Abstract: When a SW (113) is not pressed, fetched image data for one frame undergoes an MPEG compression process, and the compressed image data is temporarily stored in a buffer (107d). When the SW (113) is pressed, fetched image data for one frame undergoes a JPEG compression process, and image data for the next and subsequent frames undergo an MPEG compression process and are additionally stored at the end position of the buffer (107d). If a timer has reached a time-out, a JPEG file is generated based on JPEG-compressed data, and an MPEG file is generated based on MPEG-compressed data for a plurality of frames stored in the buffer (107d).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for constructing an imaging system with optics related image defect correction. These defects include but are not limited to vignetting, distortion, sharpness, etc. The optics related defect correction is implemented in either the optics device hardware, firmware or software, or the host device hardware, firmware or software or any hardware, firmware, software or host, client hardware, firmware, software combination thereof The optics related defect correction is used to optimize either image system cost, performance, form factor or any combination thereof.

Abstract: There is provided a digital camera, which is provided with an optical system which forms an image of an object, an image pick-up device which outputs an image signal corresponding to the image formed by said optical system, and a filtering system which filters the image to smooth at least a portion of the image based on the image signal outputted by the image pick-up device. The filtering system may calculate moving averages of pixels in the image. The digital camera may include a filter control system which is configured to change characteristics of the filtering system.

Abstract: An imaging module and light shuttering method for a digital image capturing device. The imaging module includes an electronic imaging sensor device including a plurality of pixel elements. The imaging module further includes an electronically actuatable shutter device including a plurality of individually addressable and actuatable shutter elements. Each shutter element substantially corresponds to at least one of the plurality of pixel elements of the image sensor device.

Abstract: A method of eliminating a hot spot of a digital photograph. A light recording area for receiving a light reflected from a scene to be photographed is segmented into a grid of a plurality of squares. Each of the squares is identified with a coordinate. An exposure value of each square is defined. The exposure value of one of the squares is selected as a key exposure value. A neutral density or color with a certain degree is applied to any square that is over-exposed. The over-exposed square has an exposure value larger than the key exposure value with at least a predetermined number of stops.

Abstract: A digital camera simulates the use of fill flash. The camera takes a series of photographs of a scene at various focus distances. The photographs are stored, along with their corresponding focus distances. The photographs are analyzed to determine the distance to objects at various locations of the scene. Regions of a final photograph are selectively adjusted in brightness based on the distance information to simulate the effect that would have resulted had fill flash been used.

Abstract: A flash device is provided which causes a plurality of light emitting elements to emit desired white strobe light independent of possible uneven brightnesses of light being emitted by light emitting used. Red, green and blue light emitting elements are driven to emit corresponding colored rays of light to thereby provide white strobe light. Percentages of respective total light emission times of the light emitting elements are determined depending on the percentage data of light being emitted by those light emitting elements and stored in memory.

Abstract: A hand held stabilizer support for hand held cameras comprises a first frame having a hand grip and a pivot mount spaced from the hand grip; a second frame pivotally mounted to the first frame at the pivot mount, and a camera mount on the second frame disposed below the pivot mount so that the camera remains in the desired orientation upon pivoting of the support.

Abstract: The invention is a video camera system comprising a mobile video camera 1 and a base station 2. The camera 1 comprises means of acquiring images and means of radio transmission of the filmed images. The base station 2 comprises means of radio reception for receiving the filmed images. The system comprises evaluation means AGC, MER, BER and 500 for evaluating the quality of the transmission between the camera 1 and the base station 2, and display means 506 to 509 for displaying information QR relating to the quality of transmission.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for transforming a video bitstream in an interlaced format into a progressive format which can be displayed by a digital television. For example, the present embodiment utilizes the pixel information of a current field, previous field, and future field of the interlaced video bitstream to try to determine what the original content is of the missing lines of the current field. Specifically, the present embodiment utilizes different sets of pixel information in order to estimate the amount of motion that exist within a video bitstream. In this manner, the present embodiment is able to more closely determine the original value of the missing pixels of each field of the interlaced video bitstream. Therefore, the present embodiment provides a de-interlacing function enabling digital televisions to receive interlaced video bitstreams and display them in the progressive format.

