Abstract: This camera is a camera having a compartment for loading and storing various members with a predetermined sheet member attached along the inner wall face of the compartment, in which the sheet member is attached at a predetermined position by a very easy and inexpensive means while assuring good operability during the assembly operation and the disassembly operation, comprising a camera main body where an aperture section is formed at a visible position and a sheet member which is attached by elastic deformation without gluing for covering the aperture section, to be attached/removed easily. With such construction, a camera which can contribute to making the manufacturing process efficient and decreasing the manufacturing cost can be provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the volume of toner consumed in a printer using a beam modulation technique, wherein: printing data, which is input in units of multiple numbers of bits per pixel in synchronization with a video clock signal, is converted into bit values corresponding to equal sections into which each pixel is divided depending on the number of bits per pixel. Next, a carry value is obtained by summing the bit values corresponding to the number of converted sections of printing data with the previous bit value. Then, the carry value obtained in this manner is counted. The counted carry value is multiplied by a predetermined value, and the volume of toner consumed is measured using the resulting product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving a print quality of an image forming apparatus. The invention provides a method for improving the print quality of an image forming apparatus capable of preventing the deterioration of the print image according to the change of the environment condition around the image forming apparatus by controlling the print speed of the image forming apparatus in case that the environment condition is at a low temperature and low humidity when checked at the non-image stage of the apparatus. According to the present invention, it is checked whether or not the environment condition around the image forming apparatus is at a low temperature and low humidity at a non-image period prior to the beginning of print after the print data received externally are stored at a memory of the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A liquid developing device comprises a storage tank, a concentration sensor, a level sensor, a concentrated-ink supply pump, a carrier supply pump, an ink discharge pump, and a controller. The storage tank stores ink, including toner and carrier, for developing a photoconductor. The concentration sensor measures a concentration of ink to be supplied to the photoconductor. The level sensor measures the amount of ink stored in the storage tank. The concentrated-ink supply pump sends concentrated ink to the storage tank. The carrier supply pump sends carrier to the storage tank. The ink discharge pump discharges excessive ink from the storage tank. Based on measurement value and amount from the concentration tank and the level sensor, the controller controlls the concentrated-ink supply pump, the carrier supply pump, and the ink discharge pump, so that the concentration and amount of ink stored in the storage tank is retained at a predetermined level.

Abstract: A heating device of the present invention includes a main power source and an auxiliary power source implemented by a chargeable capacitor. A heater is made up of a main heating element that heats when supplied with power from the main power source and an auxiliary heating element that heat when supplied with power from the auxiliary power source. A charger charges the capacitor of the auxiliary power source when supplied with power from the main power source. A switch selectively causes the auxiliary power source to be charged or to feed power to the auxiliary heating element. A controller adjusts the power to be fed from the auxiliary power source to the auxiliary heating element.

Abstract: A process cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, includes a drum frame for supporting an electrophotographic photosensitive drum and a developing member for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member; and a developing frame supporting the developing member. The developing frame is provided at a longitudinal end thereof with a projected portion which is projected in a longitudinal direction of the developing member and which is engaged with a guide member. The projected portion is movable along the guide member toward the drum frame, and wherein the developing frame is swingably connected with the drum frame at the other longitudinal end. The developing member is supported on the developing frame for movement in a direction crossing with the longitudinal direction. The cartridge also includes an elastic member for urging the projected portion along the guide portion toward the drum frame.

Abstract: A powder pump includes a stator and a rotor. The stator has a through-hole formed with two grooves extended in a stator spiral form. The rotor is rotated inside the through-hole of the stator. The rotor extends in a rotor spiral form such that spaces for accommodating a powder are formed between an outer circumferential surface of the rotor and an inner circumferential surface of the through-hole of the stator. The rotor is rotated to move the spaces and to transfer the powder. A cross-sectional engagement amount formed in the stator. An outer diameter engagement amount is formed in the rotor. When the rotor has a cross-sectional diameter RA millimeters and an outer diameter RB millimeters, and the through-hole of the stator has a least inner diameter SN millimeters and a largest inner diameter SX millimeters, RA, RB, SN, and SX are defined to satisfy formulas of RA−SN≧0.4 and RB−(SN+SX)/2≧0.4.

