Abstract: A surface acoustic wave apparatus includes at least one longitudinally-coupled-resonator surface acoustic wave filter having at least three IDTs arranged on a piezoelectric substrate along the propagation direction of surface acoustic waves and at least one surface acoustic wave resonator that is connected in series to at least two of the IDTs of the longitudinally-coupled-resonator surface acoustic wave filter. The parasitic capacitance between the longitudinally-coupled-resonator surface acoustic wave filter and the surface acoustic wave resonator is about 6.5×102/f0 [pF] or less, where f0 represents the center frequency (MHz) within the pass band of the longitudinally-coupled-resonator surface acoustic wave filter.

Abstract: An actuator comprises a laminated structure having a vibration plate, a lower electrode, a piezoelectric element, and an upper electrode laminated sequentially on a basic element, and then, at least the lower electrode of the two electrodes is a thin oxide film doped with La of single orientated crystal or monocrystal that contains Sr and Ti. Thus, it is made possible to materialize the micro miniaturized actuator having a strong structure of lamination with high adhesion, which is capable of obtaining large displacement with sufficient durability without spoiling the piezo-electrostrictive property thereof even with the small thickness of the piezoelectric element. With the micro miniaturized actuator thus structured, it is made possible to make a liquid discharge head more precisely.

Abstract: A very compact interference frequency generator (11) which emits with an extremely wide band width and extremely powerfully is afforded by the combination of a mechanical pulse generator (25) with two piezoelectric pillars (13) which are disposed axially in succession and which can be axially acted upon by the pulse generator (25) and which are electrically connected in series in opposite relationship and which are electrically conductively connected with their mutually remote ends (18) to electrodes (34) which extend parallel to the piezoelectric pillars (13) to an electrically conductive coupling portion (15) between the piezoelectric pillars (13) where they end as electrodes (36) of an axial spark gap and at the same time spark gaps (37) which are oriented inclinedly radially towards the coupling portion (15).

Abstract: The invention relates to a micro-reactor, which is preferably configured as a plate and preferably consists of silicon. The aim of the invention is to improve the blending of the substances that are to react. To achieve this, the reactor is provided with a mechanic coupling, comprising at least one generator of mechanical oscillations (24). The invention also relates to a device (25) for controlling the temperature of the micro-reactor.

Abstract: A data cartridge exchange apparatus for use in a data storage system having a drawer with at least a first data cartridge storage location and a second data cartridge storage location. The drawer is operatively associated with the data storage system so that the first data cartridge storage location is moveable between a first position and a second position. The first data cartridge storage location is operatively associated with the second data cartridge storage location so that the first data cartridge storage location is independently moveable from the second data cartridge storage location.

Abstract: In order to facilitate fixing an operating button to the front panel of an electric device, the operation button includes a rectangular frame having at least one engagement piece integrally connected to and extending downwards from its bottom side. The operation button can be fixedly held on the lower side by press-fitting the engagement piece into an associated engagement slot made in the bottom plate of the cabinet. The front panel has at least one tapped boss fixed to its rear side, thereby allowing the frame to be screwed on the upper side to the tapped boss. Alternatively, the front panel has at least one apertured engagement piece fixed to its rear side, whereas the frame has at least one yieldingly bendable curved hook integrally connected to its upper side. The curved hook has a nail formed at its free end. The upper side of the operation button is fixed to the front panel by press-fitting the nail of the curved hook in the aperture of the engagement piece of the front panel.

Abstract: Storage apparatus (10) comprising a pair of storage members (54) pivotally mounted about a lifting arrangement (32). The storage members (54) and lifting arrangement (32) are locatable in a base assembly in a stored condition and can be slid outwardly and one of the members (54) raised, to provide convenient access to the respective member (54).

Abstract: A cabinet for the storage of aerosol containers, which may satisfy the storage cabinet construction requirements of NFPA 30A, the cabinet including a top wall, a bottom wall, and a number of side walls defining an interior. Each wall is of double-wall construction, and one side wall includes an opening for storage and removal of aerosol containers. A closeable door of double-wall construction is hingedly attached to the side wall including the opening, wherein the door may be secured, in its closed position, by a latching mechanism. The cabinet may also include fixed-position, adjustable, or sliding shelves with retainers to receive and secure aerosol containers within the cabinet.

