Abstract: A harvester with a control system responsive to at least one crop processing variable for automatically controlling forward speed of the harvester includes a crop presence responsive switch connected to an automatic harvester control system. The switch, preferably a proximity switch responsive to movement of the feeder house drum from an empty feeder house limit position, provides a signal in response to crop entering the feeder house for initiating the automatic speed control of the harvester after the header receives the crop and prior to the crop entering the processing structure. The automatic control initiation structure is particularly useful with an automatic combine throughput control and eliminates unstable operation resulting from delayed control initiation. The switch is part of an adjustable down stop mechanism for the feeder house drum.

Abstract: An integrated combine reel drive system for an agricultural vehicle such as a combine harvester, the drive system having the features of a single integrated hydraulic circuit for activating multiple hydraulic devices carried by the agricultural vehicle. The integrated circuit includes a header circuit, wherein the header circuit includes a steering circuit, an implement circuit, and a reel circuit. The header circuit includes two valve stacks for operating multiple hydraulic devices which enables the integrated circuit to drive the multiple hydraulic devices using manageable hydraulic pressures. Specifically, the integrated hydraulic circuit activates a hydraulic power steering mechanism, a hydraulic header adjusting apparatus and other hydraulic devices associated with the header, a hydraulic drive for the reel, and a hydraulic positioning mechanism for the reel of an agricultural vehicle.

Abstract: The mechanism alters the position of a set of auger fingers positioned in front of a feederhouse opening relative to auger fingers on the outer ends of a transverse auger of a header of a combine harvester. A center finger auger shaft is positioned between two outer finger auger shafts. An outer shaft plate having a series of radially place holes may be adjusted to change the position of a center shaft plate. This changes the position of the center auger finger shaft affixed to the center shaft plate. This permits the auger fingers to be moved either towards or away from the header floor.

Abstract: A mower-conditioner includes a header or platform which is equipped with a rotary disc cutter bar having a relatively long length with at least two cutting units being outboard of a central discharge passage where a pair of conditioner rolls are mounted for receiving the cut crop. Aiding in conveying crop to the discharge passage are right- and left-hand sets of three crop converging drums provided at each side of the discharge passage. The outer drums of the two sets are respectively mounted to the top of the right- and left-hand end cutting units of the cutter bar while the other two drums on each side are located behind an inward and rearward extending line that is tangent to the cylindrical path traced by the outer and inner ones of the drums on each side of the discharge passage. In one embodiment, a direct drive transmission is provided, and in a second embodiment a hydraulic motor is provided, for driving the inner two converging drums of each set.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a crop collector, the head on a crop collector and substantially straight elongate guards on the head. The head includes a rotating reel with sets of radially spaced apart tines disposed around an arbor, with the tine sets spaced axially along the reel. The head includes a housing having substantially straight elongate guards, also know as strippers, intermediate adjacent tine sets. The guards are configured for mounting to the crop collector in an arcing configuration. The guards are made of a lightweight flexible plastic type material in one embodiment, such as polyethylene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a double twisting twister machine with precision weave pickup, which is characterized in that the production modules are designed to work autonomously and independently and that it is especially designed with directly motorized spindles to work with threads having different diameters (titer) and both natural and synthetic materials wound in large size bobbins with precision weaving. The modules can work simultaneously at full capacity since all elements are independent.

