Abstract: A chip scale package has first and second sets of external signal terminals arranged in rows and columns at respective sides of the bottom surface of the package The spacing between the rows of the first set of signal terminals is greater than the spacing between the rows of the second set of signal terminals. The chip scale packages are mounted to and integrated by a printed circuit board having corresponding lands in each of a plurality of chip scale package regions. Thus, the spacing between adjacent rows of a first set of lands is greater than the spacing between adjacent rows of a second set of lands. The rows of the first lands are spaced wider apart so that a plurality of first signal lines can extend contiguously between each adjacent pair of rows of first lands, in each of the chip scale package regions. A method of designing the printed circuit board lays out the lands of the PCB in rows and columns, sets the spacing thereof, and traces out the signal lines.

Abstract: A circuit board is configured so as to include not less than two wiring layers, an insulator layer for electric insulation between the wiring layers, and an inner-via-hole conductive member provided in the insulator layer in a thickness direction of the insulator layer, for electric connection between the wiring layers. The insulator layer is made of a composite material containing an organic resin and a material having a smaller thermal expansion coefficient than that of the organic resin, and includes a surface part, a core part, and a surface part laminated in the stated order, the surface part having a high content of the organic resin, the core part having a low content of the organic resin. The wiring layers have a land portion that is connected with the inner-via-hole conductive member, the land portion being embedded so as to be substantially in contact with the core part, and the inner-via-hole conductive member has a thickness substantially equal to a thickness of the core part.

Abstract: A first wiring layer and metallized plated-through holes are formed in/on a substrate. A substrate layer is then applied to the top of the substrate by injection molding, during which an injected material passes through the plated-through holes, resulting in polymer studs being produced on an underside of the substrate. A second wiring layer, formed on the substrate layer, is electrically conductively connected to the first wiring layer by blind plated-through holes, and hence to external connections on the polymer studs by the plated-through holes.

Abstract: A drill pipe protector assembly for providing hydraulic lift and improved sliding lubrication to a drill string. The protector defines a tubular sleeve that is attached to a section of drill pipe and resides over the outer diameter of the drill pipe while moving within an associated well casing or well hole. The sleeve is adapted to provide hydraulic lift and sliding lubrication relative to the well casing and thus, increase the proclivity of the drill pipe to slide down the hole while also reducing the development of cutting dams. The sleeve includes a plurality of radially oriented openings which direct drilling mud from the annular space between the sleeve and drill pipe to the annular space between the sleeve and the casing or outer well wall. The sleeve also includes a plurality of wedge shaped longitudinal channels in communication with the radial openings.

Abstract: A unique method and apparatus for making a load cell provides faster assembly throughput and a manufacturing cost reduction. The method and apparatus includes adhering a sensor to a metal surface and clamping the sensor to the metal surface with heated clamps. Heat is applied directly through the clamps to heat the interface between the sensor and metal surface for a predetermined amount of time to form a secure bond.

Abstract: A Roberval's mechanism and a lever are configured separately. To the Roberval's mechanism, a lever housing section is formed for inserting the lever in the longitudinal direction and enabling the lever to be located between a pair of the upper and the lower Roberval's sections. To the other end of the lever, a section extending outwards beyond the lever housing section is equipped. A balance driving portion are mounted to the section equipped to the other end of the lever and extending outwards.

Abstract: A two wheeled trailer is used to propel a two wheeled vehicle such as a bicycle or a scooter. The trailer is powered by an electric motor and at least one battery. The control of the motor is through a potentiometer attached to the handlebars of the vehicle and in electrical communication with a controller. The trailer is attached to the vehicle by an attachment arm that is mounted near the rear axle of the vehicle. A coupler that allows three axes of rotation attaches the trailer to the vehicle.

Abstract: An engine with an integral actuator for a vehicle having an implement needing control. The engine includes a crank shaft, and a pump in a housing and an actuator that extends from the housing. The pump is operably connected to the crank shaft to produce a flow of fluid, such as oil, from the pump to the actuator. A valve is operably connected to the pump or the actuator to selectively move the actuator.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a fuel cell and a battery connected in parallel. A DC-DC converter is connected to the battery. A maximum output ratio of the fuel cell and the battery is set to be in a range where the output of the fuel cell is within 65 to 80% of the total output. Accordingly, electric power loss owing to conversion performed by the DC-DC converter is reduced to achieve a high energy efficiency.

