Abstract: A decorative wrapper for a floral grouping or flower pot wherein a sheet of material having embossed and printed patterns thereon is wrapped about at least a portion of the floral grouping or flower pot. The printed pattern may be in or out of register with the embossed pattern, or a portion of the printed and embossed patterns may be in register with one another and a portion of the printed and embossed patterns may be out of register with one another. The sheet of material may be provided in the form of a pad containing a plurality of sheets of material or in the form of a roll wherein the sheets of material are separable from the roll of material.

Abstract: A method of treating a plant or crop includes exposing the plant or crop to an aqueous treatment stream which contains a wetting agent and calcium hypochlorite. Calcium hypochlorite is introduced into an aqueous flow stream to produce a treatment stream. The calcium hypochlorite produces hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ions, calcium ions and hydroxyl ions and it is introduced so as to produce a treatment stream having a calcium hypochlorite concentration of between about 0.19 and 0.38 mM and a calcium ion concentration of between about 0.19 and 0.38 mM. The wetting agent is added to the water from which the flow stream is generated or to the flow stream or to the treatment stream and the plant or crop is exposed to the treatment stream.

Abstract: A new and improved apparatus is disclosed for reminding people to water a house plant. A user would hang a house plant from an eye hook located at the bottom of the bottom of the present invention, and an included readout would indicate when a user would need to water the house plant. The top half of the readout would be red and would not be visible when the houseplant would have sufficient water. The lower half of the readout would be green and would be visible through the bottom of the apparatus when the would have sufficient water. However, the top half of the readout would start to become visible through a transparent central portion of the apparatus when the houseplant would need to be watered. At the same time, the bottom half of the readout would be pulled into the apparatus and would gradually disappear as the need for water for the houseplant would increase.

Abstract: A closure sequence controller for a double door arrangement in which the double door arrangement is provided with a first door closer and a first pull arm for closing a first door leaf and with a second door closer and a second pull arm for closing a second door leaf. A guide rail guides the distal ends of the pull arms relative to the door closers. The closure sequence controller includes a connection piece for transmitting a pulling force from the distal end of the first pull arm to the closure sequence controller. The closure sequence controller prevents movement of the distal end of the second pull arm in the guide rail past the closure sequence controller until the distal end of the first pull arm has exerted the pulling force on the closure sequence controller through the connection piece.

Abstract: A device for locking a trailer door in a plurality of different opened positions has a plurality of hinges for coupling the door to a frame of the trailer. A torsion bar is coupled to each of the plurality of hinges and to the frame. A rachet mechanism is coupled to the torsion bar which allows the torsion bar to rotate in one direction and in incremental movements thereby allowing one to open and lock the door in a plurality of different positions.

Abstract: A mounting system includes a temporary panel that can be quickly and easily installed at an installation site, for example a window, for rapid installation of an air moving system. The mounting system provides a barrier to the reentry of evacuated construction dust and fumes, and can be assembled and disassembled without damage of the installation site. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed a mount for an air moving apparatus. The mount comprises a panel having an aperture. A strap communicates with, and extends from the panel. An elongated brace also communicates with the strap. A locking mechanism fixes the length of the strap between the panel and the brace. Multiple straps and braces may be employed for securing the panel to the installation site. Expansion panels allow for the panel width or height to be adjustable to cover a range of installation site configurations.

Abstract: The invention relates to building structures of the type comprising arched frame members supporting panels of flexible materials such as weather resistant fabric. Problems accompanying the use of separate panels extending between frame members are overcome by providing connecting members on the frame members, and panels having means for attachment to the connecting members and flaps of flexible material adjacent to but spaced from the side margins of the panels, the connecting members slidably engage the means for attachment and have a channel to receive the flaps. The flaps are secured in the channel to provide weatherproof connections between the panels.

