Abstract: A method and system is disclosed for a device to quickly determine if data is being sent to it. If no data is being sent to the device, the device may return to a sleep mode so as to conserve energy. The present invention includes organizing and transmitting, one at a time, all device destination identifiers. If a message listing search indicates that no message is being sent for a device, the device can continue with any other activity that needs servicing, or if no other activity is pending, it may shut down to conserve power until the next wake up period arrives. If the search returns a positive indication, the count value when the identifier is found can be used to determine the location of the pointer to the message.

Abstract: A method and system is disclosed that allows for the designation of over 1,000,000 individual users in a communication system, such as an EDACS system, using the existing five-digit portion of command message utilized for specifying the destination address. This is accomplished by using an Extended Addressing Digital Interface (EADI) protocol using hexadecimal characters in the command message rather than decimal characters, thereby creating an “extended addressing” (EA) capability. The largest five-digit hexadecimal number, FFFFF, corresponds to the decimal number 1,048,575, thereby realizing the ability to exceed one million users, without having to change the size (number of digits) in the command message. Backward compatibility is assured by adding new mode commands that identify a particular command message as being generated by EA compatible equipment.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for providing a multi-channel, multi-user wireless intercom, comprising a plurality of multi-channel wireless transceiver radios configured to form a radio unit. Each user in a group of users employs a radio unit to communicate with other users in the group. Users may selectively communicate with another user or broadcast simultaneously to all users in the group. Additionally, subnets between users may be formed where communications take place among a number of selected users comprising less than the entire group of users. Receive and transmit audio combiners are employed such that users can hear communications traffic on one or more channels and transmit on one or more channels, simultaneously.

Abstract: A TDMA wireless communication system adjusts the power control target and transmission power based upon link quality to enhance voice capacity. The power can be adjusted in response to the average SNIR and number of decoding errors in a link quality reporting period. The power control target can be increased and decreased in discrete intervals after evaluating the number of decoding errors in the reporting period. The transmission power can be adjusted towards the new power control target based upon the average SNIR.

Abstract: Techniques to implement MBMS services in a wireless communication system. In one aspect, a method is provided for processing data for transmission to a plurality of terminals. Frames of information bits (which may have variable rates) are provided to a buffer implementing a matrix. The matrix is padded with padding bits based on a particular padding scheme to support variable frame rates. The frames are then coded based on a particular block code to provide parity bits. The frame of information bits and the parity bits are then transmitted to the terminals. In another aspect, a method is provided for controlling the transmit power of a data transmission to a plurality of terminals. In accordance with the method, TPC streams are received from the terminals and processed to obtain a stream of joint power control commands used to adjust the transmit power of the data transmission.

Abstract: Apparatus for network communication includes a cable arranged to form a wired local area network (LAN), the cable comprising at least first and second conductors. A plurality of access points are interconnected by the cable and are arranged in a wireless local area network (WLAN) to communicate over the air on a common frequency channel with a mobile station. The access points are adapted to convey data to and from the mobile station over the LAN via the first conductor and to exchange control messages among the access points via the second conductor.

Abstract: A method for mobile communication includes arranging a plurality of access points in a wireless local area network (WLAN) to communicate on a common frequency channel with a mobile station, and linking the access points together by cables in a wired local area network (LAN). When one or more of the access points receive an uplink signal transmitted over the WLAN by the mobile station on the common frequency channel, the access points send messages over the LAN and arbitrate among themselves based on the messages so as to select one of the access points to respond to the uplink signal.

Abstract: A method for mobile communication by access points in a wireless local area network (WLAN) includes transmitting a first downlink signal on a common frequency channel from a first access point to a first mobile station, at a first downlink power level, which is adjusted responsively to a first uplink power level transmitted from the first mobile station to the first access point. If the first downlink signal received at a second access point is below a predetermined interference threshold, the second access point may transmit a second downlink signal on the common frequency channel to a second mobile station, simultaneously with transmission of the first downlink signal from the first access point to the first mobile station. The capacity of the WLAN may thus be substantially increased.