Abstract: A method of replenishing developer, wherein the replenisher contains carrier particles coated with zinc stearate.

Abstract: A developer container having a gear transmission mechanism coupled between a mixer, which is mounted inside the container body of the developer container to mix developer, and a propelling screw, which is mounted in a developer supply trough at a bottom side of the developer container and adapted to propel developer out of the developer container and the developer supply trough, for enabling the mixer to be rotated to mix developer upon rotary motion of the propelling screw to propel developer out of the developer supply trough.

Abstract: A developing apparatus in which a developer is prevented from attaching to a developer electrifying member. The developing apparatus has a developer carrying body, a regulating member, and a developer carrying member, wherein during a period when developing action is not conducted by the developer carrying body and residual developer is being cleaned, there is a first period during which a first electric field is formed in a direction in which the developer normally charged moves from the developer carrying body to the developer charging member and after the first period there is a second period during which a second electric field is formed in a direction in which the developer normally charged moves from the developer charging member to the developer carrying body.

Abstract: The image forming apparatus includes the image forming unit to form an image on the first surface of a medium, the guide member that is curved to become convex to the first surface of the medium that has passed through the image forming unit and the conveying mechanism to convey the medium that has an image formed in the image forming unit toward the discharge unit while making the medium curved along the guide member. Further, the image forming apparatus has a controller to control a conveying speed by the conveying mechanism at the downstream side from the guide member along the conveying direction of a medium so that it becomes slower than that at the upper streamside from the guide member.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus includes a fixing roller, a base, and a sheet-shaped pressing member. The fixing roller includes an inner heater. The base includes a mounting portion upstream from the fixing roller in a sheet transportation direction. The sheet-shaped pressing member includes a fixing side which is fixed to the mounting portion of the base and a free side downstream from the fixing side in the sheet transportation direction. The free side contacts the fixing roller with its upper surface under pressure to form a nip area. In the fixing apparatus, a recording sheet having a toner image passes through the nip area formed so as to receive heat and pressure.

Abstract: This invention provides an image-forming machine with a conditioned cleaning system, which may have a photoconductor, one or more chargers, a toning station, and a cleaning station. Toner is applied to image areas and toner lubrication areas on the photoconductor. The toner essentially provides a lubricating or protective barrier between the cleaning station and the photoconductor.

Abstract: After a printer section is used to form an image on one surface of a sheet, the sheet is once discharged into a sheet discharge tray disposed outside an apparatus main body. Thereafter, the sheet is supplied into the apparatus main body, and the printer section is used to form an image on the other surface of the sheet. The sheet having the opposite surfaces printed in this manner is discharged to an upper portion of the sheet discharge tray. It is unnecessary to dispose a conventional stack cassette for reversing the sheet and a sheet conveyance path having sharp corners inside the apparatus main body.

Abstract: In an ejected sheet stacking device for use in an image forming apparatus provided with a sheet ejection part formed in a hollow place formed so as to open to an outer housing of the image forming apparatus and with a sheet storing mechanism for storing sheets ejected from a sheet ejection opening of the image forming apparatus, the ejected sheet stacking device comprising: a plurality of sheet storing trays arranged in a multi-stage way in a vertical direction; an ejecting and conveying mechanism for conveying a sheet ejected from the sheet ejection opening of the image forming apparatus to one of the sheet storing trays; and a conveyance path switching mechanism for switching a bifurcating conveyance path which bifurcates the sheet ejected from the sheet ejection opening to lead to each of the sheet storing trays. The ejected sheet stacking device is mounted to the image forming apparatus in place of the sheet storing mechanism.

Abstract: A method for determining the position of a mobile radio telephone in a satellite communication system is disclosed. First, a mobile radio telephone scans a plurality of paging channels and measures the signal strength of the paging channels. The mobile radio telephone then selects the paging channel with the strongest signal strength and decodes the information broadcasted on the selected channel. The information contained in the paging channel can include frequencies or timeslots of paging channels in surrounding spot beams. The mobile station then measures the signal strength of paging channels in surrounding spot beams and quantizes the measurements to determine a coarse position of the mobile radio telephone.