Abstract: A device for releasably fastening a cover slab to the opening of a crypt or niche extending back from a vertical support wall. Each device is positioned at a common point of adjacency of a plurality of slabs. Each device has a rotatively mounted locking plate for engaging slots in the sides of each of the slabs. The plate has a cutaway sized and dimensioned to allow for the passage of one of the slabs through the cutaway when the cutaway is rotated into proper alignment. A keyed tool may be used for turning the plate indicating the positioning of the cutaway. The plate is mounted to allow minor axial, pitch and yaw movement and is biased toward an axially perpendicular orientation.

Abstract: A land anchor for use with a winch and cable assembly affixed to a vehicle to pull the vehicle when immobilized having a fluke formed by wings shaped to penetrate into the ground and shaped to keep the fluke level during penetration into the ground, and a removable stock assembly attachable to the fluke. The fluke is provided with a stock assembly mount having a tubular member provided with a parallel slot extending through one side of the tubular member. The tubular member is fixedly attached to the rear thrust end section of the fluke with the slot being positioned to permit the stock assembly to be received by the stock assembly mount. The stock assembly has an engaging member shaped to engage and fix the stock assembly to the stock assembly mount.

Abstract: A guideway and support structure (50) for supporting an elevated guideway (52) for a railed-vehicle (54) include individual unassembled components sized for easy transport. The components may be prefabricated with known materials and methods and transported to an installation site to be assembled together. The support structure (50) is preferably cantilevered and sized to support one or two vehicle guideways (52). The support structure (50) may include a pile foundation (56) for improved support during seismic activity and to facilitate installation on existing streets and sidewalks without covering or interfering with underground plumbing or utilities. Preferably, multiple sections of the guideway (52) are rigidly secured together through expansion joints (51) to define a continuous guideway (53) such that loads on the guideway (53) are distributed over multiple columns (60).

Abstract: A hurricane-resistant storm window assembly including at least one window pane member which consists of a first lami-glass substrate which is substantially {fraction (9/32)} of an inch (2.7 mm) thick; a second lami-glass substrate which is substantially {fraction (9/32)} of an inch (2.7 mm) thick; and a vinyl layer which is substantially 0.060 of an inch laminating the first lami-glass substrate and the second lami-substrate together. A window frame surrounding an outer perimeter edge of the at least one window pane member.

Abstract: A flooring assembly consists essentially of a stable sub-flooring and a flooring applied thereon over a wide area with at least one floor element for insertion into a gap in the flooring at substantially the same level having different properties than the flooring. In order to avoid retroactive work on the sub-flooring, a placement aid is provided for in the form of a casing whose inner contour approximately corresponds to that of the floor element and whose outer contour to that of the gap and whose height corresponds approximately to the thickness of the flooring and which is mounted to the sub-flooring structure in a similar manner as the flooring. The casing has a lid which can be removed, after placement and flush fitting of the flooring to the casing, for insertion of the floor elements.

Abstract: A shear wall construction and method for assembling the same is disclosed. A plywood sheet includes close laterally-spaced pairs of vertical studs or posts proximate each lateral end. A channel-defining member is fitted and fixed between the spaced studs. A tie member extends from the channel-defining member into a concrete foundation or other underlying building element. A track is also provided for sheathing a lower edge of the shear wall. Protrusions from the metal track aid in anchoring the shear wall to the concrete foundation.

Abstract: A masonry block drainage system comprising a sheet-like waterproofing strip for water-sealing the top of masonry blocks having vertically-extending cavities, at least one drainage fabric member, and at least one weep member for draining water from the drainage fabric member.

Abstract: Rigid structural members, profiles, joints, and forms added to structural sandwich panels to provide higher strength, integral joining joint, and single facing sheet manufacturing. Facing sheets (20) and (22), rigid structural members (24) and (26), latch side and pin side cam-locks (34) and (32), fabricated wire truss assembly (48), and rigid structural headers (28) and (30) and an integrated top plate (29) are positioned into containment form assembly (58) in the proper position. Facing sheets (20) and (22) are placed in position in the containment form assembly (58) forming a structural sandwich panel assembly. A foam resin core material (40) is injected into the structural sandwich panel assembly and allowed to cure. The resultant structural sandwich panel includes rigid structural members (24) and (26) and elongated recesses (36) and (38) which also form a joint for joining abutting structural sandwich panels together and cam-locks (32) and (34) used to secure adjoining panels together.