Abstract: An information propagation system allowing information notification destinations to fall within a certain range proximate to an information providing source without limiting the destinations to those in contact with the source and without expanding the destinations to many and unspecified destinations is provided. A fixed station or a portable information terminal transmits a message and a message transfer frequency to a portable information terminal. The portable information terminal transfers the message to a portable information terminal and subtracts the message transfer frequency by one, and further transfers the message to a portable information terminal and subtracts the message transfer frequency by one. The portable information terminal finishes transferring the message when the message transfer frequency reaches zero. The portable information terminal transfers the received message to a portable information terminal and subtracts the message transfer frequency by one.

Abstract: A system and method to obtain a nickname for records, particularly records having number fields. A set of triplets is identified in a record 401. Criteria, at least at a strict level, is set to establish that used triplets are many, and hard to avoid 403. Using this criteria, triplets may be processed in order 405. Each triplet is checked against the criteria 407. Avoidance of the used criteria, i.e. that the current triplet is not used, enables the triplet to be associated with the record 413. Failure to avoid the used criteria enables a loop to continue if the exit criteria 409 is not met. A next triplet is obtained 410 if the inner loop continues. Otherwise, a check to get a more relaxed used triplet criteria is made 411. If a relaxed used triplet criteria is available 411, the relaxed used triplet criteria (having fewer used triplets) is used 415, and an outer loop continues with processing of the list of triplets 405 again. Otherwise, a triplet may manually be associated with the record 417.

Abstract: This invention provides an enhancement to the current mechanism used to make mobile device enter idle mode if a suitable cell could not be found and avoid unnecessary power consumption.

Abstract: A multi-purpose wireless communication device. The device is in the form of an headset for wireless transmission of audio information. The device includes a connection for a U.S.B. port of a computer for wireless data communication. The device includes a case containing a circuit board, a headset, a retractable microphone, and a connection port. The circuit board includes an 8M bit memory partitioned into two 4M bit segments, and an integrated circuit control chip. The first segment of the memory is for use with the headset, and the second segment of the memory for wireless data communication when connected to a computer.

Abstract: Image processing means of a game apparatus includes first motion control means and second motion control means. The first motion control means controls the motion of a first character appearing in a game space in response to an operation performed on a first operation switch included in a plurality of operation switches. The second motion control means controls the motion of a second character also appearing in the game space but different from the first character in response to an operation performed on a second operation switch, and changes the motion of the first character based on the motion of the second character. Thus, the present game apparatus makes a relationship between a player and subjects of operation involved, thereby allowing the player to experience a novel sensation in playing a game.

Abstract: The method of the present invention involves a card game in which one or two rows of cards are dealt to a player. The player makes a wager to elect to play one or more sub-hands to be constructed from the one or two rows of cards dealt. In the basic game, sub-hands are constructed column-by-column whereby in a first column, a player selects none or one of the cards from the first column of the at least two rows of dealt cards for entry into a first sub-hand. The process is repeated for further elected sub-hands whereby the selection process is independent in each sub-hand. Additional cards are dealt from the deck for non-selected positions in the elected sub-hands. The poker hand ranking of each sub-hand is determined. The player is then paid for any winning poker hands based on a predetermined ranking table and the amount of the player's wager.

Abstract: The apparatus (not labeled) is used in a side bet system that is integrated with the casino game called Blackjack, also know as Twenty-One. The apparatus (not labeled), a Blackjack table modified for the present invention, is shown from a top view. The apparatus (not labeled) utilizes a playing surface (10), which includes a number of player stations (12), each of which include a casino game wager area (14), a black wager area (16), and a red wager area (18). A dealer will be seated apposition to a chip tray (20).

Abstract: A game is comprised of a plurality of stages. Each operation of the game begins with the operation of a first stage. Depending on the outcome of the first stage the game may be over, or there may be an operation of a second stage. Depending on the outcome of the second stage, the game may be over or there may be an operation of another stage. This sequence continues until the game ends or until the final (nth) stage has been operated, at which time the game ends. Wagers are made on successive stages of the multi-stage game. Each stage of the game may typically have its own paytable or payout scheme, and its own expected return. A bet made on a stage of the game which is not played is lost in the preferred form of the invention. One embodiment is a three stage, multi-line, multi-coin video slot machine. The same game format (slots) with the same paytable is operated on three stages, with increasing payout multipliers at each stage providing an increasing amount to win at the higher stages.