Abstract: A digital image processor includes an input buffer operable to receive an interlaced video stream and a digital memory for storing portions of the interlaced video stream. An output buffer is operable to transmit a deinterlaced video stream. Also included is a deinterlacing processor coupled between said input buffer and said output buffer and to said digital memory, said deinterlacing processor is operable to store portions of said received interlaced video stream from said input buffer into said digital memory and to detect diagonal features in said portions of said received interlaced video stream in said digital memory, and to generate said deinterlaced video stream having smoothed diagonal features therefrom.

Abstract: A phase-locked loop is provided which is operable to lock the sampling clock (pixel clock) to the incoming horizontal sync pulse contained within composite video information. Given the input signal is a VCR signal or a normal noise-free signal, there exists two modes of operation, coarse lock mode and fine lock mode, which are used in controlling the phase-locked loop. In the coarse lock mode, coarse corrections are made to a horizontal discrete time oscillator so that a fast lock may be achieve using the fine lock mode. Coarse corrections are based on a normalized sum of weighted pixels collected within a narrow gate window. Lock is achieved when the falling edge is centered within the window. Given the input signal is a television signal having noise, there exists one mode of operation where the flat window phase detector is used instead of coarse lock mode to bring the sync edge to fall within the window, where the flat window normalization constant is tuned.

Abstract: A video signal processor (1) for converting standard definition and progressive scan video data signals from digital form to analogue form comprises a video signal processing circuit (7) in which the signals are converted. The respective standard and progressive video data signals are received on first and second clock signals CLOCK—1 and CLOCK—2, respectively, which are of identical frequency and have a constant phase relationship. An interface circuit (10) for interfacing the standard definition and progressive scan video data signals with the video signal processor (7) comprises a first register (20) into which the progressive scan signal is clocked on the second clock signal CLOCK—2. The progressive scan signal is clocked from the first register (20) to a second register (21) by the first clock signal CLOCK—1 and in turn from the second register (21) to a third register (22) by the first clock signal CLOCK—1.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of providing a news and music video feed. The method includes dividing a display into a plurality of regions, displaying a music video in a music video region of the display, simultaneously displaying news information in a news region of the display while displaying the music video, the music video region is substantially free of overlap with the news region, and broadcasting a signal representing the display. The apparatus of the invention includes a frame of video displaying information having a music video area containing a music video frame and a news area containing textual news information, the music video area separated from the news area.

Abstract: A television monitor display comprises a first selectable source of a first video display signal and a second selectable source of a second signal for video display. A video processor receives signals from the first and second selectable sources and controllably combines the second signal with said first video display signal. A sync separator is coupled to receive the combined signal and generate therefrom separated synchronizing signals. A controller is responsive to user selection of the first selectable source and generates a disable signal for controlling the video processor to inhibit combing of the second signal for a predetermined time.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating an ICC profile in a simple manner without using a specialized measuring instrument. A display control unit reads out a dot pattern image from a pattern image data holding unit and a grayscale pattern image containing a plurality of grayscale patches of gradually varying gray scale from a grayscale image data holding unit, and presents the thus readout images for display on a display device. A user selects the grayscale patch having brightness closest to the brightness of the dot pattern image by operating a selection unit. Based on the selection, a gamma coefficient value is calculated by a gamma coefficient value calculation unit, and based on this gamma coefficient value, a profile creation unit modifies the ICC profile held in a common information holding unit and thus creates a customized ICC profile.

Abstract: A universal remote control unit for controlling the operation of a plurality of devices such as a cable box, a television, a video device, and an audio device, includes a processor having a plurality of operating modes. In one embodiment the universal remote control unit includes an ALL key preprogrammed to allow a user to turn on or off all of the devices. In another embodiment, a remote control unit allows assigning an additional function to a key having a preprogrammed function.

Abstract: An optical state modulation method is provided. The method comprises a step of periodically modulating luminance of an original display image in temporal domain so as to present an optical state variation, which is independent of the original display image and does not hamper direct watching thereof, on a recorded image obtained through image-capturing of the original display image.

