Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a flashing system for reducing moisture intrusion at a wall and exterior molding interface of a building structure. The flashing system includes at least one flashing piece and a mold flashing. The at least one flashing piece includes a flashing portion and a sealing portion, wherein the flashing portion extends transversely with respect to the sealing portion. The at least one flashing piece is configured to be positioned against a wall of the building structure and the sealing portion is configured to be positioned adjacently along side an outer surface of the molding. The mold flashing is configured to at least partially cover the molding and overlap the sealing portion. With this arrangement, the flashing system reduces moisture intrusion from contacting the molding and reduces moisture intrusion at the wall and molding interface of the building structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a flashing system configured to reduce moisture intrusion at an opening extending through an exterior treatment of a building structure. The flashing system includes at least one flashing piece having a main flashing portion and a scaling flange. The main flashing portion is configured to extend outward a distance from a periphery of the opening of the building structure to provide an effective moisture barrier and configured to be positioned against a wall having the opening defined therein. The sealing flange is formed and configured to extend outward from the main flashing portion and configured to be positioned adjacent a peripheral-opening-structure at the periphery of the opening. The flashing system also includes a drip flange extending downwardly outward from a portion of the sealing flange.

Abstract: A modular in-wall medical services unit for medical care facilities. A frame supports a cabinet with a cover panel providing electrical and/or gas outlets. Built-in electrical and gas conduits are included. A junction box and ends of the gas conduits near the top of the frame are accessible after wallboard is applied. Thus, wallboard can be installed before or after wiring is completed and gas connections are made. The self-aligning cover panel is “floatingly” supported on the frame so that a bead of sealant can be applied around the edge before the cover panel is “snugged up” to the wall and secured. The trim flanges on the cover panel include vertical equipment mounting tracks. Manufacturing is simplified by making the height of the frame adjustable; the same frame elements can be used to assemble units for different ceiling heights, decreasing the number of required parts in inventory and expediting assembly.

Abstract: An adjustable masonry arch form is disclosed. The adjustable masonry arch form comprises a planar base section to support the masonry elements which will comprise the masonry arch, and a plurality of attachment means secured to the planar base for securing the form to a structure. The adjustable masonry arch form is constructed from material rigid enough to support the masonry elements, but flexible enough to be bent to conform to any given arched construction without unwanted buckling of the form. The masonry elements which will comprise the masonry arch are placed directly on the planar base of the form in the desired configuration and secured in the masonry arch by mortar. The form is left in position permanently, obviating the need to build a temporary arch support saving time and expense and obviating waste of materials.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for enclosing an object comprising a front, a rear, and sides. The system and method further provide a base on a base receiving surface and a closing portion. The front, rear, sides, base, and closing portion define an area surrounding the object. The system and method further provide stiffening devices extending from the sides and the closing portion, fasteners coupling the sides to the base and the sides to the closing portion via the stiffening devices, and securing devices holding edges of adjacent sections of the sides and edges of adjacent sections of the closing portion together. The system and method also typically provide for access areas that have hinged sections. The system and method further comprise connectors located between the closing portion and the sides through which the fasteners also pass to couple the sides to the closing portion.

Abstract: An arch structure (12) comprising several struts (14) interconnected by five joints (15) to (17, 18). The two ends of the arch (16) rest on ball joints which are fixed to the ground.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a flashing system for a chimney-bonnet positioned on a chimney of a building structure. The flashing system includes at least one flashing member including at least an abutting portion and a flange portion. The abutting portion is formed to extend from the flange portion and is formed and configured to be positioned between a bottom portion of the chimney-bonnet and a surface of the chimney. The flange portion is formed to extend outwardly downward from the abutting portion and is formed and configured to direct moisture away from the surface of the chimney.