Abstract: Systems and methods for optimizing performance of personal area network (PAN) systems that use electric fields as communication media between PAN transmitters carried by people and PAN receivers mounted on computers to which selective access is sought to be established. Multiple PAN receiver antennae are mounted on a keyboard, such that if a person with a PAN transmitter rests her arms on or near the keyboard, sufficient signal from the transmitter is sensed by one or more of the receiver antennae even though some of the signal is shunted away from the receivers through the arms. Also, a driven shield insulates a PAN receiver from nearby metal objects, e.g., a desk on which the PAN receiver is supported. Moreover, a multiple-electrode PAN transmitter reduces the deleterious effects on the signal from the PAN transmitter that can otherwise be caused by, e.g., loose metal coins that are present in a pocket in which the transmitter is carried.

Abstract: In order to effectively terminate a burst transmission in a wireless system, a method and apparatus determines whether or not a burst transmission from a wireless unit to a base station should be terminated by evaluating at least one criterion related to the operation of the wireless system. Once it is determined that a burst transmission should be terminated, the transmission is terminated by lowering a target signal-to-noise ratio (SIR) by a predetermined amount. By lowering this target SIR, power control bits transmitted from the base station to the wireless unit instruct an extreme decrease in power of the burst transmission and quickly act to terminate the burst transmission.

Abstract: A wireless spread spectrum base station has a plurality of modems. The modems produce at least one baseband channel signal and a baseband global signal. At least one forward power controller controls a power level of the at least one baseband channel signal. A baseband signal combiner combines the at least one baseband channel and baseband global signals. A radio frequency transmitter modulates to radio frequency and transmits the combined signal. A global power control processor determines a desired transmit power level of the baseband global signal to the desired transmit power level.

Abstract: Microelectronic devices, methods of operating microelectronic devices, and methods of providing microelectronic devices are described. In one embodiment, a microelectronic device includes a microelectronic package which provides a housing within which integrated circuitry is received. An integrated circuit die is received within the microelectronic package and includes integrated circuitry formed thereon. The integrated circuitry comprises first transmit/receive circuitry configured to transmit and receive radio frequency signals.

Abstract: The handheld personal electronic device has a first body having a display, a second body having a plurality of manual inputs, the second body capable of attachment to the first body, the personal electronic device having an open position wherein the display of the first body and the manual inputs of the second body are accessibly exposed. And, the personal electronic device having a closed position wherein the display of the first body is protected by the second body and the manual inputs of the second body are accessibly exposed.

Abstract: A method and system is described wherein a signal with a lower frequency is up-converted to a higher frequency. In one embodiment, the higher frequency signal is used as a stable frequency and phase reference. In another embodiment, the invention is used as a transmitter. The up-conversion is accomplished by controlling a switch with an oscillating signal, the frequency of the oscillating signal being selected as a sub-harmonic of the desired output frequency. When the invention is being used as a frequency or phase reference, the oscillating signal is not modulated, and controls a switch that is connected to a bias signal. When the invention is being used in the frequency modulation (FM) or phase modulation (PM) implementations, the oscillating signal is modulated by an information signal before it causes the switch to gate the bias signal.

Abstract: An optoelectronic phase locked loop for clock recovery in high-speed optical time division multiplexed systems. The optoelectronic phase locked loop includes a balanced photodetector through which the polarity ambiguity in error signal is resolved and the cancellation of laser noise enabling clock recovery with low timing jitter. The optoelectronic phase locked loop also includes an electroabsorption modulator as a phase detector, a lowpass filter, a variable controlled oscillator, a power divider and an amplifer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing image rejection filtering in a radio signal processing device. In a specific example of implementation, the apparatus is a radio transceiver that includes a transmitter and a receiver, each comprising an image rejection filter. A control signal, already available in the usual radio transceiver architecture, is used to simultaneously tune the LO frequency of the transceiver and the image rejection frequency of the image rejection filters. The image rejection filters are designed such that their image reject frequency accurately tracks the Local Oscillator (LO) frequency of the transceiver over a range of frequencies.