Abstract: An electric-power generating apparatus is designed for an automotive vehicle with a hybrid drive including a prime mover. The apparatus includes an electric device which operates as either a generator or a motor. The electric device is connected with the prime mover for transmitting and receiving torque thereto and therefrom. A control unit operates for, in cases where the electric device is required to operate as the generator, alternately setting a power-generation execution term and a power-generation suspension term and thereby controlling the electric device to intermittently operate as the generator so as to substantially equalize a mean quantity of actual power generation to a required power generation quantity. During the power-generation execution term, the electric device operates as the generator and provides a power generation quantity greater than the mean quantity. During the power-generation suspension term, operation of the electric device as the generator is suspended.

Abstract: The power unit for a motorcycle accodring to the present invention comprises an engine unit having a casing in which a crankshaft and a countershaft are rotatably supported in parallel to each other, and a transmission unit having a casing in which a transmission input shaft and a transmission output shaft are rotatably supported in parallel to each other to define a dry belt drive-type transmission device. Said transmission input shaft of the transmission unit is being connected to the countershaft of the engine unit so as to be rotatable together with the countershaft. A cooling fan chamber is provided at a joined portion of the casing of the engine unit to the casing of the transmission unit, said cooling fan chamber is communicated with inside and outside of the casing of the transmission unit. A cooling fan is disposed in said cooling fan chamber so as to rotate together with the connecting portion of the countershaft and the transmission input shaft in a vicinity of said connection section.

Abstract: If a hydraulic motor (23) (traveling wheel (27)) is rotated (or skidding) at high rate, and a hydraulic motor (24) is hardly rotated, a detection controller (68) compares the rotational speeds of both hydraulic motors (23, 24). Then the rotation detected by the rotation detectors (66, 67) to detect the traveling wheel (27) to be skidding, and moves a piston (71) to allow a negative brake (40) to give a braking force to the hydraulic motor (23), and rotate the hydraulic motor (24). In this way, this invention can release the traveling wheel from skidding without the use of a flow dividing valve.

Abstract: A two/four-wheel drive switching device capable of avoiding interference with other components as far as possible at the time of installation of the device. All portions of a two/four-wheel drive switching device which portions are connected to a final reduction unit for front wheels are positioned below an upper surface of the device body.

Abstract: An all-terrain vehicle has a removable foot board arrangement. The foot boards are removably mounted to a mounting fixtures. The mounting fixtures are removably mounted to a set of corresponding mounting brackets. The mounting brackets are secured to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle. The foot boards extend outward beyond an outermost portion of the rims of the front wheels and serve as side guards.

Abstract: To provide a power steering device capable of increasing the degree of freedom in the layout of the various elements, stabilizing the surface of the oil and preventing air from being included or mixing foreign materials with the oil in the oil tank. The power steering device includes a power assist cylinder arranged between a steering shaft and a chassis frame. A control valve is operated by the steering shaft to control the power assist cylinder. An oil pump pressurizes operating oil supplied to the power assist cylinder. Furthermore, an oil tank stores the operating oil, wherein the oil tank is of a closed type and integrally arranged in the oil pump.

Abstract: A power steering device includes a cylindrical holder coaxially arranged on a steering shaft, a cylindrical rotary cylinder coaxially and rotatably installed in the holder and forming two oil chambers spaced apart in a circumferential direction between it and an inner surface of the holder, and a spool changing-over member coaxially and rotatably inserted in the rotary cylinder and connected to the steering wheel. A differential mechanism is provided between the rotary cylinder and the spool changing-over member for integrally rotating the rotary cylinder and the spool changing-over member when a steering force applied to the steering shaft is low, and allowing a relative rotation between the rotary cylinder and the spool changing-over member when the steering force is larger than a predetermined value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a horn loudspeaker system. The horn loudspeaker system includes a pair of vertically displaced horns with cross-fired aiming angles. A common throat section couples the horns to a driver. A substantially asymmetrical baffling is incorporated into the loudspeaker system to further improve the acoustic performance. One advantage of the unique horn loudspeaker system is that it provides a wide horizontal directivity response. Another advantage is that it provides a narrow vertical directivity response.

