Abstract: A system and method for the treatment of ocular collagen connective tissue comprises identifying a portion of the ocular collagen connective tissue having a connector portion which transitions into the ciliary muscle and the lens of an eye. A source of energy is then directed at at least one selected site along the portion of the connective tissue, the amount of energy being sufficient to cause longitudinal shrinkage in the length of connective tissue.

Abstract: A manually activated Peltier device was placed in direct contact with a cortical slice. Seizures terminated within seconds of the onset of cooling, sometimes preceding a detectable drop in temperature measured near the top of the slice. Activation of the Peltier did not stop seizures when slices were no longer in direct physical contact with the device, indicating that this was not a field effect. When cooling was shut off and temperature returned to 33° C., the bursting sometimes returned, but a longer term suppressive effect on seizure activity could be observed. In two experiments, a custom computer program automatically detected seizure discharges and triggered a TTL pulse to activate the Peltier. In these experiments the Peltier automatically terminated the slice bursting in less than four seconds. When the Peltier device was placed in contact with the normal, exposed cortex of a newborn pig, we found that the cortical temperature rapidly decreased from 36° C. to as low as 26° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and device for heating or cooling a surrounding fluid in a feeding vessel. The device includes a catheter assembly capable of insertion to a selected feeding vessel in the vascular system of a patient. The assembly includes a heat transfer element at a distal end of the catheter assembly, the heat transfer element having a plurality of exterior surface irregularities shaped and arranged to create turbulence in a surrounding fluid, the surface irregularities having a depth at least equal to the boundary layer thickness of flow of the surrounding fluid in the feeding vessel. The assembly also includes a supply catheter to deliver a working fluid to an interior of the heat transfer element, a return catheter to return a working fluid from the interior of the heat transfer element, and a drug delivery catheter running substantially parallel to the axis of the catheter assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus for elution of drugs and radiographic visualization that is formed from a polymeric material mixed with a drug and a radiopaque material. The drug and radiopaque material are dispersed through the polymer and the combination is formed into a solid shape having structural integrity.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead, a system for providing electrical stimulation or sensing using such a lead, and methods of implanting, making and using same are described. The lead includes a rapidly connectable and/or interchangeable distal line that may be attached to a connector located distally from a distal end of a stimulating electrode. The rapidly connectable or interchangeable line may be sutured to a patient's muscle or other tissue. A physician may select a distal suture line of the present invention on the basis of the desired characteristics of the line, and then connect, secure or attach same to the lead body just prior to the surgical operation in which the stimulating or sensing medical electrical lead of the present invention is to be employed. The desired characteristics of the suture line may relate to thickness or diameter, length, the material from which the line is made, biodegradability, and the like.

Abstract: A method of positioning a main stent at a vessel bifurcation such that a side opening in the main stent is positioned at the ostium of a branch vessel, comprising: positioning a main guidewire in the main vessel such that a distal end of the main guidewire extends past the bifurcation; advancing a stent delivery system to a position proximate the bifurcation, the stent delivery system comprising a catheter with a flexible side sheath attached thereto, wherein the catheter is received over the main guidewire, and wherein the main stent is positioned over the catheter with the flexible side sheath positioned to pass through the interior of the main stent and out of the side opening in the main stent; advancing a branch guidewire through the flexible side sheath attached to the catheter and into the branch vessel; and subsequently, advancing the catheter over the main guidewire while advancing the flexible side sheath over the branch guidewire while viewing relative movement of a marker positioned on the flexibl

Abstract: A balloon catheter comprises an inner tube, a medical balloon and an inflation lumen. The medical balloon is disposed about the inner tube and in fluid communication with the inflation lumen. A collapsible portion of the inner tube is constructed to collapse inward upon delivery of an inflation fluid to the medical balloon to secure the inner tube to the guidewire.

Abstract: A catheter assembly is provided having an inner member and an outer member extending along a longitudinal axis, the inner member and the outer member having a coaxial configuration and dimensioned for relative axial movement. The outer member has a wall defining a longitudinal slot; a leaf spring is connected to the inner member, the leaf spring being adapted to engage with the longitudinal slot so as to maintain rotational alignment between inner member and outer member.