Abstract: An organic EL display equipped with an organic EL device with an organic material sandwiched by at least two electrodes, including: a light emitting layer which emits light; a front reflecting portion arranged on the side of a viewer with respect to the light emitting layer; and a rear reflecting portion arranged on the side opposite to the viewer with respect to the light emitting layer, wherein the optical film thickness of the organic material, intensity reflectance R1 at the front reflecting portion and intensity reflectance R2 at the front reflecting portion are adjusted so that the external light intensity reflectance of the display viewed from the viewer is 10% or less by an optical interference effect.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a spark plug gasket (provided on the outer surface of the metal member of a spark plug) which assures a sealing between the spark plug and engine head by elastically deforming itself during screwing in the spark plug into an engine head and at the same time does not easily suffer an plastic deformation during driving the engine. The two requirements for assuring the close contact capability and suppressing the plastic deformation are simultaneously satisfied by a twice or three-times bent gasket with Hv0.5 of greater than or equal to 200 and smaller than or equal to 400. particularly, the twice bent gasket of the thickness of the gasket plate itself of 0.3 mm and made of SUS 304 of Hv0.5 of 350 did hardly suffer a loss of springiness under 50 G vibration.

Abstract: A platinum alloy composition for the central electrode (1) of a spark plug for a spark ignition engine, the composition further comprising in percentage by weight:

Abstract: A spark plug includes a ceramic component, whose surface is at least in part coated with a glaze, with the glaze containing 0.6% to 4% by weight of fluoride and 6% to 11.2% by weight of zinc oxide.

Abstract: An amorphous diamond electrical generator having a cathode at least partially coated with amorphous diamond material and an intermediate member coupled between the cathode and an anode. The amorphous diamond material can have at least about 90% carbon atoms with at least about 20% of the carbon atoms bonded in a distorted tetrahedral coordination. The amorphous diamond coating has an energy input surface in contact with a base member of the cathode and an electron emission surface opposite the energy input surface. The electron emission surface can have an asperity height of from about 10 to about 1,000 nanometers and is capable of emitting electrons upon input of a sufficient amount of energy. The intermediate member can be coupled to the electron emission surface of the amorphous diamond coating such that the intermediate member has a thermal conductivity of less than about 100 W/mK and a resistivity of less than about 80 &mgr;&OHgr;-cm at 20° C.

Abstract: This ion source includes a chamber having an internal wall surface and an external wall surface, and also includes a cathode, which is provided to be insulated from the chamber, capable of emitting thermal electrons into the chamber, and has a cathode cap protruding into the chamber from an external side of an opening part which is formed to pass through from the external wall surface to the internal wall surface of the chamber and a filament disposed inside the cathode cap, the cathode cap and/or the filament being an alloy containing tungsten (W) as a major component and a predetermined metal element as a minor component.

Abstract: A material for a shadow mask, characterized in that it has a chemical composition: C=0.0030 wt %, Si=0.03 wt %, Mn: 0.1 to 0.5 wt %, P=0.02 wt %, S=0.02 wt %, Al: 0.01 to 0.07 wt %, N=0.0030 wt %, B: an amount satisfying 0.5≦B/N≦2, and balance: Fe and inevitable impurities, and can form a shadow mask having a coercive force Hc of 90 A/m or less; and a method for producing the material, characterized in that use is made of a raw material having the above chemical composition, the finishing temperature in hot rolling is lower than Ar3 point by O to 30° C., the coiling temperature is 650 to 700° C., and the rolling reduction percentage in the final rolling (secondary cold rolling) is 30 to 45%. The material produced by the method exhibits magnetic characteristics being uniform in a coil and excellent as described above.

