Abstract: A holding material used for a catalytic converter having a catalyst carrier shaped like a cylinder, a casing for receiving the catalyst carrier, and the holding material mounted on the catalyst carrier and interposed in a gap between the catalyst carrier and the casing, the holding material including a molding of inorganic fibers shaped like a mat or a cylinder, wherein at least an exhaust-gas-inlet-side end portion of the holding material is set to be smaller in basis weight than any other area of the holding material over a predetermined axial length.

Abstract: Crystallization Photoresist (PR) apparatus and methods which allow for fast screening and determination of protein crystallization conditions with small protein quantities and rapid crystallization. The apparatus comprise a first region comprising a first nucleation catalyst material and a second region comprising a second nucleation catalyst material, with the first and second regions positioned adjacent to each other and configured to support at least one crystal, and with the first region having a variation in a nucleation property of the first nucleation catalyst material in the first region. The crystal may be supported at an interface of the adjacent regions.

Abstract: A sterilization container holds instruments during a sterilization process. It has an enclosure with an opening into the enclosure and an adapter at the opening. Various inserts such as semi-permeable filters and blocking plates may be placed into the adapter.

Abstract: A sterilization container holds instruments during a sterilization process. It has an enclosure with an opening into the enclosure. A filter is provided to filter the opening and a closure is provided to seal the opening.

Abstract: A connector for joining two parts of a medical product, where the parts are sterilized by different forms of sterilization, is disclosed. The connector includes a generally tubular body having a first end adapted for connection to a part of the medical product, another closed, but openable end, and an expansion chamber of one-piece integral construction with the tubular body.

Abstract: A separation medium, a method for using that separation medium and an apparatus for selectively extracting multivalent cations such as pseudo-lanthanide, prelanthanide, lanthanide, preactinide or actinide cations from an aqueous acidic sample solution is described. The separation medium is preferably free-flowing and comprises particles having a diglycolamide (DGA) extractant dispersed onto an inert, porous support.

Abstract: To provide a method for reducing oxygen and carbon components in high-purity fluoride such as calcium fluoride and barium fluoride (high-purity fluoride is not limited to calcium fluoride and barium fluoride), or in rare-earth fluoride such as ytterbium fluoride and cerium fluoride used for an optical fiber, a coating material, and so on.

Abstract: A method of scrubbing SOx, NOx compounds and other air toxins from a flue gas stream. In the method, two distinct unit operations are amalgamated to scrub SOx, NOx and other air toxins compounds from a flue gas stream. More specifically, there is a dry scrubbing operation and a wet scrubbing operation. The dry injection scrubbing operation involves contacting a flue gas stream containing SOx and NOx compounds with a sorbent for removing substantially all of the SOx and NOx compounds present in the stream. The second wet scrubbing operation involves contacting the stream to remove any residual SOx, NOx compounds, and other air toxins remaining in the stream.

Abstract: The current invention provides systems and method for reducing emissions of gaseous pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide. The invention utilizes at least one catalyst bed and at least one fluidizable bed of sorbent material. The current invention provides for regeneration of the sorbent material without interrupting the catalytic reaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides an inorganic oxide made of MLn2QR4O12, where M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba; Ln is at least one rare earth element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu; Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb,; and R is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl. This inorganic oxide serves as a phosphor or a phosphor host and if it contains ions capable of being the luminescent center, it becomes a phosphor emitting fluorescent light. Thus, a novel oxide that can be a phosphor host of a high efficiency phosphor or the phosphor itself and a novel phosphor are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to control the degree of connectivity of the colloidal particles making up a colloidal crystal and, consequently, the pore size, filling fraction, mechanical stability and optical properties of the colloidal lattice, without disrupting its long range order and without the deleterious effects of lattice contraction induced cracking observed in conventional necking methods based on thermal sintering. The colloidal particles are connected to adjacent colloidal particles in the lattice by a homogeneous layer of uniform and controllable thickness of a metal oxide. This metal oxide layer is grown in a layer-by-layer process and is chemically bonded to the colloidal particle surface and serves to enhance the mechanical stability of the colloidal crystal in addition to acting to control the pore size or void volume between the colloidal particles in the lattice.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for preparing precipitated silica comprising reaction of a silicate with an acidifying agent whereby is obtained a precipitated silica suspension, then separating and drying said suspension. The invention is characterised in that said method comprises the following process: adding to the reaction medium at least a compound A of aluminium; then adding to the reaction medium an acidifying agent, said separation comprising filtration and disintegration of the cake derived from said filtration, said disintegration being preferably carried out in the presence of at least a compound B of aluminium. The thus prepared silica precipitates are particularly well adapted for use as reinforcing elastomer filler.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing silane (SiH4) by a) reacting metallurgical silicon with silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) and hydrogen (H2), to form a crude gas stream containing trichlorosilane (SiHCl3) and silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4), b) removing impurities from the resulting crude gas stream by washing with condensed chlorosilanes, c) condensing and subsequently, separating the purified crude gas stream by distillation, d) returning the partial stream consisting essentially of SiCl4 to the reaction of metallurgical silicon with SiCl4 and H2, e) disproportionating the partial stream containing SiHCl3, to form SiCl4 and SiH4 and f) returning the SiH4 formed by disproportionation to the reaction of metallurgical silicon with SiCl4 and H2, the crude gas stream containing trichlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride being liberated from solids as far as possible by gas filtration before being washed with the condensed chlorosilanes.