Abstract: The invention relates to false twist nozzles by means of which one or more threads are impinged upon with an intensive twisting flow. At least one part of the conventional mechanic false twist producing devices can be replaced by optimising the air channels by means of a powerful twisting flow. A twist insertion plate is the new central element. A false twist nozzle is provided with at least one plate as the twist insertion plate having a continuous yarn channel component and a tangential channel and at least one element having an air supply device that extends in parallel in relation to the axis of the yarn channel, corresponds to the twist insertion plate and flows into the acceleration channel. The inventive solution enables a plurality of embodiments for a single thread or yarn sheet treatment. S and Z twist can be freely combined. The false twist nozzles can be used as subassemblies block by block or individually.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a pneumatic spinning apparatus (1) for producing a yarn or thread spun from fibres. In a nozzle block (2) a hollow room (3) with a spindle (5) is arranged. At least one jet nozzle (4) serves for generating a rotating air stream in the hollow room (3). Opposite the spindle (5) a fibre guide means (6) is arranged, which in the yarn forming process serves as a false core. A fibre guide duct (11) merges from the exterior into the hollow room (3) at the foot end of the fibre guide means (6). The fibre guide duct (11) presents a variable cross-section along its length.

Abstract: Several methods of forming links are disclosed, whereby the outer peripheries of such links are contoured prior to assembly into rope chains. In one embodiment, the wire used in the formation of intertwinable links is contoured and then cut into individual, pre-contoured links. In another embodiment, the outer periphery of non-contoured links are individually contoured prior to the intertwining of such links to form actual rope chains. In another embodiment, individual links are stamped with inner and outer peripheries of different shapes. In yet another embodiment, individual links are collectively contoured, preferably after arrangement on a support such as an ice lathe or a mandril. Such contouring can be accomplished by hand, machine or the like. If such links are not already provided with a gap, then a gap can be formed into the links as part of the contouring step.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fence chain indicator enabling a single type of sheet body made of either a luminous material or a luminescent material to be attached to fence chain ring bodies of different dimensions, and also enabling this sheet body to be securely fastened. The fence chain indicator comprises a sheet body 10 which has flexibility, is made from either a luminous material or a luminescent material, and provided with fastening portions 11, 12 which are opened, at the opposite ends thereof, and is constituted such that a fastening member 13, which is provided with engagement grooves 13a for locking, is integrally attached to one end of the above-mentioned sheet body 10; a mating portion 14 is formed in the other end for mating with the above-mentioned fastening member 13; and a through-hole 15 of the above-mentioned fastening member 13 is formed in approximately the center portion of the above-mentioned sheet body 10.

Abstract: A combustion chamber system of a spark-ignition linear engine includes a pre-combustion chamber and a main combustion chamber separated by a combustion control wall. The pre-combustion chamber has a length substantially greater than its width to support the propagation of more organized flame fronts that push unburned fuel and air into the main combustion chamber. The pre-combustion chamber can be arranged to define a multi-stage annular structure comprising a plurality of pre-combustion chamber sections fluidically connected together in an axially stacked array wherein the main combustion chamber can be co-axially housed or accommodated internally within the annular pre-combustion chamber structure.

Abstract: A turbofan engine throttle control system and method for eliminating dead bands in the throttle control by decreasing and increasing the fuel flow to the engine during transition from the scheduled core speed to scheduled fan speed of the engine to effect a smooth and continuous transition from the core speed to the fan speed and vice-versa. A signal is generated to open and close a valve system to augment and decrease the fuel flow in response to sensing different throttle lever angles.

Abstract: A diesel engine (1) provided with a NOx catalyst (28A) and a diesel particulate filter (28B) performs lean burn operation during normal running, rich burn operation during regeneration of the NOx catalyst (28A), operation under the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio during desulphating of the NOx catalyst (28A), and operation under a slightly lean air-fuel ratio to regenerate the filter after desulphating of the NOx catalyst (28A). When the lean burn operation is applied, a controller (31) first controls the fuel injection amount, and controls an air supply amount based on the fuel injection amount. When rich burn operation is applied, the controller (31) first controls the air supply amount and controls the fuel injection amount based on the air supply amount. Due to this control, the response of the excess air factor control is enhanced while preventing torque fluctuation accompanying the variation of the target excess air factor.

