Abstract: A multiway valve, which is more particularly intended for a hand-operated shower, contains several individual valves, whose closure members are fitted to a tiltable element. By tilting the tiltable element, which is supported at one point, some of the plurality of individual valves can be opened and optionally also closed. The multiway valve can be housed in a confined space.

Abstract: A flexible tube for a vacuum system includes a tube body and a cover. The tube body is made of hard material. The tube body has projected parts and depressed parts. The cover is provided over an outer surface of the tube body. The cover is made of elastic material. The cover is in contact with around the projected parts of the tube body and formed over the depressed parts of the tube body so that a vacant space is formed between the tube body and the cover.

Abstract: Sound attenuating ducting has an inner, helical wire supporting an inner and outer layer formed by strips of a foamed thermoplastic rubber material. Axial and helical reinforcing yams extend along the ducting between the layers. The two strips are applied from extruders, the extrusion rate of the inner strip being set to be less than that of the outer strip so that the inner strip is stretched to produce a more porous structure than in the outer strip. In this way, the inner layer is efficient in absorbing orifice noise within the ducting and the outer layer contains radiated noise.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a flexible cord-like hollow object with an inner zone, which is enclosed by a casing, for the transportation of media, whereby a barrier layer (26), which is impermeable to the volatile molecules of the medium that is to be transported, is integrated into the casing (12).

Abstract: A textile with first grouping of yarns separated from a second grouping of yarns, and displacement yarns disposed between the first grouping of yarns and the second grouping of yarns such that the displacement yarns progress in a sinusoidal manner to alternately contact the adjacent displacement yarn.

Abstract: A fabric spreader arrangement for a loom includes a spreader rod rotatably received in a hollow space of a spreader body. The fabric is looped around the spreader rod in the hollow space. To achieve a low wear, a light weight, and an excellent fabric spreading effect, the spreader rod is a one-piece hollow cylindrical metal body extending entirely over the weaving width, preferably made of V4A stainless steel, having an outer diameter of at least 10 mm (and preferably 15 mm) with a wall thickness of at least 0.4 mm (and preferably 0.7 mm), and having an outer circumferential surface that has been surface treated to achieve a surface roughness with a peak-to-valley roughness measurement of at least 10 &mgr;m (and preferably 20 to 50 &mgr;m).

Abstract: A method for making a fabric having a ground and pile threads inserted between the ground threads is provided. The method comprises a step of weaving two fabrics simultaneously so that the fabrics are positioned parallel and spaced by a predetermined distance, and the pile threads are inserted alternately between the ground threads of one fabric and between those of the other fabric. Also, each pile thread is wound around one of the ground threads by one or more turns. The method further comprises cutting the pile threads between the fabrics, and heat setting the fabrics to bind the pile threads to the ground firmly. The pile threads are made of acrylic yarn, and the weight percentage of the pile threads in the fabric is between 80 and ninety-five 95, and the weight percentage of the ground threads in the fabric is the remainder.

Abstract: An all-steel platform having a fluid-proof floor member with a channel at one side leading into a sump at the end of the channel. Fluid from the floor member flows into the channel and sump, and a pump in the sump for recirculating the fluid into containers on or above the platform. The platform will support a mobile vehicle for receiving fluid for wheeling it to a garden for spraying it. The platform may be used for spray-cleaning articles thereon. The platform is normally stationary but can be moved for re-locating it.

Abstract: A spreadable adhesive composition and an applicator (1) for dispensing a spreadable viscous adhesive composition onto a substrate. The spreadable adhesive composition is a spreadable non-flowable cyanoacrylate adhesive composition which contains an odour masking ingredient compatible with the composition. The composition is intended to be spread by the applicator (1). The applicator (1) for spreading the composition includes a closed head (5) with a sealable dispensing aperture (9) penetrating the head (5). A spreading surface (19) is located on the exterior of the head (5) around the dispensing aperture (9) and is used to spread the adhesive onto the substrate. A conduit or delivery means (7) is also provided to supply the adhesive composition to the dispensing aperture (9). The applicator (1) can also include a cap (2) which fits over and covers the head (5).

