Abstract: A shelving assembly including at least one shelf member and at least one upright frame member wherein the frame member includes at least vertically arranged couplers and the shelf member includes two other vertically arranged couplers on one lateral edge where the couplers on either the shelf member or frame member include pins and the couplers on the other of the shelf and frame member include slot delineators and where the slot delineators open in the same direction so that, with the pins received within the slot delineators, the shelf member can be detached from the frame member by moving the shelf member in directions perpendicular to pin axis.

Abstract: The device (10) prevents a shaft (110) from rotating. When mounted on the shaft extending between the movement mechanisms (106) of a workstation (100), the device prevents the movement mechanisms from raising or lowering the work surface (102). A pair of fixed hubs (20 and 22) are fixably mounted on the shaft. A rotatable hub (24) is rotatably mounted on the shaft spaced between the fixed hubs. First and second wrap springs (28 and 30) extend between each of the fixed hubs and the rotatable hub. A pair of wrap springs are force fit over the fixed hubs and rotatable hub. The device also includes an anti-release mechanism which prevents release of the device when an additional force is applied to the work surface such that the work surface is out-of-balance.

Abstract: An overhead storage assembly, vendable as a kit, includes a plurality of panels each of a rectangular platform having dimensions that are integer multiples of conventional structural spacing. The panels may be joined to each other to form a common support surface resting on a plurality of transverse support pieces connected at the ends to hanger assemblies that are attached to the overhead structure of a building. Each panel includes a first plurality of parallel elongate elements and a second plurality of elongate elements aligned perpendicular to the first plurality of parallel elements. Each panel, moreover, may include closely paired elongate elements near a longitudinal edge to increase the sectional stiffness of the panel and to facilitate releasable connection of the panels to the traverse support pieces and hanger assemblies. The hanger assemblies may comprise matching upper and lower straps that are secured to each other at selected suspension lengths.

Abstract: A storage device including two opposing side panels, a plurality of shelves and a plurality of crossed support devices. The plurality of shelves interconnect the side panels. The plurality of crossed support devices are capable of being attached to one of a first opening and a second opening. The first opening and the second opening are located opposite one another and provide access to an interior cavity capable of supporting storage materials.

Abstract: An expandable shelf comprising a male member and a female member which are slidingly engaged, each of the members having longitudinal and transverse axes and each being divided into at least two corresponding sections along the transverse axis. Adjacent sections of the male member are separated by a groove parallel to the longitudinal axis, the male member comprising a row of spaced teeth extending from each section into the adjoining groove, the teeth of one section being aligned with the teeth of the adjacent section, each of two adjoining teeth defining a slot therebetween. The female member has an upper wall and has an aperture in the upper wall positioned above the groove when the male and female members are engaged. Also disclosed are a shelf assembly and a method for mounting a shelf onto a shelf assembly.

Abstract: Methods of increasing the throughput of recovery boilers equipped with at least two levels of injection of air are presented, the methods improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler with oxygen enrichment of the air in at least one level of the combustion air system, at or above the secondary air level. One embodiment is a method to retrofit black liquor recovery boilers having a two level air injection system with a third level of oxidant injection below or at the same level as the original secondary air, and oxygen enrichment applied to at least the original secondary air stream and said third level. A preferred method is for the third level to be placed at or close to the same level as black liquor injector ports.

Abstract: An earth working apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus generally includes a frame, a harrow cultivator connected to the frame and adapted to be angled and adjusted for height with respect to the frame, a plow cultivator connected to the frame and adapted to be adjusted for height, a seed and fertilizer dispensing hopper connected to the frame, a drag and compactor device connected to the frame, a height adjustment for setting the soil depth of the harrow cultivator and plow cultivator and an adjustable one-point hitch attachment. The apparatus is adapted to be attached to a wide variety of prime movers.

Abstract: An agricultural planter having left and right hinged wing sections includes seed storage tanks carried by the planter frame and feeding individual row units, mounted fore and aft of the main toolbar, by means of flexible conduits. The tanks are mounted to permit the wings to flex independently to follow ground contour while extending the tanks from a wing section onto the center frame section.