Abstract: In addition to the first exhaust emission purification device (12) arranged in an exhaust passage of the engine, having the first continuously regenerating type DPF (12A) and the first SCR catalyst (12B), in the bypass exhaust passage (101) there is provided the second exhaust emission purification device (13) having the second continuously regenerating type DPF (13A) and the second SCR catalyst (13B) to constitute the exhaust emission purification system for the diesel engine. In addition, when the exhaust gas temperature is within the low-temperature region lower than the predetermined temperature region, the exhaust gas temperature is raised, and after the exhaust gas is caused to pass through the second exhaust emission purification device (13), control is made so as to pass through the first exhaust emission purification device (12).

Abstract: A vehicle includes an engine that has a plurality of cylinders and that generates exhaust gas. A catalytic converter reduces harmful emissions from the exhaust gas after achieving a light off temperature. A controller is connected to the engine and the catalytic converter. The controller deactivates the cylinder(s) of the engine before the catalytic converter achieves the light off temperature if the engine is operating at idle or low load. The controller waits a first period before deactivating the cylinder(s). The controller optimizes engine operating parameters to reduce a second period that is required to achieve the light off temperature. A temperature sensor is connected to the controller and senses ambient temperature. The controller does not deactivate the cylinders if the ambient temperature is below a first predetermined temperature. The controller activates all of the cylinders if the engine is operating at high load.

Abstract: A catalytic converter assembly comprises a housing having an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet. A first chamber enclosed by the housing receives incoming exhaust gas and a second chamber contains a catalyst bed. Gas flows from the first chamber to the second chamber through an exhaust gas passage. A perforated enclosure surrounds the gas passage within said first chamber to induce a region of turbulence in the exhaust gas flow within the enclosure immediately upstream of the passage; An injector extends into the enclosure for injecting a reducing agent into the region of turbulence so that the reducing agent rapidly dispersed and mixed within the exhaust gas flow before reaching the catalyst bed.

Abstract: A stator disposed between an impeller and a turbine of a torque converter including: an annular shell; an annular core disposed radially outside the shell; and a plurality of stator blades connecting the shell and the core. Each blade comprises a leading edge adjacent to the turbine, a trailing edge adjacent to the impeller, a streamlined concave surface extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge and substantially facing the turbine, and a streamlined convex surface extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge and substantially facing the impeller. A cross-sectional area of the stator blade increases as it approaches the shell. A predetermined gap is formed between the neighboring stator blades such that the neighboring stator blades do not overlap with one another.

Abstract: The displacement of fluid translating devices are normally controlled by changing the angle of an eccentric or a cam plate to change the pumping stroke of the pistons within the device. In the subject arrangement, the displacement of the fluid translating device is controlled by controlling the flow being delivered into or away from each of the associated pressure chambers defined therein by the respective ones of a plurality of pistons. By not permitting the flow from every piston to be directed into useful work, the volume of fluid being directed into or away from the fluid translating device can be altered. Likewise, the direction of fluid flow within the fluid translating device can be selectively changed thus permitting the subject fluid translating device to be capable of pumping or motoring in both directions of flow relative to the first and second inlet/outlet ports thereof.

Abstract: A hydraulic system, particularly suitable for use in a work machine, is provided with a hydraulic pressure source. A hydraulic transformer has an inlet and an outlet, with the inlet being coupled with the pressure source. A bypass valve operatively couples at least one hydraulic motor selectively either with the pressure source or the hydraulic transformer outlet, depending upon an operating characteristic associated with at least one hydraulic motor. Each hydraulic motor is operated at a high efficiency by providing the inlet hydraulic fluid at an amplified or non-amplified state.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the method and installation to apply ocean energy to power generation. It is consisted of the floater, lever, chain, ratchet wheel, flywheel, generator, cable, etc. It is characterized by the fact that the float and weight fixed to it move up and down with the motion of wave, which drive the strength enlargement mechanism made up of a number of levers to travel alternately and pull the heavy flywheel to rotate constantly. By this way, the generator runs and yields electricity. The present invention has simple structure and high efficiency and can easily increase or decrease the enlargement mechanism according to the capacity of generation. This installation with low cost can be widely utilized for pollution-free power generation in the coast.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, particularly suitable for use in a work machine, is provided with an exhaust manifold, a turbocharger, and a bypass venturi assembly. The turbocharger includes a turbine and a compressor, with the turbine having a variable geometry inlet coupled with the exhaust manifold, and the compressor having an outlet. The bypass venturi assembly includes a housing having an outlet, a combustion air inlet and an exhaust gas inlet. The combustion air inlet is coupled with the compressor outlet. The exhaust gas inlet is coupled with the exhaust manifold. A center piece is positioned within the housing and is in communication with the combustion air inlet. The center piece defines a combustion air bypass section therein. A combustion air bypass valve is positioned in association with the combustion air bypass section. The exhaust gas valve is positioned in association with the exhaust gas inlet.