Abstract: A method for playing a game of chance and system for facilitating the play of the game are disclosed. The method of playing the game of chance includes making a purchase transaction having an associated transaction price. The method of playing the game of chance further includes receiving a lottery number. The method of playing a lottery game further includes receiving a prize if a predetermined function of the lottery number and the transaction price satisfies a predetermined matching condition.

Abstract: A gaming machine adapted to display and operate a base game 10 (such as a spinning reel type poker machine), and a feature game 15. The operation of the feature game 15 does not rely on any triggering outcomes in the base game 10. The random occurrence of a predetermined trigger 16 in the feature 15 causes an adjustment to the outcome in the base game such as the substitution of particular symbols on the reels for wildcards.

Abstract: The gaming device provides a number of selections. When the player chooses a selection, the gaming device randomly generates a value and randomly places the value into one of a number of adjacent slots. When the bottom of each slot is covered with values, the game removes the values and provides an award to the player. In one embodiment, the award includes a value from each slot and in a preferred embodiment the award includes the smallest value from the slots. The gaming device subtracts the lowest value from the remaining values and the player chooses another selection. The process continues until one of a plurality of possible endings occurs.

Abstract: A bonus system and a method of awarding a bonus associated with a gaming machine are disclosed. In one embodiment, the bonus system includes a player tracking system comprising a player tracking device at the gaming machine, a remote player tracking host and a network by which information may be sent to and from the player tracking device and player tracking host. The bonus system includes a bonus system host associated with the network, the bonus system host capable of generating bonus event information which is transmitted to the player tracking device at via the network. In one embodiment, the player tracking device includes a player tracking device controller and one or more peripherals, such as a card reader, display and speakers. Bonus event information is displayed and audible information is generated in response to the sending of bonus event information from the bonus event host to the player tracking device controller.

Abstract: A video game (54) and game system (50) incorporates a game character's sanity level that is affected by occurrences in the game (54) such as encountering a game creature or a gruesome situation. A character's sanity level (10) is modified by an amount determined based on a character reaction to the occurrence such as taking a rest or slowing game progress and/or an amount of character preparation. That is, if a character is prepared for the particular occurrence, the occurrence may have little or no affect on the character's sanity level. As the character's sanity level decreases, game play is effected such as by controlling game effects, audio effects, creating hallucinations and the like. In this context, the same game can be played differently each time it is played.

Abstract: A method for playing video gambling games whereby pay tables vary from play to play, or, alternatively, whereby a plurality of pay tables are possible within a game. For example, in a video poker game a player wagers against a first pay table. If a winner occurs, the next game offers a new pay table with a greater expected value. This process continues until the player loses, whereupon the player is returned to play against the first pay table. Pay tables increment and decrement in expected value based on achieving predetermined events within the current game, within a previous game or games or randomly.

Abstract: A constant velocity joint vent for use in a constant velocity joint of an automotive vehicle. The constant velocity joint vent includes a body generally having a cylindrical shape. The constant velocity joint vent also includes a first axial channel on an inside surface of the body. A semi circumferential channel is in communication with the first axial channel on one end thereof also on the inside surface of the body. A second axial channel in communication with the semi circumferential channel on another end thereof. The vent also includes a diaphragm in communication with the second axial channel and the outer atmosphere. The vent will operate such that high pressure and high temperature gases are vented to the outer atmosphere while any contaminants or water are repelled from entering the constant velocity joint chamber.

Abstract: A coupling member for a power transmission apparatus, connected to a fiber reinforced plastic cylindrical drive shaft, is comprised of a substantially cylindrical fitting portion to be press fitted into the drive shaft. The fitting portion is comprised of a serration portion formed in the axial direction on an outer circumferential surface of the fitting portion. The edge of the fitting portion has an inclined guide surface. The tip area of the guide surface is a guide portion with a smaller outer diameter than an inner diameter of an end portion of the drive shaft. An area between the guide portion and the outer circumferential surface of the fitting portion is a cut away portion continuing from the serration portion. A tapering angle of the cut away portion is smaller than of the guide portion.