Abstract: A process is provided for the removal of undesirable organic matter from solutions of sodium nitrite that are generated as byproducts in the manufacture of thermoplastic resins. The process employs certain activated carbon types derived from lignite granular material under conditions that are favorable to promote the absorption of the organic matter of a variety of organic substances that are residuals that remain from organic phase specifications in the plastics manufacture.

Abstract: The present invention includes a process for producing carbon filaments and synthesis gas from a mixture of alkanes, preferably natural gas, comprising converting a first portion of the alkanes, preferably C2+ hydrocarbons, directly to carbon filaments and converting a second portion of the alkanes, preferably methane, to syngas. The natural gas may be separated into a first feed stream comprising ethane, propane, and butane and a second feed stream comprising methane. The first feed stream is fed to a carbon filament CF reactor to produce carbon filaments and hydrogen. The second feed stream is fed to a syngas production reactor to produce syngas. Alternatively, the natural gas is fed to at least one carbon filament reactor that is maintained at an effective temperature to convert C2+ hydrocarbons in the natural gas to carbon filaments and hydrogen, thereby filtering methane from the natural gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for lowering the content of organic matter and of nitrogenous products contained in a liquid to solid bromine-containing effluent, which consists in subjecting the said effluent to one or more physicochemical treatments chosen from:

Abstract: A selenating reagent obtained by reacting lithium aluminum hydride with selenium powder in an organic solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the concentration of the spent acid produced in connection with the scrubbing smelter or roaster gas. The hot gas produced is scrubbed first by dry and then by wet separation, and the scrubbed gas is conducted to the manufacture of a sulfurous end product. The spent acid formed is dilute, and its sulfuric acid content is increased by making use of the thermal capacity of the actual hot gas, which comes from dry separation. Thus, by making use of the thermal capacity of the gas created in the process, it is possible to replace, at least partly, the use of evaporators.

Abstract: A process of the synthesis of nanotubes of transition metal dichalcogenides by chemical transport with the addition of fullerences is provided to obtain nanotubes of transistion metal dichalcogenides. The nanotubes are hexagonally arranged in form of needle-like bundles. The process comprises chemical transport, in which the fullerences exist in the vapour phase. The chemical fullerences are used at conditions, in which the fullerences exist in the vapour phase. The chemical transport reaction occurs in a quartz ampoule, sealed at a pressure lower than 0.66 Pa. The temperature in the hot part of the ampoule is higher than 830° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides high-quality tantalum oxide or niobium oxide powders with more stable quality. These high-quality tantalum oxide or niobium oxide powders have an extremely high lightness of color, having an L* value from 97 to 100 both inclusive in the L*a*b* color system. These powders contain a small amount of impurities and have a stable form of pentoxide. To produce the above described tantalum oxide or niobium oxide powders having an extremely high lightness of color, oxygen is sufficiently supplied to a roasted product in a roasting step and a subsequent high-temperature step which are both carried out during their production process.

Abstract: A molybdenum carbide compound is formed by reacting a molybdate with a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. By heating the molybdate powder from a temperature below 300° C. to maximum temperature 850° C., a controlled reaction can be conducted wherein molybdenum carbide is formed. A high surface area, nanograin, metastable molybdenum carbide can be formed when the reaction temperature is below 750° C. The metastable molybdenum carbide is particularly suitable for use as a catalyst for the methane dry reforming reaction and the water gas shift reaction.

Abstract: A stable solid food product that includes a carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber and a source of 13C, is suitable for use in gastric emptying tests. Also, methods for preparing the food product and conducting a gastric emptying test utilizing the food product.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of screening an agent for activity using teleosts. Methods of screening an agent for angiogenesis activity, toxic activity and an effect cell death activity in teleosts are provided. The invention further provides high throughput methods of screening agents in multi-well plates.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agent for inducing receptor potential, which comprises an organic dye compound capable of inducing/evoking receptor potential in response to photostimulation in the optic nerve, wherein the organic dye compound is a polymethine organic dye compound. Also disclosed is a substituent material for the retina comprising the agent.