Abstract: The present specification discloses apparatus for transplanting seedlings (24) from a tray (6) that has a plurality of seedling retaining cells (34), into a prepared ground planting position, the apparatus having tray holding means (1), seedling eject means (15, 16, 17) for removing one or more seedlings (24) from the seedling retaining cells (34), seedling delivery means (26, 27, 29) for receiving a seedling (24) ejected from the tray (6) and delivering same via a travel path to a ground planting preparation device (78) arranged to at least partly prepare said ground planting position, seedling holding means (100) associated with the ground planting preparation device arranged to hold a seedling delivered by said seedling delivery means (26, 27, 29), plant plug removal means (82, 83, 85) arranged between said seedling eject means (15, 16, 17) and said seedling holding means (100) to remove any plant plug (84) not containing a seedling viable for planting from said travel path prior to reaching said seedling

Abstract: A carousel-type distribution unit for handling and planting vegetable species, the carousel containing a plurality of conical cups, each whereof is composed of two half-cones which are articulated about substantially horizontal axes, the cups being adapted to contain the vegetable species and to open in order to plant them, the unit further comprises two arms which are fixed to the center of the carousel and are adapted to open two of the cups in order to release the plant species into two respective conveyance channels for guiding into respective internal chambers of respective hollow plowshares, from which the plant species are expelled by respective ejector feet into the furrows of the soil provided by the plowshares and arranged along two mutually staggered adjacent rows.

Abstract: A liquid distribution apparatus for use with a planter, drill or other farming implement having a seed tube that deposits seeds in a furrow. The liquid distribution apparatus includes a supply channel in fluid connection with a hose supplying a liquid to the furrow. The liquid distribution apparatus also includes a distribution channel that is oriented to distribute the liquid onto one or both sidewalls of the furrow. The apparatus may be used alone or along with an extension for reducing seed bounce.

Abstract: A ground-engaging paired row furrow forming tool includes a tool body having fore and aft ends with an outer edge defined on each of two opposing sides of the tool body. A furrowing wing is located adjacent each of the opposing sides and protrudes from bottom portions of the tool body. The tool body has lower surfaces including a central front surface portion which is angled upwards towards the fore end and a center passage is defined between the furrowing wings. This passageway is in part defined by a central rear surface portion which is adapted to be substantially aligned fore to aft in a direction of travel T during operation of the ground engaging tool. This paired row opener works well without compromise in a broad range of soil conditions without fouling and enables planting of seed rows spaced widely apart while minimizing soil surface disturbance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for planting seeds in the ground, comprising an inlet orifice via which an airstream transporting seeds arrives, an outlet orifice via which said seeds are planted in the ground and a device for separating said seeds from the airstream that transports them.

Abstract: A seed planter is pulled behind a tractor and deposits seeds into an underlying trench in soil.

Abstract: A seed metering system includes a first metering member having a first bearing surface and a second metering member having a plurality of seed engaging surfaces adapted to engage seeds and a second bearing surface positioned against the first bearing surface. The second metering member moves relative to the first metering member. At least one depression extends into the second bearing surface opposite the first bearing surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed a material or fabric making or processing operation involving needle penetration of a fiber, fabric or material layer (12) in which the needle penetration action is controlled by control means (18) by which the needle penetration characteristics can be varied within the penetration action and as between penetration actions.

Abstract: A method and system using a novel user display. The user interface device includes a display for a multiple-file, multiple-section or multiple-hoop embroidery designs. The display is coupled to a micro processing device such as a microprocessor, microcomputer, or the like. The display also has a representation a stitch on a first axis of the display. The display also shows a property of the stitch on a second axis of the display, where the second axis intersects the first axis. The property is section identifier, filename, or hoop position. Other features can also be included depending upon the application.

Abstract: The present invention provides an awning, which is excellent in the appearance and the opening and closing operation. Roof cover 3 having a light shielding effect is provided so as to hang down forward above open cabin 2 of cruiser C, transparent window panel 4 is provided and inclined to be in parallel with said roof cover 3, said window panel 4 is made to freely open and close by sliding in the space X between the front end of the roof cover 3 and the front portion of the open cabin at the front side of the roof cover, the opening and closing operability of the window panel 4 is made excellent, and in particular, when the window panel 4 is closed, the form becomes streamline in appearance in which the wind is directed to fall forward from the window panel 4 to the roof cover 3.