Abstract: A golf swing, chip, pitch or putt practice and training device is provided which provides people who play golf the means to develop their ability to swing, chip, pitch and putt. The practice and training device comprises a base and a backstop attached to the base. The base is provided with base alignment marks and a golf ball strike box for positioning and aligning a golfer before, during, and after the execution of a swing, chip, pitch shot or putting stroke. The backstop is likewise provided with backstop alignment marks which further assist in maintaining the golfer's alignment through the swing, and which immediately provide the golfer with an indication of his swing performance. The backstop is provided at its upper end with adjustable means for attaching the backstop to a ceiling or structure, at its lower end with means for attaching the backstop to the base, and is generally curved to ensure that the golf ball automatically returns to the golfer after each swing.

Abstract: A golf club grip (10) with an integral hand placement indicator (20) for encouraging hand placement using a plurality of opposed arcs (32, 32′) for a traditional three knuckle power position which assists in squaring the club face (17) with a golf ball upon impact. The predetermined sinuous surface pattern (20) provides at least a first pair of opposed arcs (34, 34′), a second pair of opposed arcs (36, 36′) and a third pair of opposed arcs (38, 38′) with the second pair (36, 36′) and the third pair (38, 38′) being preferably indicative of a first hand position (40) and a second hand position (42).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for analyzing the motion of a sporting equipment, such as a golf club, a baseball bat, a hockey stick, a football or a tennis racquet, for example. The systems comprises a motion sensing system in communications with the sporting equipment to measure motion parameters, wherein the motion sensing system has at least one at least one accelerometer or at least one gyroscope, and a command station having a data acquisition system to process the measured motion parameters and produce data. The motion sensing system may be located on the sporting equipment or, optionally, within the sporting equipment. The systems and methods described herein can be used to determine the impact location of the sporting equipment with another object, the force of the sporting equipment, the velocity of the sporting equipment and/or the angular orientation of the sporting equipment during a motion.

Abstract: A swing training device includes a central shaft having a first end and a second end, and a plurality of air resistance blades secured to the central shaft adjacent the second end of the central shaft. Each of the air resistance blades includes a proximal edge secured adjacent the central shaft and a distal edge extending away from the central shaft, wherein each of the air resistance blades includes at least one air hole adjacent the proximal edge. The device preferably includes first and second air resistance blades secured to the central shaft and the blades are pivotally secured adjacent the central shaft for rotation about an axis substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the central shaft.

Abstract: A plug for use in a golf club to selectively alter the swing weight of the golf club includes a sleeve for holding a high-density material such as Tungsten (sintered or unsintered) in the form of powder, rods or scrap parts. The sleeve is preferably made of plastic and shaped as a substantially hollow cylinder having an outer wall surface. The sleeve is further formed with a plurality of elongated ridges that project from the outer wall surface of the cylindrical sleeve. The ridges define a ridge diameter measured around the radial extremity of each ridge. This ridge diameter is sized to be larger than the inner diameter of the shaft at the end where the plug will be inserted. When the sleeve is inserted into the shaft, the ridges are compressed to establish an interference fit between the ridges and the shaft that anchors the sleeve to the shaft.

Abstract: A compact golf accessory which may function as a cigar holder, golf club rest or golf ball retriever. The golf accessory is conveniently carried in a golf bag.

Abstract: Systems of affecting sports performance are disclosed that provide sensory stimulation and induce a response, such as a psychological or physiologic response, including performance enhancement through sports equipment configuration. Equipment configuration may include sensory stimulation configurations, such as color, image, business designation, or other indicia, provided to sports equipment, potentially through paint processes, and may utilize color psychology to make color or other customized visual, psychological, or physiological dependent choices, creating indicia to produce consistent performance, a vehicle for self-expression, or brand awareness. Marketing systems are further disclosed incorporating indicia configured to sports equipment, such as golf clubs, serving as custom expressive indicia. Further, systems are disclosed that assist consumers in making configuration determinations and purchases employing any or all of the above elements.

Abstract: An apparatus which may be used to convert conventional length putters to long putters while also providing an adjustment feature over a large range to accommodate virtually all golfers who wish to use long putters which have the precise length suited to their individual needs. The preferred embodiment comprises a first extension shaft which is a hollow tube inserted into the upper end of the conventional putter shaft after an end portion of the grip has been removed to reveal the upper end. The first extension shaft terminates in a threaded portion. A threaded nut is then secured to the threaded portion. A second extension shaft, slightly smaller in diameter than the first extension shaft, is then inserted into the first extension shaft to achieve the desired putter length including an extension grip affixed to the upper end of the second extension shaft.