Abstract: A hidden dual loading spring-type floor board fastening mount structure comprised of a plurality of wooden floor boards, fastening mounts, and lengths of soft padding. Each wooden floor board has a tongue and a groove respectively formed along its long and short sides, with the fastening mount having a first tang and a second tang projecting upward from its top surface that enables engagement to the wooden floor boards. The fastening mount has a T-shaped slide block extending from one side and a T-shaped recess formed in its other side. In the invention herein, since the T-shaped slide block of the fastening mount is inserted into the T-shaped recess of another fastener mount and, furthermore, two in-line stays are postured against the two spring holes of another fastener mount, the two adjacent fastener mounts are interconnected into a flexibly extendible and retractable, tie member-form, floor board fastening mount structure, which effectively facilitates the installation of the wooden floor boards.

Abstract: A tile made of stiff molded synthetic resin having edges which overlap when a plurality of tiles are assembled upon a roof and an upper continuous contoured ridge along the upper edge and a lower continuous contoured ridge along the lower edge. The upper and lower ridges being stepped shape to engage with horizontal continuity when a plurality of tiles are assembled upon a roof. A through hole is provided in the lower ridge which aligns with a slot in the upper ridge to allow a screw to pass therethrough fastening two contiguous rows of tiles to a supporting structure.

Abstract: A modular construction system for reducing costs and improving the long term structural integrity of buildings. The modular construction system includes a plurality of lateral members which are stackable and couplable end-to-end with other lateral members, a plurality of anchor members which are couplable to a foundation of a building and include an eye portion, a plurality of anchor segments which include a hook portion for engaging the eye portion of the anchor member and are positionable through a bore of the lateral members for securing the lateral members to the foundation, and a plurality of fastener members which are each couplable to an associated one of the anchor segments to prevent the lateral members from being lifted away from the foundation.

Abstract: A vehicle door panel and method for roll forming the vehicle door panel are provided. The vehicle door panel has an exterior side and an interior side including a number of longitudinal protrusions formed during the roll forming process. The predetermined number of longitudinal protrusions extends inward from the interior side and receives door hardware components. The door hardware components are installed onto the vehicle door panel forming a vehicle door module. The vehicle door module is then attached to the vehicle door.

Abstract: A method of building a log structure using naturally-shaped logs is provided. The method involves stacking layers of the log structure upon one another in a rough approximation of the final desired positioning, determining the distance of the greatest gap existing between the pairs of logs at each layer, determining groove cuts to be made for every log in the same layer using the same vertical groove dimension, determining a dimension of a final notch cut to be made in the logs of the lowest layer stacked according to this invention, and determining the final notch cuts to be made at layers above according to a relationship among the vertical groove dimensions that were marked for each of the grooves in a single layer and the dimension of the final notch cut determined for the lowest layer of logs stacked according to the present invention.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for checking (cigarette) packs for the correct positioning of material strips. In order to check the correct position of a material strip (11) on a cigarette pack (10), at least two sensors are used to compare spaced-apart measurement or checking points (19, 20) in terms of the relative position in relation to one another. This gives the relative position of the material strip (11). If the latter is in a skewed position, the relevant cigarette pack (10) is separated out.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for apparatus for bagging a plurality of filled bags, such as 5-lb., 10-lb. or 15-lb. potatoes, into a larger baler bag, such as a 50 or 60 lb. baler bag, has a chute for receiving the filled bags and defining a path of travel for the filled bags. A plurality of flaps are movably coupled to the chute at spaced apart locations along the length of the chute to define a plurality of sequential stops. The flaps move between a first stop position extending into the path of travel of the filled bags, and a second pass position extending out of the path of travel of the filled bags. The plurality of flaps move sequentially from the upper end of the chute to the lower end between the first stop position and the second pass position, such that the filled bags are sequentially lowered from one flap to another. A plurality of baler bag heads have pivoting flap members secured to a collar for holding the baler bags between the flaps and lips on the collar.