Abstract: A color picture tube has a compliant tension mask frame assembly mounted within said tube. The tension mask frame assembly includes a peripheral frame including opposing side support frame members is attached to the peripheral frame at a single location and the mask is attached to longitudinal edges of the intermediate members. Further included are clips that serve as guides for holding the intermediate members. Further included are clips that serve as guides for holding the intermediate members to the frame while permitting expansion of the frame relative to the intermediate members and permitting compliance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cathode ray tube, and more particularly, to a funnel for CRT to increase the BSN neck shadow margin by changing the shape of the yoke portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electron emission source composition for a field emission display device including 1 to 20% by weight of carbon nano tubes; glass frit; an organic binder resin comprising ethyl cellulose and acrylate resin and/or acryl resin; and an organic solvent, wherein the glass frit is present in an amount of 1 to 500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the carbon nano tubes.

Abstract: When a pulsed voltage is applied to a drive electrode, an electric field is concentrated in the vicinity of a slit, producing a field emission phenomenon. The emitted electrons are applied through an electrically conductive coating layer and an electron passage layer to a fluorescent layer when a bias voltage is applied to a transparent electrode. The fluorescent layer is excited to emit light through the transparent electrode as indicated by the arrows. Light-emitting devices may be arranged in a two-dimensional array, providing a field emission display.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an active matrix substrate (1) comprising a row and column array of active elements (10) wherein each element (11) is associated with a TFT (13) having a gate electrode (306) connected to a corresponding row conductor (15) and source (320) and drain (321) electrodes connected to corresponding column conductors (14), and ESD protective circuitry (20) connected to at least one of the row conductors for protecting the TFTs against electrostatic discharge (ESD). The method comprising the steps of forming semiconductor regions of the TFTs (302) and the ESD protective circuitry (303); depositing gate electrodes (306) of the TFTs and corresponding row conductors (15); and depositing source (320) and drain (321) electrodes of the TFTs and corresponding column conductors (14), wherein the ESD protective circuitry (20) is operative to control ESD prior to deposition of the column conductors (14).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a photoactive device comprising an anode, a cathode, and a photoactive layer, which device further comprises an electron transport and/or anti-quenching layer which minimizes both electron transfer quenching and energy transfer quenching of the photoactive layer.

Abstract: An inter-layer insulating film and a gate insulating film which are positioned on the optical path of light from an organic EL element to be externally emitted, for example, located under a transparent electrode, are removed. Because SiO2 films having a refractive index which differs significantly from refractive indexes of other films are used for these films, there was a problem of light attenuation in these layers. Such light attenuation can be reduced by removing these layers located in the region through which light from the organic EL element passes.

Abstract: To provide a low-profile EL device, a method for manufacturing the same, and a low-profile electronic apparatus. An EL device 10 includes first electrodes 30, EL layers 40 disposed on the first electrodes 30, a second electrode 50 to cover the EL layers 40, and a barrier layer 52 in direct contact with the second electrode 50. At least the surface of the second electrode 50 facing the barrier layer 52 is composed of an inorganic oxide. At least the surface of the barrier layer 52 facing the second electrode 50 is composed of an inorganic compound.

Abstract: A light-emitting device including a plurality of emission layers, which has improved luminous efficiency and improved emission lifetime, is provided. In the light-emitting device, a first optical film thickness range L1 from a light-emitting position of a first emission layer to a light-emitting surface of the device, a second optical film thickness range L2 from a light-emitting position of a second emission layer to the device light-emitting surface, and film thicknesses of a plurality of layers between the light-emitting surface and the first emission layer, the first emission layer and the second emission layer are set so as to increase the luminous intensity of color of an emission produced by mixing an emission from the first emission layer with an emission from the second emission layer.

Abstract: A light-emitting device including a plurality of emission layers, which has improved luminous efficiency and improved reliability (or device lifetime), is provided. The light-emitting device includes a first emission layer formed on a substrate, and a second emission layer formed on the first emission layer to provide a laminated structure, for emitting light having a different wavelength from that of light emitted by the first emission layer. At least one of the first emission layer and the second emission layer includes a host material, a luminescent first dopant material and a non-luminescent second dopant material.