Abstract: A projection television which can reduce noise generated in a cooling fan for cooling an internal high temperature heat. The projection television includes: a lamp for providing a light source; a circuit driving unit for supplying electric power; a cooling fan for cooling heat generated in the lamp and the circuit driving unit; a duct for inducing an air drawn in by the cooling fan and for externally discharging the air; and a resonator installed on the duct, for removing noise generated by the cooling fan. Accordingly, the projection television reduces the noise generated by the cooling fan, and removes the noise generated by other factors by adjusting a number of the resonators.

Abstract: An array substrate of the present invention includes a storage capacitor that has a storage-on-gate structure. One embodiment of the present invention discloses the array substrate having a metal island pattern on the substrate beneath a drain electrode. The metal island pattern is disposed beneath a drain contact hole through which a pixel electrode contacts the drain electrode. Since the metal island pattern has the same thickness as the gate line, the passivation layer can have the same height both in a drain region and in a storage region. Over-etching is minimized with the passivation layer in the drain and storage region having the same uniform thickness.

Abstract: Disclosed is a simplified manufacturing method for liquid crystal displays. A gate wire including a gate line, a gate pad and a gate electrode is formed on an insulating substrate. Next, a gate insulating layer covering the gate wire, a semiconductor layer, an ohmic contact layer, and a data conductive layer are sequentially deposited, and a photoresist pattern is formed on the data conductive layer. Following this step, the data conductive layer, using the photoresist pattern as an etch mask, is etched to form a data wire including a data line, a source electrode, a drain electrode, and a data pad. Next, the photoresist pattern is reflowed to cover the portion between the source electrode and the drain electrode, and a portion of the ohmic contact layer adjacent to a periphery of the data wire. Subsequently, portions of the ohmic contact layer and the semiconductor layer, which are not covered by the photoresist pattern, are etched, and the photoresist pattern is removed.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes a light guide plate, a fluorescent tube having terminals at both ends thereof and disposed along a side surface of the light guide plate, a reflector plate fitted to a principal surface on one side of the light guide plate, and a reflector film fitted to the light guide plate so as to cover the fluorescent tube. Leads are soldered respectively to the terminals of the fluorescent tube, and heat-radiating plates are co-soldered to the solder portions. A temperature rise at the solder portion can be restrained by the heat-radiating plate, so that deterioration of the solder portions can be restrained, and contact failure between the terminals of the fluorescent tube and the leads due to deterioration of the solder portions can be prevented.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a reflection sheet which can prevent scratches on a back face of an optical waveguide plate, and a backlight unit capable of attempting the improvement of brightness and the uniformization of the brightness using said reflection sheet.

Abstract: A transmission type liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal display element including a pair of transparent insulating substrates placed to face each other with a gap therebetween, transparent electrodes being formed on inner surfaces of the substrates, and a liquid crystal material injected in the gap; a light source placed on a back side of the liquid crystal display element; and a light diverging element placed on a front side of the liquid crystal display element, wherein the liquid crystal display device satisfies an expression 1 0.

Abstract: A projection display system is disclosed, which enables aberration correction and can reduce the size of the system. The projection display system includes a liquid crystal panel displaying an image, a first lens group having a positive refractive power, formed by combination of two or more lenses, and correcting aberration of incident light from the liquid crystal panel, a total reflection mirror reflecting the incident light from the first lens group in a predetermined direction, and a second lens group having a negative refractive power, formed by combination of two or more lenses, and correcting aberration of the incident light from the total reflection mirror.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a liquid crystal layer having first and second surfaces opposite to each other; a first polarizing plate opposed to the first surface of the liquid crystal layer and having a first polarization axis; and a second polarizing plate opposed to the second surface of the liquid crystal layer and having a second polarization axis perpendicular to the first polarization axis and given polarization degree. The liquid crystal display further includes a third polarizing plate opposed to the first polarizing plate and having the second polarization axis and the given polarization degree.