Abstract: The present invention is a bracket for constructing a sawhorse. The sawhorse constructed with the brackets allows the legs of the sawhorse to fold into a compact unit by having the legs interleave when folded. The legs pivot about a plane that is canted to allow each leg to rotate without interfering with any other leg. The length of the legs are not restricted in any fashion. The legs may also be locked in both the extended, or service position as well as the closed position. The bracket may be constructed of as few as two unique parts, and a pair may be nested together for compact shipping, storage, and display on a store shelf.

Abstract: An axially, slidable brake disc system employs leaf springs between a hub of a suspension casting or knuckle to float the brake discs for axial sliding movement, while holding the discs against wobbling, and employs brake pads which are biased by springs to float on a stationary bridge so that the contact between the brake pads and discs is a light random contact thereby resulting in reduced residual torque drag and disc thickness variation. The rotating brake discs will shift axially, slightly from the braking position to the off-brake position with the brake pads urged by their spring forces to keep their pad faces parallel to and slightly spaced from adjacent brake disc surfaces to prevent corner engagement and localized rubbing contact thereby reducing pad wear, residual drag torque and disc thickness variation. The brake force applicator may be mounted at a 12:00 position and in an integral bore in the suspension knuckle to reduce the size, weight, and space envelope of the braking system.

Abstract: Rusting on a friction material bonding surface of a backing plate of a disk brake pad is prevented to suppress lowering of the adhesion strength resulting from rust on the friction material. Edges of hole or uneven portion provided on the backing plate are removed by providing chamfers of R 0.3 mm or over. Thereafter, a rust-preventive film of a thermosetting resin and subjected to hardening treatment is provided on the surface of the backing plate to eliminate film-cut defects at the edges due to surface tension. The friction material is bonded to the rust-preventive film.

Abstract: A tamper-indicating device for sealing an individual piece of luggage to be installed by a user prior to checking, and individually observable upon baggage reclaim. The device includes a generally planar-colored flag element and integrally formed loop-forming means to be passed through openings in adjacent slide fastener closure tabs.

Abstract: A soft-shell bag comprising a flexible outer shell and including a removable resilient liner for placement inside the shell to provide the resultant bag with a resilient structure and with a barrier for protecting the flexible shell's construction materials from the contents of the bag.

Abstract: Within the scope of the method for acceleration of the torque breakdown of clutches in automatic transmissions, the follow-up of the hydraulic pressure and therewith the torque breakdown are accelerated by an over-compensation in the control.

Abstract: In a method of detecting the operating state of a friction clutch which may be engaged and disengaged axially, as a result of being triggered by an actuation, an engagement point is determined from the parameters clutch engagement travel and associated clutch torque and/or associated clutch rotational speed, and its associated engagement travel is stored. In a method step independent of the actuations, a permissible maximum value of the engagement travel is stored. In a method step triggered by an actuation, a comparison is performed in which the engagement travel of the engagement point is compared with the permissible maximum engagement travel. In a method step which necessarily follows the method step relating to the comparison, if the engagement travel of the engagement point is greater than the permissible maximum engagement travel, a signal is displayed in order to be able to perform repairs.

Abstract: A wet multiplate clutch is construction of plural friction plates and plural separator plates, which are alternately arranged. Between each two friction plates arranged adjacent to each other, plural separator plates are disposed.

Abstract: A friction clutch wherein a pressure plate is axially movably but non-rotatably coupled to a cover and is biased by a diaphragm spring to urge the friction linings of a clutch disc against a flywheel which is driven by the engine of a motor vehicle. The diaphragm spring is tiltable relative to a seat which is carried by the cover, and a second spring is provided to bias a portion of the seat against the diaphragm spring. The latter can be moved axially of the flywheel to compensate for wear upon the friction linings, particularly when the flywheel is idle or is driven at a relatively low speed.