Abstract: A control device and mechanism for deploying a self-expanding medical device includes an actuating mechanism which allows the user to retract a restraining sheath from the self-expanding medical device by using a motion that is in angle to the line of motion of the restraining sheath, which helps prevent movement of the catheter portion of the control device within the patient. The control mechanism allows the physician to obtain a longer retracting stroke to the restraining sheath with a shorter actuating motion reducing the amount of manual actuation needed to be performed by the physician when retracting the sheath. The control mechanism can also reduce the amount of actuating force needed to retract the restraining sheath by utilizing springs or biasing members in connection with the actuating mechanism which combines with the actuating force supplied by the physician to cause the retraction of the restraining sheath.

Abstract: An endoluminal prosthetic delivery system provides a delivery sheath possessing a yield strength capable of allowing implantation of the prosthesis with increased efficiency. An endoluminal prosthesis is inserted in a body in a radially compressed condition, and expanded at an implantation site, whereby a delivery sheath or the prosthesis itself possesses a yield strength sufficient to allow radial expansion of the prosthesis. A method of implanting an endoluminal prosthesis is also herein provided.

Abstract: A catheter apparatus includes a lesion dilating member disposable at a lesion position in a vessel (e.g. a patient's artery) which is dilatable to open the vessel at the lesion position. An emboli-capturing assembly having a perfusion member and filter is displaced downstream from the lesion dilating member to capture embolic debris released in the fluid flow. The perfusion member may illustratively have peaks and channels formed between adjacent peaks which cooperate with the filter to create trapping pockets that capture embolic debris. The filter may be made from any flexible and porous material with dimensions to pass the fluid and block the emboli. The perfusion member is thereafter deflated to provide for emboli retention in the perfusion member.

Abstract: A radially expandable stent-graft endoprosthesis is provided. The graft included in the stent-graft is a knitted tubular structure circumferentially disposed and securably attached to the stent. The knitted tubular structure has a knit pattern of interlacing yarns in an Atlas or a modified-Atlas pattern to provide greater than 150 percent longitudinal stretchability. A knitted tubular graft and a knitted medical fabric with greater than 150 percent longitudinal stretchability are also provided.

Abstract: A stent-graft assembly having a thin-walled membrane and method of preparing the same are disclosed. In a first embodiment, the assembly comprises a stent, a coating and a porous membrane, wherein the membrane is less than 0.040 inch thick or less. Portions of the coating extend into the pores of the thin membrane to sealingly engage the membrane to achieve secure adhesion. In a second embodiment the coating and thin membrane bond to form a homogenous structure. In an alternative embodiment, the assembly comprises an inner and outer thin membrane bound to one another through the interstices of the support member and a coating at the proximal and distal regions. In any of the foregoing embodiments, the proximal and distal regions of the stent-graft assembly may comprise an additional coating, whereby layers of material are sealed, thereby minimizing thrombogenic potential of free ends of the assembly.

Abstract: A radiopaque stent may be prepared by providing a stent preform, providing a particulate radiopaque material on at least a portion of the stent preform, pressing the particulate radiopaque material into a desired portion of the stent preform and processing the stent preform into a stent.

Abstract: A stent for use at an implant site in a vessel having recesses containing one or more active agents. The stent is a tubular body having a plurality of sinusoidal shaped annular elements and connection elements. The recesses are formed so as to leave substantially unaltered the bending moments of these elements. The recesses may be continuous or discontinuous and may be distributed uniformly or nonuniformly.

Abstract: A coated implantable medical device 10 includes a structure 12 adapted for introduction into the vascular system, esophagus, trachea, colon, biliary tract, or urinary tract; at least one coating layer 16 posited on one surface of the structure; and at least one layer 18 of a bioactive material posited on at least a portion of the coating layer 16, wherein the coating layer 16 provides for the controlled release of the bioactive material from the coating layer. In addition, at least one porous layer 20 can be posited over the bioactive material layer 18, wherein the porous layer includes a polymer and provides for the controlled release of the bioactive material therethrough. Preferably, the structure 12 is a coronary stent. The porous layer 20 includes a polymer applied preferably by vapor or plasma deposition and provides for a controlled release of the bioactive material.