Abstract: A lightweight construction, especially a greenhouse structure, comprises a plurality of pillars (12) arranged at the periphery of an area of said lightweight construction, said pillars (12) extending obliquely and outwardly so that an upper end (22) of said pillars (12) lies substantially in a vertical plane passing through a respective area border. According to the invention at least one of said pillars (12) comprises a supporting element (14), said supporting element being mounted onto said pillar (12) so as to define a predetermined inclination angle of said pillar (12).

Abstract: A self-adjusting loading dock seal engages a vehicle and facilitates at least one of loading and unloading thereof relative to a loading dock. The loading dock seal includes at least one dock attachment member, a dock seal member, and at least one spring-loaded adjustment member. The dock attachment member is configured for attachment to a loading dock. The dock seal member is positioned above the dock attachment member and is configured for sealingly engaging a vehicle positioned thereagainst. Each spring-loaded adjustment member operatively connects a dock attachment member to the dock seal member, and is configured for facilitating limited vertical movement of the dock seal member relative to the dock attachment member.

Abstract: A sealing curtain for a loading dock includes a pliable heat shield that helps protect the sealing curtain from concentrated heat generated by a truck's taillight being pressed against the sealing curtain. The heat shield is preferably placed just underneath a sealing surface of the sealing curtain. The heat shield reflects heat away from an inner surface and disperses the heat over a broader area to reduce the peak temperature of any hot spots. The sealing curtain may be height adjustable to position the heat shield at various heights along the loading dock.

Abstract: A humanly habitable dwelling includes a plurality of exterior walls (110), a door (105) in one of the plurality of exterior walls, a first living unit (130) within the plurality of exterior walls, and a second living unit (140) within the plurality of exterior walls. The first living unit includes a kitchen and a bathroom, and the second living unit includes a utility lines for a second kitchen and also includes a second bathroom. The first and second living units are devoid of being separated from each other by an other door.

Abstract: A method of constructing a dome structure using prefabricated insulated panels with a unique edge and a slip and lock feature, which allows assembly without a skeleton rib or infrastructure; or an elaborate framework of internal scaffolding; or the need of rings; or the need for screws, bolts, clamps and glue. The sealed structure will present a seamless exterior dome wall where the panels are completely integrated, sealed, and locked with each other and the flooring to form a monolithic structure or a circular wall as desired. The exterior of the dome structure is quickly ready for insulation and a finish of concrete, stucco, synthetic stucco, or other exterior materials such as fiberglass panels.

Abstract: A floor panel for a raised access floor system, including a shallow metal pan with a bottom wall and a shallow upwardly-opening compartment. The bottom wall has a plurality of first hollow projections projecting upwardly therefrom, which projections adjacent upper ends thereof having sidewardly projecting rib structure. The bottom wall also has a plurality of microfeatures which project upwardly through a lesser extent. The number of microfeatures is substantially greater than the number of projections. The pan side walls and bottom wall are free of openings therethrough. A mass of solidified concrete fills the compartment. The floor panel is supported on a pedestal having a base which has clamping and mounting features integrated thereon for engaging grounding wires and cable management members.

Abstract: An adapter including a central body portion and a mount for connection to each of an HVAC register cover and duct-engaging boot. A surface of the central body portion includes mounting apertures, each configured to accept a fastener so that the central body portion can be mounted to a support structure, such as a ceiling joist. The adapter includes a register cover mounting surface that is adjustable so that it can accommodate different-sized register covers. The adapter also includes a boot mounting surface coupled to the register cover mounting surface such that, upon engagement between the register cover mounting surface and the register cover and upon engagement between the boot mounting surface and the boot, fluid communication between the boot and the register cover is established. Preferably, the adapter is made from a plastic, and more particularly an injection-molded plastic.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a flashing-integrated window frame configured to reduce moisture intrusion in a building structure. The flashing-integrated window frame includes a window frame and a drip flange. The window frame includes a front and a periphery and the drip flange is configured to extend from a bottom portion of the window frame. The drip flange includes a downward extension configured to extend from the bottom portion of the window frame and an outward extension extending from the downward extension. With this arrangement, the drip flange is configured to substantially direct moisture away from the building structure.