Abstract: In a transmission system having hydraulic clutches controlled by solenoids, the clutch inching characteristics are improved by compensating for clutch hysteresis. A window or range of clutch pedal positions is established and when the clutch pedal operates within the established range, the signal that energizes the solenoid controlling the clutch is modified to offset clutch hysteresis. The window moves as the clutch pedal is released or depressed so that the clutch pedal position falls within the window whenever the direction of pedal movement is reversed. The arrangement is such that, for any given pedal position, the signal applied to the clutch solenoid is greater when the pedal is being released than when it is being depressed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a starting clutch in which an input side element and an output side element are joined together by applying an axial load thereby to transmit a power, which clutch comprises urging means for always providing the axial load, and releasing means for releasing the input side element and the output side element from the axial load.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for forming an imbricated stream of first and second printed products, in which in each case a first and a second printed product are located substantially congruently one upon the other in double imbricated formation. The first and second printed products are individually gripped alternately by an intermediate conveyor and conveyed one behind the other at a conveying spacing d. In each case a first printed product is transferred in a transfer region from the intermediate conveyor to a removal conveyor, which is designed as a belt conveyor, such that the first printed product comes to rest on the belt conveyor and overlaps the preceding printed product in an imbricated manner. A second printed product is then deposited such that it comes to rest substantially congruently on a first printed product which has already been deposited.

Abstract: A conveyor system includes a plurality of transit conveyors having a controller utilizing a logic scheme to selectively implement a time delay before authorizing transport of an article from an adjacent preceding conveyor to the transit conveyor, thereby maintaining and adjusting the gap between objects conveyed by the system. The invention includes a method of spacing the articles including (1) receiving an input signal with a controller associated with an individual transit conveyor indicating an article ready for transit from the preceding conveyor to the transit conveyor, (2) determining whether an object is present on the transit conveyor (3) generating a time delay when an article is present on the transit conveyor, and (4) transmitting an authorization signal to the preceding conveyor authorizing the transfer of an article from the preceding conveyor to the transit conveyor after the time delay has elapsed.

Abstract: An automated cleaning system for an endless belt conveyor. The cleaning system having a central control which controls pump supplying hot water, soap and a sanitizer to a plurality of controllable spray valves for plural spray bars.

Abstract: An automated cleaning system for an endless belt conveyor. The cleaning system having a central control which controls pump supplying hot water, soap and a sanitizer to a plurality of controllable spray valves for plural spray bars.

Abstract: A rotary type transfer apparatus used in a continuous manufacturing apparatus for spout-equipped bags. The transfer apparatus includes a transfer rotor and a driving device and installed next to an extraction apparatus. The transfer rotor has spout holding members on its circumference, and the driving device causes the transfer rotor to rotate intermittently in a cycle of stopping, acceleration, constant-speed rotation, deceleration and stopping and causes the speed of the spout holding members of the transfer apparatus to coincide with the speed of the spout holding members of the extraction apparatus during the period of constant rotation and causes the spout holding members to run side by side. During the constant-speed rotation, spouts are transferred from the spout holding members of the continuously rotating extraction apparatus to the spout holding members of the rotary type transfer apparatus via a guide member.

Abstract: A belt conveyor for conveying granular material comprises a tube and a hopper. Guide members guide the belt from a flat orientation as the belt leaves the lower roller into a cupped orientation as the belt enters the hopper. The cupped orientation is maintained by sliding contact at an interface between the lower surface of the belt and the hopper walls as the belt passes through the hopper. Left and right baffle members are attached along the hopper side walls and thereby prevent the granular material from sliding down the hopper walls into contact with the interface between the lower surface of the belt and the hopper walls. The belt has a width that is substantially fully exposed to granular material entering the hopper. A method of increasing the capacity of a belt conveyor comprises reducing the width of the flashing covering belt side portions.

Abstract: A conveyor is disclosed having a mechanism for driving an endless chain, which is used for driving and optionally also for supporting the article-supporting parts of the conveyor. The mechanism comprises a drive belt that engages and drives on a number of wheels on the chain. By driving on the periphery of the rotating wheels instead of directly on the chain itself, the force between the drive belt and the point of engagement with the chain is halved whereby the construction may be made substantially lighter.