Abstract: A coated implantable medical device 10 includes a structure 12 adapted for introduction into the vascular system, esophagus, trachea, colon, biliary tract, or urinary tract; at least one coating layer 16 posited on one surface of the structure; and at least one layer 18 of a bioactive material posited on at least a portion of the coating layer 16, wherein the coating layer 16 provides for the controlled release of the bioactive material from the coating layer. In addition, at least one porous layer 20 can be posited over the bioactive material layer 18, wherein the porous layer includes a polymer and provides for the controlled release of the bioactive material therethrough. Preferably, the structure 12 is a coronary stent. The porous layer 20 includes a polymer applied preferably by vapor or plasma deposition and provides for a controlled release of the bioactive material.

Abstract: A coiled stent graft (10), including a thrombolytic agent, is positionable within an AV fistula (4) and optionally into one or both of the artery (9) and the vein (6) to help reduce or eliminate blockages within the blood vessel at the junction (8) between the AV fistula and the blood vessel.

Abstract: Implantable medical grafts fabricated of metallic or pseudometallic films of biocompatible materials having a plurality of microperforations passing through the film in a pattern that imparts fabric-like qualities to the graft or permits the geometric deformation of the graft. The implantable graft is preferably fabricated by vacuum deposition of metallic and/or pseudometallic materials into either single or multi-layered structures with the plurality of microperforations either being formed during deposition or after deposition by selective removal of sections of the deposited film. The implantable medical grafts are suitable for use as endoluminal or surgical grafts and may be used as vascular grafts, stent-grafts, skin grafts, shunts, bone grafts, surgical patches, non-vascular conduits, valvular leaflets, filters, occlusion membranes, artificial sphincters, tendons and ligaments.

Abstract: A method of cutting material for use in an implantable medical device employs a plotted laser cutting system. The laser cutting system is computer controlled and includes a laser combined with a motion system. The laser precisely cuts segments out of source material according to a predetermined pattern as designated by the computer. The segments are used in constructing implantable medical devices. The cutting energy of the laser is selected so that the cut edges of the segments are melted to discourage delamination or fraying, but communication of thermal energy into the segment beyond the edge is minimized to avoid damaging the segment adjacent the edge.

Abstract: Surgical correction of presbyopia and hyperopia by a circularly distributed assembly of mini-bridges implanted between the interior surfaces of the ciliary muscle and the exterior surface of the lens capsule, for augmenting the transmission of the contraction force of the ciliary muscle/zonule assembly to the lens capsule. The lens is symmetrically squeezed by mini-bridges acting in concert with the ciliary muscle thus changing the curvature of the lens. The mini-bridges are composite synthetic muscles comprising either passive biocompatible mini-bridges made with polymeric gels, silicone polymers or a composite, electromagnetically or mechanically deployable mini-bridges, inflatable balloons or synthetic muscles. The surgical procedure comprises using a ciliary muscle relaxant to stretch the lens/zonules/ciliary muscle assembly.

Abstract: The intervertebral implant has two mutually opposite main faces (8, 10), at least one of which faces (8) has mutually parallel shaped teeth (12). The general shape of the profile of said toothed face (8) in at least one plane extending transversely to said face, is not rectilinear.

Abstract: Cephalad and caudal vertebral facet joint prostheses and methods of use are provided. The prostheses provide an artificial facet joint structure including an artificial articular configuration unlike the preexisting articular configuration. The radii and material stress values of the prostheses are configured to sustain contact stress. The cephalad prosthesis provides for posterior-anterior adjustment. Both prostheses permit lateral adjustment and adjustment to accomodate interpedicle distance. Further, the prostheses may be customized to provide a pre-defined lordotic angle and a pre-defined pedicle entry angle.

Abstract: Methods and instruments for preparing a disc space and for forming interbody devices therein are provided. The instruments include distractors having enlargeable portions positionable in the disc space for distracting the disc space. The enlargeable portions can also provide form about or against which an interbody device of a first material is placed. A second material may be placed in the disc space in the space previously occupied by the distractors.