Abstract: A flashing system configured to reduce moisture intrusion at an opening extending through an exterior treatment of a building structure. The flashing system includes at least one flashing piece having a main flashing portion and a sealing flange. The main flashing portion is configured to extend outward a distance from a periphery of the opening of the building structure to provide an effective moisture barrier and configured to be positioned against a wall having the opening defined therein. The sealing flange of the at least one flashing piece includes a top sealing flange, a bottom sealing flange, a first side sealing flange and a second side sealing flange each configured to extend outward from the main flashing portion and is configured to be positioned adjacent a peripheral-opening-structure at a respective top periphery, bottom periphery, first side periphery and second side periphery of the opening. The flashing system also includes a first top tab and a second top tab.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a flashing configured to reduce moisture intrusion in a building structure between two exterior treatments. The flashing includes a lower portion, a upper portion and a middle portion intermediate the front and upper portions. The upper portion includes a back surface and a front surface and is configured to be positioned between a wall structure of the building structure and a second exterior treatment. The middle portion includes a bottom surface and a top surface and is configured to be intermediate the first exterior treatment and the second exterior treatment. The lower portion includes a back surface and a front surface and is configured to be positioned against a face surface of a first exterior treatment a distance so as to reduce moisture intrusion from entering behind the lower portion of the flashing.

Abstract: A combination floor pad includes at least one base pad, and a plurality of composite base boards fixed on the base pad. Thus, the base boards can be securely locked in the base pad rigidly and stably, thereby preventing the base boards from being detached or loosened from the base pad. In addition, the base boards can be closely secured by the side ribs and the positioning ribs, so that dirt or dust is not deposited between the base boards easily, thereby facilitating the user cleaning the base boards.

Abstract: A shock absorbing safety floor comprising tile minimizes injury by absorbing the energy created when a portion of a diver's body impacts the bottom or sides of the pool. By absorbing a portion of the energy at impact, the floor decreases the amount of energy absorbed by the diver's body thereby subsequently minimizing injury to the diver. The shock absorbing safety floor compresses to absorb the energy.

Abstract: A wallboard, wallboard joint and method for joining adjacent wallboards. A first wallboard has first and second edges extending between a face and back of a core. The second edge is an inverted mirror image of the first edge. A facing-material covers the face and has a first end extendable beyond the face. The first end has an adhesive surface covered by a removable strip. The wallboard joint and method for joining adjacent wallboards provides for overlapping and mating the first edge of the first wallboard with a second edge of a substantially similar second wallboard, securing the first and second wallboards to a structural member by passing a fastener through the first and second edges and into the structural member, and adhering the adhesive surface of the face of the first wallboard to the second wallboard.

Abstract: A building board which is provided on the surface thereof with a concave and convex pattern, and opposite sides thereof with overlying rabbeted portions (2-1, 6-1, 6-2) and underlying rabbeted portions (3-1, 3-2, 5-1), respectively, wherein each overlying rabbeted portion (2-1, 6-1, 6-2) is constituted by one end portion of the convex portion (2, 6) of said pattern; each underlying rabbeted portion (3-1, 3-2, 5-1) is constructed to have an area bigger than the area of corresponding overlying rabbeted portion (2-1, 6-1, 6-2) bearing said convex portion and formed on the opposite side; and each of said opposite sides is provided on the rear side thereof with a linear contact surface (7-1, 7-2).

Abstract: A connecting plate for connecting I-beams together. The connecting plate contains at least two plates that each have a series of holes drilled in them. These series of holes are drilled offset from each other in each plate. The connecting plate can be in the form of a flat face, an L-shaped plate or a partially H-shaped plate. The offset holes on these plates allow the plates to be connected to a first I-beam first, and then connected to a second I-beam. This design allows a user to forgo coupling the first I-beam, the coupling plate and the second I-beam together all at the same time which improves the safety and efficiency of coupling I-beams together.