Abstract: An electrical preheater for a turbine inlet of a turbocharger for an internal combustion engine. An electric motor/generator is drivingly coupled to the turbocharger, and electrically connected to a storage device. The electrical preheater is powered by the storage device to heat a stream of exhaust gases entering the turbocharger turbine from the engine exhaust manifold. The preheater provides an additional control of the turbocharger performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronically driven pressure boosting system that is used to boost the torque output of an internal combustion engine. The system comprises an electrically driven pressure charging device, an electrical supply system for providing electrical power to drive the pressure charging device including a battery and an engine-driven battery recharger, and an electronic control system for controlling the operation of the pressure charging device and the electrical supply system. The electronic control system determines one or more allowable operating limits to the operation of the pressure charging device based on the state of the electrical supply system, and drives the pressure charging device using the engine-driven battery recharger when the state of the electrical supply system is within an acceptable range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronically driven pressure boosting system that is used to boost the torque output of an internal combustion engine. The system comprises an electrically driven supercharger, an electrical supply system for providing electrical power to drive the pressure charging device including a battery and an engine-driven battery recharger, a switch to connect and disconnect the battery and recharger and an engine control system for controlling the switch and the operation of the pressure charging device. The engine control system is used to determine a capacity utilization of the electrical supply system, and then to control the switch to isolate at least partially the battery from the engine-driven battery recharger and drive the pressure charging device using the battery when said capacity utilization is above a first threshold.

Abstract: Methods for controlling intake air flow to an internal combustion engine having an output shaft driven by the internal combustion engine, an intake air pipe, an exhaust gas pipe, a compressor located in the intake air pipe, a turbine located in the exhaust gas pipe, a transmission system connecting turbine, compressor, and output shaft for energy transfer between the turbine and compressor, between the turbine and output shaft, and between the output shaft and compressor. The transmission system includes a variable transmission between the output shaft and compressor and a control means for controlling the gear ratio in the variable transmission.

Abstract: A closed loop Rankine bottoming cycle including a heat exchanger coupled to an exhaust port of a first turbogenerator for heating a pressurized refrigerant into a gaseous phase, and a second turbogenerator (e.g., a turbo expander) coupled to the heat exchanger for expanding the gaseous phase so as to create power. Also included is a cooling mechanism coupled to an exhaust of the second turbogenerator for cooling the gaseous phase exhausted by the second turbogenerator into a liquid phase, and a pumping mechanism for pressurizing the liquid phase into the pressurized refrigerant heated by the heat exchanger. A computer program product and method for operating and synchronizing the generator included in the closed loop, so as to optimize the overall system efficiency is also included.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas turbine combustor comprising an air passage to supply air to the inside; and a fuel nozzle which is provided with an injection port to inject fuel and disposed in the air passage, wherein a turbulence producing means adjacent to the injection port of the fuel nozzle is provided in the air passage. Further, the present invention relates to a gas turbine combustor comprising an air passage to supply air to the inside; and a fuel nozzle which is provided with an injection port to inject fuel and disposed in the air passage, wherein a diffuser portion is provided in the air passage, and the diffuser portion causes the cross-sectional area of a part of the air passage positioned in the vicinity of the injection port to be smaller than that, of a downstream portion of the air passage positioned downstream from the injection port in the direction of the airflow. Thus, the mixing action of fuel and air can be enhanced, and combustion vibration can be prevented.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward an ecology valve that drains working fuel to the sump chamber of the ecology valve upon engine shut down. The ecology valve has a piston slidable in the piston chamber between shut-off and run positions. The piston divides the piston chamber into a sump chamber and an actuation chamber. Upon engine shut down, the piston slides toward the shut-off position and suctions sufficient fuel from the fuel manifold into the sump chamber to prevent coking of the nozzles. Upon the next engine start up, the actuation chamber is pressurized which drives the piston toward the run position and returns fuel contained in sump chamber to the fuel manifold. A drain passageway opens and fluidically connects the actuation chamber to sump chamber when the piston is sliding toward the shut-off position which allows fuel contained in the actuation chamber to drain to the sump chamber.