Abstract: An intervertebral space distraction and implantable device assembly provides sequentially axially wider spacers that are to be sequentially inserted into and removed from an intervertebral space to widen the space until a desired anatomical spacing of the adjacent vertebral bones is restored. The set of spacers includes a porous spacer that is as wide as the spacer that restores the desired anatomical spacing. The porous spacer can therefore be left implanted in the intervertebral space to promote fusion of the adjacent vertebral bones.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a modular shoulder prosthesis having an adjustable radial offset and/or angular inclination provided by relative rotation of an adapter interdisposed between the stem and the head. Specifically, the interface configuration between the stem and the adapter, as well as between the adapter and the head are designed such that relative positioning of these components provides a continuous adjustment in the radial offset and/or angular inclination. Indicia are provided at the interface between the adapter and the head to precisely determine the magnitude and direction of the adjustment being made.

Abstract: Orthopedic implants which includes the components of zirconium or zirconium-based alloys having surfaces coated with oxidized zirconium or alternatively, other orthopedic implants comprising abrasion resistant surfaces contacting surfaces of cross-linked polyethylene are disclosed. Such implants provide low friction, highly wear resistant coatings especially useful in artificial joints, such as hip joints, knee joints, elbows, etc., but also useful in other implant devices as well.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exoluminal stent. The stent includes a bioabsorbable matrix having a plurality of apertures passing therethrough. The matrix is capable of being dimensioned and configured to complement an external diameter of a vessel to be stented. The stent can be adhered to the outer diameter of the vessel to be stented via sutures that pass through the apertures in the matrix.

Abstract: A prosthetic foot incorporate a foot keel and a calf shank connected to the foot keel to form an ankle joint area of the prosthetic foot. The foot keel has forefoot and hindfoot portions and a relatively long midfoot portion extending between and upwardly arched from the forefoot and midfoot portions. The calf shank includes a downward convexly curved lower end which is attached at a portion thereof to the keel midfoot portion by way of an adjustable fastener arrangement. The foot has biplanar motion capability and, in a preferred form, also has high low dynamic response characteristics. The adjustable fastener arrangement permits adjustment of the alignment of the calf shank and the foot keel with respect to one another in the longitudinal direction of the foot keel for tuning the performance of the prosthetic foot.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention is an actuator controller for use in an actuator assembly. The actuator controller includes a processor for controlling an actuator associated with the actuator controller. A communication device is in communication with the processor. The communication device receives control commands from a master controller and is capable of communicating in multiple languages. A memory is accessible by the processor and the processor determines the language of the control commands and retrieves a control program from the memory corresponding to the language.

Abstract: An appliance controller includes memory that stores program instructions for operation of the various operating characteristics, modes, states, cycles, and/or the like of the appliance. The memory is accessible through a network, either public (i.e. the Internet) or private via an integral interface. The program instructions may be provided to the memory via the network to modify, exchange and/or alter existing program instructions and/or provide new program instructions. The network and/or program instructions may also provide diagnostics and communication capabilities.

Abstract: A household appliance is provided with a visual display, as well as a control system which enables the visual display to be used in an advertising mode of operation. The advertising mode can be selectively operated in either automatic or interactive formats. In the automatic format, a series of screens are successively displayed on the screen in order to advertise various features and advantages of the appliance. In the interactive format, the consumer can enter desired selections through the screen as if the appliance was actually in use. The appliance then simulates an operation cycle based on the selections made. The selections are preferably stored in a volatile memory location such that the control system reverts back to default settings and options, either after a preset idle period or upon establishing an OFF condition for the appliance.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is directed to a control system. The control system may be adapted to control one or more lighting systems (e.g. stand-alone or networked lighting systems). The control system may also have a user interface (e.g. dial or button) such that a user can make a program selection and/or alter a lighting control feature. The control system may also include an enablement system. In an embodiment, the enablement system may be arranged to provide a user and/or installer with the ability to enable a program, program setting or the like. For example, the control system may be programmed with three lighting control programs and the user may only want to select from two of the three programs once the control system is installed. The user may make a selection on the enablement system such that only the two desired programs are available from through the user interface.