Abstract: A liquid crystal dispensing apparatus determines an amount of liquid crystal remaining within a liquid crystal container. The apparatus includes a liquid crystal dispensing unit for containing dispensable liquid crystal, capable of be dispensed directly onto a substrate and a main control unit for determining a total amount of liquid crystal dispensed onto the substrate based on a unitary amount of liquid crystal dispensed and the number of times the unitary amount was dispensed, and determining an amount of liquid crystal remaining by deducting the determined total amount dispensed from an initial amount of liquid crystal contained within the liquid crystal dispensing unit.

Abstract: An inlet device for a reactor vessel (5) intended for a separation method comprising retaining a substance on a separation medium from a liquid passing through the reactor vessel (5) which contains the separation medium. The device comprises (a) a distributor block (7) enabling a liquid flow to pass through the block into the reactor vessel (5), (b) an inlet block (3), (c) a distribution chamber (1) defined by a space between the distributor block (7) and the outlet side (11) of the inlet block (3), (b) at least one conduit (I; 13a,13b . . . ) passing through the inlet block (3) from the inlet side (10) to the outlet side (11) of the inlet block (3) and ending in the distribution chamber (1), said at least one conduit being able to distribute liquid into the distribution chamber (1), (e) a gross liquid flow direction going perpendicular to the plane of the interface between the distribution block (7) and the distribution chamber (1).

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying spouts (or bags attached with spouts) to spout holding members provided on the edge of a circular rotor, including a pair of guide rails that engage with the groove portions of spouts, a timing screw that conveys spouts along the guide rails, and a pushing pawl that pushes out at a high speed a leading spout among the spouts, which are being conveyed along the guide rails, from the guide rails into the holding section of each spout holding member. The pushing pawl is disposed beneath the guide rails, and it is retracted so as not to interfere with the leading spout and then rotated inward so as to be behind the leading spout, advances and overtakes the leading spout, and then contacts the leading spout from behind, thus pushing the spout out in the forward direction and to the spout holding member.

Abstract: To increase the safety of a transfer assembly for hydrocarbon products, particularly liquefied natural gas from a production site to a transport vessel (8) (such as a shuttle tanker), the invention proposes to provide the production site with an outrigger structure (10) with at the distant end thereof a compacted length of a flexible product transfer hose (20).

Abstract: An apparatus for sharpening a writing instrument, e.g. an electric pencil sharpener, is disclosed as including a body for receiving a pencil for sharpening, and a base, the base having a bottom surface to support the apparatus on a surface, and the body may be positioned relative to the base in a first configuration and at least a second configuration, and when the body is positioned relative to the base in the first configuration, a longitudinal axis of the body and an axis perpendicular to the bottom surface of the base subtend a first angle, and when the body is positioned relative to the base in the second configuration, these two axes subtend a second angle which differs from the first angle.

Abstract: A set of plates that interact to control the action of a router to direct it to shape interlocking components in sheet materials. The device is mainly applicable to dovetail joints but it can be applied to lettering and decoration. One of the plates supports the router over the workpiece. A second plate forms a shaped base for the router. Two further plates control the movement of the router plate and hence the router itself on the base plate. Another of the set of plates is indented with depressions that act as a template that controls the position of the cut of the router by means of an attached locating pin that can follow the template. The positioning of the router and the way it attacks the sheet material is unrestrained until checked by the plates. These plates together can form a set of dovetail jigs that cut both through and lapped dovetails using any dovetail cutter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a barking machine which comprises a frame (1), barking rotor (2), which is rotably mounted on the frame (1) and which barking rotor comprises a rotor frame (3), barking blades (4) mounted on the rotor frame (3), and a first power unit (5) mounted on the rotor frame (3) that is connected to the barking blades (T) for transferring the barking force into them. According to the invention, in the barking rotor there is arranged an adjustment device (6) movable with respect to the rotor frame, and a second power unit (7) which is mounted on the frame (3) for transmitting the barking force via the first power unit (5) to the barking blades (4). This solution enables one to adjust the barking depth of the barking blades without stopping the barking rotor.