Abstract: Apparatus (20) comprising magnetic means in the form of a magnet (22) which is spaced in use from the surface of an object such as a roof R of an emergency Vehicle for example a police car or the like by resilient spacer means in the form of an “O” ring sealing member (24). The magnet (22) is connected to an article such as a light or siren (28) used by emergency services such that the light or siren (28) can be mounted on a vehicle V as required.

Abstract: A control method for use with a crystal puller for growing a monocrystalline semiconductor crystal from a melt according to the Czochralski process. The method includes defining an initial interval of time for observing growth of the crystal being pulled from the melt and determining diameter variations occurring during the interval. Based on the variations in the crystal diameter, the method defines a function r(t). By performing a best fit routine on the function r(t), the method deduces current values of crystal radius rf, meniscus height hf and growth rate Vgf at the end of the observation interval. The method also includes determining pull rate and heater power parameters as a function of the growth rate to control the crystal puller to minimize variations in both crystal diameter and growth rate during subsequent growth of the crystal.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for preparing modafinil, whereby it may be isolated in high purity by a single crystallization. The process produces modafinil free of sulphone products of over-oxidation and other byproducts. The invention further provides new crystalline Forms II-VI of modafinil and processes for preparing them. Each of the new forms is differentiated by a unique powder X-ray diffraction pattern. The invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions containing novel modafinil Forms II-IV and VI.

Abstract: A crystal growth method includes forming a mask layer capable of impeding crystal growth on a substrate in such a way a first nitride semiconductor layer has irregularities at a surface thereof exposed at a window region opened at a part of the mask layer, and growing a second nitride semiconductor layer over a region including the surface of the mask layer through crystal growth from the irregularities. Through-type dislocations can be reliably prevented from propagation due to the discontinuity of crystals at the irregularities and also to lateral crystal growth.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of fabricating a compound semiconductor device, which has an Al-based compound semiconductor layer and is suitable for producing, for example, a semiconductor laser device with a buried structure. The method comprises a first step of sequentially performing vapor growth of a plurality of compound semiconductor layers including an Al-based compound semiconductor layer formed on a semiconductor substrate by using a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), thereby forming a semiconductor multilayer (epitaxial layer) having, for example, a double heterostructure; a second step of selectively etching a specific compound semiconductor layer in the semiconductor multilayer other than the Al-based compound semiconductor layer in the MOCVD using a bromine-based gas, thereby forming a mesa; and a third step of regrowing a predetermined compound semiconductor layer on the semiconductor multilayer in the MOCVD following the etching step.

Abstract: Thickness unevenness of a coating liquid layer in a width direction of a web is adjusted by moving a guide roller at the proximity of a coating rod so as to deliberately provide tension variation in the width direction of the web in purpose of forming the coating liquid layer with a desired thickness on the web by the coating rod.

Abstract: The machine comprises: a mobile rest plane for tiles on which the tiles transit in a predetermined advancement direction; a decorating apparatus which comprises a plurality of cylinders, located above the mobile rest plane; means for setting the plurality of cylinders in rotation each about an axis thereof, and with a predetermined stagger of one of the plurality of cylinders with respect to others of the plurality of cylinders. The means for setting the plurality of cylinders in rotation employ a mechanical transmission of drive to the plurality of cylinders which comprises a driven gear coaxially and solidly associated to each of the plurality of cylinders. The driven gears are drawn in rotation, with couplings allowing no relative dragging, by a chain and have diameters which are different from diameters of the plurality of cylinders to which they are solidly constrained.

Abstract: Provided, among other things, is a re-circulating particle feed apparatus comprising: a circular conduit of dimensions suitable for circulating gas with suspended particles; a deposition station comprising an opening onto the conduit, into which opening an electrostatic chuck fits, with a deposition surface of the chuck available to the interior of the conduit; and a propulsion device for maintaining fluid and particle circulation through the conduit, wherein the propulsion device is adapted to maintain fluid and particle circulation at a rate that brings a deposition effective amount of particles within a range of electro-attractive influence at the deposition station.

Abstract: In a vibrator unit, a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on a base member in a cantilevered manner. A case is formed with a housing space having a bonding area at which a first inner portion of the housing space and a first face of the base member are opposed with a gap. At least one adhesive inlet, from which an adhesive is poured, communicates with the bonding area. At least one air outlet, from which air remaining in the bonding area is expelled as the poured adhesive fills the gap is provided.