Abstract: Within a reflective display section R, a part of a light that reaches a reflective electrode through a color filter exits to the outside through slits and a part of a light that reaches the reflective electrode through the slits exits to the outside through the color filter. In addition, a light reaching the reflective electrode through the color filter and exiting to the outside through the color filter, and a light having no opportunity to pass through the slits also can be observed. Therefore, a mean film thickness of color filter through which all lights pass during the time in which they travel the associated distance after they are inputted to the inside until they are outputted to the outside becomes nearly equal to that could be observed in the transmissive section T.

Abstract: A reflection type color liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal cell controlled by a new field sequential method and a reflection device disposed at the rear surface of the cell. The device includes a band-like reflection sheet having reflection regions for reflecting the three-color lights of yellow, magenta and cyan. The reflection sheet is driven by a driving device, whereby the reflection regions are sequentially moved to the reverse side of the liquid crystal cell. In synchronism with the color changes of these reflection regions, the liquid crystal cell is controlled so that its light transmittance may be controlled in the way of color filters controlling the three picture elements of yellow, magenta, and cyan, simultaneously and time-sequentially three times. As a result of this 3-time time-sequential display, the desired color is displayed by the additive color process.

Abstract: There are provided at least two liquid crystal panels 10, 20 including the liquid crystals developing a memory effect, the liquid crystal developing a memory effect on a side opposite to a viewer side has a selective reflection wavelength set at 615-665 nm, the liquid crystal developing a memory effect on the viewer side has a selective reflection wavelength set at 490-540 nm, and a color filter having a certain transmission property is provided between the liquid crystal developing a memory effect on the viewer side and the liquid crystal developing a memory effect on the side opposite to the viewer side.

Abstract: A method of making a micro corner cube array includes the steps of: preparing a substrate, at least a surface portion of which consists of cubic single crystals and which has a surface that is substantially parallel to {111} planes of the crystals; and etching the surface of the substrate anisotropically, thereby forming a plurality of unit elements for the micro corner cube array on the surface of the substrate. Each of these unit elements is made up of a number of crystal planes that have been formed at a lower etch rate than the {111} planes of the crystals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reflector and a reflective liquid crystal display capable of maintaining high controllability of the shape of the reflective electrode and improving reflection characteristic, only in the step of forming active elements, without a need for special manufacturing steps. In a reflector comprising an active element D and a concave/convex reflective electrode on an insulating substrate, a step-like structure B obtained by cumulating a plurality of column-shaped bodies A1, A2 with width sequentially reduced upwardly. The column-shaped bodies A1, A2 are comprised of one or more layers selected from all layers L1-L2 constituting the active element D and obtained by layer forming and predetermined patterning in the step of manufacturing the active element D.

Abstract: A projection mode microdisplay includes a silicon substrate having disposed thereon a first alignment layer having a first alignment direction, and a cover substrate having disposed thereon a second alignment layer having a second alignment direction. A liquid crystal material having spacers disbursed therethrough is disposed between to maintain the cell gap which is about 1.2 microns. The first and second alignment directions form about a 27 degree twist angle. An electrode disposed on the cover substrate and the silicon substrate are connected to a control system that sequentially applies an electric field across the cell gap to control the orientation of the liquid crystal material. A retarder is disposed on the cover substrate and has an alignment direction that is at −38 degrees±5 degrees with respect to an x-axis of the display, wherein the liquid crystal material has a turn-on time no greater than 1.0 milliseconds and a turn-off time no greater than 4.0 milliseconds.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a cell formed between substrates and disposed to face each other and severally including alignment films and, liquid crystal molecules held inside the cell, and an electrode for applying a driving electric field in a parallel direction to the liquid crystal molecules. In the liquid crystal panel, the electrode is formed on at least one of the substrates and on a side facing the liquid crystal molecules. An alignment film is formed on the substrate so as to cover the electrode and an alignment film is disposed on the opposite substrate. The alignment films and are severally selected from a horizontal alignment film and a perpendicular alignment film which are different in aligning modes.