Abstract: A putter, comprising a head comprising an offset hosel; a heel; a toe; and a planar striking face; wherein the head comprises a first reference line is spaced from and parallel to said planar striking face; and a ladder comprised of a plurality of second reference lines, wherein the ladder is located substantially between the hosel and the heel and the second reference lines are perpendicular to the striking face.

Abstract: An attractive user-friendly golf putter is provided with a special center weighted housing and side weights to enhance the accuracy, ease and reliability of putting. The side weights are preferably positioned between the center weighted housing and the toe and heel of the golf putter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hollow golf club head comprising a metal striking insert and a composite body. The metal striking insert (1) is molded within the front face wall (2) of the club head body and is securely attached at the outside perimeter of the insert to the composite body and at the front corners of the composite body through the use of a sandwiched structure (7, 8, & 9). The sandwich structure formed at the boundaries of the striking metal insert efficiently dissipates the impact energy affected when a golf ball is hit. The structure also dampens efficiently the vibrations of the shock affected when the ball is hit on the metal striking insert. The present invention of positioning the insert inside the face wall, not extending outside the face wall, uses less metal material which is heavier than the composite material and makes a larger club head at the same total weight of the club head.

Abstract: A wood-type golf club head comprises a club face provided with a high-resilience part whose Young's modulus E is in a range of from 40 to 80 GPa. The head volume is in a range of from 270 to 420 cc. The horizontal inertial moment is in a range of from 3000 to 4500 (g·sq.cm), and the gravity point depth is in a range of from 15 to 25 mm.

Abstract: A golf ball comprising a center and at least one cover layer, formed from the steps of providing a plurality of centers; providing a top mold plate defining a first plurality of cavities, a bottom mold plate defining a second plurality of cavities corresponding to the first cavities, and a center mold plate disposed between the top and bottom mold plates and comprising a plurality of corresponding protrusions; forming a plurality of shells from a layer material by: i) placing the layer material into the top and bottom mold plate cavities; and ii) molding the layer material around the protrusions of the center plate by applying heat and pressure to the top and bottom mold plates such that the layer material has a different temperature than the mold plates; opening at least one of the top or bottom mold plates from the center plate and placing the centers in the shells; and joining the top and bottom mold plates to join the shells around the centers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multi-layer golf ball having a soft outer cover. The golf ball has an inner cover layer with a Shore D hardness of 60 or more, and an outer cover with a Shore D hardness of 55 or less, and more preferably 50 or less. In a particularly preferred form of the invention, the outer cover comprises at least 75% of a soft copolymer formed from a polyolefin, an unsaturated carboxylic acid, and a monomer of the acrylate ester class. The golf ball of the invention has exceptionally soft feel and high spin rates on short shots of 80 yards or less and, particularly, 40 yards or less, while maintaining good distance and average spin on full shots.

Abstract: A multi-purpose golf accessory includes a divot repair tool pivotally attached to a cover. A ball marker may be removably attached to a top portion of the cover, and a glove attachment device, such as hook and loop fasteners, may be positioned on a lower portion of the cover. A surface may be defined on the cover between the ball marker and the glove attachment device for displaying a visual image. The cover may have a resilient clip for attaching the golf accessory to the apparel of a user.

Abstract: A circuit for a bicycle control device comprises a processor, a signal divider coupled to the processor, and a switch coupled to the signal divider so that operating the switch causes a signal input to the processor to change between at least a first signal value and a second signal value. The processor performs a first operation when the first signal value is input to the processor, and the processor performs a second operation when the second signal value is input to the processor.

Abstract: An apparatus for moving an electrically controlled bicycle derailleur from a first sprocket to a second sprocket comprises a derailleur position input for receiving a signal indicating a position of the derailleur; a memory storing a first reference derailleur position for the second sprocket; and a motion control circuit that provides a plurality of signals to move the derailleur from the first sprocket to the second sprocket. The plurality of signals comprises a first signal generated when the derailleur initially moves away from the first sprocket and a second signal generated when the derailleur is in close proximity to the second sprocket.