Abstract: A bottle-capping machine has a rotor rotatable about a substantially stationary horizontal axis and having radially oppositely outwardly directed arms each having an outer end formed as a seat adapted to hold one of the caps. A conveyor moves the bottles through a fitting station below the axis and a downwardly open magazine holding a stack of the caps in a pick-off station above the axis is vertically displaceable between a lower position with the stack engageable with the seat in the pick-off station and an upper position with the stack clear of the seat in the pick-off station. A vertically displaceable stripper element fixed to the magazine is engageable with the cap on the seat in the fitting station to strip the cap from the seat in the fitting station and apply it to the neck of a bottle in the fitting station.

Abstract: This invention relates to a single-piece carrier for unitizing a plurality of containers with a retainer sheet integrated with a film sleeve. The retainer sheet may comprise a thicker material than the film sleeve. The retainer sheet comprises a plurality of container receiving openings for engaging a top portion of each container while the film sleeve surrounds the plurality of containers. Packages may comprise one or more layers of containers within the film sleeve.

Abstract: A blow molded, bi-axially oriented plastic canister or container has a generally cylindrical body, a bottom, and a tapering upper portion, which terminates at a wide mouth or opening surrounded by a radially outwardly directed annular flange having an inwardly facing corner. A generally disc-shaped closure insert having a circumferential rim and a dispensing outlet is placed across the opening such that the closure rim is generally fitted into the corner of the annular flange. Heat or some other form of energy is applied to the entirety of the annular flange, which in response shrinks to tightly conform to and engage the closure rim, forming a circumferential seal. The dispensing outlet may be provided with an outlet closure, such as a screw cap or the like. Also, a sealant may be disposed between the annular flange and the closure rim before the heat is applied in order to form an enhanced seal.

Abstract: A stretch wrap device for wrapping a raised pallet with stretch wrap. The stretch wrap device includes a carriage assembly, a frame assembly and a lever assembly. The frame assembly is securely attached to a top surface of the carriage assembly and extends upwardly therefrom. The lever assembly moves a roll of the stretch wrap around a raised pallet. The lever assembly is rotatably coupled to the frame assembly. The stretch wrap is positioned on the lever assembly such that the stretch wrap may be wound about the pallet along an axis orientated generally parallel to a plane of a bottom surface of the pallet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for retaining closure of shells of raw molluscan shellfish prior to high pressure processing involves positioning of heat-shrinkable band around each individual shellfish. The shellfish is then exposed to heated air of about 300-400 degrees Fahrenheit to 2-3 seconds, a time sufficient to cause shrinking of the band and secure adherence of the band to the shells. To prevent denaturing of raw shellfish the banded shellfish is then immediately exposed to a stream of cold air, about 30 degrees Fahrenheit for 1 second. Cooling of the banded shellfish arrests the heating process and helps retain sensory qualities of the product.

Abstract: A bag filling apparatus comprises a filling head, a structure providing suspension points for suspending a bag in registry with the filling head and a rigging arrangement for sealing the bag with the filling head. The rigging arrangement includes a rigging ring for use in locating an inlet of the bag. The support structure and the rigging ring are movable independently of the filling head between a lower position facilitating rigging of the bag loops and the bag inlet to the suspension points and the rigging ring and an upper position in which the bag loops are raised and the rigging ring is registered with the filling head.