Abstract: A tetragonal ring shape aperture is formed in the common electrode on one substrate and a cross shape aperture is formed at the position corresponding to the center of the tetragonal ring shape aperture in the pixel electrode on the other substrate. A liquid crystal layer between two electrodes are divided to four domains where the directors of the liquid crystal layer have different angles when a voltage is applied to the electrodes. The directors in adjacent domains make a right angle. The tetragonal ring shape aperture is broken at midpoint of each side of the tetragon, and the width of the aperture decreases as goes from the bent point to the edge. Wide viewing angle is obtained by four domains where the directors of the liquid crystal layer indicate different directions, disclination is removed and luminance increases.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal layer containing a nematic liquid crystal material, first and second light-transmissive substrates which hold the nematic liquid crystal material therebetween such that liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a predetermined directions, and first and second circular electrodes which are formed on the first and second light-transmissive substrates and apply to the liquid crystal layer an electric field for controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. In particular, the first and second circular electrodes include radial light-shielding electrode lines and concentric light-shielding electrode lines, which are opposed to each other to divide the liquid crystal layer into a plurality of domains between which liquid crystal molecules are set in different tilt directions under the electric field.

Abstract: A seal pattern on a substrate for a liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of main seal patterns along first and second direction, a dummy seal pattern between the adjacent main seal patterns along the first direction, a first sub-seal pattern surrounding the plurality of main seal patterns, and a second sub-seal pattern at an exterior of the first sub-seal pattern, the second sub-seal pattern corresponding to a borderline between the adjacent main seal patterns along the second direction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel 1 has a configuration in which an element substrate 10 including routing wiring 16 and a counter substrate 20 including scanning lines 25 are adhered with a sealing material 30 therebetween and, in addition, a liquid crystal is injected between both substrates through a liquid crystal injection hole 30a formed in the sealing material 30. The scanning lines 25 are brought into conduction with the routing wiring 16 through conducting particles 32 dispersed in the sealing material 30. However, the scanning lines 25, which have end portions reaching the neighborhood of the liquid crystal injection hole 30a, among the plurality of scanning lines 25, are brought into conduction with the routing wiring 16 through conducting particles 32 dispersed in a vertical conduction portion 37 or through the conducting particles 32 in both the sealing material 30 and the vertical conduction portion 37.

Abstract: Liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) cells include a plurality of pixel elements formed between substrates. Spacers are formed on a portion of some of the pixel elements and positioned in the cell gap. The spacers on each of these LCOS cells reflecting different colors are formed in different locations in each cell. The result is that substantially none of the spacers create overlapping dead spots in a composite image. The spacers are further distributed among these pixel elements such that spacers are absent from some pixel elements and such that there is a substantially uniform thickness in the cell gaps. The reduced severity of the dead spots in the composite image as a result of the spacers in different locations, the reduced size and number of the spacers, and the uniformity in the cell gaps provide higher optical image quality.

Abstract: A device for cleaning a liquid crystal display panel including at least one pad part cleaning brush removing foreign matters from a pad part of the liquid crystal display panel, a holder holding the pad part cleaning brush, a driving shaft rotating the holder, and a driving motor providing a rotating force to the driving shaft.

Abstract: An intraocular lens derivation system 10 includes an eye surface measurement device 12 for measuring the shape and position of at least the anterior and a posterior corneal surfaces of the eye, a length measurement device 14 for measuring at least the axial length of the eye, and an IOL calculator 24, connected to devices 12 and 14, for accurately selecting the proper IOL using at least in the selection the measured anterior and posterior corneal surface information and the axial length of the eye.

Abstract: A scanning laser ophthalmoscope incorporates adaptive optics to compensate for wavefront aberrations in the eye. Light from a light source is scanned onto the retina. Light reflected from the retina is detected for imaging and is also used for wavefront sensing. The sensed wavefront aberrations are used to control an adaptive optic device, such as a deformable mirror, disposed in the path of the light from the source in order to compensate for the aberrations.

Abstract: This invention relates to a low-complexity, low-cost, fast subjective refractor that can measure a patient's required vision correction in terms of sphere, cylinder, and axis using model parameter matching of meridional power values.