Abstract: Fluoroalkanes such as fluoromethane labeled with 17F are produced by contacting 17F labeled F2 with alkanes, preferably methane, substituted or unsubstituted alkenes, or substituted or unsubstituted alkynes in the presence of a metal oxide catalyst, preferably a silver oxide catalyst, to produce the 17F labeled fluoroalkane. The 17F may be produced by irradiating 20Ne with protons, preferably having an energy of about 11 MeV and produced by a cyclotron. The 17F labeled fluoromethane or fluoroalkanes may be produced continuously. A method for determining the location of an 17F labeled tracer includes generating an 17F labeled fluoroalkane, administering the 17F labeled fluoroalkane to a test subject, and scanning the test subject with a radiosensitive detector such as a positron emission tomography scanner.

Abstract: A functionalized active-nucleus complex sensor that selectively associates with one or more target species. The functionalized active-nucleus complex comprises an active-nucleus and a targeting carrier. The targeting carrier comprises a first binding region having at least a minimal transient binding of the active-nucleus to form the functionalized active-nucleus complex that produces a detectable signal when the functionalized active-nucleus complex associates with the target species and a second binding region that selectively associates with the target species. Included is a method for assaying and screening for one or a plurality of target species utilizing one or a plurality of functionalized active-nucleus complexes with at least two of the functionalized active-nucleus complexes having an attraction affinity to different corresponding target species.

Abstract: Buccal aerosol sprays or capsule using polar and non-polar solvent have now been developed which provide biologically active compounds for rapid absorption through the oral mucosa, resulting in fast onset of effect. The buccal polar compositions of the invention comprises formulation I: polar solvent 37-98.58%, active compound 0.005-55%, optionally containing flavoring agent 0.1-10%.

Abstract: Formulations are disclosed as are aerosols created therefrom. The formulations are comprised of (a) a pharmaceutically active drug which does not ionize in solution; (b) an electrolyte; and (c) a solvent which is preferably water and/or ethanol. The electrolyte reduces electrostatic charging on particles of aerosol formed thereby enhancing characteristics of the aerosol particles which are important for efficient, repeatable intrapulmonary drug delivery.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to a method for pulmonary delivery of therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic agents to a patient wherein the agent is released in a sustained fashion, and to particles suitable for use in the method. In particular, the invention relates to a method for the pulmonary delivery of a therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic agent comprising administering to the respiratory tract of a patient in need of treatment, prophylaxis or diagnosis an effective amount of particles comprising a therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic agent or any combination thereof in association with a charged lipid, wherein the charged lipid has an overall net charge which is opposite to that of the agent upon association with the agent. Release of the agent from the administered particles occurs in a sustained fashion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a particulate substrate suitable for carrying a drug for delivery, comprising a substantially crystalline core and a surface coating, wherein the particulate substrate has a proportion of amorphous character of 2% of greater by weight of particulate substrate, and a process for the production of carrier particles comprising the steps of: a) mixing crystalline particles having an average diameter greater than 10 &mgr;m with at least partially amorphous particles having average diameters less than 10 &mgr;m; b) exposing the mixture to conditions capable of inducing crystallization of the amorphous particles for a predetermined period in order that partial crystallization takes place.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions which contain a corticosteroid, a propellant, a cosolvent, and an antioxidant are useful for the treatment of bronchial disorders by administration via a pressurized metered dose inhaler.

Abstract: A method and a composition for treatment of pulmonary bacterial infections caused by gram-negative bacteria suitable for treatment of infection caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter species, Serratia marcescens as well as those caused by Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, and multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using a concentrated formulation of aztreonam lysinate delivered as an aerosol or dry powder formulation.

Abstract: The need for the delivery of insulin by injection can be reduced or eliminated by delivering an aerosolized monomeric insulin formulation. Repeatability of dosing and more particularly the repeatability of the blood concentration versus time profile is improved relative to regular insulin. The blood concentration versus time profile is substantially unaffected by specific aspects of the patient's breathing maneuver at delivery. Further, the rate at which blood glucose is lowered is increased by the use of monomeric insulin. Particles of insulin and in particular monomeric insulin delivered to the surface of lung tissue will be absorbed into the circulatory system. The monomeric insulin may be a dry powder but is preferably in a liquid formulation delivered to the patient from a hand-held, self-contained device which automatically releases an aerosolized burst of formulation.

Abstract: A peroxide containing dual component dentifrice composition providing enhanced whitening efficacy and minimal gingival irritation and tooth sensitivity, the composition being comprised of a separately maintained first aqueous dentifrice component containing a peroxide compound and an abrasive system compatible with the peroxide and a second aqueous dentifrice component containing a desensitizing compound and an abrasive that is incompatible with peroxide compound whereby when the components are mixed and combined for the first time and exposed to the surface of teeth, an enhanced whitening effect is obtained with minimal tooth sensitivity and gum irritation.