Abstract: According to the invention a digital signal path includes a first filter and an analog signal path includes a second filter. For analog reception both filters are connected in cascade, the first filter aiding the second filter in achieving a desired selectivity. Additional selection devices are obviated. Preferably the filters are surface acoustic wave filters.

Abstract: The invention provides a personal data assistant terminal with radio having data transmission and reception functions by a radio wave wherein the applied power supply mode of a CPU can be changed over to a power supply mode required by a peripheral circuit to the CPU. When a power supply mode change-over signal representing a power supply mode which is to be entered subsequently and a power supply mode defining signal for defining the power supply mode represented by the power supply mode change-over signal are inputted from the outside to a power supply control section of a CPU, a CPU core in the CPU changes over the applied power supply mode of the CPU to the power supply mode represented by the power supply mode change-over signal.

Abstract: A time clock oscillator is continually operated to drive an MMI (Man-Machine Interface) unit. Although a TCXO provides a high-accuracy clock signal to accurately receive signals, the power consumption is large. Therefore, during receiving standby only a time clock oscillator is operated, and the TCXO is stopped. Then, timing prior to the reception of signals based on the time clock signal is obtained, and the TCXO is started. Although both the MMI unit and a timing processing unit are driven by the time clock signal before the TCXO is started, after the TCXO is started both a wireless processing unit and the timing process unit are started based on a master clock signal from the TCXO. Then, signals are received based on the master clock signal.

Abstract: In a radio communications system where a base station communicates with each terminal while controlling transmission power of a channel used for communication between the base station and the terminal, a magnitude of the transmission power is monitored and a communication charge rate is determined based on the magnitude of the transmission power. A communication charge for the communication is calculated using as parameters the communication charge rate and a time period during which the communication charge rate is kept.

Abstract: A system and method for minimizing fraudulent usage of a mobile telephone, wherein data regarding an authorized user's prior usage of a mobile telephone is accumulated, data regarding a current user's usage of the mobile telephone is accumulated, the statistical variation in usage between the authorized user's prior usage and the current user's usage is analyzed, and the mobile telephone is deactivated if the variation in usage exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A system and method for temporary or permanent disabling of a cellular control device is described. A cellular control module is responsive to either a temporary disable command or a factory disable command received over a cellular control channel. The cellular control module is responsive to an enable command received over the cellular control channel if the cellular control module was previously temporarily disabled by a temporary disable command. The cellular control module includes disable logic to respond to a temporary disable command, and disable logic to respond toga factory disable command.

Abstract: An antitheft method for a mobile telephone for a cellular network comprises: assigning a provisional identity number to the mobile telephone before a definitive identity number is assigned to the mobile telephone; counting the cumulative duration of operation as long as the definitive identity number has not been assigned; and disabling the operation of the mobile telephone when the cumulative duration of operation reaches a time limit.

Abstract: A data storage area allows a user of a wireless communication device to enter data to be processed and transmitted as a series of dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) tones. A wireless communication device transmits call origination over the traffic channel and can transmit DTMF tones over the traffic channel. The user may enter data into a storage area along with an indication that the entered data should be processed as DTMF tones. Data entered as DTMF tones is processed and transmitted over the traffic channel as a series of DTMF tones. A data storage area may have predetermined locations wherein data stored in the predetermined locations are processed as DTMF tones. Alternatively, a data flag or other indicator may be associated with the data to indicate processing as DTMF tones.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for providing personal dialing profiles for users of wireless devices. The users enter telephone numbers into a profile list and specify any desired special handling or routing operations for future calls to each number. The personal profile lists allow users to dial only an abbreviated portion of the telephone number and then the wireless network adds any other required digits, such as country, area or local exchange codes. The system also provides specified routing, such as using a preselected service provider when a call to a particular number will be a long distance call. The personal profile information is stored on an service control point (SCP) or a database that is accessible to the wireless telephone network. Users add telephone numbers and configure profile information using a personal computer, which is linked to the wireless network or SCP via a data network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for detecting a specified event in a wireless communication system. The present invention includes an application program interface (API) that facilitates communications between a mobile station communication protocol stack, which communicates with a communication network, and a mobile station application. The mobile station communication protocol stack polls a memory when the mobile station application registers a specified event. Based on the polling, the mobile station communication protocol stack then detects the specified event. In another implementation of the present invention, the mobile station communication protocol stack detects the specified event by an interrupt notice, which is triggered when the specified event occurs.