Abstract: The present invention provides an LED device 1 as a light source having an excellent color reproducibility and high luminance. The LED device 1 comprises: a base 2 having a recess 4 with the upper surface opened, the inner wall surface of the recess 4 constituting a reflection surface 4a; a LED chip 5 disposed on the inner bottom of the recess 4; a resin 10 filled in the recess 4, the resin 10 including phosphors 7a, 7b, 7c which absorb a part of light emitted from the LED chip to convert the wavelength thereof and emit light; and a phosphor layer 6a, 6b, 6c formed on the reflection surface 4a, the phosphor layer 6a, 6b, 6c including the phosphors 7a, 7b, 7c.

Abstract: A degaussing circuit for compulsorily degaussing a picture tube of a CRT monitor by causing alternating current to flow through a degaussing coil. A switching part, connected to a first end of the degaussing coil, switches a current flowing into the degaussing coil on/off. A chargeable device connected to the first end or to a second end of the degaussing coil removes a potential difference across the degaussing coil when the switching part is turned off. Alternatively, chargeable devices may be connected to both the first and second ends of the degaussing coil. Thus, an electromagnetic field is prevented from being generated by the residual current in the degaussing coil, to thereby meet electromagnetic field safety standards for the monitor.

Abstract: A lamp (10) includes an optics module (12) and an electronics module (14, 60, 70). The optics module (10) includes a plurality of LEDs (76) arranged on a printed circuit board (18) and having a plurality of input leads, and a heat sink (22) having a conduit (40) for the input leads. The plurality of LEDs (16) thermally communicate with the heat sink (22). The electronics module (14, 60, 70) is adapted to power the plurality of LEDs (16) through the input leads. The electronics module (14, 60, 70) has a first end (52) adapted to rigidly connect with the heat sink (22), and a selected electrical connector (50, 62, 72) arranged on a second end for receiving electrical power. The electronics module (14, 60, 70) further houses circuitry (80) arranged therewithin for adapting the received electrical power (82) to drive the LEDs (16).

Abstract: A vehicular lamp used in a vehicle, includes: a light source for emitting light in accordance with a voltage given thereto; a light-source controlling transistor for controlling power supplied to the light source by repeatedly switching whether or not the power is supplied to the light source; a capacitor having one end grounded and another end at which a potential is changed like a saw-tooth by charging and discharging of the capacitor; a capacitor controlling transistor for controlling a timing at which the charging and discharging of the capacitor is switched; and a comparator for comparing the potential at the other end of the capacitor to a reference voltage given thereto and controlling a timing at which the light-source controlling transistor is turned on or off and a timing at which the capacitor controlling transistor is turned on or off in synchronization with each other based on the comparison result.

Abstract: An HID single light emitting point lamp tube switching device for switching the lamp tube between a far light position and a near light position is disclosed. Initially, a strong current coil and a weak current coil are induced at the same time, so that the HID single light emitting point are moved to the second position, and at end of a time period set in the timer, the strong current coil will be interrupted so that only the weak current coil is actuated to maintain the HID single light emitting point in the second position.

Abstract: The present invention is a programmable electronic unit mounted into a case, allowing to light or making flash varied luminous element connected independently by means of ballast inside the case and letters, so as to give a desired visual effect according a predetermined sequence.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device of the present invention includes: a gate line and a data line formed over a substrate, the gate and data lines perpendicularly crossing each other and defining a pixel therebetween; a first driving unit formed in the pixel and comprised of a first switching TFT and a first driving TFT; a power line delivering a current signal to the first driving TFT; an organic electroluminescent diode contacting the first driving TFT and receiving the current signal from the first driving TFT; and a second driving unit formed in the pixel and comprised of a second switching TFT and a second driving TFT, the second driving unit being a backup circuit that can deliver the current signal from the power line to the organic electroluminescent diode when the first driving unit malfunctions.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an organic light emitting diode capable of obtaining proper luminance and long life cycle by controlling an amount of current flowing through an organic electroluminescent device per unit pixel, comprises a luminescent device; and first and second transistors for driving the luminescent device, wherein the first and second transistors have different resistance values.