Abstract: An atomizer for use with a combustor in a gas turbine has a body with a fuel passageway extending through the center of the body. A plurality of channels extends within the body about the passageway centerline, and are oriented along a circumferential angle about the passageway centerline to deliver air at the discharge end of the passageway with an axially whirling motion. The channels are simultaneously oriented along an axial angle about the passageway centerline, thereby directing the flow of air to converge toward the passageway centerline, mix with the fuel, and then at least in part diverge from the passageway centerline. The whirling air intersects with the fuel at the exit of the nozzle to effectively atomize both the air and fuel thereby providing a homogeneous air/fuel mixture to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method of engine starting in a gas turbine engine comprises rotating the engine to provide an air flow into a combustor of the engine and injecting fuel into the combustor at a varying rate until the engine is lighted-off. The varying rate of the fuel flow is a function of time and is represented by a curve having at least one high frequency with respect to a light-off time, representing instant changes of the rate for intersecting a light-off zone while reducing a quantity of fuel injected into the combustor. After the light-off occurrence fuel is continuously injected into the combustor to accelerate the engine to a self-sustaining operation condition. This method of the present invention is adapted to find light-off points under various temperature and altitude conditions, thereby advantageously providing a rapid light-off, particularly under cold weather conditions.

Abstract: A bearing housing includes inner and outer shells through which a rotor shaft may extend. A service tube is fixedly joined to the inner shell and extends through a service aperture in the outer shell. A flexible coupling sealingly joins the service tube to the outer shell at the service aperture for permitting differential thermal movement between the inner and outer shells at the service tube.

Abstract: A combination of a computer and an external heat transfer module to improve the heat removing capability of a computer's internal heat removal system, the combination includes a computer with a thermal interface port connected to the computer's internal heat removal system and a heat transfer module connected to the thermal interface port. The heat transfer module has a heat dissipation component and at least one heat transfer conduit having one end thermally coupled to the computer's internal heat removal system, and the other end thermally coupled to the heat dissipation component.

Abstract: A fuel supply system has a pump, a common rail, and injectors. Pressurized fuel is stored in the common rail. The common rail distributes the fuel to the injectors. A liquid fuel and a liquefied gas fuel such as dimethyl ether and a liquefied petroleum gas may be used as a fuel. In each injector, a valve element is actuated directly by an electromagnetic actuator. The injector has a low pressure chamber for decreasing a biasing force which acts on the valve element in a valve closing direction. The valve element can be divided for replacement. The injector has means for suppressing the bounce of the valve element. A hydraulic unit which utilizes the fuel suppresses the bounce of the valve element. The fuel supply system is connected to a refrigerating cycle. The fuel leaking from the fuel supply system is cooled and again liquefied by the refrigerating cycle.