Abstract: An appliance controller includes a plurality of LEDs that are configured annularly about a control knob of the appliance controller. The LEDs are operated so as to indicate status of the operation of the appliance when the appliance is in a run mode. In one form, the appliance controller illuminates one of the LEDs to indicate at what point the appliance is in its cycle of operation. When the appliance is in a stop mode, the LEDs are operated to indicate where the control knob is positioned when a user is selecting a particular operation with the appliance controller. In one form, as a user rotates the control knob, the appliance controller determines the rotational or angular location of the knob, particularly via a selection indicator of the knob, and illuminates a corresponding LED.

Abstract: A control system for a throttle valve actuating device is disclosed. The throttle valve actuating device includes a throttle valve of an internal combustion engine and an actuator for actuating the throttle valve. The control system includes a predictor for predicting a future throttle valve opening and controls the throttle actuating device according to the throttle valve opening predicted by the predictor so that the throttle valve opening coincides with a target opening.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for adaptive control which models marginally stable systems by creating a reference or disturbance model to account for the slope of the process variable being constant for different control inputs to the process.

Abstract: A control system for a plant, includes a sliding mode controller for controlling the plant with a sliding mode control. The sliding mode controller controls the plant using a switching function defined as a linear function of a deviation between an output of the plant and a control target value, and changes the switching function according to at least one of a parameter indicative of the output of the plant and a parameter indicative of an amount of change in the output of the plant.

Abstract: Kiln/cooler control and upset recovery using a combination of model predictive control and expert systems. A method for controlling a non-linear process includes the steps of first providing a controller that is operable to receive inputs representing measured variables of the process and predicting on an output of the controller predicted control values for manipulatible variables that control the process. An expert system is provided that models the actions of an operator of the process over an operating region of the process that represents a set of rules for actions to be taken by an operator upon the occurrence of predetermined conditions in the operation of the process. The operation of the controller is overridden with the expert system when one of the predetermined conditions exists and taking the associated action by the expert system to control the operation of the process by changing one or more of the manipulatible variables.

Abstract: The invention is directed to acquiring and processing parameters used to adjust and tune a controller used, for example, to govern and compensate for motion, including vibrations and disturbances, in a physical system, such as a piece of manufacturing equipment. The invention may also be used to control, for example, a robot or other spatially dependent machine. Included in the invention are systems and methods for generating a controller, and for controlling motion in a physical system or apparatus.

Abstract: A system, method, and article of manufacture suitable for determining setpoints of the control variables to optimize the process while taking into account the process-limiting variables in applications where responses are highly non-linear. In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises determining an actual rate of change of a performance limiting process parameter; calculating a predicted rate of change for the performance limiting process parameter for a predetermined future time interval; and adjusting a setpoint for the control variables to optimize the process while taking into account the performance limiting process parameter using the actual rate of change and the predicted rate of change.

Abstract: A process plant uses an asset utilization expert to collect data or information pertaining to the assets of the process plant from various sources or functional areas of the plant including, for example, the process control functional areas, the maintenance functional areas and the business systems functional areas. This data and information is stored in a database and is sent to and manipulated in a coordinated manner by tools, such as optimization and modeling tools. This data is also redistributed to other areas or tools where it is used to perform overall better or more optimal control, maintenance and business activities. Information or data may be collected by maintenance functions pertaining to the health, variability, performance or utilization of a device, loop, unit, etc. and this information may then be sent to and displayed to a process operator or maintenance person to inform that person of a current or future problem.

Abstract: An industrial plant asset management system comprising of a synchronized multiple view graphical user interface combining simultaneous real time and database display capability, a database including a knowledge manager and having input and output interfaces, a normalizing data acquisition module with real time and database interfaces, and a variety of device dependent data collector modules with associated signal conditioning and processing devices for providing an environment for development and deployment of visual models for monitoring plant assets.

Abstract: An appliance controller includes a plurality of auxiliary inputs for adjusting parameters of appliance operation such as washing machine operation (e.g. water temperature, rinse options, water level, speeds and/or the like). Each auxiliary input unit acts as a low power potentiometer. The various auxiliary units are connected in series. Each auxiliary unit produces a variable resistance based on position of a control knob of the auxiliary unit. The auxiliary inputs cooperate with each other to produce a unique aggregate resistance signal for the particular arrangement of users knobs of the various auxiliary input units. This unique resistance signal is sent to the processor thereby providing user selection information relating to the various auxiliary input units to the processor. In one form, each auxiliary input unit requires only two wires thereby eliminating a substantial amount of wiring.