Abstract: A decorative light strand has user-selectable color schemes corresponding to several holidays for year-round use. The light strand has a plurality of lights including at least one commonly-controlled set of color-controllable multi-color LEDs; a decorating selector comprising a switch which provides a plurality of user-selectable settings; and logic coupled to the switch and the plurality of lights to provide different holiday color schemes in response to the user-selectable settings. Preferably, a plurality of commonly-controlled sets of color-controllable multi-color LEDs exist along the strand, where LEDs of each set are interleaved with LEDs of other sets along the light strand. Advantageously, this light strand may be hung permanently and utilized year-round for major holidays and other suitable occasions.

Abstract: To efficiently and cost-effectively produce a light source, a CCFL circuit can include a PMOS transistor, first and second NMOS transistors, and a high turns ratio transformer. The transformer can include a primary coil having a center tap, thereby forming first and second primary windings, as well as a secondary coil. The PMOS transistor can be connected to the center tap for driving the transformer. The first and second NMOS transistors can be connected to the first and second primary windings, respectively. Of importance, the first primary winding is tightly coupled to the second primary winding, whereas the first and second primary windings are loosely coupled to the secondary coil.

Abstract: A description is given of a gas-discharge lamp base (11) with a housing comprising an upper part (10) and a cover (40), a support (16) accommodated in the housing for receiving the components, with a transformer, with inductances connected in series with the lamp (1) and a capacitance connected in parallel with the lamp (1), the transformer comprising a bar transformer (23). This construction permits particularly efficient production, because the support can be constructed as a simple leadframe which permits automatic component fitting.

Abstract: A multi-lamp backlight system. The system comprises a core, a first coil set wrapped around the core, to which a first AC voltage is applied, a second and third coil sets wrapped around the core and respectively disposed on two sides of the first coil set, on which a second and third AC voltage are induced by the first voltage signal applied to the first coil set respectively, wherein the numbers of coils of the second and third coil sets are substantially the same, and first and second lamps are supplied with power by the second and third AC voltages respectively.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp electronic ballast for use with fluorescent lamps of the preheat or heated filament type is provided. The electronic ballast includes a multiple output DC to DC converter with a primary winding and a plurality of secondary windings for connecting to a plurality of lamp filaments. Each secondary winding is connected to a lamp filament through a diode/capacitor combination with a current transformer primary located in a high frequency loop. A sensing circuit is connected to a current transformer secondary. A controller is connected to the sensing circuit and controls the filament power supply. Advantages include the ability to predict lamp end of life, detect disconnected filaments and other problems that appear as an open circuit such as loose or misinstalled lamps and prevent arcing, detect smoldering of a heavily carbonized lamp holder, or detect short circuits.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp electronic ballast includes a DC to DC flyback converter, a commutator circuit, and a current sensor. The flyback converter includes a flyback transformer connected to a diode/capacitor combination, and includes a switch used to produce a flyback waveform that is rectified by the diode and results in a high voltage DC output at the capacitor. The commutator circuit receives the high voltage DC output and converts the high voltage DC output to an AC signal for operating the fluorescent lamp. The current sensor senses a DC lamp current from the output of the flyback converter and provides a current sense signal to the flyback converter. The flyback converter switch is controlled based on the current sense signal. Preferred ballasts advantageously provide a continuously dimmable lamp load, a universal type ballast for a wide range of lamp loads and combinations, and programmed start.

Abstract: A lighting circuit for lighting a vehicular lamp including a plurality of light sources each having at least one light-emitting diode, includes: a switching regulator for outputting an output voltage based on a power-supply voltage received from an external DC power supply; a light source selecting unit for selecting the respective light sources one by one and supplying a supply current to a selected one light source by applying the output voltage of the switching regulator to the selected one light source; and an output controlling unit for controlling the output voltage output by the switching regulator to the selected one light source based on the supply current supplied to the selected one light source.

Abstract: Disclosed are improved beam steering and scanning devices which utilize cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) elements arranged in branches to form a logic tree structure. Each branch thereof comprises an active and passive CLC element; the former further comprising a half-wave retarder and an electrode and the latter only the CLC element. Each succeeding branch contains twice as many branches as a preceding branch and, by activating active CLC element electrodes under control of a programmable pulsed source, inputs applied to the first stage of a logic tree are delivered as a scanned line of electromagnetic energy or light to the imaging cells of the last stage of the logic tree. By stacking identical logic tree structures with a laser source for each tree, a flat panel imaging array or display panel is formed in which the transmission intensity losses are minimized.