Abstract: A cryogenic fluid jet is used in an apparatus and a method for remote cooling of a cutting tool engaged in machining a workpiece under high-energy conditions, such as high-speed machining, hard-turning, cutting of difficult to machine materials, and combinations thereof. The apparatus and method use a stabilized, free-expanding cryogenic fluid jet having a pulse cycle time less than or equal to about 10 seconds. The apparatus and method increase the cleanliness of machined parts and chips and machining productivity of hard but brittle tools, including but not limited to tools which should not be cooled with conventional cooling fluids.

Abstract: A system for providing refrigeration to a chemical processing operation wherein a refrigerant fluid is compressed and cooled, and a portion turboexpanded prior to being passed to a chemical processing operation for direct contact or indirect heat exchange.

Abstract: A multi-temperature refrigerator, of which the evaporators serving for cooling the compartments of different temperature can be activated separately through a 3/2-way solenoid valve, the solenoid valve being followed, for lowering the pressure of the refrigerant in relation to the respective evaporator, by a throttle line includes a marking on the throttle for mounting the line in a correct position on the solenoid valve. The invention forms the marking for the throttle lines with a separate component that can be applied to the throttle line positively and/or nonpositively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display apparatus for a refrigerator. In the present invention, the display apparatus is constructed by using a single-sided board 30 with circuit patterns 32 formed on one side thereof. The single-sided board 30 is formed with through-holes 33 through which jumper wires 34 pass so as to connect circuit patterns spaced far apart from one another among the circuit patterns 32. Remaining portions of the jumper wires 34 except the portions thereof connected to the circuit patterns 32 are disposed on a side of the board with no circuit patterns formed thereon. Light-emitting devices 40 are mounted on the single-sided board 30 so that the circuit patterns 32 and leads 42 of the light-emitting devices are electrically connected with one another. The light-emitting devices 40 receive electrical signals through the circuit patterns 32 by means of the electrical connection of the leads 42 with the circuit patterns 32, and selectively emit light so as to display information.

Abstract: A microprocessor controlled system performs low pressure side pumpdown with the assistance of a service technician. When the refrigerant in the system is transferred to the high pressure side, the low pressure side is available for servicing by the technician.

Abstract: A self-operated regulating valve has a spool (13) moving axially in an internal space of a cylindrical valve body (11). One pressure P1 acts on one end surface of the spool (13), and other pressure P2 acts on the other surface of the spool (13). A through-hole (13a) is provided in the spool (13). When a difference between the one pressure P1 and the other pressure P2 exceeds a set value, the through-hole (13a) and pipe lines (12) connected to the valve body (11) communicate to bring the self-operated regulating valve into an open state.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a climate control system for a motor vehicle (58) which comprises a compressor (14) and a corresponding compressor drive (16), an interior heat exchanger (18), an exterior heat exchanger (36), an expansion element (32) and, if so required, an internal heat exchanger (30). The device is realized in the form of a self-sufficient flat module (12) that is designed for cooling in a cooling mode and for heating in a heat pump mode. The compressor (16) consists of a high-output carbon dioxide compressor that has a small structural volume and is integrated into the module (12) together with the compressor drive (16). The carbon dioxide compressor (14) preferably has an external power control. The module (12) contains an energy connection (54) for only one form of energy in order to supply the drive of the module (12) with energy. The energy connection (54) preferably consists of an electric energy connection with only one voltage level or with several different voltage levels.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooling an integrated circuit die. An integrated circuit package comprises an integrated circuit die. A cooling fluid makes contact with the integrated circuit die. In one embodiment, an interposer is disposed between the integrated circuit die and a package substrate. The integrated circuit die and/or the interposer may have microchannels in its surface.

Abstract: The invention includes a saddle air conditioner. The saddle air conditioner includes a remote unit having a first channel extending from a back of the remote unit. The saddle air conditioner also includes a local unit having a second channel extending from a back of the local unit. The first channel and the second channel overlap to form a bridge disposed between the remote unit and the local unit.