Abstract: Each crop consolidating auger assembly of a harvester includes an elongated, inner, stationary support that is mounted on the sidewall of the header in a cantilevered manner and extends inwardly from the sidewall into overlying relationship with the floor of the header. A longer, flighted housing of the assembly circumscribes the support and is rotatably carried thereby in coaxial relationship therewith. A hydraulic motor carried by the support adjacent its inboard end is drivingly connected to the interior surface of the wall of the housing by structure in the form of an annular connecting member and appropriate fasteners.

Abstract: A combine header attachment system for preventing grain and crop heads from falling onto the ground when the crops are being combined. The combine header attachment system includes a plurality of brace members each being designed for coupling to a header of a combine. Each of a plurality of channel members are coupled to an associated one of the brace members. Each of the channel members has a hook portion. The hook portion of each of the channel members extends from a free end of an associated one of the channel members. The hook portion of each of the channel members is for inhibiting the crop heads from falling off of the free end of the associated one of the channel members.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ring twisting and winding spinning machine with autonomous and independent unitary production modules.

Abstract: The present invention provides a spinning apparatus comprising a spinning member U composed of a nozzle a nozzle member for generating a whirling current and a non-rotary hollow guide shaft member, wherein a yarn passing hole 7b near a tip portion 7a of a hollow guide shaft member 7 is formed to be non-circular. The non-circular yarn passing hole near the tip portion of the hollow guide shaft member makes it possible to vary the whirling speed of reversed fibers whirled in a circumferential direction, thereby increasing the amount of hairinesses occurring in a spun-out yarn. Consequently, a soft spun yarn with many hairinesses can be manufactured without reducing the strength of the generated spun yarn.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of assembling a joint of an endless track chain for track-type machines to prevent endplay in the joint is disclosed. The joint includes a pair of links and a cylindrical pin. Each link includes a outwardly offset outboard end collar having a boss extending outwardly therefrom and a bore therethrough. Each boss has an outer surface. The pin includes opposite end portions. Each end portion is pressed and non-rotatably mounted into respective one of the bores of the outboard end collars. The method comprises the steps of forming an annular groove about each of the end portions, placing a swage tool against the outer side surface of the boss in axial alignment with the pin, and applying a sufficient force on the swage tool to form at least one mechanically formed nodule protruding from the outer side surface into a respective ones of the grooves. The nodule having a cross-sectional configuration substantially conforming to the groove.

Abstract: Bracelet comprising a plurality of rows of links, each row of links comprising at least two links traversed by a rod engaged in at least one link of the next row, so as to join both rows in an articulate manner. The rod is constituted of a pin and a head screwed in an opening tapped in the pin. The next row of links can be disassembled by removing first the left link, by unscrewing the head, then by removing the right link with the pin.

Abstract: A system for controlling one or more jet engine thrust reversers includes a motor, a speed sensor, and a controller circuit. The motor is coupled to one or more jet engine moveable thrust reverser components for moving the one or more moveable thrust reverser components to at least a deployed position. The speed sensor is operable to sense the a rotational speed of the motor. The controller circuit has an output coupled to the motor for selectively energizing and deenergizing the motor in response to the speed sensor sensing that the rotational speed of the motor is, respectively, at or above a first predetermined rotational speed and at or below a second predetermined rotational speed. The system controls the deployment operation of the jet engine thrust reversers such that unwanted mechanical and electrical loads are avoided.

Abstract: An ignition system for combustion chambers of rocket engines has a first fuel tank for a first fuel constituent and a second fuel tank for a second fuel constituent, both of which are separated from the fuel tanks of the rocket engine. Feed pipes (3, 4) for the respective fuel constituent are arranged between the igniter and a fuel tank.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring a conditioning catalyst positioned upstream of an oxygen sensor used for feedback control of an internal combustion engine include comparing shapes of an upstream oxygen sensor signal and of the signal from the oxygen sensor used for feedback control of the engine while ignoring the signal amplitudes and mean values. Operational efficiency of the conditioning catalyst is determined based on a measure of the relative similarity or difference between the two signals.