Abstract: A treatment solution supply apparatus according to the present invention is a treatment solution supply apparatus for supplying a treatment solution onto a substrate which is disposed in a predetermined processing position on a mounting portion, comprising a treatment solution supply nozzle for supplying the treatment solution onto the substrate and a nozzle holder for releasably holding the treatment solution supply nozzle. The treatment solution supply nozzle is disposed in a predetermined stand-by position and the nozzle holder is movable in three dimensions. The movability of the nozzle holder in three dimensions makes it possible to finely adjust the position of the treatment solution supply nozzle and thereby, supply the treatment solution accurately to an appropriate position on the substrate.

Abstract: In a liquid substance supply device, a three port two valve directional control valve is provided in a transfer line, and a substance container and the transfer line are connected together by a four port three valve directional control valve in such a way that the four port three valve directional control valve and the substance container can be removed from the transfer line as a unit. Furthermore, in a vaporizer, an orifice member is provided to surround the end portion of an internal conduit in which flows a mixture substance consisting of a gas and a liquid substance mixed therewith, and gas for atomization is spouted into a vaporization chamber through a gap defined between the internal conduit and the orifice member. Yet further, the temperature of a vaporization surface in the vaporization chamber can be controlled independently in correspondence with the nature of the liquid substance.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an ALD method including: respectively loading a plurality of substrates into a plurality of reaction cells, the plurality of reaction cells being disposed in a reaction chamber isolated from an exterior condition; alternately and repeatedly applying various vapor substances onto each substrate such that a thin film is formed on each substrate, wherein a plurality of vapor injection pipes each injecting one of the vapor substances periodically scans over each substrate to apply the various vapor substances alternately and repeatedly onto each substrate.

Abstract: A novel microisolation container for laboratory animals or other species includes a rectangular, transparent base containing an intake port at the lower front end and a detachable top sealingly attached to the base which contains an exhaust port in the end opposite the intake port. The intake and exhaust ports are preferably covered with a filter membrane which excludes airborne contaminants. The interior of the top is contoured to provide a domed sloping ceiling for the container, the lower portion being adjacent the intake or front end of the container and the upper portion being adjacent the exhaust or rear end. Preferred embodiments include a feeder assembly which is supported by perforated supports which serve as shelter for the animals. The front and rear ports, the contoured ceiling and the feeder design aid in the laminar flow of air through the cage. A perforated floor, absorbent insert and disposable waste bag can be included in the base of the cage.

Abstract: An ice pack for an animal such as horse includes a main panel sized to fit over a horse's back and sides. The main panel includes side sections extending from opposite sides of a center section. A plurality of ice pockets are attached to each of the side sections of the main panel and preferably also to the center section of the main panel. The ice pockets contain ice to facilitate the application of ice to a horse. A strap secured to the main panel secures the main panel to the horse.

Abstract: An animal jaw support device for use on guinea pigs, chinchillas, rabbits and other small mammals supports the jaw of an animal having weakened jaw muscles and permits the animal to strengthen its jaw muscles by opening its jaw against the elastic pressure of the device. The support device wraps around the head and jaw of the animal, is made of neoprene or other elastic material and has attachment straps to hold the device snugly in place.

Abstract: Inner peripheral grooves for transporting a liquid of a working fluid in the longitudinal direction of a first wick are provided along the first wick which transports the liquid contained in the evaporator to a heating portion in the evaporator by capillary force, and a liquid supply portion for supplying the liquid of the working fluid is further provided to the inner peripheral grooves. Therefore, the liquid of the working fluid can be efficiently supplied to the inner peripheral surface of the first wick with a simple structure, so that a loop type heat pipe which can be constantly stably operated can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement for introducing black liquor into a furnace of a recovery boiler, said arrangement comprising an elongated tube having an interior surface and an exterior surface, through which tube the black liquor being fed into the furnace is supplied, whereby the black liquor is taken into contact with said interior surface prior to being sprayed into the furnace. The interior surface of said elongated tube is provided with heat transfer elements and surfaces, such as fins or grooves. The heat transfer element or surface increases the heat conductivity between the tube and the black liquor above the conductivity achieved with a normal tube passage.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and its method of operation which is designed to operate on a six-stroke cycle and which may include at least one but preferably a plurality of piston and cylinder assemblies each of which are characterized by a cylinder having a piston reciprocally mounted therein and intake an exhaust valves cooperatively mounted to regulate fluid flow into and out of the cylinder. An injection assembly is connected to each of the piston and cylinder assemblies and structured to inject water into the cylinder during a predetermined portion of the six-stroke cycle. A central processor is at least partially responsive to data received from a sensor assembly associated with on the internal combustion engine at strategic locations so as to determine the energy content within the one or more cylinders and thereby regulate and control the timing and quantity of the injected water.

