts against a top face of the stop ribs 10. Thus, since the insertion amount of the socket 20 is restricted, the excessive deformation of the terminal contacts can be surely prevented.

Abstract: A switching power converter, comprising: a secondary side transformer winding having first and second ends across which an AC voltage is inducible; a first regulation circuit including: a first switching element having a power terminal coupled to the first end of the secondary side transformer winding and another power terminal coupled to a first intermediate node; a second switching element having a power terminal coupled to the first intermediate node and another power terminal coupled to a common node; and a first inductor coupled from the first intermediate node to a first output node; a second regulation circuit including: a third switching element having a power terminal coupled to the second end of the secondary side transformer winding and another power terminal coupled to a second intermediate node; a fourth switching element having a power terminal coupled to the second intermediate node and another power terminal coupled to the common node; and a second inductor coupled from the second intermediate

Abstract: A NAND cell unit comprising a plurality of memory cells which are connected in series. An erase operation is effected on all memory cells. Then, a soft-program voltage, which is opposite in polarity to the erase voltage applied in the erase operation, is applied to all memory cells, thereby setting all memory cells out of an over-erased state. Thereafter, a program voltage of 20V is applied to the control gate of any selected one of the memory cells, 0V is applied to the control gates of the two memory cells provided adjacent to the selected memory cell, and 11V is applied to the control gates of the remaining memory cells. Data is thereby programmed into the selected memory cell. The time for which the program voltage is applied to the selected memory cell is adjusted in accordance with the data to be programmed into the selected memory cell. Hence, data “0” can be correctly programmed into the selected memory cell, multi-value data can be read from any selected memory cell at high speed.

Abstract: The present invention enables to complete a data erase of memory cells of a group in a semiconductor storage device where a data erase is uniformly performed to memory cells of a group until all the cell threshold values become below a reference and memory cells having a cell threshold value below a lower limit are supplied with an electric charge. When a production error occurs in such a way that some memory cells in a predetermined position of a group have a lower erase speed, the semiconductor device is formed in such a way that these memory cells have an erase speed higher than an ideal value. When some memory cells of a group have a lower erase speed, an excessive erase is performed in most memory cells of the group requiring electric charge supply, which increase the erase time as a whole. However, when only some memory cells of a group have a higher erase speed, an excessive erase requiring electric charge supply occurs only in some memories and accordingly, it is possible to rapidly complete the data.

Abstract: A system of Flash EEprom memory chips with controlling circuits serves as non-volatile memory such as that provided by magnetic disk drives. Improvements include selective multiple sector erase, in which any combinations of Flash sectors may be erased together. Selective sectors among the selected combination may also be de-selected during the erase operation. Another improvement is the ability to remap and replace defective cells with substitute cells. The remapping is performed automatically as soon as a defective cell is detected. When the number of defects in a Flash sector becomes large, the whole sector is remapped. Yet another improvement is the use of a write cache to reduce the number of writes to the Flash EEprom memory, thereby minimizing the stress to the device from undergoing too many write/erase cycling.

Abstract: The inventive semiconductor memory device comprises a synchronous circuit formed by a PLL circuit requiring precise operations, an internal circuit group and a VDC circuit. The VDC circuit, a capacitor, a PMOS transistor for a dummy current and an NMOS transistor serving as a high impedance element are arranged for the synchronous circuit. The VDC circuit is arranged for the internal circuit group. The VDC circuit eliminates power supply noise. The PMOS transistor stabilizes the operation of a differential amplifier of the VDC circuit. The capacitor keeps potential difference between a power supply side and a GND side constant. The NMOS transistor stabilizes the voltage on the GND side.

Abstract: A memory cell array includes a normal memory cell array divided into a plurality of memory blocks, a row redundant circuit and a column redundant circuit. Independent data lines are provided for the normal memory cell array, the row redundant circuit and the column redundant circuit, respectively. A data line shift circuit selectively connects each data I/O line to a global data bus. A redundant control circuit generates a shift setting signal corresponding to the defective address for setting a connection form in a data line shift circuit when an address signal matches with a defective address.

Abstract: A semiconductor device integrated on a chip includes a memory cell array, multiple processing elements and multiple data transfer circuits which transfer data between memory cells and the processing elements over read paths and write paths provided separately. The divide is capable of transferring data from memory cells to the processing elements and from the processing elements to memory cells concurrently over the read paths and write paths, respectively, so that faster image data processing is accomplished, and also capable of processing data on once-activated word lines successively thereby to reduce the number of times of driving of each word line so that the power consumption is reduced.

Abstract: A restoring circuit 24, provided for each of the memory blocks 191 and 192, having registers and a selector for selecting one of the present row address and the output of the registers, provides the output of the selector to a word decoder 26. The present row address is held in one of the registers. When amplification is started by a sense amplifier 15, transfer gates 10 and 11 connected between the bit lines BL1 and *BL1 and the sense amplifier 15 are turned off to decrease the load of the sense amplifier 15, the amplified signal is stored in a buffer memory cell circuit 18, and accessing is completed with omitting restoring to the memory cell 12. While the memory cell block 191 is not selected, the data held in the buffer memory cell circuit 18 is stored into the memory cell row addressed by the content of the selected register. The sense amplifier 15 has PMOS and NMOS sense amplifiers.

Abstract: A data signal is output from an output circuit of a first chip and sent to a data input terminal in the second chip via a data lead line based on an output clock in first chip, which is sent to the second chip. And an input circuit in a second chip receives the data signal and transfers it inside in response to a transfer clock that has been generated from the output clock in the first chip. In synchronism with a single reference clock in the first chip, therefore, a data signal can be transferred to the second chip from the first chip at a high speed.

Abstract: A memory device which includes intermediate storage, or cache, and unidirectional data paths coupling the intermediate storage to external input/output. The invention improves the response of the memory device by eliminating dual latencies associated with the transition from a write request to a read request. The method of use of the invention and systems incorporating the invention are further described.

Abstract: A data buffer control circuit provides a buffer clock signal to a data buffer of an integrated circuit memory device having a read cycle that is initiated by assertion of a read cycle control signal. A clock buffer circuit that receives an input clock signal and a clock buffer control signal, the clock buffer circuit operative to generate the buffer clock signal from the input clock signal when the clock buffer control signal is in a first state and to prevent generation of the buffer clock signal from the input clock signal when the clock buffer control signal is in a second state. A clock buffer control circuit is responsive to the read cycle control signal and to the clock signal and transitions the clock buffer control signal to the first state responsive to a first transition of the input clock signal following assertion of the read cycle control signal and that transitions the clock buffer control signal to the second state responsive to the end of the predetermined interval.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agitator assembly which comprises an agitator and means for mounting the agitator assembly on top of a tank. The agitator comprises a shaft, a propeller fixed to one end of the shaft, and means for rotating the shaft to provide an axial discharge from the propeller of at least 4.0 m/sec with a flow equivalent of at least 0.2 tank volumes/minute. The agitator is mounted on top of the tank so that the shaft enters the tank at an angle &agr; to the longitudinal axis of the tank of between about 30 and about 60 degrees and at an angle &bgr; to the transverse vertical axis of the tank of less than about 50 degrees.