Abstract: A controller (6) computes an oxygen storage amount of a catalyst (3) separately as a high speed component/amount and a low speed component/amount according to predetermined release/adsorption characteristics. A target air-fuel ratio of an engine is computed and the air-fuel ratio of the engine is controlled so that the high speed component is maintained constant. The target air-fuel ratio of the engine (1) is limited by an upper limiter and lower limiter so that the high speed component converges to the target value, an excessively large variation of the air-fuel ratio is prevented, and impairment of drivability and fuel cost-performance is also prevented. Further, after lean running due to fuel cut, etc., the lower limiter is lowered to the rich side, and the oxygen storage amount is rapidly induced to converge on the target value.

Abstract: A superintegration of heat exchanger and a typical three way catalyst is disclosed for controlling the temperature of the air entering an internal combustion engine in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine system. The superintegrated heat exchanger includes a typical catalyst reaction chamber, a coolant pipe coil and a heat exchange unit. A portion of the fresh air induced into air pathway in the superintegrated heat exchanger is preheated by coolant pipe coil and hot surface of the three way catalyst and then is finally heated by exhaust gas through a heat exchanger unit. The heated air is fed back to an intake temperature control valve and is mixed with another portion of fresh air after a Y junction following engine throttle. The intake temperature control valve driven by a step motor can precisely and rapidly control the temperature of fresh and heated air mixture by a locally close-loop controller.

Abstract: A variable stall speed control (VSC) device for use with a non-lockup torque converter of an automatic transmission of an engine for improving the stall speed property of a mechanical power transmission torque converter. The VSC device hydraulically alters and varies the preset RPM stall range of a torque converter associated with an automatic transmission of an engine while maintaining or improving its coupling efficiency. This is accomplished by activating the VSC system which closes the fluid circuit to the converter to relieve the internal converter fluid pressure in order to allow the existing pressure in the converter to cause a discharge of a portion of its fluid. This reduces the amount of fluid and pressure in the torque converter allowing the impeller to rotate faster with the same amount of engine input torque. This results in an immediate increase in the stall (slip) speed of the torque converter. The VSC system is deactivated when the desired stall speed of the converter is reached.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a device for digital hydraulic pressure transformation with low loss, intended for flow—and power control for hydraulic machines, particularly hydraulic cylinders, which via a switching device are connected to a pressure reservoir with constant high pressure. According to the invention an intermediate mass is present between the switching device and the hydraulic machine which mass is activated by the flowing medium, the intermediate mass being of such size that the average velocity of the flow in the pipe during the open period of the switching device is sufficiently low to bring the hydraulic medium into the hydraulic machine so slowly, that the pressure change at the location of the hydraulic machine is smaller than the pressure difference between the reservoir and the momentary pressure at the location of the hydraulic machine, as result of which a gradual stepwise rising or lowering of said pressure level is made possible.

Abstract: A speed control apparatus and method of a working vehicle which can reduce a working speed and a traveling speed of the vehicle to a desired speed range in correspondence to a change of working conditions at a time of a vehicle crane operation. A controller sets an optional hydraulic pump absorbing curve when an operator selects the crane operation mode. When the speed is adjusted by the operator, a pump tilt and rotation angle is automatically controlled to a pump absorbing torque in correspondence to the crane working speed along the optional pump absorbing torque curve.

Abstract: In a direct drive type hydraulic pump, the displacement of the hydraulic pump is forcedly changed to a desired displacement according to an instruction of a channel different from a usual instruction, thereby changing to a desired displacement quickly with good responsivity. When an emergency brake switch is turned on, an emergency brake signal is entered an emergency brake control valve. Thus, an emergency brake signal pressure is entered a piston through an emergency brake signal oil passage, and a piston is forcedly positioned in a neutral position. In other words, the piston can be forcedly positioned in the neutral position according to the emergency brake signal regardless of the entry of a usual brake signal. Therefore, the displacement of the hydraulic pump can be forcedly changed to the neutral position (minimum displacement).