Abstract: A system for reinforced concrete construction, which relates the bar mat with the molding panels so as to obtain a rigid assembly capable of resisting the pressure of the placed concrete. The system integrates concrete's reinforcement and formwork, thereby making a rigid reinforcement web permitting direct attachment of the molding panels on it, holding them from the inside and avoiding the heavy external structure commonly used to stiffen the forms. This rigid assembly may be obtained by welded joints in the reinforcement web, and, or, using specially designed bar support devices such as tie and spacer units, intended to set in place both reinforcement and sheathing. Thus, the embodiment of the proposed system requires a method of assembly, which considers a combination of standard and invented elements. The latter are reinforcement welded mats and joists, and elements as ties, spacers, washer plates and sleeves for interlocking the bar mat and the molding panels together.

Abstract: The method of the present invention is performed by providing a glass sheet having first and second opposite surfaces merging with each other along a peripheral ground angled surface setting-off with the glass sheet first surface an included angle substantially greater than normal. The glass sheet is placed in a mold having opposing cavity portions which collectively define a cavity including a peripheral edge cavity portion defined in part by a cavity defining surface which lies in the plane of the glass sheet first surface when the mold is closed. The mold is then closed such that the cavity defining surface and the glass sheet round angled surface set-off and angled complementary to the included angle and with the glass sheet per surface abutting the cavity defining surface inboard of the glass sheet ground angled surface.

Abstract: A structural beam assembly is for use in supporting a fabric covered building includes a plurality of adjacent beam sections in end-to-end alignment and a means for interconnecting the adjacent beam sections. Each beam section comprises an upper member, a lower member and a reinforcing web extending between and interconnecting the upper and lower members. According to one embodiment, the upper and lower members are tubular and the connection means comprises a connection bracket having an upper tubular member sized for insertion into the upper tubular members of a two adjacent beam sections and a lower tubular member sized for insertion into the lower members two adjacent beam sections. In another embodiment, the upper and lower members are tubular and the connection means comprises a swaged portion integrally formed on the upper tubular member of one of the two adjacent beam sections and a swaged portion integrally formed on the lower tubular member of one of the two adjacent beam sections.

Abstract: A method for flashing a building structure having openings therein and portions of discontinuity in one or more exterior treatments of the building structure. The method incorporates flashing materials for flashing a building structure during construction thereof. In the method, the flashing for the openings in the building structure and the portions of discontinuity in one or more exterior treatments of the building structure are provided. In addition, a flashing crew is provided, wherein the flashing crew includes one or more individuals skilled in installing the flashing to the building structure. Such a flashing crew is organized to install the flashing to the openings in the building structure and the portions of discontinuity of the one or more exterior treatments of the building structure.

Abstract: A method for constructing concrete building units comprises forming and pouring a concrete floor on a floor platform, providing interior wall forms on said concrete floor, providing door frames, conduit and piping on said interior wall forms, providing a ceiling form; transporting said floor platform and floor intermediate spaced exterior wall forms, and pouring a concrete mixture in the wall opening intermediate the interior wall forms and the exterior wall forms. A free-flowing concrete mixture for use in relation to the method comprises a combination of cement, sand, water, polystyrene beads, wire fibers and a conditioning concrete additive.

Abstract: A method of forming, filling and sealing a reclosable package 46. A thermoform film 14 is fed toward a forming station 18. A zipper length 20 having mated interlocking profiles 21 and 23 and a slider 28 is fed onto the thermoform film transverse to the feeding direction of the film and one of the profiles is sealed to the film. A pocket 18 is thermoformed in the film and product 32 is fed into the pocket. A cover sheet 34 is then fed over the thermoform film covering the pocket 18 and second profile 23. The cover sheet 34 is sealed to the thermoform film at seal lines 38 along the pocket, to the second profile and above the zipper to form a filled package and the bottom seal 44 for the next package.