Abstract: An improved ophthalmic instrument including a wavefront sensor that estimates aberrations in reflections of the light formed as a spot image on the retina of the human eye, wherein the wavefront sensor includes at least one subaperture that spatially samples incident light; at least one optical element that focuses each sample to a spot; and an image sensor and image processor for measuring location of the spot. The image sensor captures image data of an pixel subaperture defined around the spot and provides the image data to the image processor. The image processor analyzes the image data to identify a subarray of pixels around a peak in the pixel subaperture, fits a predetermined function to the image data for the subarray of pixels, and derives an estimate for spot location based upon location of the fit of the predetermined function.

Abstract: An improved ophthalmic instrument including a wavefront sensor that estimates aberrations in reflections of the light formed as a spot image on the retina of the human eye. The wavefront sensor includes a beam splitter operably disposed between a lenslet array and multiple imaging devices. The lenslet array forms a first array of spots, and the multiple imaging devices capture multiple images of the first array of spots for use in estimating the aberrations of the eye in a manner that minimizes the adverse effects of eye movement on the accuracy of such estimates. The beam splitter preferably comprises a prismatic beam splitter that splits light incident thereto into multiple arms. The multiple image devices may capture at least a first image of the first array of spots at best focus and a second image of the first array of spots near best focus for use in dynamically identifying sub-arrays (pixel areas) of the Hartmann spot imaging device (e.g.

Abstract: An improved ophthalmic instrument including a wavefront sensor that estimates aberrations in reflections of the light formed as an image on the retina of the human eye. A phase compensator, operably coupled to the wavefront sensor, spatially modulates the phase of incident light to compensate for the aberrations estimated by the wavefront sensor. The phase compensator includes a first stage and at least one other additional stage, wherein the first stage compensates for a defocus component of the aberrations, and the additional stage(s) compensate for other higher order components of the aberrations. The first stage preferably comprises a variable focus lens and the additional stage(s) preferably comprise a deformable mirror.

Abstract: An improved ophthalmic instrument including an extended source producing light that is formed as an image on the retina of the human eye and reflected there from to produce retinal reflections derived from the extended source, and a wavefront sensor that estimates aberrations in the retinal reflections. The wavefront sensor includes a plurality of subapertures that form a plurality of images of the extended source from the retinal reflections, an imaging device that captures the plurality of images and outputs image data representing the images, and an image processing computer that generates an estimate of the gradient field of the retinal reflections by applying image correlation techniques in the digital domain to the image data.

Abstract: A field flattener having a function of flattening a bent image surface on which an image is formed through an optical system, is composed of a material of which a refractive index is equal to or larger than 2. A sectional configuration of the field flattener cut in an optical-axis direction containing the optical axis is formed to take a stepped shape toward its peripheral edge from the optical axis. An axial height of the stepped portion configuring the surface in the optical-axis direction in this stepped shape is set so as to equal to or larger than twice a wavelength of beams to be used.

Abstract: An aerial projection system and method having a housing for positioning low cost optical elements capable of generating a three dimensional aerial images at video rates without reflected artifacts or visible display of the display screen. A method for generating the display images is based on a set of rules that eliminate boundary transgressions and maximizes the illusion of a three dimensional aerial image. An optional second display is a transparent imaging panel that acts selectively as a light valve, as a display platform for special effects or for providing the appearance of linear motion towards or away from the observer. An optional third display, also a transparent imaging panel, may be used as a background display device for displaying video rate images that are not projected aerial images.

Abstract: A portable, personal, wearable image projection system is described in which light is provided by a low power, light weight source so as to minimize overheating and overburdening the user. Source images are initially displayed on an image projection screen, and then displayed on an associated image reception screen, via light transmitted through said image projection screen by the light source. A user interface may be provided to allow for manipulation of information, either via a wired or wireless interface. Source images may be provided from a host of different devices such as a computer, a television, an internet device or some type of personal communications device.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention includes a movement detector configured to detect movement of the projection system and to generate a movement signal; a controller responsive to the movement signal and configured to generate a control signal; and an actuator assembly responsive to the control signal and configured to reduce movement of the projection system.