Abstract: A method of setting security codes in a remote communicating device using a base unit in a cordless telephone system includes the steps of bringing the remote communicating device into electrical contact with the base unit, wherein the base unit stores a transmitting security code (TC) and a receiving security code (RC), different from the TC; determining whether the remote communicating device is either a remote receiving device (RRD), a remote transmitting device (RTD), or a remote combination transmitting/receiving device (RCD); setting the remote communicating device with the RC if the remote communicating device is the RRD, or the TC if the remote communicating device is the RTD, or both the RC and the TC if the remote communicating device is the RCD, as determined above, said setting done via the electrical contact with the base unit; and verifying the RC or TC or both the RC and the TC in the RRD, RTD, or RCD, respectively, as determined above, said verifying done via the electrical contact with the ba

Abstract: A mobile terminal sends rapidly changing information relating to the downlink transmission of packet data from a base station sector to the mobile terminal at a higher rate on a fast channel. This rapidly changing information may include, for example, a current data transmission rate and/or a current base station sector identification. Information that changes more slowly, such as the identification of a base station to handle the mobile terminal communication, is communicated to the base station at a lower rate on a slow channel. The information received from the mobile terminal at the higher rate is used by the base station to request a particular sector (and preferably also a sector antenna) to transmit data to the mobile terminal and/or to adjust the current maximum data transmission rate to the mobile terminal. A mobile terminal may also make similar sector/rate requests from plural sectors at the same time as well as from plural sector antennas.

Abstract: There is provided a method for checking a speech channel of a base station and a vocoder of a control station in a mobile communication system, in which its operation station designates specific multiple vocoder of the control station and specific multiple speech channels of the base station to establish a call, to check if the vocoders and speech channels are poor, and when they are confirmed to be poor the operation station does not allow call services through the poor vocoder and speech channel, thereby continuously maintaining high quality call services.

Abstract: A system for centrally and remotely testing switches of cellular and conventional telecommunications network wherein a controller located at a remote location provides instructions to Remote Call Processor (RCP) to thereby prompt the RCPs to establish a communication link from the RCP through a switch to a destination device whereby audio from said destination device is communicated, by way of the switch and the RCP, to the controller in order to verify that the switch properly routed and billed of the call. The destination device may be a service provided by such network or it may be another RCP.

Abstract: A priority and preemption method for performing a priority and preemption process includes the steps of satisfying a resource acquisition request from a reserve pool for an external system, and when the resource acquisition request cannot be satisfied from the reserve pool, requesting additional unused frequencies, and when the additional unused frequencies are not available, requesting to preempt active calls. The method also includes the step of replenishing the power and the frequencies received from the frequency controller, the data hub and/or the independent operations controller when the frequencies are no longer needed by the priority and preemption system.

Abstract: A system, method and article of manufacture are provided for utilizing a wireless link in an interface roaming network. A wireless link is utilized to scan a vicinity of the wireless link to detect one or more interface clients in the vicinity. The wireless link then transmits to an infrastructure server information relating to the interface clients detected in the vicinity. Based on the transmitted information, the infrastructure server then selects one of the interface clients. Subsequently, the wireless link receives a notification from the infrastructure server of the selected interface client and a connection between the infrastructure server and the selected interface client is initiated for communication therebetween.