Abstract: A flexible polymeric container for holding albumin. The container is made of a sheet of flexible polymeric film formed into a bag having a cavity enclosed by a first wall, an opposing second wall, and seals about a periphery of the first and second walls. The seals join an interior portion of the opposing first and second walls and create a fluid-tight chamber within the cavity of the container for storing a concentration of the albumin. A method of packaging the albumin protein into a flexible polymeric container is also provided. Therein a flexible polymeric material is converted into bags, the bags are filled with a quantity of albumin by a filler, and a seal area of the bags is sealed to enclose the albumin within the bag.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for unwrapping stretch film from a palletized load. The unwrapping apparatus has two legs between which a load to be unwrapped is positioned, each leg including an upper and lower portion. Upper and lower grippers are attached to the upper and lower portions of each leg, respectively. The grippers are configured for engaging the stretch film and pulling it from the load. The unwrapping apparatus further includes a cutting unit including a cutting tool for cutting the stretch film. The cutting unit is preferably attached to one leg of the unwrapping apparatus. As the cutting unit moves vertically, preferably from a bottom position to a top position, the stretch film is pulled from the load by the grippers and a guide wheel and is cut by the cutting tool. Also provided is a spooler that may be used to spool and dispose of the collected, spooled stretch film.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically wrapping a sheet about a bouquet of flowers. The sheet having spaced apart defined first and second portions is placed against a support member, such as a prepared table top, and the bouquet is positioned on the sheet with the first and second portions of the sheet extending on right and left sides, respectively, of the bouquet. The first sheet portion is then moved in a path to at least partially encompass the bouquet, and the second sheet portion is moved in a path to at least partially encompass the bouquet and to extend over part of the first sheet portion. The two sheet portions may be secured together by a bonding material, or the first and second portions of the sheet of wrapping material can themselves act as a bonding material by application of appropriate heat sealing, sonic welding, vibratory welding, and similar methods. A stiff wrap ring form may be positioned suspended over the sheet, and the bouquet inserted in the wrap ring form.

Abstract: These interface pads have a right and a left inflatable member with the volume of air in each of these inflatable members being independently adjustable. Each member is adapted to provide an interface between one side of a load-bearing animal and a load-supporting structure such as a saddle. Connecting means span the spinal area of the animal and link the members to one another in a manner that avoids the placement of any substantial compression on the animal's supraspinous ligament. Moreover, a gullet channel is maintained so as to allow appropriate ventilation in this area. The inflatable members are constructed of a foam core wholly surrounded by and bonded to a pair of thin skins or panels, forming a fluid tight envelope. A valve is disposed between the chamber formed by the envelope and the ambient environment. After allowing inflation of an air pad of this type and placing a load (such as the saddle and/or rider) thereon, the valve can be opened.

Abstract: A separator plate is provided in a dryer housing which is connected to a desiccant can for use in, for example, drying and cleaning the air for pneumatic lines. The separator plate includes a conical or domed section surrounded by a baffle which in combination, define an expansion chamber within the dryer housing. The expansion chamber is lined on its inner surfaces with a coalescing/filtering media which will remove oil aerosols and vapors, and water aerosols and vapors from the air passing through the housing. The separator plate also include a ring of coalescing/filtering media externally of the expansion chamber, but which the air must pass through prior to exiting the separator housing and entering the drying canister.

Abstract: A filter assembly for filtering particulates out of a stream of gas, which includes an elongated filter bag made out of fabric with a plurality of pleats intermediate its ends with a support cage made from a plurality of wires on the outside of the bag having portions thereof disposed in the pleats.