Abstract: Permanent magnets in which the ferromagnetic phase is matched with the grain boundary phase, and permanent magnets in which magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the vicinity of the outermost shell of the major phase is equivalent in intensity to that in the inside to suppress nucleation of the reverse magnetic domain, more specifically having a magnetocrystalline anisotropy not less than one-half the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the interiors of the ferromagnetic grains, are disclosed.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic iron alloy powder for a magnetic recording medium is composed of acicular iron-base particles of an average major axis length (X) of not less than 20 nm and not greater than 80 nm and have oxygen content of not less than 15 wt % and coercive force (Hc) of not less than [0.0036 X3−1.1 X2+110 X−1390 (Oe)] (where X is average major axis length expressed in nm). The ferromagnetic iron alloy powder is obtained by reacting metal powder composed of acicular iron-base particles having an average major axis length of not less than 20 nm and not greater than 80 nm with pure water in substantial absence of oxygen to form a metal oxide film on the particle surfaces. Optionally, the particles can be reacted with a weak oxidizing gas by a wet or dry method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a magnetic material which can provide a bonded magnet having excellent magnetic properties and having excellent reliability. A melt spinning apparatus 1 is provided with a tube 2 having a nozzle 3 at the bottom thereof, a coil 4 for heating the tube and a cooling roll 5 having a circumferential surface 53 in which gas expelling grooves 54 are formed. A melt spun ribbon 8 is formed by injecting the molten alloy 6 from the nozzle 6 so as to be collided with the circumferential surface 53 of the cooling roll 5, so that the molten alloy 6 is cooled and then solidified. In this process, gas is likely to enter between a puddle 7 of the molten alloy 6 and the circumferential surface 53, but such gas is expelled by means of the gas expelling grooves 54.

Abstract: A method of forming a conversion layer on a metallic surface and a composition usable in the method are provided. The composition is an aqueous solution comprising a source of tungstate ions and a soluble material comprising zirconium. The method provides a conversion coating on a surface that can then be painted or otherwise treated. The conversion coatings of the present invention are minimally affected by heating and/or baking, unlike chromate conversion coatings of the prior art.

Abstract: A ferritic-austenitic stainless steel having a microstructure which essentially consists of 35-65 vol-% ferrite and 35-65 vol-% austenitc has a chemical composition which contains in weight-%: 0.005-0.07 C, 0.1-2.0 Si, 3-8 Mn, 19-23 Cr, 0.5-1.7 Ni, optionally Mo and/or W in a total amount of max 1.0 (Mo+W/2), optionally Cu up to max 1.0 Cu, 0.15-0.30 N, balance iron and impurities. The following conditions shall apply for the chromium and nickel equivalents: 20<Creq<24.5, 10<Nieq, where (Creq=Cr+1.5 Si+Mo+2 Ti+0.5 Nb, and Nieq=Ni+0.5 Mn+30 (C+N)+0.5 (Cu+Co).

Abstract: Disclosed is a sliding material containing 0.5 to 15 mass % of Sn, 0.2 to 10 mass % of Ni, 0.4 to 10 volume % of hard particles, and the balance being essentially Cu. The hard particles are of one or more selected from the group consisting of WC, W2C, Mo2C, W, and Mo. A grain size of the Cu—Sn—Ni matrix is set to be not more than 0.070 mm.

Abstract: A method of making a stabilizer bar from a tubular blank to which a bonding agent is applied to the inside surface of opposite ends of the tube. The tube may be provided with tubular inserts that are also provided with a bonding agent. The bonding agent may be an adhesive that is cured and then the bonding agent is placed in an oven to melt the bonding agent. The ends are swaged to shape and the ends of the tube are trimmed and pierced to form a fastener eyelet in each end. The stabilizer bar is then heated for hot working to form the bends along the length of the bar. After forming to shape, the stabilizer bar is quenched and annealed.

Abstract: Steel sheet for porcelain enameling having excellent workability yet capable of providing an enamel layer having excellent adhesion with the steel sheet on direct-on enameling once and still free of black specks defects, a method for producing the same, as well as a porcelain enamel product and the method for producing the same are provided, in which low carbon Al-killed steel sheet, high oxygen steel sheet, Ti-added steel sheet, Nb-added steel sheet, Ti—Nb-added steel sheet or B-added steel sheet is used. A steel sheet for porcelain enameling is produced by applying Ni—Mo alloy plating to the low carbon Al-killed steel sheet, high oxygen steel sheet, Ti-added steel sheet, Nb-added steel sheet, Ti—Nb-added steel sheet or B-added steel sheet having specified components and composition ratio, and after performing heat treatment thereto to control the content of Ni, Mo, and Fe that are present on the surface of the steel sheet in a predetermined range, porcelain enamel is applied and fired.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for continuously casting aluminum alloys and improved aluminum alloy compositions. The process includes the steps of continuously annealing the cold rolled strip in an intermediate anneal using an induction heater and/or continuously annealing the hot rolled strip in an induction heater. The alloy composition has mechanical properties that can be varied selectively by varying the time and temperature of a stabilizing anneal.