Abstract: A water removal device for refrigeration system comprises an electrode and a voltage source; the voltage source provides voltage for the electrode, which is located under the evaporator of the refrigeration system. Through the electric effect produced by the electrode, the condensed water condensed on the evaporator can be swiftly removed, a result that thoroughly takes advantage of the heat transfer function of the evaporator. In addition, there shall not be any electricity-discharging sparks between the electrode and the evaporator, thus assuring the normal operation of the refrigeration system.

Abstract: A chilled water supply system for a refrigerator is provided. The system includes a water storage tank comprising an outlet leg, and a filter media disposed within said outlet leg.

Abstract: An accumulator dehydrator for cooling circuits with a simplified structure comprising a hollow outer casing (12), cylindrical in shape, provided with a base (13) with a raised thickness, in which an inlet hole (14) and an outlet hole (16) are produced, said hollow outer casing (12) containing a filter element (22), a desiccant bag (31), a U-shaped tube and a diffuser element, in which the U-shaped tube, the filter element and the diffuser element are produced in a single moulded piece (19, 20, 22).

Abstract: Disclosed is a refrigeration cycle and a method for determining a capacity of a receiver of a refrigeration cycle. According to the present invention, the capacity of the receiver can be determined according to the variations of the paths of the condenser, which provides an ability of fully coping with the variations of the cooling load. When the method for determining the capacity of the receiver according to the present invention is applied in the condenser integrated with the receiver, it is possible that an optimal capacity where no brazing failure occurs is obtained, which means the optimal capacity for the receiver can be easily determined.

Abstract: A soil remediation system, such as an in situ thermal desorption system, may be used to treat contaminated soil in a treatment area with an arcuate obstruction in the treatment area. A pattern of wells may be positioned to avoid placing a well in a wall of the obstruction. The well pattern may be oriented based upon the center of the obstruction. A well of the well pattern may be placed at the center of the obstruction. Alternatively, the center of the obstruction may be positioned at a centroid of a unit of the well pattern, or at the midpoint of a side of a unit of the well pattern. The well pattern may be a regular pattern that is positioned so that the arcuate obstruction is placed within a large gap between adjacent orbitals (or rings) of the regular well pattern.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus used to produce krypton and/or xenon by low-temperature fractionation of air, compressed and clean charge air (1) is introduced into a rectification system for nitrogen-oxygen separation. The rectification system includes at least a high-pressure column (2) and a low-pressure column (3). A krypton- and xenon-containing fraction (13, 14, 15, 16) is removed from the high-pressure column (2) and introduced into the evaporation space of a condenser-evaporator (17), where it is partially evaporated. A purge liquid (26) is extracted from the evaporation space of the condenser-evaporator (17) and fed to a krypton-xenon enrichment column (24). A krypton-xenon concentrate (30) is removed from the krypton-xenon enrichment column (24). A liquid from the lower region of the krypton-xenon enrichment column (24) is introduced into a second condenser-evaporator (27), which is separate from the first condenser-evaporator (17).

Abstract: An apparatus and process for producing gaseous oxygen under elevated pressure utilize a distillation column system which has a high-pressure column (106), a low-pressure column (107) located above the high-pressure column (106), and a side condenser (102), which has a liquefaction space and a vaporization space, used to vaporize a liquid oxygen fraction from the low-pressure column (107). The side condenser (102) is located below the high-pressure column (106).

Abstract: A ring body fitted around a finger and a collet for supporting and fixing a stone are constituted of separate members, wherein the collet is positioned between two support members erected on the ring body and is oscillatably supported by loosely fitting struts projecting outward from opposite outer surfaces of the collet and coaxially with each other into bearing holes formed at facing side surfaces of the support members, respectively, and further, the positions of the struts are selected in such a manner that an oscillatory center (x) is located nearer the front side of the stone than the center of gravity of a movable unit consisting of the stone and the collet.