Abstract: A dual motor configuration 10 is provided for driving two fans for moving air to cool an engine. The dual motor configuration includes a primary brushless motor 18 constructed and arranged to be electronically controlled to drive a first fan 16 over a range of speeds. A secondary brush motor 24 is constructed and arranged to be electronically controlled to drive a second fan 22 over a range of speeds. The secondary brush motor includes an electronic switching device 26 associated therewith for receiving a pulse width modulated signal for controlling speed of the secondary brush motor. Thus, different combinations of speeds of the first and second motors can be selectively chosen to meet cooling requirements.

Abstract: The present invention provides a motor control circuit including a motor with a motor winding and a brush, a battery, a relay, and a ground return circuit. The battery is for energizing the motor. The relay selectively provides connection between the battery and the motor. A ground return circuit is in communication with the brush. The ground return circuit creates a path from the brush through the relay to an electrical ground.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the timing of a seek operation through the removal of the coast phase of conventional model reference waveform type control systems are provided. With the apparatus and method, the coast phase is removed such that an acceleration phase is immediately followed by a deceleration phase in the waveform of the control system. A (1-Cos)/2 shaping is applied to the resulting square waveform so that the affects of high frequency harmonics are minimized. The resulting “cosine bang-bang” waveform provides a reduction in seek time when compared to conventional model reference waveform based control. In addition to the above, the present invention provides a controller architecture in which the cosine bang-bang waveform may be applied to a voice coil motor to control the actuation of the read/write heads of a disc drive.

Abstract: A circuit for controlling a motor's operation is disclosed. The circuit includes a relay and a motor braking circuit portion. The relay selectively interconnects a voltage source with one of a braking terminal and a motor terminal. The motor braking circuit portion has a motor brake switch connected on a first switch side to the motor terminal and a second switch side to the electrical ground. The brake switch is activated to brake the motor when the relay interconnects the voltage source with the braking terminal.

Abstract: A motor control system for use in heating, ventilation and air conditioning applications including a blower and a motor coupled to drive the blower, an inverter coupled to provide energization to the motor, a relay capable of coupling the motor to the output of the inverter or to line power, and a controller providing signals to control the output of the inverter, where, upon startup and transfer of the motor from the line to the inverter, the output of the inverter is controlled by the inverter to provide for an enhanced startup or transfer.

Abstract: Please replace the Abstract with the attached revised Abstract located at the end of this document.

Abstract: A spatial notch filter is described that adapts in accordance with changes to an angular velocity of a rotating component within a manufacturing system. In a manufacturing system, noise may appear in feedback signals due to spatially distributed physical features in the system, such as imperfections in the components or sensors. This noise may be concentrated in a frequency band that changes as the angular velocity of rotating system components changes. The invention provides techniques for filtering this noise with one or more notch filters, and for adapting the center frequency of the notch filter as a function of angular velocity. The center frequency of the notch filter tracks the noise when the noise frequency changes.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are disclosed for controlling operation of a compressor capable of greatly decreasing a stroke estimation error of a compressor and controlling operation of the compressor accurately and precisely. The method includes calculating a first stroke estimation value of a compressor on the basis of current, a voltage applied to a motor of a compressor and preset parameters of the motor. Detecting a counter electromotive force of the motor and calculating a second stroke estimation value of the compressor on the basis of the detected counter electromotive force value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a driving device for a motor such as a stepping motor etc. for controlling an angle and a speed of the motor, wherein the driving device comprises exciting current detectors for detecting exciting currents of motor windings of the motor, an exciting current amplitude computation means for computing an exciting current amplitude value or the square of the exciting current amplitude value from exciting current detection values detected by the exciting current detectors, and a voltage impression unit for impressing voltages at values corresponding to a deviation value of the exciting current amplitude value and the current amplitude command or a deviation value of the square of the exciting current amplitude value and the square of the current amplitude command to the motor windings.