Abstract: A solid state appliance controller includes circuitry formed on a circuit board, the circuitry defining a voltage trace in communication with a voltage source, a first state trace, and a second state trace. The first and second state traces are in communication with a processor. A user selection knob is operative to allow a user to select an operating mode of the appliance by rotating the user selection knob. A wiper assembly is coupled to the user selection knob for rotation therewith. The wiper assembly has a voltage finger operative to be in contact with the voltage trace so as to continuously receive a voltage therefrom during rotation of the selection knob. A first finger is operative to intermittently contact the first trace in accordance with a first pattern thereof wherein contact provides the voltage to the first trace during rotation of the selection knob.

Abstract: An audio data delivery apparatus is disclosed including a data server and a license server. The data server stores audio data on a plurality of recording media. When audio data on a recording medium is recorded in a terminal, the terminal transmits a reproduction key issuance request to the license server for reproducing the audio data. In response to the issuance request from the terminal, the license server issues a reproduction key to the terminal for reproducing the audio data on the recording medium indicated by the terminal. The terminal stores the reproduction key issued by the license server in a memory as the audio data on the recording medium. When audio data on a recording medium is reproduced in the terminal, the terminal reads a reproduction key from the memory, and transmits a reproduction request including this reproduction key to the license server.

Abstract: The invention is a system for recording and reading both program data and acoustical control data and playing back the data to optimize performance of audio reproduction and recreate the effect of an original acoustic environment. The system has a recording apparatus, a playback apparatus and a recording media. The recording apparatus produces recording media having both acoustic control information and audio data. The playback apparatus gives the user some ability to override otherwise automatic parameter adjustments. Optionally, a metadata display system takes information about the physical arrangement of instruments and other characteristics of the recording session and the recording studio and makes that visually available to the listener. A player type register identifies the characteristics of the playback device to cause an adjustment of the characteristics of the playback system.

Abstract: An alarm event generation method and apparatus for signaling an alarm (436, 1400) for a process control system (100). The process control system (100) monitors a production run using a computer system (108). The computer system (108) collects process data corresponding to the production run from operator workstations (104, 106) and stores the process data in a process data database (110). The process data includes a plurality of process parameter counts (430) each corresponding to a process parameter type (428). The process parameter counts (430) are polled from the computer system (108). Each process parameter count (430) has a corresponding manufacturing limit (434) to which it is compared. When a polled process parameter count (430) exceeds its corresponding manufacturing limit (434), an alarm (436, 1400) is signaled. While an alarm (436, 1400) is being signaled, the computer system (108) is prevented from collecting and storing process data.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods that modify an allocation solution for a plurality of implementation units based on a determination of whether the solution can be improved by changing the operation of the implementation units.

Abstract: A method and system for allowing a vehicle dealer and manufacturer to match dealer orders and manufacturing plant shipments easily and equitably are disclosed. The method significantly decreases processing time, saving valuable time, money, and manpower resources. An automated linear expression calculation for determining and balancing vehicle allocation allows for equitable balancing of manufacturing plant orders and efficient optimization. The linear expression calculation may be performed in an iterative series of steps. The linear expression calculation handles a plurality of attribute features, thereby accommodating a plurality of dealer requests and vehicle options. The linear expression calculation creates a matrix representing the plurality of attribute features, and with each iteration the values within the matrix are refined and optimized, with the resulting matrix representing an optimized and balanced allocation of manufacturing plant production orders among a plurality of manufacturing plants.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for calculating the fractional exposure of black and white photographic material, the developed material being processed in a processing system having a fixing stage and an in-line silver recovery unit associated with the fixing stage, comprising the steps of determining the mass of silver recovered by the in-line silver recovery unit during a period of operation of the method, calculating a first estimate for the fractional exposure of the photographic material in dependence on the determined mass of silver and, using said first estimate as an input to an iterative process, to calculate a subsequent estimate for the fractional exposure (&thgr;) of the photographic material. The invention provides a simple and accurate method and system for calculating the fractional exposure of photographic material without requiring the use of a silver sensor.