Abstract: A hydrostatic transaxle axle assembly for a vehicle has the housing is formed by three housing members, two of which are preferably separable on a parting plane coincident with the longitudinal axes of the axle shafts. One of the housing members being provided with an opening to allow a portion of one of the other housing members to extend through, and where the extending housing member contains within its interior a number of internal fluid passages for fluidly connecting the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic motor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas expansion apparatus which is part of a system for the conversion of thermal energy into motor energy, especially for a hot-water motor.

Abstract: A free-piston device has a stabilized piston drift. A piston having a frequency of reciprocation over a stroke length and with first and second sides facing first and second variable volumes, respectively, for containing a working fluid defining an acoustic wavelength at the frequency of reciprocation. A bypass tube waveguide connects the first and second variable volumes at all times during reciprocation of the piston. The waveguide has a relatively low impedance for steady flow and a relatively high impedance for oscillating flow at the frequency of reciprocation of the piston, so that steady flow returns fluid leakage from about the piston between the first and second volumes while oscillating flow is not diverted through the waveguide. Thus, net leakage about the piston is returned during each stroke of the piston while oscillating leakage is not allowed and pressure buildup on either the first or second side of the piston is avoided to provide a stable piston location.

Abstract: In a braking pressure intensifying master cylinder, as an input shaft (53) travels forwards in a braking maneuver, a control valve (54) is actuated to develop fluid pressure according to the input in a reaction chamber (38) and a pressurized chamber (35). A stepped spool (45) as a part of the control valve 54 travels such that force produced by the fluid pressure and spring force of a spring (51) are balanced, whereby the stepped spool (45) can function as a travel simulator. By changing the pressure receiving areas of the stepped spool and/or changing the spring force of the spring (51), the travel characteristic of the input shaft (53) as the input side can be freely changed independently from the output side, without influence on a master cylinder pressure as the output side of the braking pressure intensifying a master cylinder (1). In addition, the master cylinder pressure can be intensified when necessary with a simple structure.

Abstract: Engines having turbochargers with a mechanically actuated wastegate typically control the wastegate in response to the air pressure at an outlet of a compressor portion of the turbocharger. Some engine configurations don't provide enough compressor outlet pressure variation to suitably control the wastegate. In the present invention, a control strategy is provided for opening and closing a wastegate based on exhaust gas pressure.

Abstract: The present invention contemplates an apparatus for forming a combustion mixture in a gas turbine engine. In one form, the apparatus includes a diffuser having at least two flowpath structures spaced apart to define a flowpath for directing fluid flow. At least one of the flowpath structures includes a flowpath surface and a plurality of edges disposed along a trailing end portion of the flowpath surface. The edges extend perpendicularly from the flowpath surface and are arranged generally parallel to the fluid flow to define a plurality of corners. A fluid vortex is generated as the fluid flow rolls over each of the corners. A spray ring is disposed along a trailing edge of one of the flowpath structures and is integrally attached to the diffuser. The spray ring includes a plurality of fuel delivery apertures adapted to spray fuel into respective ones of the fluid vortices to form the combustion mixture.

Abstract: A power generating system and method operating at high pressure and utilizing a working fluid consisting of a mixture of compressed non-flammable air components, fuel combustion products and steam. The working fluid is substantially free of CO and NOx. Fuel and compressed air at an elevated temperature and at a constant pressure are delivered to a combustion chamber, the amount of air being chosen so that at least about 90% of the oxygen in the air is consumed during combustion. The quantity of air and fuel supplied to the combustion chamber may be varied provided a constant fuel to air ratio is maintained. Superheated water is delivered under pressure to the combustion chamber, and is converted substantially instantaneously to steam. The quantity of water delivered is controlled such that the latent heat of vaporization of the water maintains the temperature of the working fluid at a desired level.