Abstract: Feed material for use in producing a thixotropic alloy comprising pellets in the form of a solid cylinder having a length to diameter ratio in the range of from 1:1 to 2:1 and a maximum length of 0.250 inch.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing products, which have complex and accurate shape and exhibit high reliability of properties and enough corrosion resistance, at sufficiently high yield by employing a combination of casting and forging for forming magnesium alloy of which composition allows casting and which is excellent in forgeability. A magnesium alloy containing 2-10 mass % aluminum is cast to have crystal grain size not greater than 30 &mgr;m. After the cast semifinished product is subjected to solution treatment, the semifinished product is forged to have crystal grain size not greater than 10 &mgr;m and is then further forged to have a desired shape. A magnesium alloy containing 2-10 mass % aluminum is cast to have crystal grain size not greater than 10 &mgr;m and the cast semifinished product is forged after solution treatment.

Abstract: A method for providing a steel product having a surface hardness of between about 360 Bhn and 420 Bhn is provided. The method includes steps of providing a steel product from a steel product comprising at least about 96 wt. % iron and between about 0.24 wt. % and about 0.30 wt. % carbon, heating the steel product to at least its austentizing temperature, quenching to below its martinsite finish temperature, and tempering the steel product at a temperature of at least about 800° F. Steel products prepared by this method are described.

Abstract: This invention provides a fluidized-bed furnace, in which the work piece is heat-treated in a fluidized bed formed by filling a vessel with particles and blowing hot air into the vessel to fluidize the particles. It includes a cantilevered dispersion tube disposed in the fluidized bed, and provided with air outlets directed downward, from which the hot air is blown out. This invention also provides a heat-treatment apparatus incorporating a rotary heat-treatment furnace, in which a work piece is heat-treated while being rotated in the fluidized bed, as the solution and/or aging treatment furnaces; removing dust from the exhaust gases discharged from the solution treatment furnace by a dust collector, and recovering the waste heat from the exhaust gases by an heat exchanger as the heat source for the aging treatment furnace; and also incorporating an automatic carrier which charges or discharges the work piece into or out of each furnace.

Abstract: A composition C-4 substitute is provided, the substitute include 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,903,11]-dodecane (CL-20), optionally one or more nitramines other than CL-20, and silicone fluid. Also provided is an additive composition including CL-20 and bis(dinitropropyl)acetal and bis(dinitropropyl)formal (BDNPA/F). The additive composition is preferably combined with composition C-4.

Abstract: Disclosed is an identification member used for a head cover of a golf club, in which a fixed member is fixed on the surface of the head cover and an identification member having the identification number or character is attached to the fixed member. The fixed member is made of magnetic material or metallic material, and the identification member is made of magnetic material or metallic material so as to be attracted by the fixed member by a magnetic force. The identification character or the name of user or owner of the golf club can be inscribed on the identification member. The identification member can be attached to or detached from the head cover easily, and the convenience in identifying the golf club is provided.

Abstract: In a tire for a vehicle, in particular multitrack motor vehicles, with a tire contact region, which comes into contact with a road surface during movement of the vehicle and serves for transferring shearing forces effectively parallel to the road surface between the tire and the road surface, the contact region is so constructed that its rigidity in the rolling direction is less than its rigidity transversely to the rolling direction of the tire in order to improve the lateral force transfer capability of the tire.

Abstract: It is to provide a pneumatic safety tire capable of continuing safe running even if an internal tire pressure drops to an atmospheric pressure and easily producing the tire, in which a side reinforcing rubber layer having substantially a crescent form at a section in a widthwise direction is mainly arranged on the sidewall portion and at least one annular depression convexly protruding inward in the radial direction and continuously extending in the circumferential direction is arranged on the belt.

Abstract: An inner tube adapter for a tubeless tire is disclosed including a bulb-shaped body having an internal bore, wherein the internal bore is threaded along at least a portion of its length, the internal bore for surrounding at least a portion of a valve having a body and an end section and secured by an adhesive, and wherein the end section extends outside of the internal bore.