Abstract: In a cooling circuit for an internal combustion engine including a cylinder block with a cylinder head wherein the cooling circuit includes a coolant pump with a coolant duct extending from the pump to the engine for supplying coolant thereto, the coolant duct includes a valve arranged between the coolant pump and the engine for controlling the flow of coolant through the coolant duct to the engine.

Abstract: A thermostatic valve for an internal combustion engine cooling system comprises a valve housing, a temperature-sensitive operating element, and a closure member adjustably movable by the operating element. The valve housing comprises a radiator connection opening, an engine connection opening, and a auxiliary connection opening, and defines a radiator coolant flow path between the radiator connection opening and the auxiliary connection opening, a short circuit coolant flow path between the engine connection opening and the auxiliary connection opening. Each of the radiator and short circuit coolant flow paths pass around the operating element. The closure member is movable to a first position wherein the radiator connection opening is interrupted and the engine connection opening is opened and to a second position wherein the radiator connection opening is opened and the engine connection opening is interrupted.

Abstract: A reciprocating mechanism for use in an engine comprises a reciprocating member which is movable in a substantially linear reciprocating direction between two ends of travel, a piston provided on the reciprocating member, and a constant breadth cam and follower, the follower being coupled directly to the reciprocating member to translate linear movement of the reciprocating member into rotary motion of the cam, and the mechanism being such that movement of the reciprocating member at the two ends of its travel is reversed in dependence upon the rotation of the cam, the follower lying to the side of the piston bore and the piston being rigidly mounted to the reciprocating member.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine consisting of one ore more individual pairs of units. Each pair of units form a separate sub-assembly and each unit is arranged in axially spaced and opposing fashion relative to one another. Each of the unit pairs further includes a piston movable within a cylinder and a connecting rod extending therefrom. One or more arms extend from each of the connecting rods, the arms are each guidably and rotatably restrained by a substantially spiral shaped and curved pattern defined within a unit housing. Each connecting rod terminates in an axially open and interiorly hollowed sleeve which is axially reciprocated and rotated. A unit shaft includes an upper end journaled within the associated sleeve. The sleeve is independently axially reciprocatable, while rotatably constrained to the associated unit shaft. The unit shafts each connect to an opposite facing side of a sub-assembly gear, through an associated clutch and/or synchronization system.

Abstract: Crankcase scavenged two-stroke internal combustion engine (1), in which a piston ported air passage is arranged between an air inlet (2) and the upper part of a number of transfer ducts (3, 3′). The air passage is arranged from an air inlet (2) equipped with a restriction valve (4), controlled by at least one engine parameter, for instance the carburetor throttle control. The air inlet extends via at least one connecting duct (6, 6′) to at least one connecting port (8, 8′) in the engine's cylinder wall (12). The connecting port (8, 8′) is arranged so that it in connection with piston positions at the top dead center is connected with flow paths (10, 10′) embodied in the piston (13), which extend to the upper part of a number of transfer ducts (3, 3′).

Abstract: A variable compression ratio mechanism for a reciprocating internal combustion engine includes upper and lower links mechanically linking a piston pin of a piston to a crankpin, and a control link mechanically linking the lower link to an eccentric cam of a control shaft. Also provided is a control-shaft actuator capable of continuously reducing a compression ratio by driving the control shaft in a first rotational direction and of continuously increasing the compression ratio by driving the control shaft in a second rotational direction opposite to the first rotational direction, so that the compression ratio is controlled to a low value in accordance with an increase in engine speed and/or engine load. A distance from the center of the control shaft to a centerline of the control link, measured with the piston near top dead center, is dimensioned so that the distance continuously decreases as the compression ratio decreases.