Abstract: A filter device for an air cleaner includes a frame having four sides beams and four corner members. The beams each has an outer plate and two bars for forming a chamber and for receiving the peripheral portion of a filter element, and for preventing particles from bypassing the filter element and from entering into the air cleaner. An adhesive material may be engaged between the peripheral portion of the filter element and the beams for solidly securing the filter element to the beams. A peripheral member may secure the corner members and the beams together.

Abstract: A mass damper is carried on the frame of an reel mower by a pair of elastomeric couplers, one at each end of the mass damper. Each coupler is threadedly secured to one end of the mass damper with the coupler received in a cavity at that end of the mass damper. Each coupler is also clamped to a bracket on the frame of the reel mower. The mass damper can move relative to the frame of the reel mower by shearing the elastomeric material forming the couplers. The weight of the mass damper and the stiffness of the couplers is chosen to damp or lessen the vibration induced in the frame of the reel mower by an internal combustion engine carried on the frame of the reel mower.

Abstract: A mounting arrangement for wheels (18) of elongate equipment such as a thresher (10), the wheels (18) being mountable distally in either trailing configuration or an in-line configuration when the thresher (10) is deployed, the wheels (18) also being mountable proximally to make the thresher (10) a narrower for transport through gates and along roads. A mounting arrangement is provided for one of the wheels (18) to rotate it to align with the required direction of travel, while a further mounting arrangement is provided to allow the other wheel (18) to be moved to or near an adjacent corner, to achieve conversion between the distal and proximal arrangements. There is provision for height adjustment of the thresher (10) relative to the ground, provided in the mounting arrangements.

Abstract: A blended cotton or natural fiber mop yarn having wetting agents or detergents that aid in the removal or suspension of natural and synthetic waxes and oils to the finished mop yarn or mop. The addition of these wetting agents increases the initial absorption performance of the mop and decreases the initial break-in time required of cotton-blended mops.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an air textured yarn with elastic character, of which the purpose is to eliminate the shortcoming of making one comfortless while wearing clothes made of conventional air textured yarn by its lack of elasticity; the present invention is characterized in: the inner core yarn, which is made from the heat plastic fiber with self-curling elastic character, and the outer enclosing yarn, which is made from an appropriate heat plastic fiber in accordance with the function need of various fabric, are air textured processed to manufacture a high class yarn with elastic character, which is of industrial applicability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cleaning device (1) of a rotor spinning unit with a cleaning head (63) and an extensible device (12, 31) to extend and retract at least the cleaning head (63). According to the invention, the cleaning head (63) is replaceable and connected to the extensible device (12, 31).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the production of a spun thread (10) from a staple fibre strand (1) by means of air spin method. The fibre guiding element (3c) according to the invention comprises a fibre conveying channel (4) with a fibre guiding surface, whereby the fibre guiding surface ends at a fibre presenting edge (6) and leads the fibres of the staple fibre strand (20) in the form of an essentially flat arrangement lying next to each other. The fibre-guiding surface (18, 18.1, 18.2, 18,3) is configured in such a manner that it comprises a diverting point (17) which causes a deviation of the staple fibre strand (20), whereby the deviation is being provided in such a manner that the free fibre ends (19) of the fibres within the staple fibre strand (20) protrude from said staple fibre strand.

Abstract: A chain which does not generate hydrogen brittleness is formed with components having improved wear resistance. At least one part of the chain, for example a surface, is covered with a diamond-like amorphous carbon coating (DLC). Further, metallic particles are dispersed into the diamond-like amorphous carbon coating.

Abstract: Jewelry pieces, for example, earrings, pendants, rings and the like, made of metal such as gold or silver and the like, with special surface texturing to improve and enhance the light-reflecting characteristics of the jewelry. The surface texturing is formed by forming a series of grooves by the process of diamond-cutting the surface of the jewelry piece to divide the surface thereof into a plurality of adjacent, four-sided regions, each of which is bounded by four diamond-cut grooves and defines a mesa with at least four light-reflecting sloping sides. The mesas are further subdivided by forming a pair of diamond-cut grooves that criss-cross one another, thereby dividing the mesas in the four-sided regions into four sub-mesas, each having at least three sloping light reflecting sides. Preferably, first gemstones are set at the junctures of the four-sided mesas and second gemstones are set at the center, where the four sub-mesas meet.