Abstract: A radial motorcycle tire comprises a tread portion with a pair of tread edges, a pair of sidewall portions, a pair of bead portions each with a bead core therein, and a band disposed in the tread portion and composed of windings of at least one cord wound at an angle of not more than 5 degrees with respect to the tire equator. The tread portion is provided radially inside the band with at least two layers of cords comprising a radially outermost first layer and a radially inner second layer next to the first layer, wherein with respect to the tire equator, the cords of the first layer are inclined to a direction at an angle of from 65 to 90 degrees, and the cords of the second layer are inclined to the same direction as the first layer at an angle of from 65 to 90 degrees.

Abstract: Affix a membrane roof cover structure, comprising a polyester foam layer and a new membrane layer, over a roof deck structure such that the polyester foam layer is between the roof deck structure and the new membrane layer.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the production of an air-permeable laminate film with a textile surface and elastic and non-elastic regions. At least one film strip that is elastic in the crosswise direction is introduced, as an elastic insert, between two material webs of fiber non-woven fabric having a web width greater than the width of the film strip. The segments of the material webs made of fiber non-woven fabric that are in direct contact next to the insert are connected, forming a non-elastic region of the laminate film. Subsequently, the laminate passes through an ultrasound bonding station, in which the elastic insert is melted by means of point-shaped bonds, while maintaining the substance of the fiber non-woven fabric, thereby connecting the elastic insert with the fiber non-woven fabric cover layers at discrete points and forming air-permeable structures.

Abstract: Process for bonding several layers of plastic film, particularly plastic bags, into a block, where it is supposed to be possible to remove the plastic films or plastic bags from the block individually; the plastic films or plastic bags are bonded together in an edge strip by means of ultrasonic welding.

Abstract: A device for connecting two wafers in a planar manner for grinding down and cutting up a product wafer has a vacuum chamber, a chuck for receiving a carrier wafer, a heating device for heating up the chuck and a vacuum-chamber cover with a vacuum-holding device, on which a product wafer can be arranged suspended above the carrier wafer. After the evacuation of the vacuum chamber, the active surface of the product wafer is dropped onto a double-sided adhesive film on the carrier wafer and is pressed into place by the rising pressure during air admission. The result is that the wafers are connected together.

Abstract: A method of securing an elastic strand to a flat substrate or sheet of material moving the elastic strand and the sheet in a converging manner from a first position in which the elastic strand is spaced from the sheet to a second position in which the elastic strand contacts one surface of the sheet. A filament of adhesive is dispensed onto the strand in a pattern configured with adhesive masses coupled by thinner filament sections. The adhesive masses are contacted with the strand when the strand is in the first position. The strand is bonded to the substrate with at least the adhesive masses.

Abstract: A method of producing a textile preform to be used for making a fiber reinforced plastic composite product involves the following steps. A two- or three-dimensional semi-finished textile material or article is produced by essentially any textile production process, such as weaving, knitting or braiding. A binder is applied to the textile material, which is then subjected to a reforming and/or draping process by being applied onto a carrier and reforming tool having a contour or geometry adapted to that of the desired preform that is to be produced. Thereby, the previously unfixed fibers of the textile material are brought into the desired finished orientation and are then fixed, and the cross-sectional shape of the material is changed. This produces the preform having the desired contour, geometry and fiber orientation. The preform may then be subjected to further processing steps to form the finished composite product.

Abstract: For the vacuum pumping performed for a chamber, the opening of a valve communicating with a vacuum pump is controlled to change the intake resistance of a pipe from high to low, and to suppress an exhaust air stream occurring when vacuum pumping is started. Further, in the process (vacuum venting) for recovering the atmospheric pressure in the chamber, a recovery valve is controlled to change, from high to low, the inflow resistance of a gas introduced into the chamber, so that the amount of the gas introduced into the chamber 2 at the beginning of the vacuum venting is reduced. Therefore, since the air stream in the chamber 2 can be moderated during the vacuum pumping and the vacuum venting, the deterioration of the electric characteristics of the substrates by the stirring up of dust in the chamber and the attachment of the dust to the substrates can be avoided, and high-quality laminated substrates can be provided at a high manufacturing yield.