Abstract: A piston-type internal-combustion engine has an apparatus for shifting the crankshaft axis to vary the compression ratio. The apparatus has eccentric rings rotatably supported in the engine block. The crankshaft is eccentrically supported in the rings whereby the crankshaft axis is radially spaced from the ring axis. A setting arm, carrying a toothed element, projects from each ring. A setting shaft is rotatably supported on the engine block parallel to the crankshaft. Pinion elements are provided, each having a first pinion fixedly secured to the setting shaft and meshing with the toothed element of one of the setting arms and a second pinion rotatable relative to the first pinion and meshing with the toothed element of one of the setting arms. A resilient connecting member couples the first and second pinions to one another and resiliently resists a rotation of the first and second pinions relative to one another.

Abstract: A valve timing adjusting apparatus of an internal combustion engine in which number of lock pins is decreased is provided.

Abstract: In a valve timing adjusting apparatus, a locking hole 8 is formed in the external peripheral surface P of the boss of a rotor 3, into which the end portion of a locking pin 7a of the locking mechanism 7 is fitted when the rotor 3 is at the most advanced position, and in the external peripheral surface of the rotor, there is further formed a stepped portion 9 in a continuing manner from the locking hole 8 at a position deviated from the locking hole either in the advancing direction or the retarding direction in such a manner that it is formed lower than the external peripheral surface P, yet higher than the bottom of the locking hole 8, having two tapers 10, 11 respectively at the boarder between the stepped portion 9 and the external peripheral surface P, and that between the stepped portion 9 and the locking hole 8.

Abstract: A four-cycle engine for a marine drive includes an improved construction. The engine has an air induction device for introducing air to a combustion chamber. The air induction device defines an intake port next to the combustion chamber. An intake valve is movable between open and closed positions of the intake port. A valve actuator is journaled on the engine body for rotation to actuate the intake valve at a set angular position. A variable valve timing (VVT) mechanism is arranged to set the valve actuator to the angular position between advanced and delayed angular positions. A dedicated oil pump supplies pressurized oil to an oil control valve, which regulates and controls the VVT mechanism. A lubricant oil pump supplies pressurized oil to an engine lubrication system.

Abstract: A lever-type cam follower (1) of a thin-walled material like sheet metal is proposed. It has a simply structured valve stem guidance in the region of one of its ends (5). The guidance comprises a separate securing element (6) with a basically U-shaped cross-section. A web (9) of the securing element (6) bears against a crossbeam (3) of the cam follower (1) and possesses an opening (11), for example punched, for receiving a valve stem.

Abstract: A resin intake manifold includes a chamber section having an intake port which leads to a throttle body 91, and a plurality of pipe sections 7 which connect interior of the chamber section to cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. The chamber section is made up of a plurality of port members 1 coupled together, each port member 1 including the pipe section 7 and a cylindrical section 6 whose external wall is connected to an end of the pipe section 7.

Abstract: A rubber hose of an air supply assembly is secured to a resonator by an inserted internal tube. A tapered insertion end of the internal tube is inserted into the rubber hose and slides along an angled surface of the rubber hose. The tapered insertion end presses the rubber hose against a hose neck of the resonator to retain and seal the rubber hose. A retention end of the internal tube secures the tube to the resonator. The retention end includes a recessed portion positioned between a pair of flanges. The tube neck of the resonator engages the recessed portion, the flanges securing the internal tube in place.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine which is capable of reducing the number of pieces constituting the main body, thereby making it possible to reduce the number of parts such as assembling bolts and hence to reduce the manufacturing cost as well as the weight thereof while ensuring the rigidness of the main body. The main body of engine essentially consists of a cylinder portion in which a piston is adapted to be fittingly inserted; and a crankcase portion in which a crank shaft is rotatably supported via a bearing; wherein the crankcase portion is constructed such that it is split into an upper crankcase portion and a lower crankcase portion by a horizontal plane which passes through a central axial line of the crankshaft, where the upper crankcase portion is integrated with the cylinder portion, thus forming an integral cylinder-case, and a fan case base is formed integral with the lower crankcase portion.