Abstract: A handle-operating mechanism is used for a circuit breaker. The mechanism includes a rotary operating handle operated to open and close a main-circuit contact of a circuit breaker, a rotating gear connected to the operating handle, and a contact opening-and-closing mechanism having a toggle gear meshing with the rotating gear. The contact opening-and-closing mechanism is linked to the operating handle through the rotating gear and the toggle gear. A clutch gear is interposed between the operating handle and the rotating gear to provide an idle stroke. Thus, when the circuit breaker is turned on, the operating handle runs idly after the rotation of the operating handle has been started and before the rotating gear drives the toggle gear.

Abstract: An evaporation product discharged from a lower end a falling-film evaporator (1, 2) enters a downpipe (7), makes a 180° turn at a bottom of the downpipe, and moves upward through an annular rising channel (9) defined between the downpipe and an intermediate housing (10). As the evaporation product moves along a spiral path (12) defined by the spiral fins, centrifugal forces urges water droplets and impurities to a radial outward periphery where they pass through openings (13) in the intermediate shell as pure steam continues through the spiral path and out a pure steam outlet (21). A cooling jacket (15) chills a peripheral wall of an outer shell (14) adjacent the holes such that the discharged water droplets condense on the outer shell and flow down a reject water return path to a reject water reservoir at the bottom of the outer shell.

Abstract: A composite gas sensor comprises a pump cell, a NOx sensor cell and an oxygen sensor cell. The NOx sensor cell is connected to a first ammeter and a constant power source to measure the NOx concentration of a sample gas. The pump cell is connected to a second ammeter and a variable power source to measure an air-fuel ratio of the sample gas. The oxygen sensor cell is connected to a voltmeter. A controller adjusts the variable power source to produce a constant value from the voltmeter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to solid-state ion selective electrodes (ISEs), methods of producing same and devices containing same. The electrodes include: (a) an internal reference element which includes a homogenous conducting body; (b) a solid contact which includes a hydrophobic polymer, an ionophore and particles of conductive material and (c) an ion selective membrane which includes a hydrophobic polymer and an ionophore. The particles of conductive material are dispersed throughout the hydrophobic polymer of the solid contact.

Abstract: A gas sensing element has a solid electrolytic body, a reference gas side electrode provided on a surface of the solid electrolytic body so as to be exposed to a reference gas, and a measured gas side electrode provided on another surface of the solid electrolytic body so as to be exposed to a measured gas. A crystal face strength ratio of the measured gas side electrode according to X-ray diffraction is 0.7≦{I(200)/I(111)} or 0.6≦{I(220)/I(111)}.

Abstract: A continuous layer of a metal is electrodeposited onto a substrate having both hydrodynamically inaccessible recesses and hydrodynamically accessible recesses on its surface by a twostep process in which the hydrodynamically inaccessible recesses are plated using a pulsed reversing current with cathodic pulses having a duty cycle of less than about 50% and anodic pulses having a duty cycle of greater than about 50% and the hydrodynamically accessible recesses are then plated using a pulsed reversing current with cathodic pulses having a duty cycle of greater than about 50% and anodic pulses having a duty cycle of less than about 50%.

Abstract: An interchangeable electrolyte contains an additive that promotes interchangeable use between batteries and electroplating cells by limiting dendritic deposition in battery cells and promoting a smooth finish in an electroplating cell, such that fresh or spent electrolyte can be used interchangeably in these type of cells.

Abstract: Intercalated graphite flake is prepared having enhanced exfoliation characteristics in terms of at least one of reduced exfoliation temperature and increased expanded volume (also referred to as “worm volume”). The method entails contacting graphite flake with an organic expansion aid either before immersing in an aqueous intercalant solution or by dissolving the expansion aid in the aqueous intercalant solution prior to subjecting graphite flake to an electrolytic oxidation treatment therein. The graphite flake is subjected to electrolytic oxidation to provide intercalated graphite flake. Then, the intercalated graphite flake is recovered from the bulk of the intercalant solution and is preferably washed and further treated with a suitable surfactant in order to reduce the exposed gallery acids on the subsequently dried flake.