Abstract: A hydrostatic transmission for vehicle interposed in a drive-power transmission path between a driving power source and a driving axle for non-stepwisely changing the speed of the vehicle includes an HST housing; a hydraulic pump unit having a pump shaft with first and second ends extending in a fore-aft direction of the vehicle away from each other; a hydraulic motor unit having a motor shaft for outputting the drive power from the motor shaft whose speed is non-stepwisely varied in cooperation with the hydraulic pump unit; a PTO unit having a PTO shaft extending in the fore-aft direction of the vehicle, the PTO shaft being operatively connected to the pump shaft; a charge pump unit for replenishing pressurized hydraulic fluid to a hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic circuit hydraulically connecting the hydraulic pump unit with the hydraulic motor unit, the charge pump unit including a charge pump body, and a charge pump case connected to the HST housing through its wall closer to the driving axle for supportin

Abstract: A method and apparatus for increasing locomotor muscle size and strength at low training intensities using eccentric ergometry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control console automatically planning a personal exercise program in accordance with the measured value of the cardiopulmonary condition and comprising a cardiopulmonary condition sensor which is installed in a body-building device. Besides, the control console is fitted with a microprocessor which automatically plans an optimal exercise program for the operator after receiving the cardiopulmonary condition data measured by the cardiopulmonary condition sensor. After input of personal data of the body weight and height, the microprocessor will calculate the difference between the real body weight and the standard weight. Accordingly, an optimal exercise program for a certain operator can be automatically decided additionally in taking the measured value of the cardiopulmonary condition into account.

Abstract: An infant trainer for assisting an infant in learning to walk having a lateral support bar adapted to be secured around the stomach and chest area of an infant; and having a rigid upwardly extending support member attached to the rear of the lateral support bar; and having a handle at the upper end of the support bar to guide the trainer and to support an infant contained therein; and having support straps to be secured around the infant to hold the infant within the trainer.

Abstract: Walking training overalls comprising: a) a body portion having a closed side having a first leg opening, and an opening side which opens to access a second leg opening; b) a back portion having shoulder straps extending to a front portion of the body portion; and c) a single hand held strap extending from a top portion of the back portion. A method of using the above overalls comprises the steps of positioning a first leg of an infant within the first leg opening by sliding the leg along an interior side portion of the body portion of the overalls; extending and then attaching end portions of the open side portion together around a second leg of the infant; positioning the shoulder straps on and over the shoulders of the infant; and finally, holding the single hand held strap to support the infant in an upright walking position.

Abstract: A portable in-place beveled multilevel cushioned mat that allows simulated jogging and running. This cushioned mat consists of a flat front section for the toes and front of the foot, and a beveled higher back section with a high flat top for the heel to provide foot support and anatomically corrected jogging and running motion. It is made of a closed or open cellular foam system from polymeric elastomers. The mat may be made of a foam core with polymer coated shell or molded with one or more than one type of foam system.

Abstract: A device and method for bilateral upper extremity training for patients with a paretic upper extremity, the device facilitating cortical remodeling, sustained relearning and improvement in functional outcomes in paretic and possibly non-paretic upper extremities. In one variation, the device includes a base (2), an adjustable chest plate (31) for placing the user at a set distance from the device and isolating arm movement, an incline plate (3) attached and inclinable relative to the base, two width plates (30, 31) adjustably attached to the incline plate, and two swivel (50, 51) plates adjustably attached to the width plates. In one variation, the swivel plates are swivalable relative to a fixed point in a plane parallel to the plane of the width plates. In another variation, the swivel plates are pivotably attached to the width plates. Other features of the device include a counter for counting user activity, and audible and visual cueing devices for facilitating sustained learning.

Abstract: A dumbbell system (10) is provided including a base weight member (12) having a ring-shaped body (14) and a handle (18) extending across an opening (16) in the ring-shaped body (14). A plurality of weight rings (20, 22, 24) are adapted to be removably mounted to the base weight member (12) in order to provide a compact dumbbell system which has the capability of providing several weight increments in a compact assembly. The dumbbell system (10) is ideal for use in areas where space is limited. The dumbbell (10) also provides for a unique balanced mass arrangement which alleviates undesired stresses on a user's wrist.

Abstract: A multipurpose hand puller mainly comprises at least one set of hand pullers, pedals, handgrips and operation levers, in which each set of the puller consists of a casing, brake mechanism, sheave and pulling rope. The delicately designed structure and diverse manipulation of a handgrip and operation lever provide a great number of combination and multipurpose exercises with least space occupied and maximum benefit achieved.