Abstract: A method for a Digital Wireless Office System (DWOS) to establish and update a public neighbor cell list for roaming mobile stations is disclosed. Transmissions of the base stations of public cells are scanned by DWOS scanners. Information from the Digital Control Channels and Broadcast Control Channels is used in formulating the list.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the problem of cell selection, for e.g. cell handover, in mobile telecommunication systems, and more particularly to the problem of selecting the optimum cell among cells with differing capabilities due to different air interface modes. Known algorithms for cell selection and handover are extended by applying additional criteria that take into account the capabilities, due to different modulation and coding schemes, of the mobile station and the base stations that are possible candidates. The quality of service (“QoS”) is predicted for the different cell candidates based on a combination of signal strength or C/I, different cell capabilities, multislot capability, etc. Then the cell is selected for which the predicted QoS is maximum. In another embodiment the invention is extended by taking into account further criteria which are suitable from a system point of view, e.g. to avoid a significant increase of average outage probability or interference level.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conducting a pilot signal search in a wireless communications network. The location of a mobile is determined within the network. This location is then used in determining search window sizes and other search parameter information that is used to search all pilot signals identified in a designated pilot signal set. Search window size is also determined based upon the location of the mobile and another component related to multipath effects for a transmitted pilot signal.

Abstract: A handoff method in a cellular network for switching from an old base transceiver station (BTS) to a target BTS in an uninterrupted manner is provided according to the invention. The method includes the steps of determining the target BTS, establishing communication between the mobile station and the target BTS, wherein the mobile station receives communications continuously from both the old BTS and the target BTS, and terminating the transmission to the old BTS. The terminating step does not occur until after establishing communication between the mobile station and the target BTS.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating the speed of relative movement of a transmitter and a receiver which are in communication with each other in a telecommunications system. The transmitter and receiver are in communication via a channel of the telecommunications system by a carrier wave. An analysis is made of the variations of amplitude or power of the signal transmitted by the transmitter and the channel between the transmitter and the receiver. The dopler shift undergone by the carrier wave is deduced from the variations, and the speed of movement is thereby deduced.

Abstract: The invention provides frequency reuse techniques to enable fractional frequency reuse to be achieved for various cellular radio deployment grids, even for high order modulation such as 16 QAM and 64 QAM by the use of controlled and coordinated notched antenna patterns. The technique allows all frequencies to be used in all cells, thus maximizing system capacity while minimizing and controlling adjacent cell interference by the use of notched antenna patterns.

Abstract: When a communication is established between a mobile unit 1 and a base station 2B, the base station 2B requests a management server 4 of an update of an idle channel information thereof through a cable network 3. The management server 4 updates the idle channel information of the requesting base station and transmits an idle channel information of base stations 2A and 2C peripherally of the base station 2B to the mobile unit 1 through the cable network 3 and the base station 2B. When the mobile unit 1 is moved from a cell of the base station 2B to a cell of one of the base stations 2A and 2C, the mobile unit 1 selects an idle channel from the idle channel information of the peripheral base stations provided by the management server 4 and uses a frequency of the selected idle channel as a frequency of the mobile unit.

Abstract: A method and system for connecting proximately located telecommunications units are disclosed. The method and system may be used in a location aware telecommunications system that can determine the location of a telecommunications unit (TU) being used within the system. A user of a mobile telecommunications unit (MU) is connected to a TU when the MU is within a predetermined distance of a predetermined geographic location meeting predefined criteria. The TU to which the MU is connected may be automated or manually operated. In some embodiments, multiple MUs are connected when they are within a predetermined proximity to each other and a predefined criteria is met.

Abstract: A method and system for connecting proximately located telecommunications units are disclosed. The method and system may be used in a location aware telecommunications system that can determine the location of a telecommunications unit (TU) being used within the system. A user may be connected to one or more other users when they have compatible attributes and when they are located within a predetermined distance of each other. The connection may be established between TUs of two or more users, based on attribute and distance information maintained by a server computer, upon the request of an initiating user's TU.

Abstract: A method and system for selectively connecting proximately located telecommunications units are disclosed. The method and system may be used in a location aware telecommunications system that can determine the location of a telecommunications unit (TU) being used within the system. Proximately located TUs within a predefined group may be connected when an initiating TU requests a group connection. A predetermined number of group TUs located within a predetermined distance of the initiating TU may be connected together with the initating TU in a single telecommunications connection.