Abstract: Disclosed herewithin is an apparatus for fabricating a stent which involves processing a tubular member whereby no connection points to join the edges of a flat pattern are necessary. The process includes the steps of: a) preparing the surface of a tubular member, b) coating the outside surface of the tubular member with a photo-sensitive resist material, c) placing the tubular member in an apparatus designed to simultaneously rotate the tubular member while passing a specially configured photographic frame negative between a light source and the tubular member, d) exposing the tubular member to a photoresist developer, e) rinsing the excess developer and uncured resist from the exposed tubular member, f) sealing the inner lumen of the tubular member, and g) treating the tubular member with a chemical or electro-chemical process to remove uncovered metal. By modifying the photographic negative, this process can be employed to fabricate a virtually unlimited number of stent designs and configurations.

Abstract: A portable acidic water atomizer includes a casing; a source liquid tank provided within the casing; an electrolytic bath, for electrolyzing the supplied source liquid into acidic water and alkaline water; a pump for supplying source liquid within the source liquid tank to the electrolytic bath; an atomizing unit for spraying acidic water created in the electrolytic bath to outside of the casing; a waste liquid pipe, connecting the electrolyte bath and the waste liquid tank, for drawing alkaline liquid created by the electrolytic bath to a waste liquid tank; a control unit for controlling operation of the atomizing unit, the electrolytic bath, and the pump; and a power supply for driving the pump, electrolytic bath, atomizing unit and control unit.

Abstract: A case (1) stores CDs in a drawer (2) which slides out from between an upper cover (10) and a lower cover (11). The drawer (2) has a handle (19) projecting forwardly from the covers (10, 11) and which can be easily gripped by a user. A CD retainer (21) in the drawer (2) has a lip (23) which grips a CD by snap-fitting over a side edge of the central aperture of the CD. The grip is released by the user simply pressing a push button (25), causing longitudinal movement of the retainer (21) because it is on an arm (24) extending between the button (25) and a resilient anchorage (26).

Abstract: A case for holding two compact discs or the like including first and second cover parts pivotally connected together so that they can be pivoted between a closed position facing each other and an open position. The cover parts and the structure for pivotally connecting them together is of the type for holding a single compact disc. A tray comprises a planar body portion and an anchor portion, the tray body portion including an annular rosette of fingers on each side thereof for releasably securing a compact disc thereto, the tray body and the tray anchor being pivotally connected together and the tray anchor being secured to one of the cover parts. As a result, when the cover parts are pivoted to an open position the tray body can be pivoted about the tray anchor to facilitate installation and removal of compact discs from both sides of the tray body.

Abstract: A core (3) for a caddie bag includes three arc portions (31 to 33) each with a PCCP structure. These arc portions are connected by a hinge portion (34) without the PCCP structure, and the hinge portion is bent to form a cylindrical core. The cylindrical core has one end with a collar (5) attached thereto, and the other end with a bottom member (6) attached thereto. The collar and the bottom member are connected by a frame member (12), whereby a caddie bag (1) is constructed.

Abstract: A package for an article incorporating an on/off switch having a momentary-on position and a continuously-on position is disclosed. The package includes a cover such as a blister-type cover at least partially enclosing the article, and a recess arrangement formed in the cover proximate the switch. The recess arrangement prevents the switch from being slid into the continuously-on position while permitting the switch to be depressed into a momentary-on position. The recess arrangement includes a first recess positioned directly over the switch, and a second recess positioned directly adjacent the switch.

Abstract: Disclosed is a container box for storage and transportation of wafer materials or other precision substrate plates in the electronic industries as well as for automatic loading of the wafer materials on a wafer-processing machine. Several accessoty parts can be mounted on the container box as selected according to the usage conditions of the container box so as to accomplish improvements in the weight decrease, handleableness and storage. The wafer container box consists of a box body having a front opening and a covering thereon and comprises an upper mounting means provided on the top wall of the box body for supporting a robotic flange, a lower side mounting means provided on the outer surface of each of the side walls of the box body for supporting a side rail, and a side mounting means provided on the outer surface of each of the oppositely facing side walls of the box body for supporting a manual handle, each in a demountable fashion.