Abstract: A method comprises: bonding a plurality of thin film piezoelectric elements, formed on a substrate, onto a temporary fixing substrate via an adhesive layer; selectively removing the substrate to expose the thin film piezoelectric elements; fixing an element housing jig having sectional regions for individually isolating the thin film piezoelectric elements in such manner that the thin film piezoelectric elements and the sectional regions correspond to each other; and dissolving and removing the adhesive layer, and housing the thin film piezoelectric elements in the sectional regions of the element housing jig. Accordingly, it is possible to individually isolate and house the thin film piezoelectric elements removed from the substrate.

Abstract: A coupled portion of mutual laminate films sufficiently contributes to the formation of a packaging bag, and the coupled portion itself has excellent airtightness and liquid tightness, and a tensile strength required for the laminate film is given to the coupled portion, whereby a temporary stop of a packaging apparatus is useless when a connecting portion of the laminate film is passed through the apparatus and the operation efficiency and efficiency are enhanced and the yield of the material is improved, wherein oriented base film layers (3, 4) are joined in a mitre form at the coupled portion between a rear end portion and a front end portion of laminate films (1, 2) comprising oriented base film layers (3, 4) and sealant layers (5, 6).

Abstract: A fire resistant, self-adhesive rolled roofing membrane is used on low sloped roofs for insulating a surface from weather. The roofing membrane includes an asphalt-saturated fibrous material having a roofing surface area, for example, roofing granules on a portion of the top surface and a clean surface area on another portion of the top surface. The roofing membrane includes an adhesive surface area on a portion of the bottom surface opposite the roofing surface area and a parting agent covered surface area on another portion of the bottom surface generally opposite the clean surface area to prevent adhering to the clean surface area when rolled. The adhesive surface area includes a layer of self-adhesive material, such as rubberized asphalt, capable of adhering to the clean surface area when strips of the roofing membrane are overlapped. The adhesive surface area is covered with a release backing to prevent adherence to the roofing surface area.

Abstract: A method of securing an elastic strand to a sheet of material includes moving the elastic strand and the sheet in a converging manner from a position in which the elastic strand is spaced from the sheet to another position in which the elastic strand contacts one surface of the sheet. Discrete dots of adhesive are intermittently applied to the strand. The dots of adhesive secure the strand to the sheet. Various articles of manufacture may be formed using the method, including hygienic articles such as diapers.

Abstract: A method of crystal adornment of a surface involves providing a surface, applying adhesive to the surface, applying a crystal of a first size to the surface; applying a crystal of a second size to the surface approximately adjacent to the crystal of the first size, wherein the second size differs from the first size, applying a crystal of a third size to the surface approximately adjacent to one of the crystal of the first size and the crystal of the second size, and covering at least a portion of the surface by continuing to apply a plurality of crystals of either the first size, the second size and the third size such that only crystals of different sizes are adjacent to one another.

Abstract: This invention relates to silane functional adhesive composition and to a method of bonding a window to a painted substrate using the adhesive without the need for a primer for the painted substrate. In one embodiment, the invention is a method of bonding glass to a painted substrate, such as a window in a vehicle. The process comprises applying to the glass or the unprimed painted substrate an adhesive as described herein; contacting the glass with the unprimed painted substrate wherein the adhesive is located between the window and the substrate; and allowing the adhesive to cure.

Abstract: Deposit is removed by supplying chemical solution on a semiconductor substrate with the semiconductor substrate kept rotating. Next, the chemical solution supply is shut off while rotation of the semiconductor substrate being maintained, which allows to scatter the chemical solution on the semiconductor substrate. Next, water is supplied on the semiconductor substrate with the semiconductor substrate kept rotating. This results in washing the semiconductor substrate. The water supply is shut off while rotation of the semiconductor substrate being maintained, which allows to scatter the water on the semiconductor substrate. Then, these processes are repeated depending on a degree of cleanness on a front face of the semiconductor substrate. In this removing method, the chemical solution and the water are hardly mixed so as to prevent corrosion and elution of a wiring material.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus for processing an object arranged within a chamber by utilizing the plasma caused within the chamber, the apparatus including: a sensor having plural lines of a plurality of elements for detecting a plurality of strip-like beams; an application unit for applying the plurality of strip-like beams generated from the light within the chamber in such a way that each of the illumination faces of the strip-like beams makes an angle with respect to each of the lines of the elements; and a control unit for adjusting the operation of the apparatus using outputs from the sensor.