Abstract: A thin, flexible, bilayer or multi-layer film which when applied to teeth surfaces adheres and delivers an active compound to the underlying surface and erodes at a predetermined rate. The amount of time that the active agent remains in contact with the teeth surfaces is controlled by the composition of backing layer of the composite film. This erosion or residence time can be regulated one half hour to three hours, depending upon the desired therapeutic or cosmetic application.

Abstract: Disclosed are sunscreen compositions comprising a combination of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide being present in a weight ratio of from about 10:1 to 1:10 and the total of said titanium dioxide and zinc oxide comprises greater than 60% by weight of the total composition. Also disclosed is a method for reducing sunburn on animals comprising the step of topically apply a composition comprising a combination of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide being present in a weight ratio of from about 10:1 to 1:10 and the total of said titanium dioxide and zinc oxide comprises greater than 60% by weight of the total composition onto exposed skin of the animal.

Abstract: Derivatives of fluorene, including ester derivatives of cyano(9H-fluoren-9-ylidene) acetic acid, and sunscreen compositions including a mixture of a photoactive compound and an ester derivative of cyano(9H-fluoren-9-ylidene) acetic acid are disclosed herein. Also disclosed are methods for terminating a polymer chain with an ester derivative of cyano(9H-fluoren-9-ylidene) acetic acid and methods of filtering out ultra-violet light from a substrate by the use of one or more such derivatives.

Abstract: Topically applicable, photostable cosmetic/dermatological UV-screening compositions comprise (a) at least one UV-screening dibenzoylmethane compound, (b) p-methylbenzylidenecamphor, and (c) a methylbenzylidenecamphor photostabilizing amount of at least one 4,4-diarylbutadiene compound, formulated into a topically applicable, cosmetically/dermatologically acceptable support therefor; the weight ratio of the 4,4-diarylbutadiene compound(s) to the dibenzoylmethane compound(s) is characteristically greater than 2.5 and the subject compositions are advantageously devoid of any cinnamate sunscreen.

Abstract: Photoprotective cosmetic/dermatological compositions well suited for the UV-photoprotection of human skin and/or hair, comprise (a) at least one organic UV-screening agent and (b) an SPF-improving amount of at least one amphiphilic polymerizate of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which comprises a sulfonic group, whether in the free acid or in partially or totally neutralized state, and which amphiphilic polymerizate also comprises at least one hydrophobic moiety.

Abstract: Photoprotective cosmetic/dermatological compositions well suited for UV-photoprotecting the skin, lips, hair, eyelashes, eyebrows and/or nails against the damaging effects of UV radiation comprise (i) an effective UV-screening amount of at least one 1,3,5-triazine sunscreen, and (ii) an amount effective to solubilize the totality of said at least one triazine sunscreen (i) of at least one triester of a benzenetricarboxylic acid, formulated into (iii) a topically applicable, cosmetically/dermatologically acceptable carrier therefor.

Abstract: External skin preparations with a sun-screening effect are frequently blended with an ultraviolet absorbent octyl methoxycinnamate together with ultraviolet reflectors titanium oxide and zinc oxide in powder. The skin irritation of octyl methoxycinnamate is enhanced when blended with the powders of titanium oxide and zinc oxide and the like. It is an object of the invention to provide an external skin preparation capable of reducing the skin irritation.

Abstract: Described are skin-care compositions containing non denatured soy products and optionally other anti-cancer or anti-aging agents. The compositions can be applied topically to reduce the risk of UV-induced cutaneous tumors in skin cells that have not yet been damaged by ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substantially dry compositions containing at least one oxidizing agent and at least one reducing agent and the uses thereof to heat the skin, nail, or hair.

Abstract: Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail bed and is difficult to treat topically because penetration of the nail plate is difficult, and systemic antifungal treatments are prone to side effects and drug interactions.

Abstract: The invention relates to siloxane compounds of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition or article containing at least one oxidizing agent and at least one reducing agent, wherein at least one of the at least one reducing agent is a depilatory agent, the equivalent ratio of the at least one oxidizing agent to the at least one reducing agent is less than 1:1, and the article is exothermic when wet with water, and the use thereof to remove hair from the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for promoting the growth of hair and decreasing hair fall-out containing compounds of formulas (I), (II) and/or (III) 1

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and kits for caring for, treating, conditioning or durable conditioning of at least one keratinous fiber comprising at least one silicone compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid group compound and at least one amine compound comprising at least two amino groups, wherein the amino groups are identical or different.

Abstract: Personal care products are described which comprise a quaternary amino functional silicone elastomer.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compositions containing carbohydrate derivatives for enhancing the skin barrier function. The invention further concerns a cosmetic treatment method for enhancing the skin barrier function by applying on the skin compositions comprising carbohydrate derivatives.