Abstract: To provide a link bodies-connected cable drag chain, in which even in a case where a long flexible body C such as a cable, a hose or the like is incorporated a roller, which protects the flexible body, can be easily detached from the link bodies. The cable drag chain of the present invention is formed by articulately connecting a plurality of link bodies each having a pair of plates 22. Between the pair of plates 22 is rotatably provided a roller 24, which protects the flexible body. In the plate 22 is formed a through-hole 25 larger than the outer diameter of the roller 24, and to this through-hole 25 is detachably fit-secured a plug, which protects the dislodgement of the roller 24. When this plug 27 is removed the roller 24 can be easily detached from the through-hole 25.

Abstract: The invention provides a gas turbine intake air filter unit, wherein flow resistance of intake air passing through a tertiary filter layer does not become unreasonably great despite the filter layers are increased from two stages to three stages, and a balance of collecting efficiency of the filter layers and the intake air flow resistance is optimized.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for positron fueled ramjet operation is provided including a convection chamber for a ramjet comprising a rate of absorption of gamma rays that yields a uniform heating of the convection chamber to a temperature sufficient to sustain ramjet operation. The convection chamber may comprise at least one open ended cylinder, a plurality of concentrically arranged cylinders, a plurality of rods, a honeycomb structure or other structures for absorbing gamma rays. A ramjet powered by gamma rays is also provided that includes a housing forming a fluid passageway. A reaction vessel is positioned within the housing, and arranged in flow communication with a source of positrons. A gamma ray absorption assembly is positioned within the fluid passageway so that as positrons interact with electrons and annihilate, gamma rays impinge upon the gamma ray absorption assembly.

Abstract: A propellant supply device (10) is provided for a vehicle (11) having a main propulsion motor (12) and having an attitude control system (11) including a plurality of thrusters (14A, 14B, 14C, . . . , 14F). The improved device comprises: a pressure vessel (15); first and second movable walls (20, 21) operatively arranged within the pressure vessel and dividing the interior space therewithin into three separate sealed chambers (22, 23, 24) from each of which fluid may be supplied; a first fluid (e.g., a first bipropellant)in one of the chambers; a second fluid (e.g., a second bipropellant) in a second of the chambers; and a third fluid (e.g., ammonia) in a third of the chambers, the third fluid being a volatile liquid having a liquid phase and a gaseous phase, and wherein all three chambers are pressurized to the vapor pressure of the third fluid.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and fuel composition for the protection of a catalytic after treatment system and a method for protecting a catalytic after treatment system in a lean burn system are disclosed. A scavenging agent is introduced into the combustion chamber in an amount effective to complex with catalytic poisoning combustion byproducts and improve emissions system durability. In a preferred embodiment, the scavenger is an organometallic compound which also imparts additional desirable properties to the fuel.

Abstract: An apparatus (12) for treatment of exhaust gas of a combustion device (1) with a catalytically active converter unit (5) includes a heating device (5) for heating the converter unit (5) with a hydrogenous heating substance, which reduces substantially the system-related expenditure, and which substantially improves the cold-start behavior of the catalytic converter and therefore, substantially reduces in particular the contaminant exhaust of the combustion device (1) during its cold start phase. The combustion device (1) is formed as a supply device (1) for supplying the hydrogenous heating substance to the converter unit (5).

Abstract: A method for checking the functionality of a water adsorber in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine is provided. A sensor measures the temperature of the exhaust gases downstream in the flow direction from the water adsorber, and the functionality of the water adsorber is judged based on the change over time in the rate of increase in the sensed temperature after the internal combustion engine has been started.